CN117417632A - Sleeper material composition, sleeper and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sleeper material composition, sleeper and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117417632A CN117417632A CN202310560626.7A CN202310560626A CN117417632A CN 117417632 A CN117417632 A CN 117417632A CN 202310560626 A CN202310560626 A CN 202310560626A CN 117417632 A CN117417632 A CN 117417632A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013873 oxidized polyethylene wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004209 oxidized polyethylene wax Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical class [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 24
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VETPHHXZEJAYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-dinaphthalen-2-ylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(NC=3C=CC(NC=4C=C5C=CC=CC5=CC=4)=CC=3)=CC=C21 VETPHHXZEJAYOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/003—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a sleeper material composition, which comprises a first material and a second material, wherein the first material contains high molecular nylon, an antioxidant and optional auxiliary agents; the second material contains high molecular nylon, an antioxidant and a filler. The sleeper is formed using the composition of the present invention. The preparation method of the sleeper comprises the following steps: and adopting a first extruder to melt and continuously extrude the first material, adopting a second extruder to melt and continuously extrude the second material, extruding an extrusion material (1) of the first material on the lower layer of the attaching die, extruding an extrusion material (2) of the second material on the upper layer of the extrusion material of the first material, and then carrying out compression molding, forming, cooling, removing the die and humidifying to obtain the sleeper. The invention can simultaneously solve the problems of the recycling of the existing railway recycled nylon parts, such as high price, heavy weight, low production efficiency and the like of the composite sleeper; meanwhile, the problems of high thermal expansion coefficient, poor creep resistance, low pulling resistance, and the like of the composite sleeper are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sleeper material composition, a sleeper and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Most of the railway high polymer recovery parts are made of nylon materials, the nylon is a thermoplastic material, and the nylon can be reused after being reprocessed and modified, and the nylon material for the railway track has the advantages of good low-temperature impact resistance, toughness, low water absorption, high strength and rigidity, high resistivity, good creep resistance and the like. The railway market will immediately enter a overhaul period, a large number of failed fasteners are replaced every year, and the replaced fasteners and high polymer components can be recycled.
The sleeper is divided into a wood sleeper, a concrete sleeper, a composite material sleeper and the like, the wood sleeper needs a large amount of wood, the wood is easy to corrode, and the environment is polluted through special chemical treatment. The concrete pillow has the most application, but has large weight, no elasticity, no repair and difficult replacement.
CN113152159a relates to a composite sleeper, a preparation method thereof and a mold, wherein the main body of the composite sleeper is basalt fiber reinforced plastic, a long basalt fiber layer is respectively arranged at the positions close to the upper surface and the lower surface of the sleeper, long basalt fibers in the long basalt fiber layer longitudinally penetrate through the whole sleeper, and hot melt adhesive is used for reinforcing connection between the long basalt fiber layer and a sleeper matrix. The basalt fiber reinforced plastic composite sleeper base material is formed by mixing short basalt fibers and a regenerated plastic polymer, wherein the regenerated polymer takes waste plastic products such as recycled plastic bottles, milk packaging bottles and the like as raw materials.
The composite sleeper in CN113152159A and the preparation method thereof, and the mould are provided with a layer of long basalt fiber near the upper and lower surfaces of the sleeper, the long basalt fiber longitudinally penetrates through the sleeper, the arrangement mode of the fiber can lead to inconsistent transverse and longitudinal strength of the sleeper, and the sleeper is transversely cracked when spikes are used or bear heavy load force; the long basalt fiber layers are connected with the sleeper matrix and each layer of the sleeper through hot melt adhesive in a reinforcing way, so that stress weak points can appear at the interfaces of the hot melt adhesive and the sleeper matrix, the hot melt adhesive and the long basalt fiber layers, and bonding failure can occur when the long basalt fiber layers are heated or stressed; the recycled plastic polymer is prepared from recycled plastic products such as plastic bottles, milk packaging bottles and the like serving as raw materials, the recycled waste plastic products are complex in types, different in color and additives, and can be possibly blended by various polymers, so that products with controllable performance, particularly products with consistent mechanical performance, are difficult to form, and the performance of the sleeper matrix is greatly floated.
CN112646254a relates to a thermoplastic glass fiber extrusion composite sleeper and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components: 27-64.5% of recycled high-density polyethylene, 20% of polypropylene, 12.5-50% of glass fiber and 3% of compatilizer, wherein the recycled high-density polyethylene is selected from daily chemical bottle materials such as a liquid detergent bottle, a shower gel bottle and the like.
The raw materials used in the thermoplastic plastic glass fiber extrusion composite sleeper of CN112646254A and the preparation method thereof are recycled high-density polyethylene and polypropylene, daily chemical bottle materials such as a laundry detergent bottle, a shower gel bottle and the like are adopted for recycling the high-density polyethylene, and the problem that the raw materials are uncontrollable also occurs. Meanwhile, due to the wide regions in China, the sleepers in many regions can bear high temperature exceeding 60 ℃ in summer, the common heat distortion temperature of olefin high molecular polymers such as polyethylene is 60-80 ℃, and the molecular chains of the olefin high molecular polymers such as polyethylene creep along with the running of a train in a state of bearing high temperature for a long time, so that the sleeper deformation can occur, the mechanical property and the spike pulling resistance of the sleeper can be greatly reduced, and the driving safety is further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of processing the polymer components discarded by the railway, and realize recycling of the polymer nylon components; the problems that the variety of the recycled material of the composite sleeper raw material is miscellaneous and the quality is difficult to control are solved; meanwhile, the problems of high price, heavy weight, low production efficiency, high thermal expansion coefficient, poor creep resistance, low pulling resistance and the like of the traditional composite sleeper are improved.
According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a tie material composition comprising a first material and a second material, the first material comprising a polymeric nylon, an antioxidant and optionally an auxiliary agent; the second material contains high molecular nylon, an antioxidant, optional auxiliary agents and a filler.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a tie formed from the composition of the present invention wherein the tie comprises at least two layers, one of which is formed from the first material and one of which is formed from the second material.
According to a third aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method for preparing the sleeper according to the invention, the method comprising:
and adopting a first extruder to melt and continuously extrude the first material, adopting a second extruder to melt and continuously extrude the second material, extruding an extrusion material (1) of the first material on the lower layer of the laminating grinding tool, extruding an extrusion material (2) of the second material on the upper layer of the extrusion material of the first material, and then carrying out compression molding, forming, cooling, removing a mold and humidifying to obtain the sleeper.
The sleeper of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the raw materials can be the recycled high polymer nylon component of the railway, the mechanical strength is high, the insulativity is good, the price is low, the source is uniform, the cost of the prepared sleeper is low, the performance is stable and controllable, and the environment-friendly concept is satisfied;
(2) the sleeper adopts a two-layer structure, the comprehensive performance is excellent, the upper layer is made of a second material and contains fillers, the strength of the sleeper is ensured, such as high pulling resistance, good creep resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, difficulty in cracking and the like of the railway spike, the lower layer is made of a first material, the sleeper has certain elasticity, after bearing certain load, railway ballasts can be embedded into the sleeper, the transverse resistance of the sleeper is ensured, and meanwhile, the first material does not contain fillers, so that the weight of the sleeper is reduced;
(3) the sleeper prepared by the recycled high polymer nylon component is convenient to later process or repair, threads can be formed in the manufacturing process according to different requirements, holes can be formed in a construction site, and the sleeper can be repaired by filling the drilled holes with filling materials and then forming the holes.
The preparation method of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) when the sleeper is prepared, two extruders are adopted for simultaneous continuous extrusion, so that the production efficiency of the sleeper is greatly improved;
(2) the sleeper is prepared by adopting a mould pressing process, the mould design can be used for designing different structures according to different application road sections such as common railways, heavy railways, urban rail transit and the like, the design and the application are flexible, the structural form is various, and the structure can be optimized by reducing the cross section size at special parts such as non-bearing surfaces of the sleeper, so that the weight can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a sleeper of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art sleeper.
Description of the reference numerals
In fig. 2, 1 is a composite material; 2 is a longitudinal rib.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a sleeper material composition, which comprises a first material and a second material, wherein the first material contains high molecular nylon, an antioxidant and optional auxiliary agents; the second material contains high molecular nylon, an antioxidant, optional auxiliary agents and a filler. The sleeper material composition can form sleeper with high mechanical strength, good insulativity, low price, high spike pulling resistance, good creep resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, difficult cracking, certain elasticity, light weight and easy repair in later period.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first material is a regenerated masterbatch prepared from recycled nylon, wherein the content of high molecular nylon in the regenerated masterbatch is 95-100 parts by weight, 3-5 parts by weight of antioxidant, 1-10 parts by weight of lubricant and 1-10 parts by weight of toughening agent.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the second material contains recycled master batch and inorganic filler, wherein the recycled master batch is 20-80 parts by weight of the recycled master batch, the inorganic filler is 20-80 parts by weight of the recycled master batch, the content of the high molecular nylon in the recycled master batch is 95-100 parts by weight of the high molecular nylon, 3-5 parts by weight of the antioxidant, 1-10 parts by weight of the lubricant and 1-10 parts by weight of the toughening agent.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is preferred that the recycled nylon is prepared from the same recycled masterbatch in the first and second materials.
In the present invention, the polymer nylon is not particularly limited, and may be various polymer nylon materials, and according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polymer nylon is a recycled polymer nylon component crushed material in each of the first material and the second material. The invention can use the recovered high molecular nylon material and has good industrial recycling value.
In the present invention, the antioxidant types may be widely selected, and common antioxidant types may be used in the present invention, and according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the antioxidants are each selected from one or more of hindered phenol compounds, phosphites, hindered amine compounds, copper salts, potassium iodide compounds, and the like, in the first material and the second material.
In the invention, the auxiliary agent is not particularly required, and is preferably selected from one or more of a lubricant and a toughening agent.
In the present invention, the type of the lubricant is not particularly limited, and for the present invention, it is preferable that the lubricant is one or more selected from stearic acid, palmitic acid, pentaerythritol, polyethylene wax, oxidized polyethylene wax, and the like.
In the invention, the type of the toughening agent is not particularly required, and for the invention, the toughening agent is preferably selected from one or more of maleic anhydride grafted POE, maleic anhydride grafted PE and maleic anhydride grafted EPDM.
According to the invention, the content of the auxiliary agent is preferably 3 to 10 parts by weight.
In the present invention, the optional range of the filler is wide, and common fillers can be used in the present invention, and according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filler is selected from one or more of quartz sand, kaolin, mica, wollastonite, and the like.
The first and second materials of the present invention may additionally incorporate other additives commonly used in the art depending on the particular sleeper requirements, and the invention is not illustrated in detail herein.
The present invention provides a tie formed using the composition of the present invention, wherein the tie comprises at least two layers, one of which is formed from the first material and one of which is formed from the second material. The sleeper with the structure has the following advantages:
(1) the raw material is a railway recovered high molecular nylon component, has high mechanical strength, good insulativity, low price and uniform source, and the prepared sleeper has low cost and stable and controllable performance and meets the environment-friendly concept;
(2) the sleeper adopts a two-layer structure, the comprehensive performance is excellent, the upper layer is made of a second material and contains inorganic filler, the strength of the sleeper is ensured, for example, the railway spike has high pulling resistance, good creep resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, difficulty in cracking and the like, the lower layer is made of a first material, has certain elasticity, after bearing a certain load, railway ballasts can be embedded into the sleeper, the transverse resistance of the sleeper is ensured, and meanwhile, the first material does not contain inorganic filler, so that the weight of the sleeper is reduced;
(3) the sleeper prepared by the recycled high polymer nylon component is convenient to later process or repair, threads can be formed in the manufacturing process according to different requirements, holes can be formed in a construction site, and the sleeper can be repaired by filling the drilled holes with filling materials and then forming the holes.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the elastic modulus of the sleeper is more than or equal to 5GPa, preferably 5100-5900MPa.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spike resistance of the sleeper is greater than or equal to 150KN, preferably 160-190KN.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sleeper has the fatigue performance of 300 ten thousand times without crack, partial crush and other anomalies.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sleeper further comprises: the thermal expansion coefficient is less than or equal to 10 multiplied by 10 -5 Preferably, the thermal expansion coefficient is less than or equal to 1X 10 -5 Preferably, the thermal expansion coefficient is 0.05X10 °C -5 /℃-0.6×10 -5 /℃。
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sleeper further comprises: the compressive strength of the bearing rail surface is more than or equal to 15MPa, preferably 19-25MPa.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, for the present invention, it is preferred that the method for preparing a sleeper of the present invention comprises: and adopting a first extruder to melt and continuously extrude the first material, adopting a second extruder to melt and continuously extrude the second material, extruding an extrusion material (1) of the first material on the lower layer of the laminating grinding tool, extruding an extrusion material (2) of the second material on the upper layer of the extrusion material of the first material, and then carrying out compression molding, forming, cooling, removing a mold and humidifying to obtain the sleeper. The method can continuously prepare the large sleeper, and has the following advantages:
(1) when the sleeper is prepared, two extruders are adopted for simultaneous continuous extrusion, so that the production efficiency of the sleeper is greatly improved;
(2) the sleeper is prepared by adopting a mould pressing process, the mould design can be used for designing different structures according to different application road sections such as common railways, heavy railways, urban rail transit and the like, the design and the application are flexible, the structural form is various, and the structure can be optimized by reducing the cross section size at special parts such as non-bearing surfaces of the sleeper, so that the weight can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the extrusion material (1) of the first material occupies 1/4-1/2 of the volume of the die. Thereby further improving the physical and chemical properties of the sleeper.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the extrusion (2) of the second material occupies 1/2-3/4 of the volume of the die. Thereby further improving the physical and chemical properties of the sleeper.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of molding, shaping, cooling, removing the mold, and conditioning includes:
the mould moves at uniform speed when the extruded materials are poured, the upper cover of the mould is buckled after the materials are poured, the mould is compacted by a press machine and then the upper cover is buckled, the mould is moved into a curing zone and is cooled by cooling circulating water, and the cooling time is preferably 8-24 hours; after cooling is finished, cooling water is turned off, the die is removed, the sleeper is taken out, and burrs of the sleeper are removed; placing the sleeper in a water boiling tank for humidity conditioning, wherein the preferable humidity conditioning conditions comprise: the water temperature is 70-100 ℃ and the humidity adjusting time is 2-5h.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, extrusion is performed using a single screw machine or a twin screw machine; and pre-stressing reinforcing steel bars are arranged in the mould in advance.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the first material and the second material comprises:
1) Crushing the recovered high molecular nylon parts, wherein the crushing grain diameter is 10mm-16mm, cleaning the crushed materials, and drying until the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2%;
2) Mixing the crushed materials and the antioxidant in proportion, adding the mixture into a double-screw granulator for granulation, and drying until the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2% to obtain regenerated master batches, namely the first material;
3) And mixing the first material and the filler in proportion to obtain the second material.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method of the invention comprises: crushing the recovered high molecular nylon parts, wherein the crushing particle size is 10-16 mm, cleaning the crushed materials, and removing impurities such as greasy dirt, silt and the like;
drying the crushed material, and performing the next step after the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2%;
crushing material (95-100 parts) and antioxidant (3-5 parts), optionally mixing the modified auxiliary agents according to a proportion, adding the mixture into a double-screw granulator for granulation to prepare regenerated master batch (first material), and drying the regenerated master batch again before use, wherein the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2%;
adding the regenerated master batch into a double-screw extruder 1 for melt extrusion, uniformly feeding an extruded material (1) into a movable die, arranging prestressed reinforcement in the die in advance, wherein the material occupies 1/4-1/2 of the volume of the die;
the method comprises the steps of weighing and mixing the regenerated master batch (70-100 parts) and the inorganic filler (20-30 parts) according to a proportion, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder 2 for melt extrusion, uniformly feeding an extruded material (2) into a movable die, and enabling the material to occupy 1/2-3/4 of the volume of the die;
the mould moves at uniform speed when pouring materials, the upper cover of the mould is buckled after the materials are poured, the mould is compacted by a press machine and then is buckled and locked, the mould is moved into a curing zone and is cooled by cooling circulating water, and the cooling time is 8-24 hours;
after cooling is finished, cooling water is turned off, the die is removed, the sleeper is taken out, and tools such as a wallpaper knife or a trimming knife are used for removing burrs, burrs and the like of the sleeper;
placing the sleeper into a water boiling tank for humidity control, wherein the water temperature is 70-100 ℃ and the humidity control time is 2-5h.
Example 1
1. Putting the V-shaped gauge baffle of the recovered high polymer nylon component into a crusher, crushing the crushed high polymer nylon component into a cleaning tank for cleaning, removing impurities such as greasy dirt and silt, conveying the cleaned material to a centrifugal dehydrator through a conveyor belt, and conveying the cleaned material into a storage bin through a hot air feeding system;
2. putting the crushed materials into drying equipment for drying at the drying temperature of 95 ℃ and putting the crushed materials into the next step when the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2%;
3. 95 parts of dried crushed materials (the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent), 1010,2 parts of antioxidant 168, 8 parts of stearic acid and 3 parts of maleic anhydride grafted POE are added into a high-speed mixer according to the proportion for mixing, and the mixed materials are added into a double-screw granulator for extrusion granulation to prepare regenerated master batches;
4. adding the regenerated master batch (the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2%) into a double-screw extruder 1 for melt extrusion, uniformly feeding extruded materials 1 into a die, arranging prestressed reinforcement in the die in advance, wherein the materials 1 occupy 1/2 of the volume of the die;
5. 70 parts of regenerated master batch (the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent) and 30 parts of quartz sand are added into a double-screw extruder 2 for extrusion, the extruded material 2 evenly enters a die, and the material 2 fills the residual volume of the die;
6. after the material pouring is finished, the upper cover of the die is buckled, the die is compacted by a press machine, then the upper cover is buckled and locked, the press machine pressure is 1500KN, the pressing time is 30min, after the pressing time is up, the die is moved into a curing area, and the die and cooling circulating water are cooled for 24h;
7. after cooling, cooling water is turned off, the die is removed, the sleeper is taken out, burrs, edges and the like of the sleeper are removed by using a trimming cutter, and then the sleeper is put into a water boiling tank for humidity control, wherein the water temperature is 100 ℃, and the humidity control time is 3 hours;
8. and checking the sleeper finished product.
The obtained sleeper structure is shown in fig. 1, the upper layer is extrusion material 2, the lower layer is extrusion material 1, and the two layers are pressed into a whole through the press molding, so that the sleeper structure not only ensures the strength of the sleeper, but also ensures that the sleeper has certain elasticity, and meets the use requirement of the sleeper.
Example 2
1. Putting the V-shaped gauge baffle of the recovered high polymer nylon component into a crusher, crushing the crushed high polymer nylon component into a cleaning tank for cleaning, removing impurities such as greasy dirt and silt, conveying the cleaned material to a centrifugal dehydrator through a conveyor belt, and conveying the cleaned material into a storage bin through a hot air feeding system;
2. putting the crushed materials into drying equipment for drying at the drying temperature of 95 ℃ and putting the crushed materials into the next working procedure when the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2%;
3. 95 parts of dried crushed materials (the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent), 1010,2 parts of antioxidant 168, 8 parts of stearic acid and 3 parts of maleic anhydride grafted POE are added into a high-speed mixer according to the proportion for mixing, and the mixed materials are added into a double-screw granulator for extrusion granulation to prepare regenerated master batches;
4. adding the regenerated master batch (the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2%) into a double-screw extruder 1 for melt extrusion, uniformly feeding extruded materials 1 into a die, arranging prestressed reinforcement in the die in advance, wherein the materials 1 occupy 1/4 of the volume of the die;
5. 80 parts of regenerated master batch (the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent) and 20 parts of quartz sand are added into a double-screw extruder 2 for extrusion, the extruded material 2 evenly enters a die, and the material 2 fills the residual volume of the die;
6. after the material pouring is finished, the upper cover of the die is buckled, the die is compacted by a press machine, then the upper cover is buckled and locked, the press machine pressure is 2000KN, the pressing time is 25min, after the pressing time is up, the die is moved into a curing area, and the die and cooling circulating water are cooled for 12h;
7. after cooling, cooling water is turned off, the die is removed, the sleeper is taken out, burrs, edges and the like of the sleeper are removed by using a trimming cutter, and then the sleeper is put into a water boiling tank for humidity control, wherein the water temperature is 100 ℃, and the humidity control time is 3 hours;
8. and checking the sleeper finished product.
Example 3
1. Putting the V-shaped gauge baffle of the recovered high polymer nylon component into a crusher, crushing the crushed high polymer nylon component into a cleaning tank for cleaning, removing impurities such as greasy dirt and silt, conveying the cleaned material to a centrifugal dehydrator through a conveyor belt, and conveying the cleaned material into a storage bin through a hot air feeding system;
2. putting the crushed materials into drying equipment for drying at the drying temperature of 95 ℃ and putting the crushed materials into the next working procedure when the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2%;
3. 95 parts of dried crushed materials (the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent), 5 parts of antioxidant DNP, 8 parts of polyethylene wax and 3 parts of maleic anhydride grafted EPDM are added into a high-speed mixer according to the proportion to be mixed, and the mixed materials are added into a double-screw granulator to be extruded and granulated to prepare regenerated master batches;
4. adding the regenerated master batch (the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2%) into a double-screw extruder 1 for melt extrusion, uniformly feeding the extruded material 1 into a die, arranging prestressed reinforcement in the die in advance, wherein the material 1 occupies 1/3 of the volume of the die;
5. 75 parts of regenerated master batch (the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent) and 25 parts of inorganic filler fly ash are added into a double-screw extruder 2 for extrusion, the extruded material 2 evenly enters a die, and the material 2 fills the residual volume of the die;
6. after the material pouring is finished, the upper cover of the die is buckled, the die is compacted by a press machine, then the upper cover is buckled and locked, the press machine pressure is 1500KN, the pressing time is 40min, after the pressing time is up, the die is moved into a curing area, and the die and cooling circulating water are cooled for 18h;
7. after cooling, cooling water is turned off, the die is removed, the sleeper is taken out, burrs, edges and the like of the sleeper are removed by using a trimming cutter, and then the sleeper is put into a water boiling tank for humidity control, the water temperature is 85 ℃, and the humidity control time is 4 hours;
8. and checking the sleeper finished product.
Comparative example 1
The procedure of example 1 was followed except that the polymer nylon parts were replaced with high-density polyethylene bottles for daily chemicals.
TABLE 1
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The technical solution of the invention can be subjected to a plurality of simple variants within the scope of the technical idea of the invention. Including the various specific features being combined in any suitable manner. The various possible combinations of the invention are not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. Such simple variations and combinations are likewise to be regarded as being within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A tie material composition comprising a first material and a second material, the first material comprising a polymeric nylon, an antioxidant and optionally an auxiliary agent; the second material contains high molecular nylon, an antioxidant, optional auxiliary agents and a filler.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein,
the first material is a regenerated master batch prepared from recycled nylon, wherein the content of high molecular nylon in the regenerated master batch is 95-100 parts by weight, the content of antioxidant is 3-5 parts by weight, the content of lubricant is 1-10 parts by weight, and the content of toughening agent is 1-10 parts by weight; and/or
The second material comprises 20-80 parts by weight of regenerated master batch and 20-80 parts by weight of inorganic filler, wherein the content of high molecular nylon in the regenerated master batch is 95-100 parts by weight, 3-5 parts by weight of antioxidant, 1-10 parts by weight of lubricant and 1-10 parts by weight of toughening agent;
preferably, in the first material and the second material, the reclaimed nylon is the same as the reclaimed master batch prepared from the reclaimed nylon.
3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,
the auxiliary agent is one or more selected from a lubricant and a toughening agent; and/or
The lubricant is one or more selected from stearic acid, palmitic acid, pentaerythritol, polyethylene wax and oxidized polyethylene wax; and/or
The toughening agent is one or more selected from maleic anhydride grafted POE, maleic anhydride grafted PE and maleic anhydride grafted EPDM; and/or
The antioxidant is selected from one or more of hindered phenol compounds, phosphite esters, hindered amine compounds, copper salts and potassium iodide compounds in the first material and the second material respectively;
the filler is selected from one or more of quartz sand, kaolin, mica and wollastonite.
4. A tie formed from the composition of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the tie comprises at least two layers, one of which is formed from the first material and one of which is formed from the second material.
5. Sleeper according to claim 4, wherein the modulus of elasticity of the sleeper is not less than 5GPa, preferably 5100-5900Mpa; and/or the pulling resistance of the spike is more than or equal to 150KN, preferably 160-190KN; and/or the sleeper assembly fatigue performance is 300 ten thousand times without cracks and partial crush anomalies.
6. The tie as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the tie further comprises: the thermal expansion coefficient is less than or equal to 10 multiplied by 10 -5 Preferably, the thermal expansion coefficient is less than or equal to 1X 10 -5 Preferably, the thermal expansion coefficient is 0.05X10 °C -5 /℃-0.6×10 -5 a/DEG C; the compressive strength of the bearing rail surface is more than or equal to 15MPa, preferably 19-25MPa.
7. A method of making a tie as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, the method comprising:
and adopting a first extruder to melt and continuously extrude the first material, adopting a second extruder to melt and continuously extrude the second material, extruding an extrusion material (1) of the first material on the lower layer of the laminating grinding tool, extruding an extrusion material (2) of the second material on the upper layer of the extrusion material of the first material, and then carrying out compression molding, forming, cooling, removing a mold and humidifying to obtain the sleeper.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein,
the extrusion material (1) of the first material occupies 1/4-1/2 of the volume of the die; and/or
The extrusion material (2) of the second material occupies 1/2-3/4 of the volume of the die; and/or.
9. The production method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the method of compression molding, forming, cooling, removing the mold, and conditioning comprises:
the mould moves at uniform speed when the extruded materials are poured, the upper cover of the mould is buckled after the materials are poured, the mould is compacted by a press machine and then the upper cover is buckled, the mould is moved into a curing zone and is cooled by cooling circulating water, and the cooling time is preferably 8-24 hours;
after cooling is finished, cooling water is turned off, the die is removed, the sleeper is taken out, and burrs of the sleeper are removed;
placing the sleeper in a water boiling tank for humidity conditioning, wherein the preferable humidity conditioning conditions comprise: the water temperature is 70-100 ℃ and the humidity adjusting time is 2-5h.
10. The process according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein,
preparing regenerated master batches by adopting a double-screw extruder, and extruding a first material and a second material by adopting a single-screw extruder; pre-stress steel bars are arranged in the mould in advance;
the preparation method of the first material and the second material comprises the following steps:
1) Crushing the recovered high molecular nylon parts, wherein the crushing grain diameter is 10mm-16mm, cleaning the crushed materials, and drying until the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2%;
2) Mixing the crushed materials, the antioxidant and other optional auxiliary agents in proportion, adding into a double-screw granulator for granulation, preparing regenerated master batch, and drying until the moisture content is less than or equal to 0.2%;
3) Heating and melting the regenerated master batch to obtain the first material;
4) And mixing the regenerated master batch and the filler in proportion to obtain the second material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310560626.7A CN117417632A (en) | 2023-05-18 | 2023-05-18 | Sleeper material composition, sleeper and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310560626.7A CN117417632A (en) | 2023-05-18 | 2023-05-18 | Sleeper material composition, sleeper and preparation method thereof |
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| CN117417632A true CN117417632A (en) | 2024-01-19 |
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| CN202310560626.7A Pending CN117417632A (en) | 2023-05-18 | 2023-05-18 | Sleeper material composition, sleeper and preparation method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117417632A (en) |
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- 2023-05-18 CN CN202310560626.7A patent/CN117417632A/en active Pending
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