CN117400539B - 3D printing control system special for information technology education - Google Patents
3D printing control system special for information technology education Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printing control system special for information technology education, and relates to the technical field of 3D printers, wherein the 3D printing control system comprises an upper computer and a lower computer; the upper computer comprises an embedded SoC chip and a resonance detection component; the resonance detection part performs resonance measurement on a printing part of the 3D printer to obtain a motion parameter of the printing part; the embedded SoC chip comprises a compensation value calculation unit, and the compensation value calculation unit obtains a resonance compensation value according to the motion parameter solution; the lower computer comprises an embedded MCU chip; the embedded MCU chip comprises an instruction adjusting unit and a motion control unit; the instruction adjusting unit adjusts the motion control instruction according to the resonance compensation value to obtain an adjustment control instruction; the motion control unit controls the motion of the printing part of the 3D printer according to the adjustment control instruction so as to obtain a 3D model for eliminating the vibration influence of the printing part of the 3D printer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printers, in particular to a 3D printing control system special for information technology education.
Background
The maturity and wide application of 3D printing technology provides an important driving force for education innovation development. In recent years, 3D printing education develops rapidly, and the degree of awareness and promotion of 3D printing education ideas by participants around project implementation are also continuously improved. Under the current favorable environment, development of a set of 3D printing management system specially optimized for education and teaching scenes aiming at a 3D printer in education application is imperative.
Most 3D printers of FDM (fused deposition) processes currently are at a consumer level, and more debugging operation processes exist in the use process, so that higher requirements are put on the application of the 3D printers to education and teaching. Typically, a teacher is a direct operator of such 3D printers, and also a user of such 3D prints, through which personalized teaching models can be made; in the teaching process, teachers need to conduct teaching design of 3D printing course application, and students are helped and guided to develop learning activities. Therefore, the teacher puts higher requirements on the teacher, and the teacher needs to give lessons to students and control and debug the 3D printer, so that the application of the 3D printer of the FDM forming process in education is hindered to a certain extent.
The task management system of the 3D printer of the current FDM molding process is typically determined by the firmware (firmware) used by such 3D printers. The task management mode of the 3D printer on the market at present is simpler, and the slicing operation is needed before model printing starts, namely, a special 3D data model slicing software (slicing software for short) is used on a PC to carry out slicing processing on a designed 3D model, so that a Gcode file which can be identified by a 3D printer system is formed, slicing parameters of the slicing software can be taught before slicing the 3D model, and the final printed finished product effect is often determined to a certain extent. After the slicing process is completed, the Gcode file generated by the slicing software needs to be uploaded to a storage system of the 3D printer, and the storage mode comprises storage through a TF memory card or remote transmission through a local area network. Because the 3D printer of the FDM forming process is sold at present with smaller storage space, the mode of using external storage equipment to transfer is more complicated, and the 3D printer is inconvenient to use.
Because the 3D printer has a movable mechanical structure, the mechanical structure has certain self vibration, and the vibration can have a great influence on the surface effect of the 3D printing model. The control system of the FDM 3D printer sold in the market is simpler, basically does not have more advanced mechanical vibration compensation capability, and cannot perform vibration compensation optimization on the surface texture effect of the printing completion model.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a 3D printing control system special for information technology education, which can eliminate mechanical vibration in the printing process, so that the printing quality and effect are improved, and the problem that the existing 3D printer adopting the FDM forming process cannot automatically measure and compensate mechanical structure vibration is solved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following.
The invention provides a 3D printing control system special for information technology education, which comprises: upper computer and lower computer.
The upper computer comprises an embedded SoC chip and a resonance detection component.
And the resonance detection component is used for carrying out resonance measurement on the printing component of the 3D printer to obtain the motion parameters of the printing component.
The embedded SoC chip at least comprises a compensation value calculation unit, and the compensation value calculation unit is used for calculating to obtain a resonance compensation value according to the motion parameters.
The lower computer comprises an embedded MCU chip.
The embedded MCU chip comprises an instruction adjusting unit and a motion control unit.
The instruction adjusting unit is used for adjusting the motion control instruction according to the resonance compensation value to obtain an adjustment control instruction.
The motion control unit is used for controlling the motion of the printing component of the 3D printer according to the adjustment control instruction so as to obtain a 3D model for eliminating the vibration influence of the printing component of the 3D printer; the 3D model is a 3D model for information technology education.
Optionally, the resonance detection component is a vibration source component and a resonance detection sensor, and the resonance detection sensor is used for measuring a motion parameter of the printing component when the vibration source component acts on the printing component; the motion parameters of the printing component include motion acceleration in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
Optionally, the upper computer further comprises a filtering component; the filtering component is used for filtering the motion parameters to obtain the motion parameters required by the embedded SoC chip.
Optionally, the embedded SoC chip further includes an NPU unit; the NPU unit is used for: and identifying the target image to obtain the actual measurement distance between the nozzle of the 3D printer and the printing platform. Determining a distance adjustment instruction according to the measured distance and the theoretical distance; the distance adjustment instruction is used for: adjusting the actual measurement distance between the nozzle and the printing platform, and enabling the difference value between the actual measurement distance between the nozzle and the printing platform and the theoretical distance to be smaller than a set threshold value; and the target image is obtained by shooting a test model of the nozzle printed on the printing platform by a camera.
Optionally, in the aspect of identifying the target image and obtaining the measured distance between the nozzle of the 3D printer and the printing platform, the NPU unit is configured to: and identifying the target image by using a CNN convolutional neural network algorithm to obtain the actual measurement distance between the nozzle of the 3D printer and the printing platform.
Optionally, the upper computer further comprises a network module; and the upper computer is respectively in bidirectional communication connection with a plurality of lower computers through the network module.
Optionally, the lower computer further comprises a power module, and the power module is used for providing power.
Optionally, the lower computer further comprises a heating control module; the heating control module is used for controlling the heating temperature of consumable materials required by the 3D printer so as to enable the consumable materials to reach a molten state.
Optionally, the lower computer further comprises an air cooling fan heat control module; the air cooling fan heat control module is used for radiating the printed 3D model so as to solidify the 3D model.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: the invention provides a 3D printing control system special for information technology education, wherein the 3D printing control system comprises: the upper computer and the lower computer; the upper computer comprises an embedded SoC chip and a resonance detection component; the resonance detection component is used for carrying out resonance measurement on the printing component of the 3D printer to obtain the motion parameters of the printing component; the embedded SoC chip at least comprises a compensation value calculation unit, wherein the compensation value calculation unit is used for calculating to obtain a resonance compensation value according to the motion parameters; the lower computer comprises an embedded MCU chip; the embedded MCU chip comprises an instruction adjusting unit and a motion control unit; the instruction adjusting unit is used for adjusting the motion control instruction according to the resonance compensation value to obtain an adjustment control instruction; the motion control unit is used for controlling the motion of the printing component of the 3D printer according to the adjustment control instruction so as to obtain a 3D model for eliminating the vibration influence of the printing component of the 3D printer; the 3D model is a 3D model for information technology education. According to the invention, the 3D printer is subjected to resonance compensation according to the motion parameters of the printing part of the 3D printer, so that the mechanical vibration in the printing process is eliminated, the printing quality and effect are improved, and the problem that the existing 3D printer adopting the FDM forming process cannot automatically perform mechanical structure vibration measurement and compensation is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D printing control system dedicated for information technology education according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printer Gcode transmission manner in a conventional FDM molding process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a resonance compensation flow provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an axial resonance frequency peak curve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an AI image recognition process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a multi-machine collaborative management structure based on the internet of things according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the 3D printer Gcode transmission mode of the conventional FDM molding process is shown. When the 3D printer starts to print, a first layer of the model can be printed on the printing platform, whether the printing of the first layer is successful or not directly determines whether the subsequent printing is effective or not, and also determines the texture effect of the model attached to the printing platform. Typically consumer grade FDM 3D printers do not have the ability to calibrate the print quality of the first layer using AI image recognition. Therefore, a set of FDM 3D printing system with various auxiliary means and capable of being applied to information technology education is developed, so that the FDM 3D printer is easier to use, and the printing effect of the 3D printer can be optimized in an auxiliary mode.
The invention aims to provide a 3D printing control system special for information technology education, which performs resonance compensation on a 3D printer through motion parameters of a printing part of the 3D printer so as to eliminate mechanical vibration in a printing process, thereby improving printing quality and effect and solving the problem that the existing 3D printer adopting an FDM forming process cannot perform mechanical structure vibration measurement and compensation by itself.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a 3D printing control system dedicated for information technology education, including: upper computer and lower computer.
The upper computer is a Linux system upper computer based on the embedded SoC, and comprises an embedded SoC chip and a resonance detection component.
The embedded SoC-based Linux system upper computer mainly comprises an embedded SoC chip capable of running a complete Linux operating system, a Nand chip for data storage and temporary storage and a random read-write RAM memory. Functionally, the upper computer comprises various interfaces: the device comprises a USB interface and a CAN bus interface which are used for connecting a lower computer. The USB interface is mainly used as a Host (Host) interface of USB communication and is connected with a USB Slave (Slave) interface of a lower computer; the host computer includes a general purpose input output interface (GPIO) for connecting with a peripheral device, and the general purpose input output interface (GPIO) is a general purpose interface led out from the embedded SoC chip, and the general purpose input output interface includes a plurality of digital interfaces and analog input interfaces, and a multiplexed dedicated interface, such as IIC, SPI, CAN.
Such interfaces are external communication interfaces commonly used in embedded systems, and the IIC bus interface can be connected with a low-resolution display screen or a sensor of the IIC bus protocol; the SPI interface is also a common embedded communication interface, and the interface can be connected with a common sensor, a display screen or other peripherals; the CAN bus interface CAN be accessed to the peripheral based on the CAN bus protocol according to the user demand, and in the embodiment, the upper computer CAN bus interface is used for connecting the lower computer in a CAN bus mode.
And a sensor and network module for resonance detection of the 3D printer. The upper computer comprises an embedded SoC-level chip of a complete Linux operating system to be operated, and besides a CPU unit with higher performance, the chip also generally integrates an NPU unit capable of AI acceleration and a plurality of functional modules, including an input/output interface, an Ethernet module, a display/output module, various special interfaces and the like.
1. FDM 3D printer resonance measurement and resonance compensation based on multi-axis sensor.
And the resonance detection component is used for carrying out resonance measurement on the printing component of the 3D printer to obtain the motion parameters of the printing component. When the device is used, the device can be used for collecting the resonance frequency of a mechanical part (printing head) of the 3D printer in the printing process, and further assist in completing resonance compensation, so that the problem of poor printing effect of the 3D printer caused by structural resonance is solved. Resonance detection and resonance compensation may be resumed when the user adds a device to the 3D printer or changes the location of the 3D printer.
The resonance detection component is a vibration source component and a resonance detection sensor, and the resonance detection sensor is used for measuring the motion parameters of the printing component when the vibration source component acts on the printing component; the motion parameters of the printing component include motion acceleration in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction.
The upper computer also comprises a filtering component; the filtering component is used for filtering the motion parameters to obtain the motion parameters required by the embedded SoC chip.
When the embedded SoC chip is used, the embedded SoC chip is used for running an embedded Linux OS and running various 3D printing services and network services on a Linux system, including 3D printing control UI interface display, abnormal state error reporting and the like.
The embedded SoC chip comprises a compensation value calculation unit, and the compensation value calculation unit is used for calculating to obtain a resonance compensation value according to the motion parameters.
The lower computer is based on an embedded 32-bit MCU, and comprises an embedded MCU chip.
The embedded MCU chip comprises an instruction adjusting unit and a motion control unit.
The instruction adjusting unit is used for adjusting the motion control instruction according to the resonance compensation value to obtain an adjustment control instruction.
The motion control unit is used for controlling the motion of the printing component of the 3D printer according to the adjustment control instruction so as to obtain a 3D model for eliminating the vibration influence of the printing component of the 3D printer; the 3D model is a 3D model for information technology education.
For 3D printers of FDM molding processes, the X, Y axis of the printer is required to reciprocate linearly at 90 degrees for acceleration and deceleration during operation, and typically the X, Y axis of such 3D printers uses a mechanical structure (printing component) of a linear optical axis and a linear bearing, a linear guide and a slider, and a sled and a timing belt. The mechanical structure has larger or smaller mechanical vibration in the movement process. Because such vibrations can produce regular vibration patterns to the outer facade of the 3D model that the printing is accomplished, influence the appearance quality of FDM 3D prints the finished product, also influence the FDM and print the mechanical cooperation precision of finished product.
Therefore, in this embodiment, the multi-axis sensor is used to perform vibration detection on the X, Y axis of the 3D printer, and a special vibration compensation algorithm is used to calculate the vibration detection data, so as to obtain vibration compensation data (resonance compensation value) for the 3D printer, so that vibration compensation is performed in the subsequent printing process, so as to eliminate mechanical vibration in the printing process. Thereby improving printing quality and effect.
Before resonance compensation is performed on the mechanical structure, a dedicated triaxial acceleration sensor needs to be used to perform resonance measurement on the mechanical structure of the 3D printer, that is, the resonance detection sensor (i.e., triaxial acceleration sensor) in fig. 2 acquires motion accelerations in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction. In this embodiment, the resonance detection sensor may be an ADXL345 triaxial acceleration sensor. The ADXL345 triaxial acceleration sensor can measure the acceleration of the mechanical structure in three vertical directions; and vibration data of different frequencies are measured at different vibration frequencies. After the resonance measurement is completed, the acquired data needs to be resolved using a resonance compensation algorithm to generate a resonance compensation value required for eliminating resonance peaks that may occur in the output of the triaxial acceleration sensor.
The resonance compensation algorithm is run as a software function by the Linux system that is carried by the embedded SoC of fig. 1. As shown in fig. 3, the resonance compensation adjustment process includes the following steps.
Step 1: resonance data is collected: the resonance detection sensor shown in fig. 2 is connected to the vicinity of the hot side nozzle of the 3D printer to collect a series of motion parameters (acceleration data) at different frequencies, and specifically, the vibration source component, which may be a cooling fan in this embodiment, is mounted on the X, Y, Z shaft.
The acceleration data includes motion accelerations in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction.
Step 2: a filter is applied: the filtering means of the present embodiment comprises a variable bandwidth low pass filter and a fixed bandwidth low pass filter. And processing the acceleration data by using a variable bandwidth low-pass filter and a fixed bandwidth low-pass filter to obtain preliminary acceleration data, namely, the motion parameters required by the embedded SoC chip. The variable bandwidth low-pass wave recorder and the fixed bandwidth low-pass filter are filters built in the ADXL345 triaxial acceleration sensor chip.
Step 3: analysis data: the collected acceleration data is analyzed to find out the frequency of resonance. As shown in the following chart, after the data output by the ADXL345 sensor are collated, the axial resonance frequency peak value graph shown in fig. 4 can be generated, the graph records the resonance curves of the X-axis direction/the Y-axis direction/the Z-axis direction and the x+y+z-axis direction, and in the curve, the resonance peak of the data item in the x+y+z-axis direction can be seen to be 34.4Hz, namely the resonance frequency of the current 3D printer.
Step 4: debugging and optimizing: debugging and optimization is performed to ensure the validity of the resonance compensation algorithm. The filtering effect is evaluated by re-collecting the data and analyzing it, and adjusted as necessary.
After the filter is applied, the overall resonance state can be tried to be changed by introducing different vibration variables multiple times, for example, a vibration source component (such as a cooling fan) installed on the X, Y, Z shaft can be set to different vibration intervals in the process of acquiring resonance compensation data multiple times so as to optimize the overall resonance compensation parameters.
2. FDM 3D printing effect detection and automatic fine adjustment based on AI image recognition.
The embedded SoC chip further comprises an NPU unit; the NPU unit is used for: identifying the target image to obtain the actual measurement distance between the nozzle of the 3D printer and the printing platform; determining a distance adjustment instruction according to the measured distance and the theoretical distance; the distance adjustment instruction is used for: adjusting the actual measurement distance between the nozzle and the printing platform, and enabling the difference value between the actual measurement distance between the nozzle and the printing platform and the theoretical distance to be smaller than a set threshold value; and the target image is obtained by shooting a test model of the nozzle printed on the printing platform by a camera.
In the aspect of identifying the target image and obtaining the actual measurement distance between the nozzle of the 3D printer and the printing platform, the NPU unit is used for: and identifying the target image by using a CNN convolutional neural network algorithm to obtain the actual measurement distance between the nozzle of the 3D printer and the printing platform.
There are often a variety of situations where the 3D print first layer of FDM is unfavorable for subsequent printing, including: the consumable is too much or too little in the process of extruding the consumable through the nozzle, the consumable cannot be well adhered to the 3D printing platform, and the consumable nozzle is too far or too close to the printing platform. The present embodiment thus utilizes AI image recognition to automatically detect the first layer quality of FDM 3D printing. And acquiring and identifying the image of the 3D printing first layer effect by using a fully trained AI image identification model. As shown in fig. 5, the FDM 3D printing effect detection and automatic fine adjustment based on AI image recognition is performed as follows.
A) Initializing a printer state: and starting the printing platform heating and the nozzle heating according to the preset printing configuration data, and waiting for finishing. And then a leveling probe is called to automatically detect the flatness of the printing platform.
B) Cleaning the nozzle: and starting the extrusion motor to extrude a section of consumable wire, and moving the nozzle to the surface of the metal brush to scrape away residual or exuded consumable waste.
C) Testing and calibrating: moving the nozzle to the printing platform, calling the extrusion motor to start printing a section of test model, wherein the test model can be a plurality of continuous and closely attached lines for testing the distance between the nozzle and the printing platform.
D) Image acquisition: and when the consumable pre-extrusion starts, synchronously calling a camera installed near the nozzle to shoot a test model printed on the printing platform, and generating a high-definition image video stream. The high definition image video stream includes a number of frames of target images.
E) AI image analysis: feeding a shot high-definition image video stream to an AI image recognition model, wherein the AI image recognition model recognizes a test model in a target image in the high-definition image video stream, and in the recognition process, the actual measurement distance between a nozzle and a printing platform can be obtained mainly by recognizing the width of the test line in the test model, the attachment degree of the printed consumable on the platform and whether the test model is tilted or not through the test line printed on the printing platform by a 3D printing nozzle. The measured distance is compared with the theoretical distance to determine a distance adjustment instruction, specifically, the embodiment sets a set threshold, the set threshold is a range of values, the measured distance between the nozzle and the printing platform is within the set range of values, and the printer meets the use requirement of the embodiment.
If the nozzle is far away from the printing platform (namely, the difference value between the actual measurement distance and the theoretical distance of the nozzle and the printing platform is not smaller than the set threshold upper limit), adjusting the distance between the nozzle and the printing platform by taking 0.08mm as a stepping unit, continuing printing, continuing shooting, and continuing identification; if the nozzle is identified to be too close to the printing platform (namely, the difference value between the actual measured distance and the theoretical distance of the nozzle and the printing platform is smaller than the set threshold lower limit), the adjusting process adjusts the distance between the nozzle and the printing platform in the opposite direction by taking 0.08mm as a stepping unit until the using requirement is met.
The AI image recognition mainly uses Tensorflow as a main framework, and uses a CNN convolutional neural network algorithm to complete AI image recognition model training, namely an AI image recognition model.
F) Finishing the fine tuning flow and starting the formal printing task.
3. Multi-machine collaborative management based on Internet of things.
The upper computer also comprises a network module; and the upper computer is respectively in bidirectional communication connection with a plurality of lower computers through the network module. The wired or wireless network module is used for connecting a wired local area network and a wireless local area network when in use, and a user can remotely access the control system of the 3D printer through a computer connected to the local area network, namely, the printer is controlled on the computer, the mobile phone or the tablet computer.
The 3D printing control system special for information technology education provided by the embodiment has the internet of things multi-machine collaborative management function. In the educational and teaching scenario, it is generally responsible for managing 3D printing apparatuses by a lecturer, or managing 3D printing apparatuses by a teaching assistant lecturer. The typical FDM 3D printing process is slow, and one 3D printer often cannot complete the fast (within 45 minutes) printing of multiple models. Therefore, multiple 3D printers are required to cooperatively complete print jobs for multiple models.
As shown in FIG. 6, the multi-computer collaborative management function based on the Internet of things can enable the upper computer to be in bidirectional communication connection with a plurality of lower computers, and can enable the upper computer to be simultaneously connected with a plurality of FDM 3D printers. The lower computers of the printers can be connected to the same exchanger or router in the same local area network in a wired or wireless mode, and an administrator or teacher can access the web management page of the upper computer of the 3D printing system through the teaching computer which is also connected to the local area network, and can perform tasks such as task delivery, task management, file transmission, remote control (remote delivery of printing tasks) and the like through the interface.
The single upper computer CAN be connected with a plurality of lower computers through a USB interface or a CAN bus, so that one upper computer CAN manage a plurality of lower computers simultaneously, namely one lower computer maps one 3D printer.
The 3D printing control system includes one upper computer and one or more lower computers in a system configuration. Wherein, a single upper computer and a single lower computer can be combined into a complete 3D printer control system; when a single upper computer is combined with a plurality of lower computers, the multi-computer cooperative control can be realized, namely, one upper computer can simultaneously control a plurality of 3D printers, and the tasks of the plurality of 3D printers, file management, movement states and the like can be respectively controlled.
The embedded 32-bit MCU chip-based lower computer mainly comprises an embedded MCU chip for running a real-time bare metal program and an off-chip ROM for storing configuration files. Other functions include a power module for supplying power and a heating controller and stepper motor driver; the device comprises a TTL serial port to USB interface and a CAN bus interface for connecting an upper computer, a GPIO interface and an air cooling device interface in terms of the connectable performance. The TTL serial port-to-USB interface is used for converting TTL of the lower computer into USB and accessing the upper computer through the USB interface. The lower computer GPIO interface is used for accessing other external devices, and meanwhile, the GPIO also comprises various special interfaces including SPI interfaces, IIC interfaces and the like.
The lower computer comprises an embedded MCU chip for controlling mechanical movement, fan heat dissipation, electric heating and other control interfaces, and is mainly used as a power calculation core of the lower computer, CAN receive a control command of the upper computer through a USB-to-TTL serial port or a CAN bus, and simultaneously returns sensor data connected with the lower computer through GPIO to the upper computer.
The control command of the upper computer is a control command sent by the upper computer to the lower computer through the communication bus under the operation of a user, and such quality is usually sent in the form of a Gcode, which usually contains a code beginning with "M" and a code beginning with "G". The control instructions comprise controlling the fan to be turned on, the heater to be turned on and turned off, and the like. In addition, the lower computer comprises an independent off-chip ROM for providing additional storage space for real-time system data files running in the embedded MCU. And the off-chip ROM is used for providing extra storage space for the embedded MCU of the lower computer and storing a larger embedded real-time system.
The lower computer also comprises a power module, and the power module is used for providing power.
The lower computer also comprises a heating control module (heating controller); the heating control module is used for controlling the heating temperature of consumable materials required by the 3D printer so as to enable the consumable materials to reach a molten state.
The power module mainly provides the needed power for each circuit combination of the lower computer. Because the 3D printer based on the FDM molding process is used for heating consumable wires to a molten state and providing a heated printing platform, the heating control module is required to provide high-power heating control for the part to be heated, and the power supply module and the heating control module are directly controlled by the embedded MCU of the lower computer, so that the heating and temperature control are provided for the part to be heated in a switch mode.
The lower computer also comprises a stepping motor driver. The stepping motor is a common accurate moving part in the 3D printer for education and teaching, and is used for driving the connected stepping motor when in use, and the moving state of the stepping motor is controlled in a mode that after a moving instruction (each 3D printer control instruction issued by a user) is sent to the stepping motor driver through an embedded MCU of the lower computer, stepping pulses are sent to the stepping motor through the stepping motor driver.
The lower computer also comprises an air cooling fan heat control module (an air cooling fan heat controller); the air cooling fan heat control module is used for radiating the printed 3D model so as to solidify the 3D model.
Because the 3D printer of FDM shaping technology needs to heat the consumable to the molten state, consequently need dispel the heat to the 3D model that has printed in whole printing process, make it solidify in the twinkling of an eye, good model heat dissipation can strengthen 3D effectively and print the shaping effect, also can assist to promote 3D printing speed to a certain extent. In use, the fan used for controlling the cooling of the printed 3D model can control the fan speed, and the fan speed can also be controlled in a planned way in the 3D printing process.
The invention has the following beneficial effects.
1. The invention can complete resonance measurement and resonance compensation based on a multi-axis sensor (resonance detection sensor), thereby assisting in solving 3D printing flaws caused by mechanical resonance.
2. FDM 3D printing effect detection and automatic fine setting based on AI image recognition can promote 3D printer's self-perception and automatic adjustment ability, and then promotes 3D printer's reliability.
3. Multi-machine collaborative management based on the Internet of things can assist a user to control a plurality of 3D printers simultaneously, and particularly in an education scene, the use burden of teachers is greatly reduced.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A 3D printing control system dedicated to information technology education, the 3D printing control system comprising: the upper computer and the lower computer;
the upper computer comprises an embedded SoC chip and a resonance detection component;
the resonance detection component is used for carrying out resonance measurement on a printing component of the 3D printer to obtain the motion parameters of the printing component; the resonance detection component is a vibration source component and a resonance detection sensor, and the resonance detection sensor is used for measuring the motion parameters of the printing component when the vibration source component acts on the printing component; the motion parameters of the printing component comprise motion acceleration in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction;
the embedded SoC chip at least comprises a compensation value calculation unit, wherein the compensation value calculation unit is used for obtaining a resonance compensation value through calculation according to the motion parameters;
the lower computer comprises an embedded MCU chip;
the embedded MCU chip comprises an instruction adjusting unit and a motion control unit;
the instruction adjusting unit is used for adjusting the motion control instruction according to the resonance compensation value to obtain an adjustment control instruction;
the motion control unit is used for controlling the motion of the printing component of the 3D printer according to the adjustment control instruction so as to obtain a 3D model for eliminating the vibration influence of the printing component of the 3D printer; the 3D model is a 3D model for information technology education.
2. The 3D printing control system dedicated for information technology education as recited in claim 1 wherein the upper computer further comprises a filtering part; the filtering component is used for filtering the motion parameters to obtain the motion parameters required by the embedded SoC chip.
3. The 3D printing control system dedicated for information technology education of claim 1 wherein the embedded SoC chip further comprises an NPU unit; the NPU unit is used for:
identifying the target image to obtain the actual measurement distance between the nozzle of the 3D printer and the printing platform;
determining a distance adjustment instruction according to the measured distance and the theoretical distance; the distance adjustment instruction is used for: adjusting the actual measurement distance between the nozzle and the printing platform, and enabling the difference value between the actual measurement distance between the nozzle and the printing platform and the theoretical distance to be smaller than a set threshold value; and the target image is obtained by shooting a test model of the nozzle printed on the printing platform by a camera.
4. A 3D printing control system dedicated to information technology education according to claim 3 wherein the NPU unit is configured to, in identifying the target image, obtain a measured distance between a nozzle of the 3D printer and the printing platform: and identifying the target image by using a CNN convolutional neural network algorithm to obtain the actual measurement distance between the nozzle of the 3D printer and the printing platform.
5. The 3D printing control system dedicated to information technology education as recited in claim 1 wherein the upper computer further comprises a network module; and the upper computer is respectively in bidirectional communication connection with a plurality of lower computers through the network module.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the lower computer further comprises a power module for providing power.
7. The 3D printing control system dedicated to information technology education as recited in claim 1 wherein the lower computer further comprises a heating control module; the heating control module is used for controlling the heating temperature of consumable materials required by the 3D printer so as to enable the consumable materials to reach a molten state.
8. The 3D printing control system dedicated for information technology education as recited in claim 1 wherein the lower computer further comprises an air cooling fan heat control module; the air cooling fan heat control module is used for radiating the printed 3D model so as to solidify the 3D model.
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