CN117404253A - Vertical shaft floating type offshore wind power generation equipment and working control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vertical-axis floating type offshore wind power generation device and a working control method thereof, wherein the device comprises a floating body, a bottom tower, an upper tower, a vertical-axis wind power generation device, a control mechanism, an energy storage battery, a mooring anchor chain and a submarine cable, wherein the bottom tower is arranged at the upper end of the floating body; the control mechanism and the energy storage battery are positioned in the accommodation cabin, and the control mechanism can control the movement of the blade mechanism; the mooring anchor chain is connected with the floating body; the submarine cable is used for output power generation.

Description

Vertical shaft floating type offshore wind power generation equipment and working control method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power, in particular to vertical shaft floating type offshore wind power generation equipment and a working control method thereof.

Background

With the development of offshore wind power industry in China, the development and utilization of offshore wind power resources are approaching saturation, and the development to deep sea is becoming the global offshore wind power layout direction. Because deep sea water degree of depth is big, and sometimes the degree of depth reaches more than 100 meters, adopts fixed structural design construction degree of difficulty to be difficult for also being unfavorable for subsequent maintenance, adopts the effective means of floating formula to solve this problem, and floats the formula fan and can accomplish the equipment on land and launch again and wholly transport to the design position, has removed the hoist and mount operation at the high degree of difficulty of offshore, and the structure wholly need not to set up into mud pile foundation, is difficult for receiving the direct influence of natural disasters such as ocean earthquake and submarine landslide, has a great deal of advantage. However, the biggest challenge faced by the deep-open sea area is that the wind speed of typhoons is larger, and the wave height of extreme sea conditions is worse, which is a technical difficulty that must be solved in making deep-open sea floating wind turbines.

At present, a wind generating set in a marine ascending electric field mostly adopts a horizontal axis wind driven generator, and the wind driven generator has the advantages that the wind sweeping area of a fan blade is large, air flow can be concentrated, the air flow speed is increased and the like, but a cabin and the fan blade are arranged at the top of a tower, a tower with a larger diameter is needed to ensure the structural strength of the wind driven generator, and the mass of the wind driven generator is relatively larger at the top of the structure, so that the overturning moment of the whole structure is increased, and the integral anti-overturning performance of the wind driven generator under the condition of extreme weather such as typhoon and the like is needed to be considered, so that the current floating wind driven generator mostly adopts a semi-submersible foundation form with a larger floating body structure. At present, floating fan test units which are put into operation in a grid-connected mode, such as 'three gorges leading up number', 'supporting and shaking up number' and 'sea oil wave-pulling up number', are all in the basic form, the design is very complex, the manufacturing cost of a single fan is high, and therefore the floating fan is difficult to be widely adopted at the present stage, and the cost reduction and efficiency improvement of an offshore wind farm are also difficult to realize.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a vertical axis floating type offshore wind power generation device and a working control method thereof, which have the advantages of simple construction, controllable cost, high power generation efficiency and simple maintenance.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a vertical axis floating type offshore wind power generation device, comprising a floating body, a bottom tower, an upper tower, a vertical axis wind power generation device, a control mechanism, an energy storage battery, a mooring anchor chain and a submarine cable, wherein the bottom tower is arranged at the upper end of the floating body, a containing cabin is arranged in the bottom tower, the upper tower is arranged at the upper end of the bottom tower, the vertical axis wind power generation device comprises a rotating shaft, a blade mechanism and a generator set, the generator set is arranged in the containing cabin of the bottom tower, the bottom end of the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the generator set, the top end of the rotating shaft penetrates through and extends out of the upper tower, the blade mechanism comprises a ring frame fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating shaft, a mechanical arm mounted on the ring frame, and a fan blade mounted on the mechanical arm, the ring frame is rotatably mounted on the top end of the upper tower, and the mechanical arm can move and change the horizontal distance between the fan blade and the rotating shaft; the control mechanism and the energy storage battery are arranged in the accommodating cabin of the bottom tower, and the control mechanism is in control connection with the blade mechanism and can drive the mechanical arm to move; the energy storage battery is respectively connected with the blade mechanism and the control mechanism to supply power; the mooring anchor chain is connected to the floating body; the submarine cable is connected with the generator set and used for outputting electric energy.

Further, the floating body is internally provided with a water tank and further comprises a water pump mechanism for controlling water replenishing and draining of the water tank, and the control mechanism is in control connection with the water pump mechanism.

Further, the mechanical arm of the blade mechanism is fixedly connected to the ring frame, the mechanical arm is telescopic, and the telescopic movement of the mechanical arm is controlled by the control mechanism.

Further, the fan blade is rotatably installed on the mechanical arm, the rotation axis of the fan blade is parallel to the rotation axis, the mechanical arm is provided with an angle limiting structure for limiting the rotation range of the fan blade, or the mechanical arm is provided with a windward angle adjusting component for driving the fan blade to rotate, and the control mechanism is connected with the windward angle adjusting component in a control mode.

Further, the control mechanism comprises a remote monitoring platform, the remote monitoring platform is connected with the wireless controller in a wireless communication mode, and the remote monitoring platform is connected with a submarine optical fiber which is used for being connected with land communication.

Further, the blade mechanism comprises a wireless controller, the wireless controller can control the movement of the mechanical arm, and the remote monitoring platform is in wireless communication with the wireless controller.

Further, the bottom tower is in a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the upper end of the bottom tower is smaller than that of the lower end of the bottom tower.

Further, the device also comprises a speed reducing mechanism arranged in the accommodation cabin of the bottom tower, the speed reducing mechanism is provided with a movable brake pad, the control mechanism is connected with the speed reducing mechanism and can control the brake pad to move to contact with or separate from the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft, and the brake pad is in friction contact with the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft.

Further, the vertical axis wind power generation device further comprises a transformer arranged in the accommodation cabin of the bottom tower, the transformer is connected with the generator set, and the submarine cable is connected with the transformer.

The invention also provides a working control method of the offshore wind power generation equipment, which comprises the following steps:

s1, judging whether the offshore wind power generation equipment has a capsizing risk or not according to weather information of the sea area where the offshore wind power generation equipment is located;

s2, if the offshore wind power generation equipment has the overturning risk, dangerous information is transmitted to the control mechanism, the blade mechanism is controlled to be switched to a furled state, the mechanical arm moves and enables the fan blade to be close to the upper tower, and the overturning risk is reduced;

s3, if the offshore wind power generation equipment does not have the overturning risk, wind information is transmitted to the control mechanism, and the blade mechanism is controlled to be kept in an unfolding state to perform normal power generation.

As described above, the offshore wind power generation device and the operation control method thereof according to the present invention have the following advantageous effects:

1. the vertical axis wind driven generator is simple in structure, convenient to manufacture, controllable in cost, higher in efficiency than the horizontal axis wind driven generator, free of a wind aligning device, capable of directly corresponding to any wind direction and simple to maintain.

2. Compared with the existing horizontal shaft floating type fan, the structure is simple, the gravity center is moved downwards compared with the whole horizontal shaft fan, the overturning moment of the gravity center can be reduced, the problem of typhoon resistance of the traditional horizontal shaft floating type fan can be effectively reduced, further, the floating type fan foundation is changed from a larger semi-submersible type foundation to a smaller column type foundation under the condition that conditions allow, the fan can be applied to deeper sea areas, the diameter of a fan tower steel pipe is reduced, the design difficulty and the manufacturing cost are reduced, and the large-scale application of the floating type fan is promoted.

3. The blade mechanism of the vertical axis wind power generation device can be folded and unfolded, the risk of structural overturning is further reduced by contracting the fan blade in severe typhoon climate, the windward angle of the fan blade is adjustable, and the power generation efficiency of the fan is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the offshore wind power plant of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the inside of the bottom tower in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper tower of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the vane mechanism in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the ring frame in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the offshore wind power generation device of the present invention when the blade mechanism is folded.

Fig. 7 is a flow chart of the operation control method of the offshore wind power plant in the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1. Floating body

2. Bottom tower

21. Accommodating nacelle

22. Lower plate type flange

3. Upper tower

31. Upper plate type flange

4. Vertical axis wind power generation device

41. Rotating shaft

42. Blade mechanism

421. Ring frame

422. Mechanical arm

423. Fan blade

424. Wireless controller

425. Cover plate

426. Connecting rod

427. Bearing

428. Loose flange

43. Generating set

44. Transformer

5. Mooring anchor chain

6. Submarine cable

7. Submarine optical fiber

8. Remote monitoring platform

9. Speed reducing mechanism

Detailed Description

Further advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention, which is described by the following specific examples.

It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the extent that it can be practiced, since modifications, changes in the proportions, or adjustments of the sizes, which are otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, are included in the spirit and scope of the invention which is otherwise, without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Also, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", etc. are used herein for convenience of description, but are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and the relative changes or modifications are not to be construed as essential to the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a vertical axis floating type offshore wind power generation device, comprising a floating body 1, a bottom tower 2, an upper tower 3, a vertical axis wind power generation device 4, a control mechanism, an energy storage battery, a mooring anchor chain 5 and a submarine cable 6, wherein the bottom tower 2 is arranged at the upper end of the floating body 1, a containing cabin 21 is arranged in the bottom tower 3, the vertical axis wind power generation device 4 comprises a rotating shaft 41, a blade mechanism 42 and a generator set 43, the generator set 43 is arranged in the containing cabin 21 of the bottom tower 2, the bottom end of the rotating shaft 41 is in transmission connection with the generator set 43, the top end penetrates through and extends out of the upper tower 3, the blade mechanism 42 comprises a ring frame 421 fixedly connected at the top end of the rotating shaft 41, a mechanical arm 422 mounted on the ring frame 421, and a fan blade 423 mounted on the mechanical arm 422, the mechanical arm 422 can move and change the horizontal distance between the fan blade 423 and the rotating shaft 41; the control mechanism and the energy storage battery are arranged in the accommodating cabin 21 of the bottom tower 2, and the control mechanism is in control connection with the blade mechanism 42 and can drive the mechanical arm 422 to move; the energy storage battery is respectively connected with the blade mechanism 42 and the control mechanism to supply power, and is also used for supplying power to other power utilization components in the offshore wind power generation equipment; the mooring anchor chain 5 is connected to the floating body 1; the submarine cable 6 is connected to a generator set 43 for outputting electrical energy.

The basic working principle of the offshore wind power generation equipment related by the invention is as follows: the offshore wind power generation device can be arranged in a deep open sea area, floats on the sea surface through the floating body 1, and is anchored with the sea bed through the mooring anchor chain 5 to limit the moving range of the offshore wind power generation device when floating. The shaft 41 is preferably in a vertical state when no wind wave remains in balance. The upper tower 3 only plays a role of supporting the vane mechanism 42 and protecting the accommodating rotary shaft 41, so that the vane mechanism 42 has a proper height, and therefore, a simple hollow tubular structure can be adopted, and the weight is reduced. The bottom tower 2 is used to house most of the power generation and control related device structures including, but not limited to, the generator set 43 and the electrical devices associated with the power generation, etc., so that the lower mass of the offshore wind power plant is greater, thereby facilitating a simplified design of the anti-capsizing foundation. During power generation, the blade mechanism 42 is in an unfolding state, referring to fig. 1, the fan blade 423 is preferably parallel to the rotating shaft 41, the fan blade 423 drives the ring frame 421 to rotate under the action of wind power through the mechanical arm 422, then drives the generator set 43 to rotate through the rotating shaft 41 to generate power, the generated power can be transmitted to land through the submarine cable 6, and part of power is preferably stored in the energy storage battery to supply power to a place which needs power in the offshore wind power generation equipment. When the wind waves are too large to be suitable for power generation, the mechanical arm 422 of the blade mechanism 42 can be controlled to move through the control mechanism, the fan blades 423 are folded to be close to the rotating shaft 41, and the blade mechanism 42 is in a folded state, see fig. 6, so that the overturning risk is reduced, and the working stability of the offshore wind power generation equipment is ensured.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention is further described in the following embodiments:

in this embodiment, as a preferred design, the floating body 1 is provided with a water tank, and further comprises a water pump mechanism (not shown in the drawing) for controlling water supply and drainage of the water tank, wherein the control mechanism is in control connection with the water pump mechanism, and can charge or discharge seawater into the floating body 1 through the built-in water pump mechanism according to the change of marine climate conditions so as to ensure the floating capacity and anti-capsizing capacity of the offshore wind power generation equipment. The main part of the water pump mechanism may be arranged in the receiving nacelle 21 of the bottom tower 2. The floating body 1 can adopt a column type foundation or a semi-submersible type foundation according to site conditions and actual engineering conditions. The floating body 1 is connected with a plurality of root mooring chains 5 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. A step of

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, as a preferred design, the bottom tower 2 is an hollow steel tube structure, in the shape of a truncated cone, and has an upper end diameter smaller than a lower end diameter, and the bottom and top diameters, heights, wall thicknesses, and other dimensions are designed according to actual engineering requirements, so as to ensure that the internal accommodating cabin 21 has a space with a proper size to meet installation requirements. A lower plate flange 22 is fixedly arranged at the top of the bottom tower 2. Referring to fig. 1 and 3, a lower plate flange 22 is arranged at the bottom of the upper tower 3, and is fixedly connected with the lower plate flange 22, so that the upper tower is convenient to install and detach. The upper tower 3 has a cylindrical steel tube structure with the same diameter and wall thickness as those of the top of the bottom tower 2, and the rotating shaft 41 is coaxially positioned in the inner hole of the upper tower 3.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, as a preferred design, the upper end of the mechanical arm 422 of the blade mechanism 42 is fixedly connected to the ring frame 521, the mechanical arm 422 is inclined or horizontally arranged, the fan blade 423 is installed at the lower end of the mechanical arm 422, the mechanical arm 422 is telescopic and electrically driven, the telescopic movement of the mechanical arm 422 is controlled by the control mechanism and is powered by the energy storage battery, and the fan blade 423 can be driven to approach or separate from the rotating shaft 41 through the telescopic movement of the mechanical arm 422. The fan blade 423 is preferably parallel to the rotation shaft 41, and may be slightly inclined. Of course, in other embodiments, the mechanical arm 422 may be rotatably connected to the ring frame 421, and the mechanical arm 422 is fixed to the ring frame 421 in the circumferential direction, the mechanical arm 422 can rotate up and down relative to the ring frame 421, a rotation support assembly for driving the mechanical arm 422 to rotate and supporting the position of the mechanical arm 422 is provided on the ring frame 421, the control mechanism is controlled to be connected to the rotation support assembly adjusting assembly, and the angle of the mechanical arm 422 that rotates up and down is adjusted by the rotation support assembly, so that the adjustable vane mechanism 42 is in a folded or unfolded state.

In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, as a preferred design, the fan blade 423 is rotatably mounted on the mechanical arm 422 with its rotation axis vertical to adjust the windward angle of the fan blade 423. The windward angle of the fan blade 423 may be actively adjusted or passively adjusted. In this embodiment, an active adjustment mode is adopted, a windward angle adjustment assembly for driving the fan blade 423 to rotate is disposed on the mechanical arm 422, and the control mechanism is connected with the windward angle adjustment assembly in a control manner, and the windward angle of the fan blade 423 is controlled by the control mechanism. When passive adjustment is adopted, the mechanical arm 422 is provided with an angle limiting structure for limiting the rotation range of the fan blade 423, so that the fan blade 423 rotates and props against the angle limiting structure under the action of wind blowing, and the mechanical arm 422 and the ring frame 421 can be pushed to rotate. The fan blades 423 may be provided in 3 to 6 pieces according to actual demands, and are equally spaced along the circumferential direction of the ring frame 421 and the rotation shaft 41.

In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, the ring frame 421 is mounted on the upper tower 3 through a bearing 427 and a loose flange 428, the loose flange 428 is fixed at the top end of the upper tower 3, and the ring frame 421 is connected to the loose flange 428 through the bearing 427 to be freely rotatable. Two perpendicular connecting rods 426 are fixedly connected in the ring frame 421, and the connecting rods 426 penetrate through the rotating shaft 41 to be connected, so that the ring frame 421 and the rotating shaft 41 are fixedly connected. The link 426 is a removable structure for ease of subsequent maintenance. A cover plate 425 is installed on the top of the ring frame 421 for protection.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, as a preferred design, the control mechanism includes a remote monitoring platform 8, and the remote monitoring platform 8 is connected with a submarine optical fiber 7, so that the submarine cable 6 and the submarine optical fiber 7 are laid together, and an increase in extra cost is avoided. The problem that the offshore wind farm has no 5G wireless network signal is solved by communicating and connecting the submarine optical fiber 7 with the land, so that signals and control instructions are sent on the land, for example, the acquired weather information is transmitted to the remote monitoring platform 8 in real time, and the folding and unfolding of the blade mechanism 42 and the windward angle of the fan blade 423 are controlled according to the weather information. Preferably, the blade mechanism 42 includes a wireless controller 424, the wireless controller 424 is mounted on the ring frame 421, the wireless controller 424 is capable of controlling the movement of the mechanical arm 422, the remote monitoring platform 8 is connected to the wireless controller 424 in a wireless communication manner, and the wireless controller 424 is capable of receiving the 5G wireless network signal and the real-time control information transmitted by the remote monitoring platform 8 to control the action of the blade mechanism 42. In addition, the remote monitoring platform 8 can be internally provided with a corresponding automatic control program, and meanwhile, the offshore wind power generation equipment can be provided with a weather measuring device for detecting weather information, signals are transmitted to the remote monitoring platform 8, and the blade mechanism 42 is automatically controlled to move through the processing and calculation of the remote monitoring platform 8, so that the operation can be performed without depending on signals transmitted on land.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, as a preferred design, the device further comprises a speed reducing mechanism 9 arranged in the accommodating cabin 21 of the bottom tower 2, the speed reducing mechanism 9 is provided with a movable brake pad, the control mechanism is connected with the speed reducing mechanism 9, can be connected in a wired mode, can control the brake pad to move to contact with or separate from the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 41, and is in friction contact with the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 41. When the wind power is too large, the rotating shaft 41 can be decelerated by utilizing the brake pad by controlling the action of the deceleration mechanism 9, so that the risk of faults caused by the overspeed of the fan is reduced.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1 and 2, as a preferred design, the vertical axis wind power generation device 4 further includes a transformer 44 disposed in the accommodation cabin 21 of the bottom tower 2, the transformer 44 is connected to the generator set 43, the submarine cable 6 is connected to the transformer 44, the transformer 44 is a mating device for generating electricity, and electricity generated by the generator set 43 is output through the submarine cable 6 after being boosted by the transformer 44.

The invention also provides a working control method of the offshore wind power generation equipment, which is shown in fig. 7 and comprises the following steps:

s1, judging whether the offshore wind power generation equipment has a capsizing risk or not according to the meteorological information of the offshore wind power plant sea area, namely the meteorological information of the sea area where the offshore wind power generation equipment is located. Specifically, weather information can be transmitted from land to the remote monitoring platform 8 of the control mechanism through submarine light, the weather information comprises wind speed, wind direction and other information, and the remote monitoring platform 8 judges whether the overturning risk exists.

S2, if the offshore wind power generation equipment has the risk of overturning, dangerous information is transmitted to the control mechanism, the control blade mechanism 42 is switched to a furled state, the mechanical arm 422 moves and enables the fan blade 423 to be close to the upper tower 3, and the risk of overturning is reduced. Meanwhile, the water pump mechanism can be controlled to supplement seawater to the floating body 1, so that the stability is enhanced.

S3, if the offshore wind power generation equipment does not have the risk of overturning, wind information is transmitted to the control mechanism, the control blade mechanism 42 is kept in an unfolding state, and the horizontal distance between the fan blades 423 and the upper tower 3 can be adjusted to perform normal power generation. Meanwhile, the fan blades 423 can be controlled to rotate according to the wind direction, the windward angle of the fan blades is adjusted, and the power generation efficiency is improved.

From the above, the offshore wind power generation equipment and the working control method thereof have the following beneficial effects:

1. the vertical axis wind driven generator is simple in structure, convenient to manufacture, controllable in cost, higher in efficiency than the horizontal axis wind driven generator, free of a wind aligning device, capable of directly corresponding to any wind direction and simple to maintain.

2. Compared with the existing horizontal shaft floating type fan, the structure is simple, the gravity center is moved downwards compared with the whole horizontal shaft fan, the overturning moment of the gravity center can be reduced, the problem of typhoon resistance of the traditional horizontal shaft floating type fan can be effectively reduced, further, the floating type fan foundation is converted from a larger semi-submersible foundation to a smaller upright column type foundation under the condition of permission, the fan can be applied to sea areas with the depth of more than 100m and deeper, the diameter of a fan tower steel pipe is reduced, the design difficulty and the manufacturing cost are reduced, and the large-scale application of the floating type fan is promoted.

3. The blade mechanism 42 of the vertical axis wind power generation device 4 can be folded and unfolded, the structural overturning risk is further reduced by shrinking the fan blade 423 in severe typhoon climate, the windward angle of the fan blade 423 is adjustable, and the power generation efficiency of the fan is improved.

In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utility value.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A vertical axis floating offshore wind power plant characterized by: the vertical axis wind power generation device comprises a floating body (1), a bottom tower (2), an upper tower (3), a vertical axis wind power generation device (4), a control mechanism, an energy storage battery, a mooring anchor chain (5) and a submarine cable (6), wherein the bottom tower (2) is arranged at the upper end of the floating body (1), a containing cabin (21) is arranged in the bottom tower, the upper tower (3) is arranged at the upper end of the bottom tower (2), the vertical axis wind power generation device (4) comprises a rotating shaft (41), a blade mechanism (42) and a generator set (43), the generator set (43) is arranged in the containing cabin (21) of the bottom tower (2), the bottom end of the rotating shaft (41) is in transmission connection with the generator set (43), the top end of the generator set (41) penetrates through and extends out of the upper tower (3), the blade mechanism (42) comprises a ring frame (421) fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating shaft (41), a mechanical arm (422) arranged on the ring frame (421) and a fan blade (423) arranged on the mechanical arm (422), the ring frame is rotatably arranged on the top end of the upper tower (3), the mechanical arm (422) can move, and the distance between the mechanical arm (423) and the fan (41) can be changed horizontally. The control mechanism and the energy storage battery are arranged in the accommodating cabin (21) of the bottom tower (2), and the control mechanism is in control connection with the blade mechanism (42) and can drive the mechanical arm (422) to move; the energy storage battery is respectively connected with the blade mechanism (42) and the control mechanism to supply power; the mooring anchor chain (5) is connected to the floating body (1); the submarine cable (6) is connected with the generator set (43) and is used for outputting electric energy.

2. Offshore wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the floating body (1) is internally provided with a water tank and further comprises a water pump mechanism for controlling water supplementing and draining of the water tank, and the control mechanism is in control connection with the water pump mechanism.

3. Offshore wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mechanical arm (422) of the blade mechanism (42) is fixedly connected to the ring frame (421), the mechanical arm (422) is telescopic, and telescopic movement of the mechanical arm (422) is controlled by the control mechanism.

4. An offshore wind power plant according to claim 3, characterized in that: the fan blade (423) is rotatably mounted on the mechanical arm (422), the rotation axis of the fan blade is parallel to the rotating shaft (41), the mechanical arm (422) is provided with an angle limiting structure for limiting the rotation range of the fan blade (423), or the mechanical arm (422) is provided with a windward angle adjusting component for driving the fan blade (423) to rotate, and the control mechanism is connected with the windward angle adjusting component in a control mode.

5. Offshore wind power plant according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the control mechanism comprises a remote monitoring platform (8), the remote monitoring platform (8) is connected with the wireless controller (424) in a wireless communication mode, the remote monitoring platform (8) is connected with a submarine optical fiber (7), and the submarine optical fiber (7) is used for being connected with land communication.

6. Offshore wind power plant according to claim 5, characterized in that: the blade mechanism (42) comprises a wireless controller (424), the wireless controller (424) can control the movement of the mechanical arm (422), and the remote monitoring platform (8) is in wireless communication with the wireless controller (424).

7. Offshore wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom tower (2) is in a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of the upper end of the bottom tower is smaller than that of the lower end of the bottom tower.

8. Offshore wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device further comprises a speed reducing mechanism (9) arranged in the accommodating cabin (21) of the bottom tower (2), the speed reducing mechanism (9) is provided with a movable brake pad, the control mechanism is connected with the speed reducing mechanism (9) and can control the brake pad to move to be in contact with or separate from the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft (41), and the brake pad is in friction contact with the peripheral surface of the rotating shaft (41).

9. Offshore wind power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vertical axis wind power generation device (4) further comprises a transformer (44) arranged in the accommodating cabin (21) of the bottom tower (2), the transformer (44) is connected with the generator set (43), and the submarine cable (6) is connected with the transformer (44).

10. A method of controlling operation of an offshore wind power plant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, judging whether the offshore wind power generation equipment has a capsizing risk or not according to weather information of the sea area where the offshore wind power generation equipment is located;

s2, if the offshore wind power generation equipment has a capsizing risk, dangerous information is transmitted to a control mechanism, a control blade mechanism (42) is switched to a furled state, a mechanical arm (422) moves and enables a fan blade (423) to be close to an upper tower (3), and the capsizing risk is reduced;

s3, if the offshore wind power generation equipment does not have the risk of overturning, wind information is transmitted to the control mechanism, and the blade mechanism (42) is controlled to be kept in an unfolded state to perform normal power generation.