CN117431438B - New energy automobile integrated forming alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
New energy automobile integrated forming alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910017116 Fe—Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 48
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 48
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 24
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- QCCDYNYSHILRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);trifluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[Ce+3] QCCDYNYSHILRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 16
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- IOXPXHVBWFDRGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hept-6-enal Chemical compound C=CCCCCC=O IOXPXHVBWFDRGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 15
- VPKQPPJQTZJZDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-tridecafluorooctyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)CCOC(=O)C=C VPKQPPJQTZJZDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- NQSLZEHVGKWKAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NQSLZEHVGKWKAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- -1 sodium bicarbonate, fatty alcohol Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- FSAJWMJJORKPKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C FSAJWMJJORKPKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylolacrylamide Chemical compound OCNC(=O)C=C CNCOEDDPFOAUMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Stearyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- UWNADWZGEHDQAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethylhexane Chemical group CC(C)CCC(C)C UWNADWZGEHDQAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- JTHZUSWLNCPZLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-fluoro-3-methyl-2h-indazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2C(C)=NNC2=C1 JTHZUSWLNCPZLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001409 amidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated molding alloy for a new energy automobile and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of new energy automobiles. The new energy automobile integrated forming alloy comprises the following chemical components in parts by mass: al:591.7-640.7 parts by mass; si:6.26-6.45 parts by mass; mg:0.4-0.5 part by mass; zn:0.18-0.24 parts by mass; fe-Mo:2.5-2.8 parts by mass; rare earth element: 0.005-0.01 part by mass; therefore, the yield strength and the elongation of the integrated forming alloy of the new energy automobile are improved, the quality of an alloy finished product is improved, and the aims of light weight and cost reduction are fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobile manufacturing, and particularly relates to an integrated forming alloy for a new energy automobile and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Aluminum alloy is one of important materials for realizing light weight in new energy automobile manufacturing industry, and development and application of the aluminum alloy have positive influence on improving international competitiveness of automobile industry in China. At present, the aluminum alloy material for the automobile is mainly cast aluminum alloy, improves the performance through heat treatment, has the advantages of excellent fluidity, no heat cracking tendency, small wire shrinkage, small specific gravity, good corrosion resistance, good gas welding performance and the like, and is widely applied to the manufacture of parts in the transportation field.
However, when the common cast aluminum alloy is applied to large-scale complex thin-wall integrated die casting, the brittleness is higher, and even if a high-vacuum die casting and ultra-low-speed die casting technology is adopted, the elongation rate is lower after heat treatment. In addition, lightweight body castings have the characteristics of thinness and lightness, but as-cast thin walls are sensitive to mechanical properties and require heat treatment to improve the properties. However, deformation is easily generated during the heat treatment, and a sticking phenomenon is easily generated, resulting in poor quality of the finished product.
In order to solve these problems, further research and development of novel aluminum alloy materials and manufacturing processes are necessary to improve mechanical properties and quality of finished products thereof while achieving the goals of light weight and cost reduction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses an integrated molding alloy for a new energy automobile and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of manufacturing of new energy automobiles. The new energy automobile integrated forming alloy comprises the following chemical components in parts by mass: al:591.7-640.7 parts by mass; si:6.26-6.45 parts by mass; mg:0.4-0.5 part by mass; zn:0.18-0.24 parts by mass; fe-Mo:2.5-2.8 parts by mass; rare earth element: 0.005-0.01 part by mass.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems: the novel aluminum alloy material and the manufacturing process are developed to improve the mechanical property and the quality of finished products, and simultaneously realize the goals of light weight and cost reduction.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the new energy automobile integrated molding alloy comprises the following chemical components in parts by mass:
al 591.7-640.7 parts by mass
6.26 to 6.45 parts by mass of Si
0.4 to 0.5 part by mass of Mg
Zn 0.18-0.24 mass parts
Fe-Mo 2.5-2.8 weight portions
0.005-0.01 parts by mass of rare earth element.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rare earth elements include Eu, ce, and La.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the preparation of the Fe-Mo comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing the Fe and Mo simple substance powder serving as a raw material, and performing vacuum ball milling to obtain mixed powder;
a2, carrying out spark plasma sintering, grinding and sieving on the mixed powder in a vacuum condition to obtain the Fe-Mo.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the average grain size of the Fe-Mo is less than 0.01mm.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step A1, the mass ratio of Fe to Mo is 2.2-3.6:1.4-2.5, wherein the vacuum ball milling refers to ball milling for 20-40min under the vacuum degree of 0.11-0.22 Pa.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step A2, the vacuum degree of sintering is 1-2Pa, the sintering pressure is 40-60MPa, the sintering temperature is 950-1150 ℃ and the sintering time is 15-25min.
The preparation method of the new energy automobile integrated forming alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing pure aluminum, metallic silicon and Fe-Mo, preheating to 200-220 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-2h to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding the material A into a furnace, and carrying out heat preservation and melting for 3-4 hours at 750-790 ℃ to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding rare earth elements into the material B, and stirring at 800-840 ℃ for 3-4 hours to obtain a material C;
(4) Adding pure magnesium and pure zinc into the material C, maintaining the temperature at 680-740 ℃, stirring for 3-4h, and introducing argon for refining to obtain a melt;
(5) Standing the molten liquid at 700 ℃ for 10-20min, and die casting to obtain a casting;
(6) And carrying out heat treatment and natural cooling on the casting to obtain the integrated forming alloy of the new energy automobile.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the time for introducing argon is 20-30min; the argon gas is introduced into the molten liquid in an amount of 6-8% of the mass of the molten liquid.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the die casting refers to filling the solution after standing into a die cavity of a die casting machine at a jet speed of 30-40m/s, and die casting for 3-4h under a pressure of 20-30 MPa.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the heat treatment refers to heating the casting to 300-350 ℃ for 2-3h, then continuing to heat to 600-650 ℃ for 2-3h, then quickly cooling to 250 ℃ for 1-2h, and then naturally cooling.
As a preferred technical scheme of the present invention, the preparation of the refining agent for refining comprises the following steps: and (3) drying the sodium chloride and the potassium chloride at 80 ℃ for 4-6 hours, and then mixing the dried sodium chloride, the dried potassium chloride, the sodium hexafluoroaluminate, the cerium fluoride and the hexachloroethane to obtain the refining agent.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the mass ratio of the sodium chloride, the potassium chloride, the sodium hexafluoroaluminate, the cerium fluoride and the hexachloroethane is 6-7:5.8-7.2:1.8-2.2:0.8-1.5:3-5.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the inner wall of the die casting machine cavity is coated with a release agent.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the preparation of the release agent comprises the following steps:
(51) Deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, methyl methacrylate, octadecyl acrylate, isooctyl methacrylate and perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate are placed in a pre-emulsifying kettle, stirred for 1-2h, and pre-emulsified for 0.5-1h at 70 ℃ to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid; the mass ratio of deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, methyl methacrylate, octadecyl acrylate, isooctyl methacrylate and perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate is 80-100:0.4-0.6:6-8:4-6:40-60:30-40:35-45:60-80 parts;
(52) Deionized water, pre-emulsion, N-methylol acrylamide, azo-diisobutyl amidine hydrochloride and ethylene glycol butyl ether are placed into a polymerization kettle to be mixed, the temperature is raised to 70-75 ℃, the temperature is controlled to react, the mixture is cooled, and the mixture is filtered and discharged through a 100-120-mesh sieve to obtain the release agent; the mass ratio of the deionized water to the pre-emulsion to the N-methylolacrylamide to the azo-diisobutylamidine hydrochloride to the ethylene glycol butyl ether is 100-200:300-400:3-4:2-3:100-150; the temperature control reaction is carried out for 4-6 hours at 80-85 ℃;
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the integrated forming alloy for the new energy automobile and the preparation method thereof, disclosed by the invention, the yield strength and the elongation of the integrated forming alloy for the new energy automobile are improved through the synergistic effect between Al, si, mg, zn, fe-Mo and rare earth element Eu;
furthermore, by introducing Mo element to be uniformly dispersed at the Al-Si crystal interface, the yield strength of the alloy is obviously improved. Meanwhile, eu element is added to enable the eutectic Si phase to be transformed to form a fibrous structure, so that the elongation and yield strength of the alloy are improved, and the material has good plasticity while the strength is kept.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention for achieving the intended purpose, the following detailed description is given below with reference to the embodiments, structures, features and effects according to the present invention.
Example 1
Preparation of new energy automobile integrated molding alloy:
(1) Mixing pure aluminum, metallic silicon and Fe-Mo, preheating to 200 ℃, and preserving heat for 1h to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding the material A into a furnace, and carrying out heat preservation and melting for 3 hours at 750 ℃ to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding rare earth elements into the material B, and stirring at 800 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain a material C;
(4) Adding pure magnesium and pure zinc into the material C, preserving heat and stirring for 3 hours at 680 ℃, and introducing argon for refining to obtain a melt; the argon is introduced for 20min; the argon gas is introduced into the molten liquid in an amount of 6% of the mass of the molten liquid; the preparation of the refining agent for refining comprises the following steps: drying sodium chloride and potassium chloride at 80 ℃ for 4 hours, and then mixing the dried sodium chloride, the dried potassium chloride, sodium hexafluoroaluminate, cerium fluoride and hexachloroethane to obtain the refining agent; the mass ratio of the sodium chloride to the potassium chloride to the sodium hexafluoroaluminate to the cerium fluoride to the hexachloroethane is 6:5.8:1.8:0.8:3, a step of;
(5) Standing the molten liquid at 700 ℃ for 10min, and die casting to obtain a casting; the die casting refers to filling the solution after standing into a die cavity of a die casting machine at a jet speed of 30m/s, and die casting for 3 hours under a pressure of 20 MPa;
the inner wall of the die casting machine cavity is coated with a release agent, and the preparation of the release agent comprises the following steps:
(51) Deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, methyl methacrylate, octadecyl acrylate, isooctyl methacrylate and perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate are placed in a pre-emulsifying kettle, stirred for 1h, and pre-emulsified for 0.5h at 70 ℃ to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid; the mass ratio of deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, methyl methacrylate, octadecyl acrylate, isooctyl methacrylate and perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate is 80:0.4:6:4:40:30:35:60;
(52) Deionized water, pre-emulsion, N-methylol acrylamide, azo-diisobutyl amidine hydrochloride and ethylene glycol butyl ether are placed into a polymerization kettle to be mixed, the temperature is raised to 70 ℃, the reaction is controlled, the mixture is cooled, and the mixture is filtered and discharged through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the release agent; the mass ratio of the deionized water to the pre-emulsion to the N-methylolacrylamide to the azo-diisobutylamidine hydrochloride to the ethylene glycol butyl ether is 100:300:3:2:100; the temperature control reaction is to react for 4 hours at 80 ℃;
(6) Heating the casting to 300 ℃ for 2 hours, then continuing to heat to 600 ℃ for 2 hours, then rapidly cooling to 250 ℃ for 1 hour, and then naturally cooling to obtain the new energy automobile integrated molding alloy;
the new energy automobile integrated forming alloy comprises the following chemical components in parts by mass:
591.7 parts by mass of Al
Si 6.26 parts by mass
0.4 part by mass of Mg
Zn 0.18 mass portions
Fe-Mo 2.5 parts by mass
0.005 parts by mass of rare earth element.
The rare earth elements comprise Eu, ce and La, and the mass ratio of the Eu, ce and La is 0.002:0.002:0.001.
the preparation of the Fe-Mo comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing the Fe and Mo simple substance powder serving as a raw material, and performing vacuum ball milling to obtain mixed powder; the mass ratio of Fe to Mo is 2.2:1.4, ball milling under vacuum degree of 0.11Pa for 20min;
a2, carrying out spark plasma sintering, grinding and sieving on the mixed powder in a vacuum condition to obtain the Fe-Mo; the average grain diameter of the Fe-Mo is smaller than 0.01mm; the vacuum degree of sintering is 1Pa, the sintering pressure is 40MPa, the sintering temperature is 950 ℃, and the sintering time is 15min;
after die casting, the yield strength of the integrated forming alloy of the new energy automobile is 181.2MPa, the elongation is 14.4%, the surface of the alloy after demoulding is smooth and has no crack, and the surface roughness is less than Ra10.
Example 2
Preparation of new energy automobile integrated molding alloy:
(1) Mixing pure aluminum, metallic silicon and Fe-Mo, preheating to 210 ℃, and preserving heat for 1.5h to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding the material A into a furnace, and carrying out heat preservation and melting for 3.5 hours at 770 ℃ to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding rare earth elements into the material B, and stirring at 820 ℃ for 3.5h to obtain a material C;
(4) Adding pure magnesium and pure zinc into the material C, preserving heat and stirring for 3.5h at 700 ℃, and introducing argon for refining to obtain a melt; the argon is introduced for 25min; the argon gas is introduced into the molten liquid in an amount of 7% of the mass of the molten liquid;
the preparation of the refining agent for refining comprises the following steps: drying sodium chloride and potassium chloride at 80 ℃ for 5 hours, and then mixing the dried sodium chloride, the dried potassium chloride, sodium hexafluoroaluminate, cerium fluoride and hexachloroethane to obtain the refining agent; the mass ratio of the sodium chloride to the potassium chloride to the sodium hexafluoroaluminate to the cerium fluoride to the hexachloroethane is 6.5:6.6:1.9:1.2:4, a step of;
(5) Standing the molten liquid at 700 ℃ for 15min, and die casting to obtain a casting; the die casting refers to filling the solution after standing into a die cavity of a die casting machine at a jet speed of 35m/s, and die casting for 3.5h under the pressure of 25 MPa; the inner wall of the die casting machine cavity is coated with a release agent, and the preparation of the release agent comprises the following steps:
(51) Deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, methyl methacrylate, octadecyl acrylate, isooctyl methacrylate and perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate are placed in a pre-emulsifying kettle, stirred for 1.5h, and pre-emulsified for 0.8h at 70 ℃ to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid; the mass ratio of deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, methyl methacrylate, octadecyl acrylate, isooctyl methacrylate and perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate is 90:0.5:7:5:50:35:40:70;
(52) Deionized water, pre-emulsion, N-methylol acrylamide, azo-diisobutyl amidine hydrochloride and ethylene glycol butyl ether are placed into a polymerization kettle to be mixed, the temperature is raised to 72 ℃, the reaction is controlled, the mixture is cooled, and the mixture is filtered and discharged through a 110-mesh sieve to obtain the release agent; the mass ratio of deionized water to pre-emulsion to N-methylolacrylamide to azodiisobutylamidine hydrochloride to ethylene glycol butyl ether is 150:350:3.5:2.5:120; the temperature control reaction is carried out for 5 hours at 82 ℃;
(6) Heating the casting to 320 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5 hours, then continuing to heat to 620 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5 hours, then rapidly cooling to 250 ℃ and preserving heat for 1.5 hours, and then naturally cooling to obtain the new energy automobile integrated forming alloy;
the new energy automobile integrated forming alloy comprises the following chemical components in parts by mass:
al 612 mass parts
Si 6.35 parts by mass
0.45 part by mass of Mg
Zn 0.22 mass portions
Fe-Mo 2.7 parts by mass
0.008 parts by mass of rare earth element.
The rare earth elements comprise Eu, ce and La, and the mass ratio of the Eu, ce and La is 0.004:0.003:0.001.
the preparation of the Fe-Mo comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing the Fe and Mo simple substance powder serving as a raw material, and performing vacuum ball milling to obtain mixed powder; the mass ratio of Fe to Mo is 3.2:2.2, ball milling under vacuum degree of 0.18Pa for 30min;
a2, carrying out spark plasma sintering, grinding and sieving on the mixed powder in a vacuum condition to obtain the Fe-Mo; the average grain diameter of the Fe-Mo is smaller than 0.01mm; the vacuum degree of sintering is 1.5Pa, the sintering pressure is 50MPa, the sintering temperature is 1050 ℃, and the sintering time is 20min;
after die casting, the yield strength of the integrated forming alloy of the new energy automobile is 182.3MPa, the elongation is 14.6%, the surface of the alloy after demoulding is smooth and has no crack, and the surface roughness is less than Ra8.
Example 3
Preparation of new energy automobile integrated molding alloy:
(1) Mixing pure aluminum, metallic silicon and Fe-Mo, preheating to 220 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 hours to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding the material A into a furnace, and carrying out heat preservation and melting for 4 hours at 790 ℃ to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding rare earth elements into the material B, and stirring at 840 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a material C;
(4) Adding pure magnesium and pure zinc into the material C, preserving heat and stirring for 4 hours at 740 ℃, and introducing argon for refining to obtain a melt; the argon is introduced for 30min; the argon gas is introduced into the molten liquid in an amount of 8% of the mass of the molten liquid; the preparation of the refining agent for refining comprises the following steps: drying sodium chloride and potassium chloride at 80 ℃ for 6 hours, and then mixing the dried sodium chloride, the dried potassium chloride, sodium hexafluoroaluminate, cerium fluoride and hexachloroethane to obtain the refining agent; the mass ratio of the sodium chloride to the potassium chloride to the sodium hexafluoroaluminate to the cerium fluoride to the hexachloroethane is 7:7.2:2.2:1.5:5, a step of;
(5) Standing the molten liquid at 700 ℃ for 20min, and die casting to obtain a casting; the die casting refers to filling the solution after standing into a die cavity of a die casting machine at a jet speed of 40m/s, and die casting for 4 hours under the pressure of 30 MPa;
the inner wall of the die casting machine cavity is coated with a release agent, and the preparation of the release agent comprises the following steps:
(51) Deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, methyl methacrylate, octadecyl acrylate, isooctyl methacrylate and perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate are placed in a pre-emulsifying kettle, stirred for 2 hours, and pre-emulsified for 1 hour at 70 ℃ to obtain a pre-emulsified liquid; the mass ratio of deionized water, sodium bicarbonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, methyl methacrylate, octadecyl acrylate, isooctyl methacrylate and perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate is 100:0.6:8:6:60:40:45:80;
(52) Deionized water, pre-emulsion, N-methylol acrylamide, azo diisobutyl amidine hydrochloride and ethylene glycol butyl ether are placed into a polymerization kettle to be mixed, the temperature is raised to 75 ℃, the reaction is controlled, the mixture is cooled, and the mixture is filtered and discharged through a 120-mesh sieve to obtain the release agent; the mass ratio of deionized water to pre-emulsion to N-methylolacrylamide to azodiisobutylamidine hydrochloride to ethylene glycol butyl ether is 200:400:4:3:150; the temperature control reaction is to react for 6 hours at 85 ℃;
(6) Heating the casting to 350 ℃ for 3 hours, then continuing to heat to 650 ℃ for 3 hours, then rapidly cooling to 250 ℃ for 2 hours, and then naturally cooling to obtain the new energy automobile integrated molding alloy;
the new energy automobile integrated forming alloy comprises the following chemical components in parts by mass:
640.7 parts by mass of Al
Si 6.45 parts by mass
0.5 part by mass of Mg
Zn 0.24 mass portions
Fe-Mo 2.8 parts by mass
0.01 part by mass of rare earth element.
The rare earth elements comprise Eu, ce and La, and the mass ratio of the Eu, ce and La is 0.004: 0.004:0.002.
the preparation of the Fe-Mo comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing the Fe and Mo simple substance powder serving as a raw material, and performing vacuum ball milling to obtain mixed powder; the mass ratio of Fe to Mo is 3.6:2.5, ball milling under vacuum degree of 0.22Pa for 40min;
a2, carrying out spark plasma sintering, grinding and sieving on the mixed powder in a vacuum condition to obtain the Fe-Mo; the average grain diameter of the Fe-Mo is smaller than 0.01mm; the vacuum degree of sintering is 2Pa, the sintering pressure is 60MPa, the sintering temperature is 1150 ℃, and the sintering time is 25min;
after die casting, the yield strength of the integrated forming alloy of the new energy automobile is 181.7MPa, the elongation is 15.1%, the surface of the alloy after demoulding is smooth and has no crack, and the surface roughness is less than Ra6.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that the Fe-Mo composite powder is changed into Fe simple substance powder and Mo simple substance powder, wherein the mass ratio of the Fe simple substance powder to the Mo simple substance powder is 2:0.5, the rest operation is unchanged;
after die casting, the yield strength of the integrated forming alloy of the new energy automobile is 171.2MPa, the elongation is 11.4%, the surface of the alloy after demoulding is smooth and has no crack, and the surface roughness is less than Ra10.
Comparative examples 2 to 3
The difference from example 1 is that the chemical composition of the integrated alloy for the new energy automobile is changed, and the specific steps are as follows:
comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that Eu is not added, the rest of the operation is unchanged;
after die casting, the yield strength of the integrated forming alloy of the new energy automobile is 173.7MPa, the elongation is 11.8%, the surface of the alloy after demoulding is smooth and has no crack, and the surface roughness is less than Ra10
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that Zn is not added, the rest of the operation is unchanged;
after die casting, the yield strength of the new energy automobile integrated molding alloy is 172.6MPa, the elongation is 12.1%, the surface of the alloy after demoulding is smooth and has no crack, and the surface roughness is less than Ra10.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the ratio of the refining agent is different, the rest of the operation is unchanged, and the ratio of the refining agent is specifically as follows:
the preparation of the refining agent for refining comprises the following steps: drying potassium chloride at 80 ℃ for 4-6 hours, and then mixing the dried potassium chloride, sodium hexafluoroaluminate, cerium fluoride and hexachloroethane to obtain the refining agent; the mass ratio of the potassium chloride to the sodium hexafluoroaluminate to the cerium fluoride to the hexachloroethane is 11.8:1.8:0.8:3, a step of;
after demolding, the alloy surface has cracks, and the surface roughness is smaller than Ra35.
Comparative example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the ratio of the refining agent is different, the rest of the operation is unchanged, and the ratio of the refining agent is specifically as follows:
the preparation of the refining agent for refining comprises the following steps: drying sodium chloride at 80 ℃ for 4-6 hours, and then mixing the dried sodium chloride, sodium hexafluoroaluminate, cerium fluoride and hexachloroethane to obtain the refining agent; the mass ratio of the sodium chloride to the sodium hexafluoroaluminate to the cerium fluoride to the hexachloroethane is 11.8:1.8:0.8:3, a step of;
after demolding, cracks exist on the surface of the alloy, and the surface roughness is smaller than Ra33.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the ratio of the refining agent is different, the rest of the operation is unchanged, and the ratio of the refining agent is specifically as follows:
the preparation of the refining agent for refining comprises the following steps: drying sodium chloride and potassium chloride at 80 ℃ for 4-6 hours, and then mixing the dried sodium chloride, the dried potassium chloride, cerium fluoride and hexachloroethane to obtain the refining agent; the mass ratio of the sodium chloride to the potassium chloride to the cerium fluoride to the hexachloroethane is 6:5.8:2.6:3, a step of;
after demolding, the alloy surface has cracks, and the surface roughness is smaller than Ra38.
Comparative example 7
The difference from example 1 is that the ratio of the refining agent is different, the rest of the operation is unchanged, and the ratio of the refining agent is specifically as follows:
the preparation of the refining agent for refining comprises the following steps: drying sodium chloride and potassium chloride at 80 ℃ for 4-6 hours, and then mixing the dried sodium chloride, the dried potassium chloride, sodium hexafluoroaluminate and hexachloroethane to obtain the refining agent; the mass ratio of the sodium chloride to the potassium chloride to the sodium hexafluoroaluminate to the hexachloroethane is 6:5.8:1.8:3.8;
after demolding, the alloy surface has cracks, and the surface roughness is smaller than Ra35.
Comparative example 8
The difference from example 1 is that the ratio of the refining agent is different, the rest of the operation is unchanged, and the ratio of the refining agent is specifically as follows:
the preparation of the refining agent for refining comprises the following steps: drying sodium chloride and potassium chloride at 80 ℃ for 4-6 hours, and then mixing the dried sodium chloride, the dried potassium chloride, sodium hexafluoroaluminate and cerium fluoride to obtain the refining agent; the mass ratio of the sodium chloride to the potassium chloride to the sodium hexafluoroaluminate to the cerium fluoride is 6:5.8:1.8:3.8;
after demolding, the alloy surface has cracks, and the surface roughness is smaller than Ra34.
Comparative example 9
The difference from example 1 is that the proportions of the mixed monomers in the release agent are different, and the rest of the operations are unchanged, specifically as follows:
the mass ratio of the octadecyl acrylate to the isooctyl methacrylate to the perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate is 70:35:60;
after demolding, the alloy surface has concave-convex cracks, and the surface roughness is smaller than Ra45.
Comparative example 10
The difference from example 1 is that the proportions of the mixed monomers in the release agent are different, and the rest of the operations are unchanged, specifically as follows:
the mass ratio of methyl methacrylate to isooctyl methacrylate to perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate is 70:35:60;
after demolding, the alloy surface has concave-convex cracks, and the surface roughness is smaller than Ra45.
Comparative example 11
The difference from example 1 is that the proportions of the mixed monomers in the release agent are different, and the rest of the operations are unchanged, specifically as follows:
the mass ratio of methyl methacrylate to stearyl acrylate to perfluorohexyl ethyl acrylate is 40:65:60;
after demolding, the alloy surface has concave-convex cracks, and the surface roughness is smaller than Ra45.
Comparative example 12
The difference from example 1 is that the proportions of the mixed monomers in the release agent are different, and the rest of the operations are unchanged, specifically as follows:
the mass ratio of methyl methacrylate, octadecyl acrylate and isooctyl methacrylate is 100:30:35;
after demolding, the alloy surface has concave-convex cracks, and the surface roughness is smaller than Ra52.
Conclusion analysis
The alloys prepared in examples 1-3 have excellent tensile strength, yield strength and elongation. Comparative examples 1 to 12, which were prepared on the basis of example 1, wherein:
in the preparation of comparative example 1, the Fe and the Mo are added into the alloy singly to cause that the Fe and the Mo cannot be uniformly mixed in an alloy system, so that the tensile strength, the yield strength and the elongation are reduced;
the preparation of comparative example 2, in which rare earth Eu was not added, resulted in a decrease in tensile strength, yield strength and elongation;
no Zn was added in the preparation of comparative example 3, resulting in a decrease in tensile strength, yield strength and elongation;
in comparative examples 4 to 8, the surface of the alloy produced had cracks and was rough due to the difference in composition of the refining agent, and the quality was lowered;
in comparative examples 9 to 12, the surface of the alloy produced had uneven cracks due to the difference in composition of the release agent, and was rough and remarkably reduced in quality.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is capable of modification and variation in detail, and other modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The new energy automobile integrated molding alloy is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in parts by mass:
al 591.7-640.7 parts by mass
6.26 to 6.45 parts by mass of Si
0.4 to 0.5 part by mass of Mg
Zn 0.18-0.24 mass parts
Fe-Mo 2.5-2.8 weight portions
0.005-0.01 part by mass of rare earth element;
the rare earth elements comprise Eu, ce and La, and the mass ratio of the Eu, ce and La is 0.002-0.004:0.002-0.004:0.001-0.002;
the preparation of the Fe-Mo comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing the Fe and Mo simple substance powder serving as a raw material, and performing vacuum ball milling to obtain mixed powder;
a2, carrying out spark plasma sintering, grinding and sieving on the mixed powder in a vacuum condition to obtain the Fe-Mo;
in the step A1, the mass ratio of Fe to Mo is 2.2-3.6:1.4 to 2.5, wherein the vacuum ball milling refers to ball milling for 20 to 40 minutes under the vacuum degree of 0.11 to 0.22 Pa;
in the step A2, the vacuum degree of sintering is 1-2Pa, the sintering pressure is 40-60MPa, the sintering temperature is 950-1150 ℃, and the sintering time is 15-25min.
2. The method for preparing the integrated molding alloy of the new energy automobile according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the integrated molding alloy of the new energy automobile comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing pure aluminum, metallic silicon and Fe-Mo, preheating to 200-220 ℃, and preserving heat for 1-2h to obtain a material A;
(2) Adding the material A into a furnace, and carrying out heat preservation and melting for 3-4 hours at 750-790 ℃ to obtain a material B;
(3) Adding rare earth elements into the material B, and stirring at 800-840 ℃ for 3-4 hours to obtain a material C;
(4) Adding pure magnesium and pure zinc into the material C, maintaining the temperature at 680-740 ℃, stirring for 3-4h, and introducing argon for refining to obtain a melt;
(5) Standing the molten liquid at 700 ℃ for 10-20min, and die casting to obtain a casting;
(6) And carrying out heat treatment and natural cooling on the casting to obtain the integrated forming alloy of the new energy automobile.
3. The method for preparing the integrated alloy for the new energy automobile according to claim 2, wherein the argon gas is introduced for 20-30min; the argon gas is introduced into the molten liquid in an amount of 6-8% of the mass of the molten liquid.
4. The method for producing an integrally formed alloy for a new energy automobile according to claim 2, wherein the die casting means that the molten liquid after standing is filled into a cavity of a die casting machine at a jet speed of 30-40m/s and die-cast for 3-4 hours under a pressure of 20-30 MPa.
5. The method for preparing an integrally formed alloy for a new energy automobile according to claim 2, wherein the heat treatment is to heat the casting to 300-350 ℃ for 2-3 hours, then to heat the casting further to 600-650 ℃ for 2-3 hours, then to cool the casting rapidly to 250 ℃ for 1-2 hours, and then to cool the casting naturally.
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