CN117399587B - High-temperature alloy part forming method and device - Google Patents
High-temperature alloy part forming method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN117399587B CN117399587B CN202311566543.5A CN202311566543A CN117399587B CN 117399587 B CN117399587 B CN 117399587B CN 202311566543 A CN202311566543 A CN 202311566543A CN 117399587 B CN117399587 B CN 117399587B
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal casting, and particularly relates to a high-temperature alloy part forming method and device. The method comprises the following steps: step S1: heating the metal mixed powder into liquid alloy in a vacuum environment by the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold; step S2: the high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device drives the high-temperature centrifugal casting die to rotate at a high speed, and the liquid alloy is attached to the inner surface of the profiling groove of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die under the action of centrifugal force; step S3: cooling the high-temperature centrifugal casting die, and gradually crystallizing and solidifying the liquid alloy; step S4: the vacuum robot drives the rotary space curved surface cone to rotationally extrude alloy; step S5: the rotary space curved surface cone is separated from the high-temperature centrifugal casting die; step S6: and obtaining the rotary type thin-wall workpiece of the high-temperature alloy material with refined crystallization and high lattice compactness. According to the invention, the lattice fineness of the material is controlled by extruding the high-temperature alloy material, the material performance is improved, the roughness of the inner surface is reduced, and the concave shape meets the process requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal casting, and particularly relates to a high-temperature alloy part forming method and device.
Background
The high-temperature alloy is a metal material which is based on iron, nickel and cobalt, can work for a long time under the action of high temperature above 600 ℃ and certain stress, and has the comprehensive properties of higher high-temperature strength, good oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, good fatigue property, fracture toughness and the like, and the rotary type thin-wall workpiece of the high-temperature alloy material has great difficulty in casting and processing due to thin wall of the workpiece. At present, a centrifugal casting process is adopted for a high-temperature alloy material rotary type opposite thin-wall workpiece, the casting process window of the thin-wall workpiece is narrow, metallurgical defects such as looseness and rough inner surface are easy to occur, the concave shape of the inner surface cannot meet the process requirements of the workpiece, and the machining and subsequent assembly requirements cannot be well met. Therefore, it is necessary to design a method and apparatus for forming a superalloy component to address the deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a high-temperature alloy piece forming method and a high-temperature alloy piece forming device, which are used for solving the problems that the traditional centrifugal casting process is easy to have metallurgical defects such as looseness, rough inner surface and the like, and the concave shape of the inner surface cannot meet the process requirements of a workpiece.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a method for forming a superalloy component, comprising the steps of:
step S1: heating the metal mixed powder in the profiling groove by the high-temperature centrifugal casting die in a vacuum environment to change the metal mixed powder into liquid alloy;
step S2: the high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device drives the high-temperature centrifugal casting die to rotate at a high speed, and the liquid alloy is attached to the inner surface of the profiling groove of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die under the action of centrifugal force to achieve dynamic balance;
step S3: cooling the high-temperature centrifugal casting die to gradually crystallize and solidify the liquid alloy in the imitation groove;
step S4: in the gradual crystallization and solidification process of the liquid alloy, the vacuum robot drives the rotary space curved surface cone to be in contact with the alloy which is attached to the inner surface of the profiling groove and gradually crystallized and solidified, and the vacuum robot drives the rotary space curved surface cone to rotate, so that the purposes of crystal refinement and shape control in the high-temperature alloy solidification process are achieved;
step S5: the vacuum robot drives the rotary space curved surface cone to separate from the high-temperature centrifugal casting die;
step S6: and jacking a jacking rod at the bottom of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die to obtain the rotary type thin-wall workpiece of the high-temperature alloy material with fine crystallization and high lattice compactness.
In one possible implementation, the convex space curved surface of the rotary space curved surface cone is in space curve contact with the crystallized and solidified alloy on the inner surface of the profiling groove, and the rotation axis of the rotary space curved surface cone is non-collinear with the driving axis of the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold.
In one possible implementation, the rotational speed difference between the space curvature cone and the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold is such that the convex space curvature of the space curvature cone slides against the crystallized and solidified alloy attached to the inner surface of the trough.
In one possible implementation, the liquid alloy in the profiling groove is prevented from overflowing by a revolving cover arranged at the top of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die, and the revolving cover is provided with a central hole for enabling the revolving space curved cone to enter and exit.
In one possible implementation, the high temperature centrifugal casting mold uses the thickness of the insulation material to control the cooling rate.
The invention also provides a device for realizing the high-temperature alloy piece forming method, which comprises a high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device, a high-temperature centrifugal casting die, a lifting rod, a rotary space curved surface cone and a vacuum robot, wherein the high-temperature centrifugal casting die is arranged on the high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device and is driven to rotate at a high speed by the high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device, the high-temperature centrifugal casting die is provided with a simulated groove, and the lifting rod capable of lifting is arranged at the bottom of the simulated groove; the execution tail end of the vacuum robot is provided with a rotary space curved surface cone which is used for rotationally extruding alloy in the imitation groove in a gradual crystallization solidification process.
In one possible implementation, the rotationally space curved cone has an outer convex space curved surface; when the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold works, the convex space curved surface is in line contact with the alloy attached to the inner surface of the imitation groove for crystallization and solidification, and the rotation axis of the rotary space curved surface cone is non-collinear with the driving axis of the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold.
In one possible implementation manner, the rotational space curved surface cone and the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold realize extrusion molding of the alloy in the crystallization solidification process through linear speed difference.
In one possible implementation manner, a revolving cover with a central hole is arranged at the top of the high-temperature centrifugal casting mould, and the central hole of the revolving cover can enable the revolving space curved cone to enter and exit.
In one possible implementation manner, the vacuum robot comprises a Y-axis linear module, a Z-axis linear module, an X-axis linear module, an R-axis rotary driving module and an R-axis which are sequentially connected, wherein the R-axis is parallel to the Z-axis linear module, and the lower end of the R-axis is connected with the rotary space curved surface cone, so that the rotary space curved surface cone has the freedom degree of translating along the X, Y, Z axis direction and rotating around the R-axis.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: according to the high-temperature alloy piece forming method, in the centrifugal casting process of the high-temperature alloy material, the lattice fineness of the material can be controlled by extruding the high-temperature alloy material, the material performance of the material is improved, the roughness of the inner surface of a workpiece is reduced, and the concave shape of the inner surface of the workpiece meets the process drawing of the workpiece.
The high-temperature alloy part forming device provided by the invention has a simple structure, and achieves the purposes of improving alloy lattice compactness, controlling the shape of the revolution opposite thin-wall concave surface of a high-temperature alloy material and reducing the internal surface roughness through the crystallization refinement in the solidification process of the high-temperature alloy by the extrusion line speed difference.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a superalloy component forming device in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a superalloy component forming device in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view b-b of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a superalloy component of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an isometric view of a space-curved cone of revolution in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure: 1-high temperature centrifugal casting driving device, 2-high temperature centrifugal casting die, 3-revolving cover, 4-lifting rod, 5-high temperature alloy material revolving anisotropic thin-wall workpiece, 501-outer convex surface, 502-inner concave surface, 503-workpiece edge, 6-revolving space curved surface cone, 601-outer convex space curved surface, 602-cylindrical hole, 7-vacuum robot, 701-Y axis straight line die set, 702-Z axis straight line die set, 703-X axis straight line die set, 704-R axis rotary driving die set, 705-R axis, 8-driving axis, 9-revolving axis and 10-imitation groove.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
According to the high-temperature alloy piece forming method, in the centrifugal casting process of the high-temperature alloy material, the lattice fineness of the material can be controlled by extruding the high-temperature alloy material, the material performance of the material is improved, the roughness of the inner surface of a workpiece is reduced, and the concave shape of the inner surface of the workpiece meets the workpiece process drawing. Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the method for forming a superalloy component comprises the steps of:
step S1: heating the metal mixed powder in the profiling groove 10 by the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2 in a vacuum environment to change the metal mixed powder into liquid alloy;
step S2: the high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device 1 drives the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2 to rotate at a high speed, and the liquid alloy is attached to the inner surface of the profiling groove 10 of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2 under the action of centrifugal force to achieve dynamic balance;
step S3: the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2 is cooled, so that the liquid alloy in the profiling groove 10 is gradually crystallized and solidified;
step S4: in the gradual crystallization and solidification process of the liquid alloy, the vacuum robot 7 drives the rotary space curved surface cone 6 to be in contact with the alloy attached to the inner surface of the profiling groove 10 and gradually crystallized and solidified, and the vacuum robot 7 drives the rotary space curved surface cone 6 to rotate, so that the purposes of crystal refinement and shape control in the high-temperature alloy solidification process are achieved;
step S5: the vacuum robot 7 drives the rotary space curved surface cone 6 to separate from the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2;
step S6: and jacking a jacking rod 4 at the bottom of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2 to obtain the rotary type thin-wall workpiece 5 of the high-temperature alloy material with fine crystallization and high lattice compactness.
In the embodiment of the invention, the convex space curved surface 601 of the rotary space curved surface cone 6 is in space curve contact with the space concave curved surface of the crystallization solidified alloy on the inner surface of the profiling groove 10, and the physical contact characteristic of the space concave curved surface is in accordance with the Hertz contact theory. Further, the rotation axis 9 of the space curvature cone 6 is non-collinear with the drive axis 8 of the high temperature centrifugal casting mold 2, as shown in fig. 2 and 3.
Further, the rotary space curved surface cone 6 and the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold 2 have relative rotation speed difference, so that the convex space curved surface 601 of the rotary space curved surface cone 6 is in relative sliding contact friction with the alloy which is attached to the inner surface of the profiling groove 10 and gradually crystallized and solidified. In this way, the sliding friction force drives the high-temperature alloy material to rotate the lattice of the opposite-type thin-wall workpiece 5 from inside to outside as much as possible, not only extrusion stress and strain are utilized, but also shearing stress and strain are introduced to participate in lattice compactness of the high-temperature alloy material. The method can not only reduce the use of materials, but also effectively reduce casting stress, reduce defects of casting deformation, cracks, looseness and the like, and improve the qualification rate of castings and the technological yield.
Further, during the high-speed rotation of the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold 2, the liquid alloy in the profiling groove 10 is prevented from overflowing by the revolving cover 3 provided on the top of the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold 2, and the revolving cover 3 has a center hole enabling the revolving space curved cone 6 to enter and exit.
In the embodiment of the invention, the heating of the metal mixed powder is realized through the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold 2 and the jacking rod 4, and the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold 2 controls the cooling speed by using the thickness of the heat insulation material. Specifically, the metal mixed powder contains a plurality of metal elements, for example, a plurality of elements such as titanium, aluminum, magnesium, nickel, and the like.
According to the high-temperature alloy piece forming method, through controlling the heating temperature and the centrifugal casting time in the centrifugal casting process, the size and the contour precision of the high-temperature alloy thin-wall casting can meet the process size requirement to the greatest extent, and meanwhile, the high-temperature mechanical property of the high-temperature alloy thin-wall workpiece can be remarkably improved.
Based on the above design concept, another embodiment of the present invention provides a superalloy component forming device capable of realizing the superalloy component forming method in the above embodiment. Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the high-temperature alloy part forming device comprises a high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device 1, a high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2, a lifting rod 4, a rotary space curved surface cone 6 and a vacuum robot 7, wherein the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2 is arranged on the high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device 1 and is driven to rotate at a high speed by the high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device 1, the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2 is provided with a profiling groove 10, and the lifting rod 4 capable of lifting is arranged at the bottom of the profiling groove 10; the execution end of the vacuum robot 7 is provided with a rotary space curved surface cone 6, and the rotary space curved surface cone 6 is used for rotationally extruding alloy in the imitation groove 10 in a gradual crystallization solidification process so as to finally obtain the high-temperature alloy material rotary opposite thin-wall workpiece 5 with fine crystallization and high lattice compactness.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, the whole space curved surface cone 6 is in a conical structure, the center of the space curved surface cone 6 is provided with a cylindrical hole 602 for connecting with the execution end of the vacuum robot 7, and the outer surface is an outer convex space curved surface 601. During operation, the convex space curved surface 601 is in line contact with the alloy which is attached to the inner surface of the profiling groove 10 and gradually crystallized and solidified, the rotation axis 9 of the rotary space curved surface cone 6 is non-collinear with the driving axis 8 of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2, and the driving axis 8 is also the central axis of the profiling groove 10.
Further, extrusion molding of the alloy in the crystallization solidification process is realized through linear speed difference between the rotary space curved cone 6 and the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2. That is, the convex space curved surface 601 of the rotary space curved surface cone 6 drives the crystal lattice of the alloy from inside to outside as much as possible through the relative sliding friction force with the alloy which is gradually crystallized and solidified on the inner surface of the profiling groove 10, not only utilizes extrusion stress and strain, but also introduces shearing stress and strain to participate in the crystal lattice compactness of the superalloy material, thereby achieving the purposes of crystal refinement, improving the crystal lattice compactness, controlling the shape inside and reducing the roughness of the inner surface in the solidification process of the superalloy.
Further, a revolving cover 3 with a central hole is arranged at the top of the high-temperature centrifugal casting mould 2, and the central hole of the revolving cover 3 can enable a revolving space curved cone 6 to enter and exit so as to facilitate the process operation.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the invention, the vacuum robot 7 includes a Y-axis linear module 701, a Z-axis linear module 702, an X-axis linear module 703, an R-axis rotation driving module 704, and an R-axis 705, which are sequentially connected, wherein the R-axis 705 is parallel to the Z-axis linear module 702, and the lower end of the R-axis rotation driving module is connected to the curved surface cone 6 of the rotating space, so that the curved surface cone 6 of the rotating space has a degree of freedom of translating along the X, Y, Z axis direction and rotating around the R-axis. Specifically, the Y-axis linear module 701, the Z-axis linear module 702, the X-axis linear module 703, and the R-axis rotary driving module 704 are all of the prior art, and any of the prior art capable of implementing the above functions may be adopted, which is not described herein. The high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device 1 also adopts any one of the rotary driving mechanisms in the prior art, and is not particularly limited herein.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a high temperature alloy part forming apparatus, the specific implementation process of which includes the following steps:
step S1: the high-temperature alloy piece forming device provided by the invention is arranged in a vacuum chamber, the top of the jacking rod 4 is arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2, and metal mixed powder is arranged in the profiling groove 10 of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2.
Step S2: and after the vacuum chamber is closed and sealed, vacuumizing the vacuum chamber.
Step S3: the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2 and the lifting rod 4 heat the metal mixed powder to change the metal mixed powder into a liquid alloy.
Step S4: the high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device 1 drives the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2 to rotate at a high speed around the driving axis 8, and the liquid alloy is attached to the inner wall of the profiling groove 10 under the action of centrifugal force and gravity until dynamic balance is achieved.
Step S5: the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold 2 is controllably cooled, preferably in contact with heat conduction, and the cooling speed is controlled by using the thickness of the heat insulation material; in the process, the vacuum robot 7 drives the rotary space curved surface cone 6 to enter the profiling groove 10, the convex space curved surface 601 of the rotary space curved surface cone 6 is in space curve contact with the alloy which is gradually crystallized and solidified, the vacuum robot 7 drives the rotary space curved surface cone 6 to rotate around the rotation axis 9 of the vacuum robot at a high speed, the convex space curved surface 601 and the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold 2 are extruded with a certain rotation speed difference, and the convex space curved surface 601 and the alloy which is attached to the inner surface of the profiling groove 10 are in relative sliding contact friction, so that the crystallization refinement of the high-temperature alloy in the solidifying process is achieved, and the purposes of improving the alloy lattice compactness, controlling the shape and reducing the internal surface roughness are achieved.
Step S6: the vacuum robot 7 drives the rotary space curved cone 6 to leave the upper area of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2;
step S7: breaking vacuum in the vacuum chamber and opening the vacuum door;
step S8: disassembling a rotary cover 3 at the top of the high-temperature centrifugal casting mold 2;
step S9: the lifting rod 4 is lifted to lift out the product formed in the imitation groove 10, and a high-temperature alloy material rotary type opposite thin-wall workpiece 5 with the concave surface 502 and the convex surface 501 meeting the technological requirements is obtained, and the workpiece edge 503 at the top of the high-temperature alloy material rotary type opposite thin-wall workpiece 5 can be processed in the subsequent processing, as shown in fig. 4.
In this embodiment, by using an extrusion principle with a certain linear velocity difference, the convex space curved surface 601 of the rotary space curved surface cone 6 and the concave surface 502 of the superalloy material rotary thin-walled workpiece 5 are relatively sliding friction, so as to drive the lattice of the superalloy material rotary thin-walled workpiece 5 from inside to outside as much as possible, not only by using extrusion stress and strain, but also by introducing shear stress and strain to participate in lattice compactness of the superalloy material. Therefore, the material use can be reduced, the casting stress can be effectively reduced, the defects of casting deformation, cracks, looseness and the like are reduced, and the casting qualification rate and the process yield are improved.
The invention adopts a vertical centrifugal casting process, and improves the organization of the high-temperature alloy by controlling the heating temperature and the cooling rate of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die 2. In the centrifugal casting process of the high-temperature alloy material, the linear speed difference extrusion mode is adopted to control the fineness of alloy crystal lattice, so that the material performance is improved, the concave shape of the inner surface of the thin-wall workpiece meets the drawing requirement of the workpiece, and meanwhile, the roughness of the inner surface is reduced. The thickness of the thin-wall workpiece 5 of the revolution type of the superalloy material can reach 3mm.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A method of forming a superalloy component comprising the steps of:
step S1: heating the metal mixed powder in the profiling groove (10) by the high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2) in a vacuum environment to change the metal mixed powder into liquid alloy;
step S2: the high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device (1) drives the high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2) to rotate at a high speed, and the liquid alloy is attached to the inner surface of the profiling groove (10) of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2) under the action of centrifugal force to achieve dynamic balance;
step S3: cooling the high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2) to gradually crystallize and solidify the liquid alloy in the imitation groove (10);
step S4: in the gradual crystallization and solidification process of the liquid alloy, the vacuum robot (7) drives the rotary space curved surface cone (6) to be in contact with the alloy which is attached to the inner surface of the profiling groove (10) and gradually crystallized and solidified, and the vacuum robot (7) drives the rotary space curved surface cone (6) to rotate, so that the purposes of crystal refinement and shape control in the high-temperature alloy solidification process are achieved;
step S5: the vacuum robot (7) drives the rotary space curved surface cone (6) to separate from the high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2);
step S6: jacking a jacking rod (4) at the bottom of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2) to obtain a high-temperature alloy material rotary anisotropic thin-wall workpiece (5) with fine crystallization and high lattice compactness;
the outer convex space curved surface (601) of the rotary space curved surface cone (6) is in space curve contact with the alloy crystallized and solidified on the inner surface of the imitation groove (10), and the rotation axis (9) of the rotary space curved surface cone (6) is non-collinear with the driving axis (8) of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2);
the rotary space curved surface cone (6) and the high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2) have rotation speed difference, so that the outer convex space curved surface (601) of the rotary space curved surface cone (6) and the crystallization solidified alloy attached to the inner surface of the imitation groove (10) are in relative sliding friction.
2. The method for forming a superalloy component according to claim 1, wherein the liquid alloy in the trough (10) is prevented from overflowing by a revolving cover (3) provided on top of the high temperature centrifugal casting die (2), and the revolving cover (3) has a center hole for the ingress and egress of the revolving space curved cone (6).
3. The method of forming a superalloy component according to claim 1, wherein the high temperature centrifugal casting die (2) is controlled in cooling rate by using the thickness of the heat insulating material.
4. A device for realizing the high-temperature alloy piece forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising a high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device (1), a high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2), a jacking rod (4), a rotary space curved surface cone (6) and a vacuum robot (7), wherein the high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2) is arranged on the high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device (1) and is driven to rotate at a high speed by the high-temperature centrifugal casting driving device (1), the high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2) is provided with a profiling groove (10), and the jacking rod (4) capable of lifting is arranged at the bottom of the profiling groove (10); the execution tail end of the vacuum robot (7) is provided with a rotary space curved surface cone (6), and the rotary space curved surface cone (6) is used for rotationally extruding alloy in the imitation groove (10) in a gradual crystallization solidification process;
the rotary space curved surface cone (6) is provided with an outer convex space curved surface (601); when the device works, the convex space curved surface (601) is in line contact with the alloy attached to the inner surface of the imitation groove (10) for crystallization and solidification, and the rotation axis (9) of the rotary space curved surface cone (6) is non-collinear with the driving axis (8) of the high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2);
the rotary space curved surface cone (6) and the high-temperature centrifugal casting die (2) realize extrusion molding of alloy in the crystallization solidification process through linear speed difference.
5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the vacuum robot (7) comprises a Y-axis linear module (701), a Z-axis linear module (702), an X-axis linear module (703), an R-axis rotation driving module (704) and an R-axis (705) which are sequentially connected, wherein the R-axis (705) is parallel to the Z-axis linear module (702), and the lower end is connected to the rotational space curved cone (6), so that the rotational space curved cone (6) has a degree of freedom of translation along a X, Y, Z axis direction and rotation around the R-axis.
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