CN117388720A - Method and system for detecting fuel cell - Google Patents
Method and system for detecting fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN117388720A CN117388720A CN202311616504.1A CN202311616504A CN117388720A CN 117388720 A CN117388720 A CN 117388720A CN 202311616504 A CN202311616504 A CN 202311616504A CN 117388720 A CN117388720 A CN 117388720A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 182
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/378—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] specially adapted for the type of battery or accumulator
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a detection method and a detection system of a fuel cell. The fuel cell comprises at least two cell packs connected in series, and the detection method comprises the following steps: and introducing hydrogen to the anode of the fuel cell according to the first air flow rate, introducing first gas comprising oxygen to the cathode of the fuel cell according to the second air flow rate, maintaining the discharge current density of the fuel cell at a first preset constant current density, determining the constant current discharge voltage of each cell package after a preset time period, and determining the consistency of the gas distribution input by the fuel cell according to the constant current discharge voltage. And introducing hydrogen to the anode of the fuel cell according to the first air flow rate, introducing first gas comprising oxygen to the cathode of the fuel cell according to the second air flow rate, maintaining the discharge current density of the fuel cell at a first preset constant current density for a preset time period, acquiring the voltage corresponding to each cell pack, determining the gas distribution consistency of the fuel cell according to the voltage, and ensuring the subsequent operation of the electric pile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a detection method and a detection system of a fuel cell.
Background
Fuel cells are typically stacks of alternating layers of membrane electrodes, gas diffusion layers, and bipolar plate layers, which are connected in series. The internal core component of the device is a membrane electrode, called MEA for short. The MEA is composed of a proton exchange membrane and a platinum (or platinum-containing alloy) catalyst supported on carbon powder, and the diffusion layer is typically composed of carbon paper or carbon cloth, which is attached to both sides of the membrane electrode. The outer side of the diffusion layer is a bipolar plate. The bipolar plate has the functions of a current collector, a flow field plate and a gas separation plate, and mainly comprises a graphite plate, a metal plate, a composite plate and the like. In operation, the fuel cell's positive electrode (cathode) and negative electrode (anode) are respectively supplied with fuel gas oxygen (or oxygen-enriched air) and hydrogen. The hydrogen generates hydrogen ion (or proton) and electron in the anode area, the proton is transferred to the cathode through proton exchange film, the electron reaches the cathode through the external circuit, at the same time, the oxygen of the cathode reacts with the electron transferred by the external circuit under the action of the catalyst to generate H2O, forming a reaction loop.
In the process of introducing hydrogen and oxygen, after the gas of the anode and cathode enters the electric pile, the gas can be diffused to the surface of each single cell pack through the flow channel on the bipolar plate, so that the distribution of the reaction gas can be directly influenced by the consistency of gas distribution, and the performance of the electric pile can be indirectly influenced. Secondly, the electrochemical reaction in the galvanic pile can generate a large amount of heat and water, and the heat and the water are both carried out of the galvanic pile through gas, if the gas is unevenly distributed, the locally generated water and the generated heat can not be timely discharged, the flooding and the local overheating of the galvanic pile can be caused, and the damage to the galvanic pile is irreversible.
In the actual operation process, if the consistency detection can be carried out on the gas distribution of the electric pile in advance, the electric pile is appropriately maintained according to the detection result, and the subsequent operation of the electric pile can be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that the gas distribution consistency of a pile cannot be detected in the prior art and the follow-up operation of the pile cannot be ensured, and provides a detection method and a detection system of a fuel cell.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:
as a first aspect of the present application, the present application provides a method for detecting a fuel cell including at least two cell packs connected in series;
the detection method comprises the following steps:
introducing hydrogen to the anode of the fuel cell according to a first air flow rate, introducing first gas comprising oxygen to the cathode of the fuel cell according to a second air flow rate, and maintaining the discharge current density of the fuel cell at a first preset constant current density;
wherein the first gas flow rate is the gas flow rate of hydrogen when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density;
the second gas flow is the gas flow of the first gas when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density;
the first preset constant current density is smaller than the second preset constant current density;
after a preset time period, determining constant current discharge voltage of each battery pack;
and determining the consistency of gas distribution input by the fuel cell according to the constant current discharge voltage.
Optionally, the step of determining the consistency of the gas distribution input by the fuel cell according to the constant current discharge voltage specifically includes:
determining a battery pack corresponding to a constant current discharge voltage lower than a first preset voltage value as a target battery pack;
and determining that the gas distributed by the target battery pack is inconsistent with the gas distributed by the rest battery packs.
Optionally, the first gas flow rate is determined according to the second preset constant current density, the metering ratio of the hydrogen gas introduced into the anode and the number of the series connection of the battery packs;
the second gas flow is determined according to the second preset constant current density, the metering ratio of the first gas introduced into the cathode and the number of battery packs connected in series.
Optionally, after the step of determining the consistency of the gas distribution input to the fuel cell according to the constant current discharge voltage, the step of:
controlling the fuel cell to stop discharging outwards;
and continuously introducing hydrogen into the anode, and introducing inert gas into the cathode until the constant current discharge voltage of all the battery packs is smaller than a second preset voltage.
Optionally, the pressure of the hydrogen gas introduced into the anode is higher than the pressure of the first gas introduced into the cathode;
and/or the relative humidity of the hydrogen or the relative humidity of the first gas is less than a preset relative humidity threshold;
and/or the first preset constant current density is less than or equal to 200mA/cm 2 ；
And/or the second preset constant current density is in the range of 500-1000mA/cm 2 。
As a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a detection system for a fuel cell including at least two cell packs connected in series;
the detection system comprises a gas input module, a voltage determination module and a gas consistency determination module;
the gas input module is used for introducing hydrogen to the anode of the fuel cell according to a first gas flow rate, introducing first gas comprising oxygen to the cathode of the fuel cell according to a second gas flow rate, and maintaining the discharge current density of the fuel cell at a first preset constant current density;
wherein the first gas flow rate is the gas flow rate of hydrogen when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density;
the second gas flow is the gas flow of the first gas when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density;
the first preset constant current density is smaller than the second preset constant current density;
the voltage determining module is used for determining constant current discharge voltage of each battery pack after a preset time period;
the gas consistency determination module is used for determining consistency of gas distribution input by the fuel cell according to the constant current discharge voltage.
Optionally, the voltage determining module is configured to determine a battery pack corresponding to a constant current discharge voltage lower than a first preset voltage value as a target battery pack;
the gas consistency determination module is specifically configured to determine that the gas allocated by the target battery pack is inconsistent with the gas allocated by the remaining battery packs.
Optionally, the first gas flow rate is determined according to the second preset constant current density, the metering ratio of the hydrogen gas introduced into the anode and the number of the series connection of the battery packs;
the second gas flow is determined according to the second preset constant current density, the metering ratio of the first gas introduced into the cathode and the number of battery packs connected in series.
Optionally, the detection system includes a discharge control module;
after the gas consistency determination module determines consistency of gas distribution input by the fuel cell according to the constant current discharge voltage, the discharge control module and the gas input module are invoked:
the discharge control module is used for controlling the fuel cell to stop discharging outwards;
the gas input module is also used for continuously introducing hydrogen into the anode and introducing inert gas into the cathode until the constant current discharge voltage of all the battery packs is smaller than a second preset voltage.
Optionally, the pressure of the hydrogen gas introduced into the anode is higher than the pressure of the first gas introduced into the cathode;
and/or the relative humidity of the hydrogen or the relative humidity of the first gas is less than a preset relative humidity threshold;
and/or the first preset constant current density is less than or equal to 200mA/cm 2 ；
And/or the second preset constant current density is in the range of 500-1000mA/cm 2 。
On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred examples of the invention.
The invention has the positive progress effects that:
the fuel cell is subjected to high-capacity (namely, the anode is filled with hydrogen according to the first air flow rate, the cathode is filled with the first gas according to the second air flow rate) low-load (namely, the cathode is maintained at the first current density), the voltage corresponding to each cell pack is obtained after a preset time period is kept, the consistency of the gas distribution of the fuel cell can be determined according to the distribution condition of the voltage, and the subsequent operation of the electric pile is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a detection method of a fuel cell in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of constant current discharge voltage of each cell pack in the fuel cell in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a detection system of a fuel cell in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for detecting a fuel cell, the fuel cell includes at least two cell packs connected in series;
the detection method comprises the following steps:
s1, introducing hydrogen to an anode of a fuel cell according to a first air flow, introducing first gas comprising oxygen to a cathode of the fuel cell according to a second air flow, and maintaining the discharge current density of the fuel cell at a first preset constant current density;
the first air flow rate is the air flow rate of the hydrogen when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density;
the second gas flow rate is the gas flow rate of the first gas when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density;
the first preset constant current density is smaller than the second preset constant current density;
s2, after a preset time period, determining constant current discharge voltage of each battery pack;
s3, determining the consistency of gas distribution input by the fuel cell according to the constant current discharge voltage.
In this embodiment, since the first air flow rate and the second air flow rate are both air flow rates at the second preset constant current density, and the discharge current density maintained by the fuel cell is the first preset constant current density smaller than the second preset constant current density, after a period of time is maintained, the constant current discharge voltage of the battery pack can be obtained, and the consistency of the input gas of the fuel cell can be determined according to the constant current discharge voltage. In preparation for subsequent maintenance of the fuel cell stack.
In the above embodiment, step S3 may include determining a battery pack of a constant current discharge voltage lower than a preset voltage value as the target battery pack; the constant current discharge voltage average value of the battery pack can be calculated first, and the battery pack with the constant current discharge voltage lower than the preset value of the voltage average value is used as the target battery pack.
When the target battery pack is determined, it is determined that the gas distributed is inconsistent with the remaining battery packs.
It should be noted that, the battery pack in this embodiment includes at least one battery, and when the battery pack includes at least two batteries, the batteries may be combined in series-parallel.
In the above embodiment, the preset time period may range from 1 to 5 minutes.
In the present embodiment, the fuel cell needs to be connected to a heat sink, and temperature adjustment is performed by the coolant in the heat sink. In this embodiment, the temperature of the fuel cell is controlled to a target region (typically 60 to 75 ℃) in accordance with the appropriate temperature of the catalyst of the fuel cell.
In this embodiment, the first preset constant current density and the second preset constant current density are current densities that are fluctuated by the current density by less than a preset fluctuation value in a preset period of time. The preset time period and the preset fluctuation value can be specifically determined according to actual situations. In the present embodiment, the constant current discharge voltage refers to a voltage at the time of constant current discharge of the fuel cell.
In an alternative embodiment, step S3 specifically includes:
determining a battery pack corresponding to a constant current discharge voltage lower than a first preset voltage value as a target battery pack;
and determining that the gas distributed by the target battery pack is inconsistent with the gas distributed by the rest battery packs.
In this embodiment, it is determined that the battery pack is the target battery pack by discharging a constant current voltage (e.g., less than 0.4V) that is less than the first preset voltage value.
In an alternative embodiment, the first gas flow rate is determined based on a second predetermined constant current density, a metering ratio of hydrogen to the anode, and a number of series-connected battery packs;
the second gas flow is determined according to a second preset constant current density, a metering ratio of the first gas introduced into the cathode, and the number of series-connected battery packs.
In this embodiment, the first air flow rate=the first value×the second preset constant current density×the metering ratio of hydrogen×the number of battery packs connected in series. Second gas flow = second value x second preset constant current density x metering ratio of first gas x number of battery packs connected in series. The first value and the second value are determined according to the reaction speed of the fuel cell, for example, when the first gas is air, the first value is 7, and the second value is 3.5. The metering ratio of the first gas may be determined based on the oxygen content of the first gas, for example, the first gas is air (air oxygen content is 21%). In this case, the ratio of the hydrogen may be in the range of 1 to 2, and the ratio of the first gas may be in the range of 1 to 3. If the oxygen content of the first gas is 42%, the metering ratio of the first gas may be in the range of 0.5 to 1.5. According to the embodiment, the first air flow and the second air flow in the application can be accurately determined, so that accurate air supply according to the first air flow and the second air flow is ensured, the gas is ensured to diffuse to the surface of each single cell pack through the flow channel on the bipolar plate, the gas distributed by each cell pack is accurately reflected, the voltage of each cell pack is represented, and the consistency of the gas distribution of the cell packs is accurately reflected.
In an alternative embodiment, after step S3, the steps are included:
controlling the fuel cell to stop discharging outwards;
and continuously introducing hydrogen into the anode, and introducing first gas into the cathode until the constant current discharge voltage of all the battery packs is smaller than the second preset voltage.
In this embodiment, after the fuel cell is discharged, the hydrogen and the first gas are still supplied to the fuel cell until the constant current discharge voltage is less than the second preset voltage (for example, 0.1V). At this time, it is determined that the gas uniformity detection is completed, and the next round of gas uniformity detection (for example, the metering ratio of the hydrogen and/or the metering ratio of the first gas may be changed, or the humidity of the hydrogen or the relative humidity of the first gas may be changed) may be performed, thereby reducing the error of the gas uniformity detection.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows that the fuel cell includes 30 series-connected cell packs, the pressure intensity of the hydrogen gas introduced from the anode is 100kPa, the pressure intensity of the first gas introduced from the cathode is 80kPa (i.e., p=100:80 kPa in fig. 2), the temperature of the fuel cell is 70 ℃ (i.e., t=70 ℃ in fig. 2), the discharge current of the fuel cell is 31.5A (i.e., i=31.5a in fig. 2) according to the ratio of the metering ratio of the hydrogen gas to the metering ratio of the first gas, and the hydrogen gas and the first gas are introduced in sequence according to 1.8:2.5, 1.8:1.6, 1.8:1.4, 1.8:1.3, respectively, so as to obtain the constant current discharge voltage of each cell pack, and the target cell pack can be determined from the 30 cell packs through the constant current discharge voltage of each cell pack.
In an alternative embodiment, to prevent oxidation of the catalyst of the fuel cell and thus failure of the fuel cell, the pressure of the hydrogen gas introduced at the anode needs to be greater than the pressure of the first gas introduced at the cathode.
In this embodiment, the pressure of the hydrogen gas introduced from the anode ranges from 50 kPa to 100kPa, and the pressure of the first gas introduced from the cathode ranges from 40 kPa to 80kPa. In order to prevent the catalyst of the fuel cell from being oxidized and to ensure the reaction rate of hydrogen and oxygen, it is preferable that the difference between the pressure of the hydrogen gas introduced from the anode and the pressure of the first gas introduced from the cathode is controlled to be 10-20 kPa.
In an alternative embodiment, the relative humidity of the hydrogen gas or the relative humidity of the first gas is less than a preset relative humidity threshold (e.g., 5%).
In this embodiment, since the electronic resistance and the ionic resistance are mainly affected by the water content in the proton exchange membrane during the gas purging process, when the water content in the proton exchange membrane is low, the electronic resistance and the ionic resistance are large, the ohmic loss is large, and the constant current discharge voltage of the battery pack is low, and vice versa. By reducing the relative humidity of the hydrogen or the first gas to less than the predetermined relative humidity threshold, ohmic losses are substantially reduced, thereby allowing the voltage of the battery pack to accurately reflect the gas distribution uniformity.
In an alternative embodiment, the first predetermined constant current density is less than or equal to 200mA/cm 2 。
In an alternative embodiment, the second predetermined constant current density is in the range of 500-1000mA/cm 2 。
In an alternative embodiment, the first predetermined constant current density is less than or equal to 200mA/cm 2 And the second preset constant current density is in the range of 500-1000mA/cm 2 。
By using the detection method of the fuel cell in this embodiment, the anode of the fuel cell is supplied with hydrogen gas at a first gas flow rate, and the cathode is supplied with the first gas at a second gas flow rate and maintained at a first current density (the first gas flow rate is the gas flow rate of the hydrogen gas when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density, the second gas flow rate is the gas flow rate of the first gas when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at the second preset constant current density, and the first preset constant current density is smaller than the second preset constant current density), and the preset period of time is maintained. The gas flow rate is higher when the current density is used, so that the battery is maintained at a smaller working current, after the battery is maintained for a period of time, the voltage corresponding to each battery pack is obtained, the consistency of the gas distribution of the fuel battery can be determined according to the voltage, and the subsequent operation of the electric pile is ensured.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a detection system for a fuel cell, which is used to perform the method for a fuel cell in embodiment 1.
The fuel cell includes at least two cell packs connected in series. The detection system includes a gas input module 201, a voltage determination module 202, and a gas consistency determination module 203;
the gas input module 201 is configured to introduce hydrogen to an anode of the fuel cell at a first gas flow rate, introduce a first gas including oxygen to a cathode of the fuel cell at a second gas flow rate, and maintain a discharge current density of the fuel cell at a first preset constant current density;
the first air flow rate is the air flow rate of the hydrogen when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density;
the second gas flow rate is the gas flow rate of the first gas when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density;
the first preset constant current density is smaller than the second preset constant current density;
the voltage determining module 202 is configured to determine a constant current discharge voltage of each battery pack after a preset period of time;
the gas uniformity determination module 203 is configured to determine uniformity of gas distribution inputted from the fuel cell based on the constant current discharge voltage.
In this embodiment, since the first air flow rate and the second air flow rate are both air flow rates at the second preset constant current density, and the discharge current density maintained by the fuel cell is the first current density smaller than the second preset constant current density, after one end of the maintenance, the constant current discharge voltage of the battery pack can be obtained, and the consistency of the input gas of the fuel cell can be determined according to the constant current discharge voltage. In preparation for subsequent maintenance of the fuel cell stack.
In an alternative embodiment, the voltage determining module 202 is configured to determine a battery pack corresponding to a constant current discharge voltage lower than a first preset voltage value as the target battery pack;
the gas consistency determination module 203 is specifically configured to determine that the gas allocated by the target battery pack is inconsistent with the gas allocated by the remaining battery packs.
In an alternative embodiment, the first gas flow rate is determined based on a second predetermined constant current density, a metering ratio of hydrogen to the anode, and a number of series-connected battery packs;
the second gas flow is determined according to a second preset constant current density, a metering ratio of the first gas introduced into the cathode, and the number of series-connected battery packs.
In an alternative embodiment, the detection system includes a discharge control module;
after the gas uniformity determination module 203 determines uniformity of gas distribution inputted by the fuel cell according to the constant current discharge voltage, the discharge control module and the gas input module 201 are invoked:
the discharge control module is used for controlling the fuel cell to stop discharging outwards;
the gas input module 201 is further configured to continuously supply hydrogen to the anode and inert gas to the cathode until the constant current discharge voltage of all the battery packs is less than the second preset voltage.
In an alternative embodiment, the pressure of the hydrogen gas introduced at the anode is greater than the pressure of the first gas introduced at the cathode;
in an alternative embodiment, the relative humidity of the hydrogen gas or the relative humidity of the first gas is less than a preset relative humidity threshold;
in an alternative embodiment, the first predetermined constant current density is less than or equal to 200mA/cm 2 ；
In an alternative embodiment, the second preset constantThe current density is in the range of 500-1000mA/cm 2 。
In an alternative embodiment, the first predetermined constant current density is less than or equal to 200mA/cm 2 And the second preset constant current density is in the range of 500-1000mA/cm 2 。
With the detection system of the fuel cell in this embodiment, by introducing hydrogen gas to the anode of the fuel cell at a first gas flow rate, introducing a first gas to the cathode at a second gas flow rate and maintaining the first gas flow rate at a first current density (the first gas flow rate is the gas flow rate of the hydrogen gas when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density, the second gas flow rate is the gas flow rate of the first gas when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at the second preset constant current density, and the first preset constant current density is smaller than the second preset constant current density), and maintaining the first gas flow rate for a preset period of time. The gas flow rate is higher when the current density is higher, so that the battery is maintained at the lower current density, after the battery is maintained for a period of time, the voltage corresponding to each battery pack is obtained accurately, the consistency of the gas distribution of the fuel battery can be determined according to the voltage, and the subsequent operation of the electric pile is ensured.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of detecting a fuel cell, the fuel cell comprising at least two cell packs connected in series;
the detection method comprises the following steps:
introducing hydrogen to the anode of the fuel cell according to a first air flow rate, introducing first gas comprising oxygen to the cathode of the fuel cell according to a second air flow rate, and maintaining the discharge current density of the fuel cell at a first preset constant current density;
wherein the first gas flow rate is the gas flow rate of hydrogen when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density;
the second gas flow is the gas flow of the first gas when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density;
the first preset constant current density is smaller than the second preset constant current density;
after a preset time period, determining constant current discharge voltage of each battery pack;
and determining the consistency of gas distribution input by the fuel cell according to the constant current discharge voltage.
2. The method of detecting according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the uniformity of the distribution of the gas inputted from the fuel cell based on the constant current discharge voltage specifically comprises:
determining a battery pack corresponding to a constant current discharge voltage lower than a first preset voltage value as a target battery pack;
and determining that the gas distributed by the target battery pack is inconsistent with the gas distributed by the rest battery packs.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first gas flow rate is determined based on the second predetermined constant current density, a metering ratio of hydrogen gas to the anode, and a number of series-connected battery packs;
the second gas flow is determined according to the second preset constant current density, the metering ratio of the first gas introduced into the cathode and the number of battery packs connected in series.
4. The detection method according to claim 1, wherein after the step of determining the uniformity of the distribution of the gas inputted to the fuel cell based on the constant current discharge voltage, comprising the steps of:
controlling the fuel cell to stop discharging outwards;
and continuously introducing hydrogen into the anode, and introducing inert gas into the cathode until the constant current discharge voltage of all the battery packs is smaller than a second preset voltage.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pressure of the hydrogen gas introduced into the anode is higher than the pressure of the first gas introduced into the cathode;
and/or the relative humidity of the hydrogen or the relative humidity of the first gas is less than a preset relative humidity threshold;
and/or the first preset constant current density is less than or equal to 200mA/cm 2 ；
And/or the second preset constant current density is in the range of 500-1000mA/cm 2 。
6. A detection system for a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell comprises at least two cell packs connected in series;
the detection system comprises a gas input module, a voltage determination module and a gas consistency determination module;
the gas input module is used for introducing hydrogen to the anode of the fuel cell according to a first gas flow rate, introducing first gas comprising oxygen to the cathode of the fuel cell according to a second gas flow rate, and maintaining the discharge current density of the fuel cell at a first preset constant current density;
wherein the first gas flow rate is the gas flow rate of hydrogen when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density;
the second air flow is the air flow of the first gas when the discharge current density of the fuel cell is maintained at a second preset constant current density
The first preset constant current density is smaller than the second preset constant current density;
the voltage determining module is used for determining constant current discharge voltage of each battery pack after a preset time period;
the gas consistency determination module is used for determining consistency of gas distribution input by the fuel cell according to the constant current discharge voltage.
7. The detection system of claim 6, wherein the voltage determination module is configured to determine a battery pack corresponding to a constant current discharge voltage below a first preset voltage value as a target battery pack;
the gas consistency determination module is specifically configured to determine that the gas allocated by the target battery pack is inconsistent with the gas allocated by the remaining battery packs.
8. The detection system of claim 6, wherein the first gas flow rate is determined based on the second predetermined constant current density, a metering ratio of hydrogen to the anode, and a number of battery packs connected in series;
the second gas flow is determined according to the second preset constant current density, the metering ratio of the first gas introduced into the cathode and the number of battery packs connected in series.
9. The detection system of claim 6, wherein the detection system comprises a discharge control module;
after the gas consistency determination module determines consistency of gas distribution input by the fuel cell according to the constant current discharge voltage, the discharge control module and the gas input module are invoked:
the discharge control module is used for controlling the fuel cell to stop discharging outwards;
the gas input module is also used for continuously introducing hydrogen into the anode and introducing inert gas into the cathode until the constant current discharge voltage of all the battery packs is smaller than a second preset voltage.
10. The detection system according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the pressure of the hydrogen gas introduced into the anode is greater than the pressure of the first gas introduced into the cathode;
and/or the relative humidity of the hydrogen or the relative humidity of the first gas is less than a preset relative humidity threshold;
and/or the first preset constant current density is less than or equal to 200mA/cm 2 ；
And/or the second preset constant current density is in the range of 500-1000mA/cm 2 。
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