CN117384221B - Palladium oxalate compound, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Palladium oxalate compound, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN117384221B
CN117384221B CN202311316519.6A CN202311316519A CN117384221B CN 117384221 B CN117384221 B CN 117384221B CN 202311316519 A CN202311316519 A CN 202311316519A CN 117384221 B CN117384221 B CN 117384221B
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palladium
amide
compound
oxalate
stirring
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CN117384221A (en
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唐振艳
侯文明
奚菊芳
陈敏
刘建
陈洪来
李江民
刘朝能
戴云生
左川
刘桂华
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Yunnan Precious Metals Laboratory Co ltd
Guiyan Chemical Materials Yunnan Co ltd
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Guiyan Chemical Materials Yunnan Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F15/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F15/0006Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
    • C07F15/006Palladium compounds
    • C07F15/0066Palladium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8678Removing components of undefined structure
    • B01D53/8687Organic components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/44Palladium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/0201Impregnation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/50Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of platinum group metals
    • C25D3/52Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of platinum group metals characterised by the organic bath constituents used

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  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses an oxalic acid amide palladium compound, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the compound is [ (CH 2)n(CO)2(H2N)2]Pd(O4C2) or [ (CO) (H 2N)2]Pd(O4C2). The preparation method comprises the steps of taking palladium chloride as an initial raw material, firstly reacting with acetonitrile to obtain a diacetonitrile palladium dichloride solution, continuously adding an amide solution to obtain a dichloro amide palladium solid, and reacting the dichloro amide palladium with potassium oxalate to obtain the oxalic acid amide palladium compound. The present compounds are free of chlorine, bromine, sulfur, potassium, etc., and have several advantages in the use of the compounds in electroplating baths, for example: the acidic ion ligands do not accumulate in the plating bath, and the accumulation of acidic ions often limits the lifetime of the plating bath and affects the performance of the plating. Meanwhile, the compound can be used as a supported palladium catalyst precursor, and has the advantages of moderate pH value, low decomposition temperature, good catalytic activity and the like.

Description

Palladium oxalate compound, and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to an oxalic acid amide palladium compound, a preparation method and application thereof, and the compound and the preparation method thereof belong to the field of chemistry and chemical engineering.
Background
Palladium and palladium alloys have excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance and electrical properties, bright surfaces, high thermal and electrical conductivity, and therefore palladium has a variety of applications. Palladium plating has been widely used for electronic parts such as electrical contacts, connectors, IC lead frames, and printed boards, jewelry, and the like. The main salts of the traditional palladium plating are palladium sulfate, palladium chloride, palladium nitrate and the like, which are prepared into Pd(NH3)4Cl2、Pd(NH3)2(NO3)2、Pd(NH3)2Br2、Pd(NH3)4SO4 and other palladium-ammonia complexes with ammonia water and other complexing agents, and most of the palladium plating formulas are ammonia-containing electroplating solutions. Although the synthesis technology of the palladium salt product is simple and low in cost, the following limitations and disadvantages exist: (1) The electroplating method is only suitable for electroplating of low-end products, such as bonding wires, jewelry and other industries, and the electroplating effect cannot meet the electroplating of contact materials of the electronic connector; (2) Due to the inclusion of anions such as Cl -、NO2 -、SO4 2-, the content of salt in the electroplating solution is increased along with the addition of the electroplating salt, the service life of the electroplating solution is shortened, and electroplating equipment is easy to corrode; (3) The high temperature in the electroplating process causes volatilization of ammonia water, and the operation environment is poor.
CN102015744a discloses a process for preparing a palladium (hydro) carbonate complex with an amine ligand, which is capable of moving the deposition potentials of both palladium and nickel metals close enough to form an alloy deposit.
In summary, with further development of palladium plating technology, it is necessary to develop new palladium salts to replace the conventional palladium salts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that a high-quality electroplated palladium layer cannot be obtained by using the traditional electroplating main salt in the electroplating process, the service life of electroplating solution is short, the electroplating process has a certain harm to the environment and operators, and the like, and provides a novel and environment-friendly electroplated palladium main salt and a simple and economic preparation method thereof.
The oxalic acid amide palladium compound has a molecular formula as follows: [ (CH 2)n(CO)2(H2N)2]Pd(O4C2) or [ (CO) (H 2N)2]Pd(O4C2); the structure is as follows:
The preparation method of the oxalic acid amide palladium compound comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing a certain amount of acetonitrile solution in a round-bottom flask, then adding palladium chloride solid, and stirring to react to obtain a clear solution containing diacetonitrile palladium dichloride;
(2) Adding an amide solution into the solution obtained in the step (1), stirring at 40 ℃ for reaction for more than 2 hours, cooling, separating out light yellow palladium dichloroamide, filtering, and washing with cold absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times to obtain light yellow palladium dichloroamide solid;
(3) Weighing dichloro amide palladium solid in a round bottom flask, adding potassium oxalate solution, stirring, reacting for more than 2 hours at 60-70 ℃, cooling, filtering, concentrating to a small volume under reduced pressure, cooling, filtering, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol, and then drying in vacuum for 4 hours at 65 ℃ to obtain the oxalic acid amide palladium compound.
The oxalic acid amide palladium compound is applied to electroplating or electroless palladium plating as main salt.
The oxalic acid amide palladium compound can also be used as a supported palladium catalyst precursor.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
(1) The palladium compounds of the present invention do not contain Cl, S, P, K plasma.
(2) The palladium compound disclosed by the invention does not contain NO 3 -、NO2 -、SO4 2-、Cl-、NH3 plasma, does not shorten the service life of the electroplating solution along with the electroplating or electroless plating test, does not corrode equipment, and is environment-friendly and operator-friendly.
(3) The oxalic acid amide palladium compound is prepared under mild conditions, meets the requirements of atom economy, green environmental protection and the like, and is suitable for industrial production.
(4) The compound of the invention is used for plating main salt of palladium plating, and has the advantages of high current efficiency, long service life of plating solution, compact plating layer, high hardness and the like, and the performance is superior to that of the traditional palladium plating main salt.
(5) The Pd/Al 2O3 catalyst which is a VOCs purification catalyst prepared by using the palladium oxalate amide as a precursor and adopting an isovolumetric impregnation method has higher catalytic conversion efficiency on toluene, xylene and ethyl acetate than the catalyst prepared by using a palladium nitrate solution as the precursor.
Drawings
Fig. 1: and plating a palladium layer on the Brass Ha-plate.
Fig. 2: and SEM image of the palladium plating layer.
Fig. 3: EDS energy spectrum of the palladium plating layer.
Fig. 4: evaluation of catalytic conversion performance of toluene, isopropanol and ethyl acetate on Pd/Al2O 3-C.
Fig. 5: evaluation chart of catalytic conversion performance of toluene, isopropanol and ethyl acetate on Pd/Al2O 3-N.
Detailed Description
Example 1: preparation of palladium oxalamide
276.5G of acetonitrile is weighed into a round bottom flask, then 100g of PdCl 2 solid is added, stirring is carried out, reaction is carried out until palladium chloride solid is completely dissolved, then 230.3g of malonamide is added, stirring reaction is carried out for 2.5h at 40 ℃, cooling is carried out, light yellow dichloro malonamide palladium is separated out, filtering is carried out, and washing is carried out for 3 times by using cold absolute ethyl alcohol, thus 134.1g of light yellow dichloro malonamide palladium solid is obtained.
176.8G of potassium oxalate is weighed into a round-bottom flask, 800ml of deionized water is added, the mixture is heated to 60 ℃ until the mixture is completely dissolved, 65g of palladium dichloromalonamide solid is added under stirring, the mixture is reacted for 3.5 hours at 70 ℃, the mixture is cooled, filtered, concentrated to a small volume under reduced pressure, cooled, filtered, washed by absolute ethyl alcohol and dried for 4 hours at 65 ℃ under vacuum, and 59.1g of palladium oxalamide is obtained, and the yield is 83.3%.
Elemental analysis: measurement values Pd 35.4%, N9.3%, O32.6% were substantially identical to calculated values Pd 35.9%, N9.4%, O32.4%.
Example 2: preparation of palladium oxaloacetate
276.5G of acetonitrile is weighed into a round bottom flask, then 100g of PdCl 2 solid is added, stirring is carried out, reaction is carried out until palladium chloride solid is completely dissolved, then 199.75g of acetamide is added, stirring reaction is carried out at 40 ℃ for 2.5h, pale yellow palladium dichlorodiacetamide is separated out, filtration is carried out, and washing is carried out 3 times by using cold absolute ethyl alcohol, thus obtaining 140.68g of pale yellow palladium dichlorodiacetamide solid.
176.8G of potassium oxalate is weighed into a round-bottomed flask, 800ml of deionized water is added, the mixture is heated to 60 ℃ until the mixture is completely dissolved, 78g of palladium dichlorodiacetamide solid is added under stirring, the mixture reacts for 3 hours at 65 ℃, the mixture is cooled, filtered, concentrated to a small volume under reduced pressure, cooled and filtered, washed by absolute ethyl alcohol and dried in vacuum for 4 hours at 65 ℃ to obtain 61.88g of palladium oxaloacetate with the yield of 75.4 percent.
Elemental analysis: measurement values Pd 33.5%, N8.8%, O31% were substantially identical to calculated values Pd 34.0%, N9.0%, O30.7%.
Example 3: preparation of palladium oxalate carbonate
276.5G of acetonitrile is weighed into a round bottom flask, then 100g of PdCl 2 solid is added, stirring is carried out, reaction is carried out until palladium chloride solid is completely dissolved, then 134.53g of carbamide is added, stirring reaction is carried out for more than 2 hours at 40 ℃, cooling is carried out, light yellow palladium dichlorocarbonate is separated out, filtering is carried out, and washing is carried out for 3 times by using cold absolute ethyl alcohol, thus obtaining 110.38g of light yellow palladium dichlorocarbonate solid.
176.8G of potassium oxalate is weighed into a round-bottom flask, 800ml of deionized water is added, the mixture is heated to 60 ℃ until the mixture is completely dissolved, 85g of palladium dichlorocarbonate solid is added under stirring, the mixture reacts for 3.5 hours at 65 ℃, the mixture is cooled, filtered, concentrated to a small volume under reduced pressure, cooled, filtered, washed by absolute ethyl alcohol and dried for 4 hours at 65 ℃ in vacuum, and 91.19g of palladium oxalate is obtained, and the yield is 90.0%.
Elemental analysis: measurement Pd 41.3%, N10.7%, O31.8% were substantially identical to calculated 41.8%, N11%, O31.4%.
Example 4: application of oxalic acid carbon amide palladium as palladium plating main salt in palladium plating
The plating solution is alkalescent, and consists of: palladium content 5-12 g/L, cylinder opening agent A80-120 ml/L, additive B5-20 ml/L; adjusting the pH value to 7-8.5 by phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide, controlling the current to 0.5A, controlling the temperature to 45-55 ℃, and mechanically stirring the anode which is a platinized titanium anode net.
The plating process is used for plating the House's groove, the substrate is a brass Hastelloy plate (65×100 mm, see figure 1), the deposition speed is 0.15 μm/min (0.6A/dm 2), the plating layer is relatively bright and compact, and the hardness of the plating layer is 280HV. SEM images and EDS images of the plating are shown in fig. 2 and 3, respectively.
Example 5: preparation of VOCs (volatile organic compounds) purification catalyst by taking palladium oxalamide as precursor and performance thereof
The Pd/Al 2O3 catalyst is prepared by adopting an immersion method, 5g (containing 2.1g of palladium) of oxalic acid malonamide palladium is weighed into a beaker, 300g of deionized water is added, 200g of alumina powder is slowly added after the oxalic acid malonamide palladium is completely dissolved, stirring is carried out, adsorption reaction is carried out for 1h, then the Pd/Al 2O3 catalyst is obtained after the Pd/Al 2O3 catalyst is put into an oven for drying at 80 ℃ for 4h and baked at 350 ℃ for 1.5h in a muffle furnace, and the Pd/Al 2O3 catalyst is recorded as Pd/Al 2O3 -C.
The same preparation method is adopted, palladium nitrate is used as a precursor to prepare the Pd/Al 2O3 catalyst, which is named as Pd/Al 2O3 -N.
Performing performance evaluation on the Pd/Al 2O3 catalyst, wherein the VOCs probe molecules are mixed gas of toluene, isopropanol and ethyl acetate, and the total concentration is 1000-5000 ppm; the test space velocity is 20000h -1, the test temperature starts to react from 150 ℃, the temperature programming is increased to 300 ℃ to finish the reaction, and the conversion efficiency is recorded. The results of the performance evaluation are shown in fig. 4 and 5.
Table 1 shows T50 and T90 (T50 is the temperature at which the conversion efficiency is 50% and T90 is the temperature at which the conversion efficiency is 90%) for both catalysts.
TABLE1 comparison of the Performance of Pd/Al 2O3 -C and Pd/Al 2O3 -N catalysts
As can be seen from Table 1, the catalyst prepared by using palladium oxalamide as a precursor has relatively good performance.

Claims (10)

1. A palladium oxalate amide compound characterized in that:
the molecular formula of the oxalic acid amide palladium compound is [ (CH 2)n(CO)2(H2N)2]Pd(O4C2), and the structure is
Where n=0, 1,2.
2. A palladium oxalate amide compound characterized in that:
The molecular formula of the oxalic acid amide palladium compound is [ (CO) (H 2N)2]Pd(O4C2), and the structural formula is
3. A process for producing a palladium oxalate amide compound according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
Weighing a certain amount of acetonitrile solution in a flask, then adding palladium chloride solid, and stirring to react to obtain a clear solution containing diacetonitrile palladium dichloride;
Adding an amide solution into the solution obtained in the step (1), stirring for reaction, cooling, separating out light yellow palladium dichloroamide, filtering, and washing with cold absolute ethyl alcohol for 3 times to obtain light yellow palladium dichloroamide solid;
And (3) weighing palladium dichloroamide solid in a round-bottom flask, adding potassium oxalate solution, stirring for reaction, cooling, filtering, concentrating to a small volume under reduced pressure, cooling, filtering, washing with absolute ethanol, and vacuum drying at 65 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain the palladium oxalate amide compound.
4. A method of preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that:
In the step (1), the molar ratio of palladium chloride to acetonitrile is 1:2-6.
5. A method of preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that:
in the step (2), the amide is one of oxalyl diamine, malonamide and carboamide.
6. A method of preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that:
The molar ratio of the palladium chloride to the amide is 1:1.5-4.5.
7. A method of preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that:
in the step (3), the molar ratio of potassium oxalate to palladium dichloroamide is 1.5-3:1.
8. The method of any one of claims 3-7, wherein:
In the step (2), stirring reaction is carried out for more than 2 hours at 40 ℃;
In the step (3), the stirring reaction is carried out at 60-70 ℃ for more than 2 hours.
9. Use of a palladium oxalate amide compound according to claim 1 or 2 as a primary salt of electroplating or electroless palladium plating.
10. Use of a palladium oxalate amide compound according to claim 1 or 2as a supported palladium catalyst precursor.
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Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4715935A (en) * 1985-01-25 1987-12-29 Omi International Corporation Palladium and palladium alloy plating
US5976344A (en) * 1996-05-10 1999-11-02 Lucent Technologies Inc. Composition for electroplating palladium alloys and electroplating process using that composition
WO2007066460A1 (en) * 2005-12-06 2007-06-14 Ebara-Udylite Co., Ltd. Palladium complex and catalyst-imparting treatment solution using the same
CN101362781A (en) * 2008-09-24 2009-02-11 昆明贵金属研究所 Synthesis method of tetraammine palladium (II) oxalate
JP2010031300A (en) * 2008-07-22 2010-02-12 Rohm & Haas Electronic Materials Llc High speed plating method of palladium and palladium alloy
CN101709462A (en) * 2009-12-23 2010-05-19 长沙理工大学 Chemical palladium plating solution
CN102616869A (en) * 2012-04-07 2012-08-01 昆明贵金属研究所 Tetrammine palladium sulphate synthesis method
CN107353307A (en) * 2017-06-07 2017-11-17 昆明理工大学 A kind of dichloro(Ethylenediamine)Close the preparation method of palladium
CN107904631A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-04-13 江苏澳光电子有限公司 A kind of plating solution and its application for stainless steel surface palladium plating
CN109897070A (en) * 2019-02-28 2019-06-18 徐州浩通新材料科技股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of four ammonia palladium (II) of acetic acid
CN114805449A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-07-29 昆明贵金属研究所 Water-soluble Pd (II) complex, synthesis method thereof and application of complex as catalytic precursor

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4715935A (en) * 1985-01-25 1987-12-29 Omi International Corporation Palladium and palladium alloy plating
US5976344A (en) * 1996-05-10 1999-11-02 Lucent Technologies Inc. Composition for electroplating palladium alloys and electroplating process using that composition
WO2007066460A1 (en) * 2005-12-06 2007-06-14 Ebara-Udylite Co., Ltd. Palladium complex and catalyst-imparting treatment solution using the same
JP2010031300A (en) * 2008-07-22 2010-02-12 Rohm & Haas Electronic Materials Llc High speed plating method of palladium and palladium alloy
CN101362781A (en) * 2008-09-24 2009-02-11 昆明贵金属研究所 Synthesis method of tetraammine palladium (II) oxalate
CN101709462A (en) * 2009-12-23 2010-05-19 长沙理工大学 Chemical palladium plating solution
CN102616869A (en) * 2012-04-07 2012-08-01 昆明贵金属研究所 Tetrammine palladium sulphate synthesis method
CN107353307A (en) * 2017-06-07 2017-11-17 昆明理工大学 A kind of dichloro(Ethylenediamine)Close the preparation method of palladium
CN107904631A (en) * 2017-11-28 2018-04-13 江苏澳光电子有限公司 A kind of plating solution and its application for stainless steel surface palladium plating
CN109897070A (en) * 2019-02-28 2019-06-18 徐州浩通新材料科技股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of four ammonia palladium (II) of acetic acid
CN114805449A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-07-29 昆明贵金属研究所 Water-soluble Pd (II) complex, synthesis method thereof and application of complex as catalytic precursor

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