CN117411303B - Slow-starting circuit for energy storage converter and working method thereof - Google Patents

Slow-starting circuit for energy storage converter and working method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117411303B
CN117411303B CN202311716935.5A CN202311716935A CN117411303B CN 117411303 B CN117411303 B CN 117411303B CN 202311716935 A CN202311716935 A CN 202311716935A CN 117411303 B CN117411303 B CN 117411303B
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voltage difference
optocoupler
slow
mos transistor
oring
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CN117411303A (en
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傅凯
夏加锐
柯锦
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Shanghai Sige New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Sige New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36Means for starting or stopping converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0038Circuits or arrangements for suppressing, e.g. by masking incorrect turn-on or turn-off signals, e.g. due to current spikes in current mode control
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/327Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34Snubber circuits
    • H02M1/348Passive dissipative snubbers

Abstract

The invention relates to a slow-starting circuit for an energy storage converter and a working method thereof, wherein the slow-starting circuit comprises an optical coupler, an adjustable resistor and an Oring circuit, the adjustable resistor is connected in series with the primary side of the optical coupler, the secondary side of the optical coupler is connected with a first MOS tube of the Oring circuit, and the slow-starting circuit can improve the working reliability of the energy storage converter, save the cost of devices and realize the light weight of the device circuit. According to the working method of the slow-start circuit, the impact current is controlled by detecting the voltage difference of the two sides of the first MOS tube of the Oring circuit and further controlling the on-off of the drive, and heat accumulation of the MOS tube can be reduced by switching on for multiple times, so that devices are effectively protected.

Description

Slow-starting circuit for energy storage converter and working method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage conversion equipment, in particular to a slow-start circuit for an energy storage converter and a working method thereof.
Background
The DCDC energy storage converter is a device that converts high-voltage direct current into low-voltage direct current on the battery side by using a power electronic device circuit to charge a battery or converts low-voltage direct current of the battery into high-voltage direct current. In a slow-starting circuit at the battery side of the DCDC energy storage converter, an Oring Mos tube, a current-limiting resistor and a relay are generally connected in parallel to form a slow-starting circuit for battery measurement, the current-limiting resistor and the relay form a pre-charging branch, the relay is firstly turned on during pre-charging, an internal capacitor is charged through the current-limiting resistor, and then the Oring Mos tube is turned on, so that the impact current can be controlled to be smaller. However, the current limiting resistor is usually a cement resistor, so that the volume is large, the relay is easy to fail, and once the pre-charging branch circuit has device damage, the battery cannot discharge, so that the system operation is affected.
Therefore, how to optimize the structure of the slow-start circuit of the energy storage converter so as to save the product space and provide the working reliability of the product is a technical problem aimed at by the application.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a snubber circuit for an energy storage converter and a method of operating the same, which can improve the operational reliability of the energy storage converter, save the cost of the device, and reduce the weight of the device circuit.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a slow-starting circuit for an energy storage converter, which comprises an optical coupler, an adjustable resistor and an Oring circuit, wherein the adjustable resistor is connected in series with the primary side of the optical coupler, and the secondary side of the optical coupler is connected with a first MOS tube of the Oring circuit.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a voltage detection unit is arranged in front of and behind the first MOS tube of the Oring circuit, and is used for detecting the front-back voltage difference of the first MOS tube and adjusting the driving current according to the front-back voltage difference of the first MOS tube.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the control input of the energy storage converter is connected to the adjustable resistor via a second MOS transistor.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the control input end of the energy storage converter is connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube, the source electrode of the second MOS tube is grounded, the drain electrode of the second MOS tube is connected with one side of the adjustable resistor, and the other side of the adjustable resistor is connected with the optocoupler.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a starting capacitor is connected in parallel on a connecting line of the secondary side of the optocoupler and the first MOS tube.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a second protection resistor is arranged on the secondary side of the optocoupler, the secondary side of the optocoupler is connected with one side of the second protection resistor, the other side of the second protection resistor is connected with the first MOS tube, one side of the starting capacitor is connected with the other side of the second protection resistor, and the other side of the starting capacitor is connected with the first MOS tube.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a third protection resistor is further arranged on the secondary side of the optocoupler, one side of the third protection resistor is connected with the other side of the second protection resistor, and the other side of the third protection resistor is connected with the other side of the starting capacitor.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the energy storage converter comprises an energy storage battery and an output capacitor, wherein the grid electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the secondary side of the optocoupler, the drain electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery, the source electrode of the first MOS tube is connected with one side of the output capacitor, and the other side of the output capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage battery.
In particular, the invention provides a working method of a slow-start circuit for an energy storage converter, wherein the slow-start circuit adopts the structure as described above, and the working method comprises the following working steps:
detecting a voltage difference Vds between a source electrode and a drain electrode of a first MOS tube, recording the voltage difference between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube in an unactuated state, and recording the voltage difference as an initial voltage difference Vds_0;
an original side of the optocoupler inputs an order driving instruction, when the real-time voltage difference Vds is detected to be smaller than k times of an initial voltage difference Vds_0, the original side of the optocoupler inputs an order turning-off instruction, and the voltage difference between a source electrode and a drain electrode of the first MOS tube when the order turning-off instruction is input is refreshed and recorded and is recorded as an intermediate voltage difference Vds_0';
after a period of time, inputting an order driving instruction from the primary side of the optocoupler again until the real-time voltage difference Vds is detected to be smaller than k times of the intermediate voltage difference Vds_0', inputting an order turn-off instruction from the primary side of the optocoupler, refreshing again and recording the voltage difference between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube when the order turn-off instruction is input, repeating the steps until the input of the order driving instruction is maintained after a preset slow-off condition is reached, and completing the slow-off of the energy storage converter.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, k has a constant value between 0 and 1.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the preset slow-start condition is that the voltage difference Vds between the source and the drain of the first MOS transistor is smaller than the set minimum voltage difference vds_min, and after the preset slow-start condition is reached, the Oring driving instruction is sent, and then the Oring shutdown instruction is not sent, so that slow-start is completed.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the preset slow-start condition is that the number of times of repeatedly inputting the Oring driving instruction and the Oring turn-off instruction from the primary side of the optocoupler exceeds a specified number of times n_max, and after the preset slow-start condition is reached, the Oring driving instruction is sent, and then the Oring turn-off instruction is not sent, so that slow-start is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the slow-start circuit for the energy storage converter and the working method thereof have the advantages that:
the slow-starting circuit is used for an energy storage converter, an optical coupler is used for driving an Oring circuit, the primary side current limiting of the optical coupler is realized by combining and controlling the resistance value of an adjustable resistor on the primary side of the optical coupler, and further the control of the output current on the secondary side of the optical coupler is realized, so that the purpose of increasing the turn-on time of the Oring circuit can be achieved without setting a large starting capacitor when the Oring circuit is started, and the impact current is effectively reduced. That is, the on time of the Oring circuit can be increased by not increasing the start-up capacitance, while reducing the rush current without increasing the Oring off time.
In addition, according to the working method of the slow-start circuit, through detecting the voltage difference of the two sides of the first MOS tube of the Oring circuit, the impact current is controlled in a driving on-off control mode, heat accumulation of the MOS tube can be reduced through multiple switching-on, and devices are effectively protected.
Drawings
Some specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail hereinafter by way of example and not by way of limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts or portions. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a slow-start circuit according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of a method of operating a slow-start circuit according to another embodiment of the invention.
The reference numerals are as follows:
u1, an optical coupler; r1, an adjustable resistor; r2, a second protection resistor; r3, a third protection resistor; q1, a first MOS tube; q2, a second MOS tube; a Battery, energy storage Battery; co, output capacitance.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Examples
The embodiment describes a slow-start circuit for an energy storage converter, which is used for the energy storage converter, as shown in fig. 1, wherein the slow-start circuit comprises an optocoupler U1, an adjustable resistor R1 and an Oring circuit, the adjustable resistor R1 is connected in series with the primary side of the optocoupler U1, and the secondary side of the optocoupler U1 is connected with a first MOS transistor Q1 of the Oring circuit.
In one embodiment, a voltage detection unit is disposed before and after the first MOS transistor Q1 of the Oring circuit, and is configured to detect a front-to-back voltage difference of the first MOS transistor Q1, and adjust the driving current according to the front-to-back voltage difference of the first MOS transistor Q1. In this embodiment, the voltage of the source and the voltage of the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1 are collected, so as to realize further method control according to the voltage difference Vds between the source and the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1. The impact current is controlled by detecting the voltage difference of the two sides of the first MOS tube Q1 of the Oring circuit and controlling the on-off of the drive, and the heat accumulation of the MOS tube can be reduced by switching on for multiple times, so that the device is effectively protected.
Under one embodiment, the control input end of the energy storage converter is connected with the adjustable resistor R1 through the second MOS transistor Q2, the control input end of the energy storage converter is connected with the gate of the second MOS transistor Q2, the source electrode of the second MOS transistor Q2 is grounded, the drain electrode of the second MOS transistor Q2 is connected with one side of the adjustable resistor R1, and the other side of the adjustable resistor R1 is connected with the optocoupler U1.
In one embodiment, a starting capacitor is connected in parallel to a connection line between the secondary side of the optocoupler U1 and the first MOS transistor Q1. The secondary side of the optocoupler U1 is provided with a second protection resistor R2, the secondary side of the optocoupler U1 is connected with one side of the second protection resistor R2, the other side of the second protection resistor R2 is connected with the first MOS tube Q1, one side of the starting capacitor is connected with the other side of the second protection resistor R2, and the other side of the starting capacitor is connected with the first MOS tube Q1.
In addition, a third protection resistor R3 is further disposed on the secondary side of the optocoupler U1, one side of the third protection resistor R3 is connected to the other side of the second protection resistor R2, and the other side of the third protection resistor R3 is connected to the other side of the starting capacitor.
Under an implementation mode, the energy storage converter comprises an energy storage Battery and an output capacitor Co, the grid electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected with the secondary side of the optocoupler U1, the drain electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage Battery, the source electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 is connected with one side of the output capacitor Co, and the other side of the output capacitor Co is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage Battery.
The slow-start circuit is used for an energy storage converter, and is used for driving an Oring circuit by adopting an optocoupler U1, and the primary side current limiting of the optocoupler U1 is realized by combining and controlling the resistance value of an adjustable resistor R1 on the primary side of the optocoupler U1, so that the control of the output current on the secondary side of the optocoupler U1 is realized, and the aim of increasing the turn-on time of the Oring circuit can be achieved without selecting a large capacitance value when the Oring circuit is started, thereby effectively reducing the impact current. That is, the on time of the Oring circuit can be increased by not increasing the start-up capacitance, while reducing the rush current without increasing the Oring off time.
Examples
The embodiment describes a working method of a slow-start circuit for an energy storage converter, wherein the slow-start circuit adopts the structure as described in embodiment 1, and a voltage detection unit is disposed before and after a first MOS transistor Q1 of the Oring circuit, and is configured to detect a front-back voltage difference of the first MOS transistor Q1, and adjust a driving current according to the front-back voltage difference of the first MOS transistor Q1.
The working method of the slow-start circuit for the energy storage converter of the embodiment comprises the following working steps, as shown in fig. 2:
detecting a voltage difference Vds between a source electrode and a drain electrode of the first MOS tube Q1, recording the voltage difference between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 in an unactuated state, and recording the voltage difference as an initial voltage difference Vds_0;
an original side of the optocoupler U1 inputs an order driving instruction, when the real-time voltage difference Vds is detected to be smaller than k times of an initial voltage difference Vds_0, the original side of the optocoupler U1 inputs an order turning-off instruction, the voltage difference between a source electrode and a drain electrode of the first MOS transistor Q1 when the order turning-off instruction is input is refreshed and recorded, and the voltage difference is recorded as an intermediate voltage difference Vds_0', wherein the value of k is a constant between 0 and 1, sampling delay and turn-off delay can be considered, and k can be a constant between 0.8 and 0.9;
after a period of time, inputting an Oring driving instruction from the primary side of the optocoupler U1 again until the fact that the real-time voltage difference Vds is smaller than k times of the intermediate voltage difference Vds_0' is detected, inputting an Oring turn-off instruction from the primary side of the optocoupler U1, refreshing and recording the voltage difference between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube Q1 when the Oring turn-off instruction is input again, and repeating the steps until the input of the Oring driving instruction is kept after a preset slow-start condition is reached, wherein slow-start of the energy storage converter is completed;
in one embodiment, the preset slow-start condition is that the voltage difference Vds between the source and the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1 is smaller than the set minimum voltage difference vds_min, and after the preset slow-start condition is reached, the order driving instruction is sent, and then the order turn-off instruction is not sent, so that slow-start is completed.
In another embodiment, the preset slow-start condition is that the number of times of repeatedly inputting the Oring driving instruction and the Oring turn-off instruction from the primary side of the optocoupler U1 exceeds a specified number of times n_max, and after the preset slow-start condition is met, the Oring driving instruction is sent, and then the Oring turn-off instruction is not sent any more, so that slow-start is completed.
When the energy storage converter is buffered based on the structure of the buffering circuit described in embodiment 1, the front-back voltages Vbo and Vao of the first MOS transistor Q1 of the Oring circuit are detected in real time, and the real-time voltage difference Vds of Oring can be obtained by subtracting. The Oring driving instruction and the Oring turn-off instruction are generally sent by an external control singlechip, and the initial voltage difference Vds_0 is calculated before the singlechip sends the instruction; then the singlechip sends an order driving instruction to the second MOS tube Q2, when the first MOS tube Q1 of the order circuit reaches the Miller platform, the real-time value of the voltage difference Vds starts to decline, and meanwhile, the current flowing through the first MOS tube Q1 also rises rapidly, and the loss generated in the voltage-current overlapping area is larger. If the first MOS transistor Q1 is turned off by sending an order turn-off command after detecting that the real-time voltage difference Vds is lower than k times (k < 1) of the initial voltage difference vds_0, the continuous rise of the impact current at the first MOS transistor Q1 can be prevented. The voltage difference between the source and the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1 when the order turn-off command is input is refreshed and recorded, and is recorded as an intermediate voltage difference vds_0', after a certain time td (td is determined by the size of the output capacitor Co, in principle, the voltage drop on the output capacitor Co between two orders of order driving is guaranteed to be very small, and td is in millisecond level generally), the singlechip re-outputs the order driving command, and since the output capacitor Co of the energy storage converter is far larger than the order driving capacitor C1, td can be properly lengthened. Meanwhile, since Vds is smaller than before, the impact current is correspondingly reduced, the original side of the optocoupler U1 inputs the order driving instruction again until the real-time voltage difference Vds is detected to be smaller than k times of the intermediate voltage difference vds_0', namely, the original side of the optocoupler U1 inputs the order turn-off instruction, the voltage difference between the source and the drain of the first MOS transistor Q1 when the order turn-off instruction is input is refreshed and recorded again, and the process is repeated until the real-time voltage difference Vds is smaller than the minimum voltage difference vds_min, or the repetition number exceeds the specified number n_max, the order turn-off instruction is not transmitted after the singlechip transmits the order driving instruction at this time, and the slow-down is completed. Through the method, the maximum impact current in the starting process can be reduced, and the heat accumulation of the MOS tube in the energy storage converter can also be reduced.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the same, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. The working method of the slow-starting circuit for the energy storage converter is characterized in that the slow-starting circuit comprises an optocoupler, an adjustable resistor and an Oring circuit, wherein the adjustable resistor is connected in series with the primary side of the optocoupler, and the secondary side of the optocoupler is connected with a first MOS tube of the Oring circuit, and the working method comprises the following working steps:
detecting a voltage difference Vds between a source electrode and a drain electrode of a first MOS tube, recording the voltage difference between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube in an unactuated state, and recording the voltage difference as an initial voltage difference Vds_0;
an original side of the optocoupler inputs an order driving instruction, when the real-time voltage difference Vds is detected to be smaller than k times of an initial voltage difference Vds_0, the original side of the optocoupler inputs an order turning-off instruction, and the voltage difference between a source electrode and a drain electrode of the first MOS tube when the order turning-off instruction is input is refreshed and recorded and is recorded as an intermediate voltage difference Vds_0';
after a period of time, inputting an order driving instruction from the primary side of the optocoupler again until the real-time voltage difference Vds is detected to be smaller than k times of the intermediate voltage difference Vds_0', inputting an order turn-off instruction from the primary side of the optocoupler, refreshing again and recording the voltage difference between the source electrode and the drain electrode of the first MOS tube when the order turn-off instruction is input, repeating the steps until the input of the order driving instruction is maintained after a preset slow-off condition is reached, and completing the slow-off of the energy storage converter.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein k is a constant between 0 and 1.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the preset slow-start condition is that a voltage difference Vds between a source and a drain of the first MOS transistor is smaller than a set minimum voltage difference vds_min, and after the preset slow-start condition is met, an Oring driving instruction is sent, and then an Oring shutdown instruction is not sent, so that slow-start is completed.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the preset slow-start condition is that the number of times of inputting the Oring driving instruction and the Oring off instruction from the primary side of the optocoupler is repeated to exceed a specified number of times n_max, and after the preset slow-start condition is reached, the Oring driving instruction is sent, and then the Oring off instruction is not sent, so that the slow-start is completed.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a voltage detection unit is disposed before and after a first MOS transistor of the Oring circuit, and is configured to detect a front-to-back voltage difference of the first MOS transistor, and adjust a driving current according to the front-to-back voltage difference of the first MOS transistor.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the control input of the energy storage converter is further connected to the adjustable resistor via a second MOS transistor.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the control input terminal of the energy storage converter is connected to the gate of the second MOS transistor, the source of the second MOS transistor is grounded, the drain of the second MOS transistor is connected to one side of the adjustable resistor, and the other side of the adjustable resistor is connected to the optocoupler.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein a start capacitor is connected in parallel to a connection line between the secondary side of the optocoupler and the first MOS transistor.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein a second protection resistor is disposed on a secondary side of the optocoupler, the secondary side of the optocoupler is connected to one side of the second protection resistor, the other side of the second protection resistor is connected to the first MOS transistor, one side of the starting capacitor is connected to the other side of the second protection resistor, and the other side of the starting capacitor is connected to the first MOS transistor.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein a third protection resistor is further disposed on a secondary side of the optocoupler, one side of the third protection resistor is connected to the other side of the second protection resistor, and the other side of the third protection resistor is connected to the other side of the start capacitor.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the energy storage converter comprises an energy storage battery and an output capacitor, the gate of the first MOS transistor is connected to the secondary side of the optocoupler, the drain of the first MOS transistor is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage battery, the source of the first MOS transistor is connected to one side of the output capacitor, and the other side of the output capacitor is connected to the negative electrode of the energy storage battery.
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CN112994461A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-06-18 浙江高泰昊能科技有限公司 DC-DC isolation power supply circuit and working method thereof
CN216929868U (en) * 2022-03-24 2022-07-08 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 Input protecting circuit for anti-impact MOS tube

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