CN117392331B - Visualization method of CAD file in three-dimensional scene based on vector tile serialization - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a visualization method of CAD files based on vector tile serialization in a three-dimensional scene, which comprises the steps of uploading CAD files and generating Geojson files with different geometric types through coordinate conversion and attribute analysis; the background generates element sets FeatureControlstation of different geometric types respectively, and builds a tile request; cutting elements with intersection between a tile boundary coordinate range and each element set FeatureContollection, storing different geometric types in different mvtLayer, serializing the geometric types into byte streams to form vector tiles, and constructing a vector tile byte stream to return to the front end; different mapboxstyle configurations are made according to different geometric types; the visual display of the vector tiles in the three-dimensional scene is realized. The invention realizes the automatic process of converting CAD files into GIS and releasing vector tiles by GIS, and effectively solves the scene requirement of loading large-scale vector data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of computer aided design, and particularly relates to a method for visualizing CAD files based on vector tile serialization in a three-dimensional scene.
Background
CAD (Computer Aided Design) computer aided design files are used as main result types widely applied to the design fields of planning, construction and the like, and most of the main result types are edited and checked in desktop software such as Auto CAD and the like. Along with the powerful construction of informatization projects such as smart cities and smart planning, a platform adopting a B/S architecture gradually becomes a mainstream technology model selection by utilizing the advantages of light weight, easy compatibility, strong interactivity and the like, and how to upload CAD files in a WebGIS system, view in real time and compare and analyze becomes one of the indispensable functional requirements in the projects. The current solutions are three:
1. CAD files are exported in a format of a GIS (geographic information system) such as ArcGISshape, geoJson, topJSON by means of software such as Arcmap, qgis and the like or a third-party plug-in, and are classified in a map engine to be displayed, loaded and displayed in categories such as points, lines and planes. The disadvantages are as follows: (1) the manual mode is converted, and the process is complicated; (2) aiming at small-scale data, the method can meet the requirements that a large amount of data can cause system blocking, and the visualization effect is poor;
2. after the mode 1 is converted into the GIS format, vector Tiles are cached in a geographic data server GeoServer by using Vector Tiles (Vector Tiles) extensibility plug-in and a geowebcache (map caching service), and Vector tile services are generated for a client to call. The disadvantages are as follows: (1) the manual mode is converted, and the process is complicated; (2) the efficiency is low, and the treatment time is long; (3) the memory occupation is high, and the breakdown is easy;
3. after conversion to GIS format using mode 1, geojson vector file is generated into mbtiles file using Tippecanoe (Tippecanoe is an open source vector slicing tool provided by mapbox authorities)(mbtilesIs thatBased on the standard specification of the sqllite database storage map tile data, the mbtilles file is the sqllite database realizing the specification) is stored, and then a tileserver-gl (vector slicing server is utilized to generate on-line scalable vector slicing map data) is utilized to carry out service release based on mbtilles for calling by a client. The disadvantages are as follows: (1) the manual mode is converted, the process is complex, and the Tippecanoe is configured in different system environments; (2) the data processing and service release cannot be automatically completed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a visualization method of CAD files based on vector tile serialization in a three-dimensional scene, which realizes real-time vector tile online calling, display and loading and improves the integrated display capability of the CAD files in a WebGIS system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for visualizing CAD files in a three-dimensional scene based on vector tile serialization comprises the following steps:
s1, receiving a CAD file specifying an original data coordinate system;
s2, carrying out coordinate conversion and attribute analysis on the CAD file to respectively generate Geojson files with different geometric types;
s3, based on the Geojson files with different geometric types, respectively generating element sets FeatureControlstation with different geometric types, and receiving a tile request of a client map engine; the tile request includes z, x, y; z represents the tile hierarchy, x represents the tile transverse number, y represents the tile longitudinal number
S4, setting a tile range and a tile buffer range according to z, x and y of a tile request, carrying out coordinate conversion on tile coordinates, solving a tile boundary coordinate range, cutting element features of intersections of the tile boundary coordinate range and element sets Featureresolution according to a cutting range, carrying out traversal conversion on attribute information into key/values key value pairs, storing the key/values in HashMap, and storing the cut element features in different mvtLayer classes according to different geometric types;
s5, traversing the layer mvtLayer class, converting the geometric information into tile coordinates by projection, compressing the geometric and attribute, finally serializing the geometric and attribute into a byte stream to form a vector tile, and returning the byte stream to the client;
s6, manufacturing different mapboxstyle configurations according to different geometric types;
s7, based on Mapbox style configuration, using a Mapbox-gl-js plug-in, and writing MVTImaggeryProvider through a Mapbox renderer to realize visual display of the vector tiles in the three-dimensional scene.
In step S2, coordinate transformation and attribute analysis are performed by using a third party open source library, and the coordinate transformation and attribute analysis are uniformly transformed into a CGCS2000 geographic coordinate system.
Further, in step S3, the element set featureresolution includes: and (3) referring to the geometric types in the jts library, respectively reading the Geojson file in the step (2), and respectively generating a point element set pointFeatureControlstation, a line element set lineFeaturColstation and a face element set PolygonFeatureControlstation.
Further, in step S3, the tile request is received under the Spring Boot framework through the HttpServletRequest interface.
Further, in step S4, the tile range is a fixed value 4096.
Further, the specific process of step S5 includes:
s501, traversing mvtLayer of different geometric types according to a vector tile protobuf coding rule;
s502, performing projection conversion on geometric information in element features to obtain tile coordinates;
s503, compressing geometry and attributes through Google Protobufs coding, and finally serializing the compressed geometry and attributes into byte streams to form vector tiles;
s504, returning the byte stream to the client by using the HttpServletR response.
Further, in step S6, the method specifically includes: and (3) performing transition by adopting a plug-in mapbox-gl-js of the mapbox, and respectively manufacturing mapbox style configurations for the geometric type layers with different dot lines and planes according to the specifications of the mapbox-gl.
Further, the step S7 specifically includes: and writing vector tile loading type MVTImaggeryProvider supported by Cesium through a Mapbox.BasicRenderer constructor by using a mapbox-gl-js made mapbox style configuration, styles of different geometric types and other parameters, and realizing the visual display of the vector tiles in a three-dimensional scene.
The invention further provides a system for visualizing the CAD file based on the vector tile serialization in the three-dimensional scene, and the system applies the method for visualizing the CAD file based on the vector tile serialization in the three-dimensional scene.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the automatic process of converting CAD files into GIS and GIS release vector tiles is realized, and the efficiency is greatly improved;
2. according to the invention, the vector tiles are used as a vector data visualization scheme, so that the problem of blocking caused by loading of large-scale data is effectively solved, and the scene requirement of loading large-scale vector data can be effectively solved;
3. the vector tiles are serialized into bytes, and data for loading specific positions and levels is dynamically generated in real time, so that the space for data storage is reduced, and a data request index scheduling mechanism is optimized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a technical implementation of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a unified modeling language UML diagram of the element set FeatureContollection of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a vector tile of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of encoded UML for vector tile serialization into byte streams in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
For the purpose of making the objects and features of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The core idea of the invention is to analyze the uploaded CAD file (dwg/dxf) based on the WebGIS system, and reorganize the data with different geometric types to generate the corresponding GeoJson. Based on the result, the method follows the feature of Mapbox vector slice standardization serialization into bytes, under the background framework of Springboot, the vector tiles are output in the form of byte streams for service release, and real-time vector tiles are called and displayed on line in a Cesium+Mapbox-gl combined three-dimensional map engine.
Based on the core thought, the method of the invention is shown in fig. 1, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: at the web page, CAD files (dwg/dxf) are assigned to the original data coordinate system and uploaded through the uploading interface of the web page.
Step 2: performing CAD file coordinate conversion and attribute analysis (unified conversion into a national geodetic coordinate system CGCS 2000) by using a third-party open source library such as GDAL and the like, traversing the obtained elements according to the points, the lines and the planes to obtain three types of Geojson files with different geometric types, and storing the Geojson files in the appointed directory position of a file server; the Geojson is a geospatial data exchange format based on JSON, and the Geojson supports geometric types.
Step 3: based on the geometry type in jts (a space predicate and function library of open source codes is used for processing geometry), geojson generated in the step 2 is read respectively through referencing a background program secondarily developed by jts libraries, and a point element set pointFeatureControlaction, a line element set lineFeatureControlaction and a surface element set PolygonFeatureContaction are generated respectively according to the class organization structure of the unified modeling language UML diagram of the element set FeatureContaction shown in fig. 2. Under the Spring Boot framework, constructing a tile request/tile/{ z }/{ x }/{ y } (wherein z represents a tile level, x represents a tile transverse number, and y represents a tile longitudinal number) through an HttpServletRequest; wherein HttpServletRequest is an interface for accepting a tile request from a client, and the client map engine requests a corresponding tile according to a z/x/y value corresponding to the view position.
Step 4: setting an extension (tile range, a fixed Value 4096) and a clipBuffer (tile buffer range) corresponding to a tile according to z, x and y of a request, carrying out coordinate conversion according to a conversion relation between tile coordinates and CGCS2000 geographic coordinates, solving a TileEnvelope (tile boundary) coordinate range corresponding to the tile at the moment, carrying out intersection on the range and pointFeatureCollection, lineFeatureCollection, polygonFeatureCollection stored in a memory, cutting element features with intersections according to a cutting range, carrying out traversal conversion on attribute information into Key/values Key Value pairs, storing HashMap (hash mapping, map interface realization based on a hash table, storing a set of Key-Value Key Value pairs, storing the cut elements in different mvtLayer classes according to different geometric types, and storing mvtLayer classes mainly used for managing face elements, including the adding and cutting methods of the geometric and attribute of the elements.
Step 5: traversing layers mvtflayer of different geometric types according to a vector tile protobuf coding rule, performing projection conversion on geometric information in element features into tile coordinates, wherein the conversion process comprises the steps of obtaining tile data in a specific range by utilizing a cutting scheme of the tile coordinate system as a correspondence according to a longitude and latitude range of a geographic coordinate system and the height of a current view angle, namely a hierarchy; the geometry and attributes are compressed by GoogleProtobufs coding, and finally, a vector tile VectorTile is formed by serializing byte streams into byte streams by using a toByteArray () method, the structure of the vector tile is shown in figure 3, and a UML diagram for coding the byte streams by serializing the vector tile is shown in figure 4. And finally, returning the byte stream to the client according to the request of the map engine of the client by utilizing the HttpServletResponse.
Step 6: because the final rendering scene depends on a Cesium library (JavaScript library based on WebGL for realizing high-performance 3D earth rendering) and does not support vector tile rendering, a plug-in mapbox-gl-js of a mapbox map engine is adopted for transition, the mapbox-gl.js is one of core dependency libraries on which the mapbox map engine depends, and the webGL is used for rendering an interactive map by taking vector tiles Vectortile and mapbox style as sources; wherein, the mapbox style configuration is required to be respectively manufactured for the geometric type layers with different dot line surfaces according to the specification of the mapbox-gl, and the mapbox style is used for manufacturing the map for the mapbox and comprises id (id identification), type (filling type), source (name of data source), source-layer (layer of data source), layrout (layout type attribute) and paint (drawing type attribute).
Step 7: and writing MVTImager yProvider supported by Cesium through a Mapbox.BasicRenderer constructor by using the mapbox-gl-js made mapbox style configuration, styles with different geometric types and other parameters, thereby realizing the visual display of the vector tiles in a three-dimensional scene. Wherein Mapbox.BasicRender is a unique rendering function of mapbox-gl.js, parameters in the map layer rendering function can be customized, and MVTImageryProvider is a vector tile loading class which is compiled by using a Mapbox.BasicRender construction function and supports loading in Cesium.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for visualizing a CAD file in a three-dimensional scene based on vector tile serialization, comprising:
s1, receiving a CAD file specifying an original data coordinate system;
s2, carrying out coordinate conversion and attribute analysis on the CAD file to respectively generate Geojson files with different geometric types;
s3, based on the Geojson files with different geometric types, respectively generating element sets FeatureControlstation with different geometric types, and receiving a tile request of a client map engine; the tile request includes z, x, y; z represents the tile hierarchy, x represents the tile transverse number, y represents the tile longitudinal number
S4, setting a tile range and a tile buffer range according to z, x and y of a tile request, carrying out coordinate conversion on tile coordinates, solving a tile boundary coordinate range, cutting element features of intersections of the tile boundary coordinate range and element sets Featureresolution according to a cutting range, carrying out traversal conversion on attribute information into key/values key value pairs, storing the key/values in HashMap, and storing the cut element features in different mvtLayer classes according to different geometric types;
s5, traversing the layer mvtLayer class, converting the geometric information into tile coordinates by projection, compressing the geometric and attribute, finally serializing the geometric and attribute into a byte stream to form a vector tile, and returning the byte stream to the client;
s6, manufacturing different mapboxstyle configurations according to different geometric types;
s7, based on Mapbox style configuration, using a Mapbox-gl-js plug-in, and writing MVTImaggeryProvider through a Mapbox renderer to realize the visual display of the vector tiles in the three-dimensional scene;
in step S6, specifically, the method includes: the plug-in mapbox-gl-js of the mapbox is adopted for transition, and mapbox style configuration is manufactured according to the specification of the mapbox-gl and aiming at the geometric type layers with different dot lines and planes respectively; map making style for mapbox includes id identification, filling type, name source of data source, layer source-layer of data source, layout type attribute layrout, drawing type attribute paint;
the step S7 specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of writing a vector tile loading type MVTImaggeryProvider supported by Cesium through a Mapbox.BasicRenderer constructor by using a mapbox-gl-js made mapbox style configuration, styles of different geometric types and other parameters, and realizing the visual display of the vector tile in a three-dimensional scene; MVTImaggeryProvider is a vector tile load class written using Mapbox.BasicRender constructor that supports loading in Cesium.
2. The method for visualizing a CAD file based on vector tile serialization in a three-dimensional scene according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, coordinate transformation and attribute analysis are performed by using a third party open source library, and the three-dimensional open source library is uniformly transformed into a CGCS2000 geographic coordinate system.
3. The method for visualizing a CAD file based on vector tile serialization in a three-dimensional scene as in claim 1, wherein in step S3 said element set featureresolution comprises: and (3) referring to the geometric types in the jts library, respectively reading the Geojson file in the step (2), and respectively generating a point element set pointFeatureControlstation, a line element set lineFeaturColstation and a face element set PolygonFeatureControlstation.
4. The method for visualizing a CAD file in a three-dimensional scene based on vector tile serialization according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, said tile request is received under Spring Boot framework through HttpServletRequest interface.
5. The method for visualizing a CAD file based on vector tile serialization in a three-dimensional scene as in claim 1, wherein in step S4 the tile range is a fixed value of 4096.
6. The method for visualizing a CAD file in a three-dimensional scene based on vector tile serialization according to claim 1, wherein step S5 comprises the steps of:
s501, traversing mvtLayer of different geometric types according to a vector tile protobuf coding rule;
s502, performing projection conversion on geometric information in element features to obtain tile coordinates;
s503, compressing geometry and attributes through Google Protobufs coding, and finally serializing the compressed geometry and attributes into byte streams to form vector tiles;
s504, returning the byte stream to the client by using the HttpServletR response.
7. A system for visualizing a CAD file in a three-dimensional scene based on vector tile serialization, wherein the system employs the method for visualizing a CAD file in a three-dimensional scene based on vector tile serialization according to any one of claims 1-6.
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