CN117415442A - Current-assisted local performance regulation and control method for linear friction welding joint of blisk - Google Patents
Current-assisted local performance regulation and control method for linear friction welding joint of blisk Download PDFInfo
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- CN117415442A CN117415442A CN202311521445.XA CN202311521445A CN117415442A CN 117415442 A CN117415442 A CN 117415442A CN 202311521445 A CN202311521445 A CN 202311521445A CN 117415442 A CN117415442 A CN 117415442A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
A current auxiliary local performance regulation and control method for a linear friction welding joint of a blisk comprises the following steps: preparing a shape correction device; machining a necking transition section at a welding seam; feeding the blisk into a vacuum environment device; an electrode is arranged at the welding seam and is connected with a direct current pulse power supply; the cooling device is connected; sequentially starting a vacuum environment device, a cooling device and a direct current pulse power supply; preserving heat after the temperature reaches a value; adjusting the pulse current value to perform secondary or more times of local heat treatment, and closing the direct current pulse power supply; cooling to normal temperature; restoring normal pressure environment, closing the cooling device, and removing the electrode; repeating the operation to finish the regulation and control of the local performance of other welding seams. The invention utilizes the joule heating effect and the electric induced phase change effect generated by the current passing through the metal to realize the local performance regulation of the welding joint, combines the necking transition section to improve the current density, realizes the precise regulation and control of the microstructure and the mechanical property of the welding joint, and realizes the high-performance and high-quality manufacturing of the titanium alloy linear friction welding fan blisk.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aeroengine part manufacturing, and particularly relates to a current-assisted local performance regulation and control method for a linear friction welding head of a blisk.
Background
The linear friction welding technology is a solid welding method which can generate large plastic deformation on the interface to be welded under the mutual coupling action of metal friction heat generation, plastic deformation heat generation and welding pressure, form compact and fine recrystallization structure and realize good metallurgical bonding.
Compared with fusion welding methods such as laser welding and electron beam welding, the linear friction welding has the advantages that the welding difficult problems such as coarse structure, uneven element distribution and the like are generally avoided because the fusion welding and the solidification processes are not performed, and meanwhile, the linear friction welding has the advantages of compact structure, equivalent mechanical properties to a base metal, stable welding process and quality and the like of a welded joint.
Therefore, linear friction welding technology is widely used in high quality welding of titanium alloy fan blades and disks for aircraft engines to produce high performance blisk components.
In the linear friction welding process of homogeneous/heterogeneous titanium alloy, the highest temperature at the welding interface can reach more than 1200 ℃, the beta phase transition temperature of the titanium alloy is exceeded, and meanwhile, the temperature rising and lowering process is usually completed within tens or tens of seconds due to shorter welding time, so that the welding interface can undergo severe phase transition.
In addition, the large plastic deformation process can also lead to significant tissue refinement of the material at the weld and generate greater residual stresses. The microstructure and mechanical properties of these weld processes are typically controlled by post-weld bulk heat treatment of the blisk.
However, the heat treatment temperature of the welded blisk cannot exceed the aging temperature of the blade and the disc base metal due to the limitation of the heat treatment temperature of the blade and the disc base metal, so that the heat treatment regulation and control effect of the linear friction welding joint is seriously weakened, the tiny tissue at the welding seam grows slowly, a larger microstructure gradient exists between the welding seam and the base metal, and the precise regulation and control of the alpha phase and beta phase morphology and size inside the titanium alloy are difficult to realize at a lower temperature.
In summary, these factors reduce the service performance of titanium alloy linear friction welding fan blisks, thereby affecting the performance index of the aero-engine.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a current-assisted local performance regulation and control method for a blisk linear friction welding head, which utilizes the joule heating effect and the electric induced phase change effect generated by current passing through metal, and processes a necking transition section at a welding joint part through the welding joint part to improve the current density of the welding joint part, realize the local heat treatment of the welding joint part of the blisk linear friction welding, break through the limitation of the heat treatment aging temperature of a blade and a disc body parent metal, promote the effective growth of an excessively fine microstructure at the welding joint part, form good uniform transition with the parent metal, and control the size and the shape of an alpha phase and a beta phase based on a strengthening mechanism of titanium alloy, thereby realizing the accurate regulation and control of the microstructure and the mechanical property of the welding joint and realizing the high-performance and high-quality manufacturing of the blisk of a titanium alloy linear friction welding fan.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a current auxiliary local performance regulation and control method for a linear friction welding joint of a blisk comprises the following steps:
step one: preparing a welding joint local performance regulation and control device, wherein the device comprises a vacuum environment device, a direct current pulse power supply, an electrode, a temperature measuring device and a cooling device;
step two: machining a necking transition section at a welding joint position welding seam of the blade of the integral blade disc and the disc body in a machining mode;
step three: feeding the blisk after the necking transition section is processed into a vacuum environment device, wherein an insulating and heat-insulating platform is preset in the vacuum environment device, and the blisk needs to be fixedly installed on the insulating and heat-insulating platform;
step four: respectively installing upper electrodes at the blade end and the disk body end of the welding seam at the welding joint part, and respectively connecting the electrodes at the two sides of the welding seam at the welding joint part to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current pulse power supply through wires;
step five: connecting a cooling device to the electrode;
step six: starting a vacuum environment device to enable the blisk to be in a vacuum environment;
step seven: starting a cooling device to enable the electrode to be in a cooling state;
step eight: starting a direct current pulse power supply to enable pulse current to flow through the welding joint part, and detecting the temperature of the welding joint part in real time through a temperature measuring device;
step nine: when the temperature of the welding joint part reaches a set value, preserving heat for a set time;
step ten: according to the material tissue evolution rule and performance requirement of the welding joint part, carrying out secondary or more times of local heat treatment by adjusting the pulse current value, then gradually reducing the pulse current value until the pulse current value is zeroed, and then closing a direct current pulse power supply;
step eleven: when the temperature of the welding joint part is reduced to a set value, the normal pressure environment is restored in the vacuum environment device, the cooling device is closed, the electrode is disassembled, and the local performance regulation and control of the welding joint part welding line at the first part of the whole She Panshang are finished;
step twelve: and repeating the fourth step to the eleventh step until the local performance regulation and control work of the weld joints of the rest welding joint parts on the blisk is completed.
The size of the necking transition section is determined according to the electrothermal relation between the blades of the blisk and the parent metal of the blisk body and the heat conducting performance.
The cooling device is connected with the electrode and the monomer shaping tool in an embedded or attached mode, and the cooling medium of the cooling device is water-cooling medium or air-cooling medium.
The temperature measuring device is a contact thermocouple or a non-contact infrared thermometer, and when the temperature measuring device adopts the contact thermocouple, the temperature measuring device is required to be independently installed at the welding joint part after the electrode is installed.
The base metal of the blade and the disc body is a homogeneous alloy or a heterogeneous alloy, and the temperature range of heat preservation is 600-1200 ℃ and the time range of heat preservation is 15-300 min during local performance regulation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the current auxiliary local performance regulation and control method for the blisk linear friction welding head utilizes the Joule heating effect and the electric phase transformation effect generated by the current passing through the metal, and processes the necking transition section at the welding joint part of the welding joint to improve the current density of the welding joint part, realize the local heat treatment of the welding joint part of the blisk of the linear friction welding, break through the limitation of the heat treatment aging temperature by the heat treatment temperature of the blade and the base metal of the disk body, promote the effective growth of the microscopic structure at the welding joint part, form good uniform transition with the base metal, control the sizes and the forms of the alpha phase and the beta phase based on the strengthening mechanism of the titanium alloy, thereby realizing the accurate regulation and control of the microscopic structure and the mechanical property of the welding joint and realizing the high-performance and high-quality manufacturing of the blisk of the titanium alloy linear friction welding fan.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a blisk;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of current assist localized performance tuning of a blisk at a weld joint location;
in the figure, a 1-direct current pulse power supply, a 2-electrode, a 3-blade, a 4-disc body, a 5-necking transition section and a 6-welding joint part welding seam are arranged.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific examples.
A current auxiliary local performance regulation and control method for a linear friction welding joint of a blisk comprises the following steps:
step one: preparing a welding joint local performance regulation and control device, wherein the device comprises a vacuum environment device, a direct current pulse power supply 1, an electrode 2, a temperature measuring device and a cooling device;
step two: a necking transition section 5 is processed at a welding joint part welding line 6 of the blade 3 and the disc body 4 of the blisk shown in fig. 1 in a machining mode, and the size of the necking transition section 5 is determined according to the electrothermal relation and the heat conducting property of the base materials of the blade 3 and the disc body 4 of the blisk; in the embodiment, the necking transition section 5 is processed in a milling mode, the necking transition section 5 forms a reduced diameter small section structure relative to a welding joint part, the groove section of the necking transition section 5 is an arc surface, and the sectional area of a welding seam where the necking transition section 5 is positioned is reduced, so that the current density of the small section can be effectively improved, and the temperature is further rapidly increased;
step three: feeding the blisk processed by the necking transition section 5 into a vacuum environment device, wherein an insulating and heat-insulating platform is preset in the vacuum environment device, and the blisk needs to be fixedly installed on the insulating and heat-insulating platform; in the embodiment, the blisk is mechanically fixed on the insulating and heat-insulating platform by adopting a general-purpose fixture, and a new fixture is not required to be designed and manufactured additionally;
step four: the blade end and the disk body end of the welding seam 6 at the welding joint are respectively provided with an upper electrode 2, and the electrodes 2 at the two sides of the welding seam 6 at the welding joint are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current pulse power supply 1 through leads, as shown in figure 2; in the embodiment, the electrode 2 is a low-resistivity red copper electrode, and is installed in a clamping mode, and the clamping force of the electrode 2 is adjusted in the installation process, so that the ignition in the electrifying process is prevented;
step five: the cooling device is connected with the electrode 2, the electrode 2 is connected with the cooling device in an embedded or attached mode, and the cooling medium of the cooling device is water-cooling medium or air-cooling medium;
step six: starting a vacuum environment device to enable the blisk to be in a vacuum environment; in the present embodiment, when the base material of the blade 3 and the disk 4 is a homogeneous titanium alloy, the vacuum degree is controlled to be not more than 1×10 -2 pa; when the parent metal of the blade 3 and the disk body 4 is TC4/TC17 heterogeneous titanium alloy, the vacuum degree is controlled to be not more than 5 multiplied by 10 -3 pa; adverse conditions such as surface oxidation, hydrogen absorption and the like caused by high temperature during subsequent local heat treatment are prevented;
step seven: starting a cooling device to enable the electrode 2 to be in a cooling state; in this embodiment, by cooling the electrode 2, the temperature of the welded joint part can be prevented from being conducted to the main body parts of the blade and the tray body, and the performance of the blade and the tray body part is prevented from being affected by the local heat treatment high temperature, and the method is particularly used for ensuring that the temperature of the electrode 2 is not more than 100 ℃;
step eight: starting a direct current pulse power supply 1 to enable pulse current to flow through a welding joint part, detecting the temperature of the welding joint part in real time through a temperature measuring device, wherein the temperature measuring device is a contact thermocouple or a non-contact infrared thermometer, and when the temperature measuring device adopts the contact thermocouple, the electrode 2 needs to be independently installed at the welding joint part after the installation is completed; in the embodiment, the pulse current of the direct current pulse power supply 1 can be adjusted within the range of 0-30000A;
step nine: when the temperature of the welding joint part reaches a set value, preserving heat for a set time; the base materials of the blades 3 and the tray body 4 are of a homogeneous alloy or a heterogeneous alloy, and the temperature range of heat preservation is 600-1200 ℃ and the time range of heat preservation is 15-300 min during local performance regulation; in the embodiment, when the base materials of the blade 3 and the disk body 4 are the homogeneous titanium alloy, the temperature of heat preservation is controlled to be 630-1100 ℃, and the time of heat preservation is controlled to be 30-180 min; when the parent metal of the blade 3 and the disc body 4 is TC4/TC17 heterogeneous titanium alloy, the heat preservation temperature is controlled to be 800-900 ℃, and the heat preservation time is controlled to be 60-90 min;
step ten: according to the material tissue evolution rule and performance requirement of the welding joint part, carrying out secondary or more times of local heat treatment by adjusting the pulse current value, then gradually reducing the pulse current value until the pulse current value is zeroed, and then closing the direct current pulse power supply 1; in this embodiment, when the base materials of the blade 3 and the disk body 4 are made of homogeneous titanium alloy, the local heat treatment is performed only once; when the parent metal of the blade 3 and the disc body 4 is TC4/TC17 heterogeneous titanium alloy, carrying out secondary local heat treatment, and reducing the pulse current value to lower the temperature to 630-650 ℃, wherein the heat preservation time is controlled to be 60-90 min;
step eleven: when the temperature of the welding joint part is reduced to a set value, the normal pressure environment is restored in the vacuum environment device, the cooling device is closed, the electrode 2 is disassembled, and the local performance regulation and control of the welding joint part weld joint 6 at the first part of the whole She Panshang are finished; in the embodiment, when the base materials of the blade 3 and the disk body 4 are made of homogeneous titanium alloy, the temperature of the welding joint part is reduced to below 150 ℃, and then the normal pressure environment of the vacuum environment device is restored; when the parent metal of the blade 3 and the disc body 4 is TC4/TC17 heterogeneous titanium alloy, the temperature of the welding joint part is reduced to below 100 ℃, and then the normal pressure environment of the vacuum environment device is restored;
step twelve: and repeating the fourth step to the eleventh step until the local performance regulation and control work of the weld joints 6 of the rest welding joints on the blisk is completed.
The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather are intended to cover all equivalent implementations or modifications that can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A current-assisted local performance regulation and control method for a linear friction welding joint of a blisk is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one: preparing a welding joint local performance regulation and control device, wherein the device comprises a vacuum environment device, a direct current pulse power supply, an electrode, a temperature measuring device and a cooling device;
step two: machining a necking transition section at a welding joint position welding seam of the blade of the integral blade disc and the disc body in a machining mode;
step three: feeding the blisk after the necking transition section is processed into a vacuum environment device, wherein an insulating and heat-insulating platform is preset in the vacuum environment device, and the blisk needs to be fixedly installed on the insulating and heat-insulating platform;
step four: respectively installing upper electrodes at the blade end and the disk body end of the welding seam at the welding joint part, and respectively connecting the electrodes at the two sides of the welding seam at the welding joint part to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the direct current pulse power supply through wires;
step five: connecting a cooling device to the electrode;
step six: starting a vacuum environment device to enable the blisk to be in a vacuum environment;
step seven: starting a cooling device to enable the electrode to be in a cooling state;
step eight: starting a direct current pulse power supply to enable pulse current to flow through the welding joint part, and detecting the temperature of the welding joint part in real time through a temperature measuring device;
step nine: when the temperature of the welding joint part reaches a set value, preserving heat for a set time;
step ten: according to the material tissue evolution rule and performance requirement of the welding joint part, carrying out secondary or more times of local heat treatment by adjusting the pulse current value, then gradually reducing the pulse current value until the pulse current value is zeroed, and then closing a direct current pulse power supply;
step eleven: when the temperature of the welding joint part is reduced to a set value, the normal pressure environment is restored in the vacuum environment device, the cooling device is closed, the electrode is disassembled, and the local performance regulation and control of the welding joint part welding line at the first part of the whole She Panshang are finished;
step twelve: and repeating the fourth step to the eleventh step until the local performance regulation and control work of the weld joints of the rest welding joint parts on the blisk is completed.
2. The method for regulating and controlling the current auxiliary local performance of the linear friction welding head of the blisk according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the size of the necking transition section is determined according to the electrothermal relation between the blades of the blisk and the parent metal of the blisk body and the heat conducting performance.
3. The method for regulating and controlling the current auxiliary local performance of the linear friction welding head of the blisk according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the cooling device is connected with the electrode and the monomer shaping tool in an embedded or attached mode, and the cooling medium of the cooling device is water-cooling medium or air-cooling medium.
4. The method for regulating and controlling the current auxiliary local performance of the linear friction welding head of the blisk according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the temperature measuring device is a contact thermocouple or a non-contact infrared thermometer, and when the temperature measuring device adopts the contact thermocouple, the temperature measuring device is required to be independently installed at the welding joint part after the electrode is installed.
5. The method for regulating and controlling the current auxiliary local performance of the linear friction welding head of the blisk according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the base metal of the blade and the disc body is a homogeneous alloy or a heterogeneous alloy, and the temperature range of heat preservation is 600-1200 ℃ and the time range of heat preservation is 15-300 min during local performance regulation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311521445.XA CN117415442A (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | Current-assisted local performance regulation and control method for linear friction welding joint of blisk |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311521445.XA CN117415442A (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | Current-assisted local performance regulation and control method for linear friction welding joint of blisk |
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| CN117415442A true CN117415442A (en) | 2024-01-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311521445.XA Pending CN117415442A (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | Current-assisted local performance regulation and control method for linear friction welding joint of blisk |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117415442A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-11-15 CN CN202311521445.XA patent/CN117415442A/en active Pending
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