CN117402485A - Polydisperse-phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polydisperse-phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000013305 flexible fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920002961 polybutylene succinate Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004631 polybutylene succinate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011160 polymer matrix composite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920013657 polymer matrix composite Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000034530 PLAA-associated neurodevelopmental disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/02—Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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Abstract
The invention provides a polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of matrix, 10-40 parts of fiber-forming phase, 0.2-2 parts of compatilizer and 0.1-1 part of antioxidant. The method realizes the construction of rigid-rigid fibers, flexible-flexible fibers and rigid-flexible fibers in the same matrix, realizes the reinforcement and toughening of the polymer matrix composite material by utilizing the synergistic effect among the rigid-rigid fibers, the flexible-flexible fibers and the rigid-flexible microfibers, and realizes the purpose of reinforcing and toughening the matrix material by utilizing the synergistic effect of the polydisperse fibers. The method solves the problem of limitation of the single-component fiber reinforced polymer composite material, and the equipment is simple to operate, easy to realize, capable of continuous production, high in production efficiency and good in process application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polymer material processing, in particular to a polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, many studies on in-situ microfiber reinforced polymer composite materials generally have a reinforcing effect on a matrix material by forming fibers in situ in a matrix through a single dispersed phase, wherein the dispersed phase is composed of a single microfiber phase, the fiber component is single, the reinforcing effect on the matrix material is limited to a certain extent, and meanwhile, the strength and toughness of the material cannot be improved at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem of limitation of single component microfiber reinforcement in the existing single component in-situ microfiber reinforced polymer composite material, the invention provides a preparation method of a polydisperse in-situ microfiber reinforced, toughened, reinforced and toughened polymer composite material.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the polydisperse in-situ microfiber polymer composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of matrix, 10-40 parts of fiber-forming phase, 0.2-2 parts of compatilizer and 0.1-1 part of antioxidant.
Further, the fiber-forming phase is selected from any combination of two or more of POE, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyamide 11 (PA 11), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
Further, the matrix material is selected from one of polylactic acid (PLA), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene succinate (PBS), and the fiber forming phase is different from the matrix material.
Further, the fiber forming phases form fibers in situ in the matrix during the stretching extrusion process, and are aligned along the flow direction, so as to form polydisperse phase fibers, and the polydisperse phase fibers cooperate to toughen, strengthen or both toughen the matrix material.
Further, the polydisperse phase fibers are a combination of flexible fibers and flexible fibers, a combination of rigid fibers and rigid fibers, or a combination of flexible fibers and rigid fibers.
Further, the flexible fibers refer to POE, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and the rigid fibers refer to polylactic acid (PLA), polyamide 11 (PA 11), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
Further, the diameter of the fiber forming phase is 0.1-10 mu m, and the mass ratio of each component in the fiber forming phase is 7-8:2-3.
In another aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a polydisperse in situ microfiber polymer composite according to the foregoing, comprising the steps of:
adding the dried fiber-forming phase and the substrate into a multi-stage extrusion stretching device, and obtaining a polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber composite material sheet after extrusion stretching and cooling;
in the double-disperse-phase in-situ microfiber composite material sheet, the flexible fibers form a micrometer sheet, the thickness is 0.1-10 mu m, and the width is 0.1-30 mu m; the rigid fibers form microfibers with a diameter of 0.1-5 μm;
the multistage stretching coextrusion device consists of an extruder (1), an adapter (2), a layer distributor (3), a die (4) and a traction roller (5);
the temperature of the first region to the fifth region of the extruder is controlled to 160-230 ℃, the temperature of the adapter (2), the layer distributor (3) and the mouth die (4) is controlled to 160-230 ℃, the screw speed of the extruder is 180-300r/min, and the feeding speed is 15-20r/min.
Further, the fiber forming phase melt is continuously crushed, stretched, split, overlapped and subjected to the action of a strong shearing-stretching composite flow field in an extruder and a layer distributor (3), and microfibers are formed in situ in a matrix and are aligned along the flow direction, so that the polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material is obtained.
Further, the matrix is selected as PLA, the fiber-forming phase is selected as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and polyamide 11 (PA 11), and the mass ratio of matrix to fiber-forming phase is 90:10, the PA11 accounts for 20 percent of the mass part of PLA, the extrusion temperature is 230 ℃, the extrusion speed is 200r/min, the traction speed is 60r/min, the tensile strength and the stretch-break generation rate of the composite material are respectively 54.5MPa and 7.22 percent, and are respectively 1.14 times and 2.25 times that of pure PLA.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) Because the characteristics of the microfibers are better comprehensively utilized by the formation of the polydisperse phase microfibers in the same matrix, and the synergistic effect (one-phase toughening, one-phase reinforcing or simultaneous reinforcing and toughening) among the microfiber phases is better utilized, the structural optimization design of the material is carried out, and the reinforced and toughened matrix material can be better reinforced without adding more other auxiliary agents and fillers.
(2) The invention has the advantages of simple equipment, easy realization, simple process, low cost, obvious toughening and reinforcing effects on the polymer composite material and better process application prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multistage stretching co-extrusion apparatus according to the present invention. Wherein, 1: an extruder; 2: an adapter; 3: a layer dispenser; 4: a die; 5: and (5) a traction roller.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the microstructure of the polydisperse in situ microfiber polymer composite of the present invention. Wherein (a) is along the extrusion direction and (b) is perpendicular to the extrusion direction.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, in the polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material, the characteristics that the dispersing phases form fibers in situ in a matrix are utilized, the polydisperse phase microfibers are obtained through an extrusion and stretching process, and the purpose of reinforcing and toughening the matrix material is realized by utilizing the synergistic effect of the microfibers:
the technical principle of the invention is as follows: the invention utilizes the characteristic that each fiber is formed in a matrix independently, and builds flexible-rigid polydisperse phase fiber in the matrix through extrusion stretching, and utilizes the synergistic effect of polydisperse in-situ microfibers to jointly and effectively realize the purpose of reinforcing and toughening the matrix material.
As shown in FIG. 1, the multistage stretching coextrusion apparatus used in the present application comprises an extruder 1, an adapter 2, a layer distributor 3, a die 4, and a pulling roll 5.
According to the technical principle, the invention provides the following experimental scheme:
when in preparation, two or more fiber-forming phases are initially mixed with a matrix material, the initial mixture is added into a multi-stage stretching co-extrusion device for extrusion, fiber-forming phase melt is continuously crushed, stretched, split, overlapped and subjected to the action of a strong shearing-stretching composite flow field in an extruder and a layer distributor, and the fiber-forming phases form microfibers in situ in the matrix and are aligned along the flowing direction, so as to obtain the polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material.
The matrix and the fiber-forming phase of the present application may be interchanged, but not identical, e.g., polylactic acid (PLA) may be used as both the matrix and the fiber-forming phase, but in one embodiment it is only the matrix or the fiber-forming phase.
In the present application, the polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material, the fiber forming phase is selected from any combination of two or more of polyolefin POE, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyamide 11 (PA 11), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). The ratio (mass) of the two fiber forming phases can be selected according to the needs, and is preferably 7-8:2-3.
In the application, the polydisperse in-situ microfiber polymer composite material is one of a matrix material polylactic acid (PLA), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) and polybutylene succinate (PBS).
In the application, the micro-fiber reinforced polymer composite material with the in-situ special-shaped structure comprises, by weight, 70-100 parts of a matrix, 0-30 parts of a fiber forming phase, 0.5-5 parts of a compatilizer and 0.1-1 part of an antioxidant.
In the application, the polydisperse phase microfiber polymer composite material can realize the control of the shape and the size of the microfiber with the special-shaped structure through the regulation and control of the types of fiber forming phases, the proportion of components between the fiber forming phases and the matrix, the viscosity ratio of the fiber forming phases and the matrix, the extrusion temperature, the extrusion speed and the traction speed.
In the application, the polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material can regulate and control the mechanical properties of the polydisperse phase microfiber polymer composite material through the types of fiber forming phases, the proportion of fiber forming phases, the component proportion of fiber forming phases to matrix phases, the extrusion temperature, the extrusion speed, the traction rate and the extrusion mode.
In this application, the polydisperse in situ microfiber polymer composites may be fiber, sheet, plate or film from extrudate obtained from dies of different flow channel shapes.
The following are specific examples of the present application:
example 1: polylactic acid (PLA) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) are mixed according to the mass ratio of 70/30, and then are put into an extruder for melt extrusion granulation, so that the fiber-forming phase PLA/EVA master batch is prepared. Wherein the temperature from the zone 1 of the extruder to the machine head is controlled at 50 ℃, 180 ℃, 200 ℃, the rotating speed of the screw is 180r/min, and the feeding speed is 15r/min. And (3) mixing PLA/EVA master batches with polyamide 11 (PA 11) according to the mass ratio of PLA accounting for 20% of PA11, and then putting the mixture into a multi-stage stretching co-extrusion device for extrusion to obtain the PLA/EVA/PA11 polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material. The preparation process comprises the following steps: the temperatures in zones 1 to 5 of the extruder were 50-230℃and the temperatures of the adapter 2, the layer distributor 3 and the die 4 were all 230 ℃. The extrusion speed of the extruder was 200r/min, and the feeding speed was 15r/min.
Comparative examples 1-1: polylactic acid (PLA), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and polyamide 11 (PA 11) are mixed according to the mass ratio PLA/POE of 80/20 and PLA accounting for 20 percent of the mass part of PA11, and then put into a multi-stage stretching co-extrusion device for extrusion, so as to obtain the PLA/EVA/PA11 polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material. Wherein the preparation process is the same as in example 1.
Comparative examples 1-2:
in contrast, the mass ratio of polylactic acid (PLA) to ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) in example 1 was changed to 60/40, and the other was the same as in example 1.
Comparative examples 1-3:
in contrast, the ratio of polyamide 11 (PA 11) to polylactic acid (PLA) in the examples was changed to 10%, and the other was the same as in example 1.
Example 2: and mixing polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polybutylene succinate (PBS) according to a weight ratio of 80:20, and then putting the mixture into an extruder for melt extrusion granulation to prepare the fiber-forming phase PBT/PBS master batch. Wherein the temperature from the zone 1 of the extruder to the machine head is controlled at 200 ℃, 230 ℃, 220 ℃, the rotating speed of the screw is 200r/min, and the feeding speed is 15r/min. And (3) mixing the PBT/PBS master batch with polypropylene (PP) according to the weight ratio of PBT to PP, and then putting the mixture into a multistage stretching and coextrusion device for extrusion to obtain the PBS/PBT/PP polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material. The three-roller traction speed is as follows: the upper roller 60, the middle roller 55, the lower roller 50, and the pulling speed was 80.
Comparative example 2
By way of comparison, the three-roll speed in example 2 was changed to: the upper roller 90, the middle roller 85, the lower roller 80, and the pulling speed were changed to 90, and the other was the same as in example 2.
Example 3: polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) are mixed according to the weight ratio of 80/20, and are put into an extruder for melt extrusion granulation, so as to prepare the fiber-forming phase PLA/PBT master batch. Wherein the temperature from the zone 1 of the extruder to the head is controlled at 220 ℃, 225 ℃, 230 ℃ and 225 ℃, the rotating speed of the screw is 200r/min, and the feeding speed is 20r/min. And (3) mixing PLA/PBT master batch with Polyamide (PBS) according to the mass ratio of PLA accounting for 15% of the PBS, and then putting the mixture into a multistage stretching and coextrusion device for extrusion to obtain the PLA/PBT/PBS polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material. The preparation process comprises the following steps: the temperature of the extruder from zone 1 to zone 5 is controlled at 50 ℃ to 230 ℃, and the temperature of the adapter (2), the layer distributor (3) and the die (4) is 230 ℃. The extrusion speed of the extruder was 250r/min and the feeding speed was 20r/min.
Comparative example 3
In contrast, the temperatures of the extruder, the adapter 2, the layer distributor 3 and the die 4 in the examples were changed to temperatures between the melting point of PLA and the melting point of PBT, and the temperatures of the extruder 1 region and the extruder 5 region were respectively changed to 50-210 ℃, and the temperatures of the adapter 2, the layer distributor 3 and the die 4 were respectively changed to 210 ℃. The other steps are the same as in example 3.
Example 4: polylactic acid (PLA) and POE are mixed according to the weight ratio of 80/20, and are put into an extruder for melt extrusion granulation, so as to prepare the fiber-forming phase PLA/POE master batch. Wherein the temperature from the zone 1 of the extruder to the head is controlled at 220 ℃, 225 ℃, 230 ℃ and 225 ℃, the rotating speed of the screw is 200r/min, and the feeding speed is 20r/min. And (3) mixing the PLA/POE master batch with PA11 according to the mass ratio of PLA to PA11, and then putting the mixture into a multi-stage stretching co-extrusion device for extrusion to obtain the PLA/POE/PA 11 polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material. The preparation process comprises the following steps: the temperature of the extruder from zone 1 to zone 5 is controlled at 50 ℃ to 230 ℃, and the temperature of the adapter (2), the layer distributor (3) and the die (4) is 230 ℃. The extrusion speed of the extruder was 250r/min and the feeding speed was 20r/min.
In order to verify the effect of the invention, the product prepared by the embodiment is subjected to mechanical property test according to national standard GB/T1040.2-2006. The test results of examples 1 to 4 are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 mechanical Properties
| Test item | Unit (B) | PLA/PA6 | Example 1 | Comparative examples 1 to 1 | Comparative examples 1 to 2 | Comparative examples 1 to 3 | Example 2 | Comparative example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 3 | Example 4 |
| Tensile Strength | MPa | 54.5 | 48.5 | 45.6 | 40.1 | 49.5 | 38.5 | 36.2 | 47.6 | 45.2 | 46.7 |
| Tensile strain | % | 3.2 | 9.9 | 7.1 | 11.5 | 10.8 | 10.2 | 11.6 | 5.2 | 6.3 | 4.8 |
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A polydisperse in situ microfiber polymer composite characterized by: the material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of matrix, 10-40 parts of fiber-forming phase, 0.2-2 parts of compatilizer and 0.1-1 part of antioxidant.
2. The polydisperse in situ microfiber polymer composite of claim 1 wherein: the fiber forming phase is selected from any combination of two or more of POE, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyamide 11 (PA 11), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
3. A polydisperse in situ microfiber polymer composite according to claim 1 wherein: the matrix material is selected from one of polylactic acid (PLA), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene succinate (PBS), and the fiber forming phase is different from the matrix material.
4. The polydisperse in situ microfiber polymer composite of claim 1 wherein: the fiber forming phases form fibers in situ in the matrix in the stretching extrusion process, and are oriented and arranged along the flowing direction to form polydisperse phase fibers, and the polydisperse phase fibers cooperate to toughen, strengthen or both strengthen and toughen the matrix material.
5. The polydisperse in situ microfiber polymer composite of claim 4 wherein: the polydisperse phase fibers are a combination of flexible fibers and flexible fibers, a combination of rigid fibers and rigid fibers, or a combination of flexible fibers and rigid fibers.
6. The polydisperse in situ microfiber polymer composite of claim 5 wherein: the flexible fibers refer to POE, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), and the rigid fibers refer to polylactic acid (PLA), polyamide 11 (PA 11), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
7. The polydisperse in situ microfiber polymer composite of claim 1 wherein: the diameter of the fiber forming phase is 0.1-10 mu m, and the mass ratio of each component in the fiber forming phase is 7-8:2-3.
8. The method for preparing the polydisperse in-situ microfiber polymer composite according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
adding the dried fiber-forming phase and the substrate into a multi-stage extrusion stretching device, and obtaining a polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber composite material sheet after extrusion stretching and cooling;
in the polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber composite material sheet, the flexible fibers form a micrometer sheet, the thickness is 0.1-10 mu m, and the width is 0.1-30 mu m; the rigid fibers form microfibers with a diameter of 0.1-5 μm;
the multistage stretching coextrusion device consists of an extruder (1), an adapter (2), a layer distributor (3), a die (4) and a traction roller (5);
the temperature of the first region to the fifth region of the extruder is controlled to 160-230 ℃, the temperature of the adapter (2), the layer distributor (3) and the mouth die (4) is controlled to 160-230 ℃, the screw speed of the extruder is 180-300r/min, and the feeding speed is 15-20r/min.
9. The method for preparing the polydisperse in-situ microfiber polymer composite according to claim 8, wherein: the melt of the fiber forming phase is continuously crushed, stretched, divided, overlapped and subjected to the action of a strong shearing-stretching composite flow field in an extruder and a layer distributor (3), and the microfibers are formed in situ in a matrix and are oriented and arranged along the flowing direction, so that the polydisperse phase in-situ microfiber polymer composite material is obtained.
10. The method of preparing a polydisperse in situ microfiber polymer composite according to claim 9, wherein: the matrix is selected as PLA, the fiber-forming phase is selected as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and polyamide 11 (PA 11), and the mass ratio of the matrix to the fiber-forming phase is 90:10, the PA11 accounts for 20 percent of the mass part of PLA, the extrusion temperature is 230 ℃, the extrusion speed is 200r/min, the traction speed is 60r/min, the tensile strength and the stretch-break generation rate of the composite material are respectively 54.5MPa and 7.22 percent, and are respectively 1.14 times and 2.25 times that of pure PLA.
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| CN103059387A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-04-24 | 贵州省复合改性聚合物材料工程技术研究中心 | In-situ composite fiber forming reinforced polymer material as well as preparation method and device thereof |
| CN115304853A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-11-08 | 贵州省材料产业技术研究院 | In-situ special-shaped structure microfiber reinforced polymer composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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