CN117383913B - 一种耐高温铁沟浇注料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种耐高温铁沟浇注料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229940105963 yttrium fluoride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- RBORBHYCVONNJH-UHFFFAOYSA-K yttrium(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Y](F)F RBORBHYCVONNJH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical group [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005551 calcium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- NQNBVCBUOCNRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel ferrite Chemical compound [Ni]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NQNBVCBUOCNRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007676 flexural strength test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
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Abstract
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域,提出了一种耐高温铁沟浇注料及其制备方法,铁沟浇注料的原料包括以下重量份的组分:棕刚玉50~70份、碳化硅30~40份、铝粉20~25份、助烧剂5~10份、水泥2~4份、减水剂1~2份;助烧剂由硫化镍和氟化钇混合而成。通过上述技术方案,解决了现有技术中的铁沟浇注料高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度较差的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料技术领域,具体的,涉及一种耐高温铁沟浇注料及其制备方法。
背景技术
高炉出铁沟是引导高炉内高温铁水和熔渣的通道,铁沟浇注料是高炉出铁沟制作的重要组成材料。铁沟浇注料的高温性能直接决定着高炉的生产能力和效率。目前铁沟浇注料主要为Al2O3-SiC-C质浇注料,其具有耐冲刷、使用寿命长等优势。
随着钢铁冶炼技术的发展,实际生产对铁沟浇注料的高温性能提出了更高的要求,尤其是铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。现有Al2O3-SiC-C质浇注料中的SiC在使用过程中易氧化,这会导致铁沟浇注料失去抗侵蚀作用,从而影响铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。因此,研究一种新型耐高温铁沟浇注料具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明提出一种耐高温铁沟浇注料及其制备方法,解决了相关技术中铁沟浇注料高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度较差的问题。
本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明提出一种耐高温铁沟浇注料,原料包括以下重量份的组分:棕刚玉50~70份、碳化硅30~40份、铝粉20~25份、助烧剂5~10份、水泥2~4份、减水剂1~2份;
所述助烧剂由硫化镍和氟化钇混合而成。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述硫化镍和氟化钇的质量比为1:4~4:1。
当硫化镍和氟化钇的质量比为1:4~4:1时,可以更好地改善棕刚玉、碳化硅和铝粉在高温下的润湿性能和抗侵蚀能力,有助于进一步提高铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述硫化镍和氟化钇的质量比为3:2。
当硫化镍和氟化钇的质量比为3:2时,铁沟浇注料具有更佳的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述碳化硅为铁酸钴掺杂碳化硅,所述铁酸钴掺杂碳化硅的制备方法为:将铁酸钴和碳化硅混合均匀,烧结,粉磨,得到所述铁酸钴掺杂碳化硅。
通过在碳化硅中掺杂铁酸钴,能有效提高碳化硅的抗氧化能力,从而使碳化硅在高温下不易氧化,进而进一步提高了铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述铁酸钴与碳化硅的质量比为1:9~1:4。
当铁酸钴与碳化硅的质量比为1:9~1:4时,有利于进一步提高碳化硅的抗氧化能力,从而进一步提高铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述烧结时,温度为600~800℃,时间为2~4h。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述减水剂为三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、木质素磺酸钙中的一种或多种。
减水剂的加入,有利于增强铁沟浇注料原料颗粒的流动性,使铁沟浇注料的各组分均匀分布,从而提高铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述棕刚玉、碳化硅、铝粉的粒径各自独立地为80~200目。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述棕刚玉的粒径为80~100目;和/或
所述碳化硅的粒径为120~150目;和/或
所述铝粉的粒径为1800~200目。
通过对棕刚玉、碳化硅和铝粉的粒径进行级配设计,有助于提高铁沟浇注料的致密性,从而提高铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。
本发明还提出所述耐高温铁沟浇注料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将各组分混合均匀,得到混合料,向所述混合料中加水混合至均匀,装模,振动,养护,烘烤,得到铁沟浇注料。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述混合料与水的质量比为95:5~97:3。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述养护为自然养护,时间为24~36h。
作为进一步的技术方案,所述烘烤时,温度为100~120℃,时间为12~24h。
本发明的工作原理及有益效果为:
1、本发明中,助烧剂由硫化镍和氟化钇混合而成,通过两者的联合使用,一方面可以改善棕刚玉、碳化硅和铝粉在高温下的润湿性能,促进铁沟浇注料在高温下能紧密结合,形成致密体,避免出现气孔等缺陷,另一方面,可以增强铁沟浇注料的抗侵蚀能力,从而提高铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都涉及本发明保护的范围。
下述实施例和对比例中,如无特殊说明,棕刚玉的粒径为100目,氧化铝的含量为97wt%;碳化硅的粒径为140目;铝粉的粒径为200目;硫化镍的纯度为99%;氟化钇的纯度为99%;水泥为普通硅酸盐水泥,牌号为PO42.5;六偏磷酸钠的纯度为99%;铁酸钴的粒径为3000目;铁酸镍的粒径为3000目。
实施例1
一种耐高温铁沟浇注料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将50份棕刚玉、30份碳化硅、20份铝粉、0.5份硫化镍、4.5份氟化钇、2份水泥、1份六偏磷酸钠混合均匀,得到混合料,向混合料中加6份水混合至均匀,装模,振动成型,自然养护24h后,于110℃下烘烤18h,得到铁沟浇注料。
实施例2
一种耐高温铁沟浇注料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:将70份棕刚玉、40份碳化硅、25份铝粉、1份硫化镍、9份氟化钇、4份水泥、2份六偏磷酸钠混合均匀,得到混合料,向混合料中加8份水混合至均匀,装模,振动成型,自然养护24h后,于110℃下烘烤18h,得到铁沟浇注料。
实施例3
本实施例与实施例2的区别仅在于,本实施例中,硫化镍的重量份数为9份,氟化钇的重量份数为1份。
实施例4
本实施例与实施例2的区别仅在于,本实施例中,硫化镍的重量份数为2份,氟化钇的重量份数为8份。
实施例5
本实施例与实施例2的区别仅在于,本实施例中,硫化镍的重量份数为8份,氟化钇的重量份数为2份。
实施例6
本实施例与实施例2的区别仅在于,本实施例中,硫化镍的重量份数为6份,氟化钇的重量份数为4份。
实施例7
本实施例与实施例6的区别仅在于,本实施例中,碳化硅为铁酸钴掺杂碳化硅,铁酸钴掺杂碳化硅的制备方法为:将2份铁酸钴和38份碳化硅混合均匀,于700℃下烧结3h后,粉磨至粒径为140目,得到铁酸钴掺杂碳化硅。
实施例8
本实施例与实施例7的区别仅在于,本实施例中,铁酸钴的重量份数为10份,碳化硅的重量份数为30份。
实施例9
本实施例与实施例7的区别仅在于,本实施例中,铁酸钴的重量份数为4份,碳化硅的重量份数为36份。
实施例10
本实施例与实施例7的区别仅在于,本实施例中,铁酸钴的重量份数为8份,碳化硅的重量份数为32份。
实施例11
本实施例与实施例7的区别仅在于,本实施例中,将铁酸钴替换为等量的铁酸镍。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例1的区别仅在于,本对比例中,未加入硫化镍,加入的氟化钇的重量份数为5份。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例1的区别仅在于,本对比例中,未加入氟化钇,加入的硫化镍的重量份数为5份。
对比例3
本对比例与实施例1的区别仅在于,本对比例中,未加入硫化镍和氟化钇。
对实施例1~11和对比例1~3制备得到的铁沟浇注料进行如下性能测试:
①高温耐压强度:按照GB/T 34218-2017《耐火材料 高温耐压强度试验方法》进行测试,其中,试验温度为1450℃,保温时间为3h,升温速率为10℃/min,加荷速率为1.0MPa/s;
②高温抗折强度:按照GB/T 3002-2017《耐火材料 高温抗折强度试验方法》进行测试,其中,试验温度为1450℃,保温时间为3h,升温速率为5℃/min,加荷速率为0.15MPa/s;
③密度测试:采用数显固体密度计(型号MDJ-300A)测试铁沟浇注料的密度。
测试时,每个实施例制备7个试样,以7个试样性能结果的平均值作为最终结果。
测试结果如下表1所示。
表1铁沟浇注料性能测试结果
实施例1和对比例1~3对比表明,通过硫化镍和氟化钇的联合使用,能够显著提高铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。
实施例2~3与实施例4~6对比表明,当硫化镍和氟化钇的质量比为1:4~4:1时,有助于进一步提高铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度,且硫化镍和氟化钇的最佳质量比为3:2。实施例6和实施例7~10对比表明,通过在碳化硅中掺杂铁酸钴,可进一步提高铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。实施例7~8和实施例9~10对比表明,当铁酸钴与碳化硅的质量比为1:9~1:4时,有利于进一步提高铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。实施例7与实施例11对比表明,铁酸钴掺杂碳化硅相较其它铁酸盐掺杂碳化硅,更能提高铁沟浇注料的高温耐压强度和高温抗折强度。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种耐高温铁沟浇注料,其特征在于,原料包括以下重量份的组分:棕刚玉50~70份、碳化硅30~40份、铝粉20~25份、助烧剂5~10份、水泥2~4份、减水剂1~2份;
所述助烧剂由硫化镍和氟化钇混合而成;
所述硫化镍和氟化钇的质量比为1:4~4:1;
所述碳化硅为铁酸钴掺杂碳化硅,所述铁酸钴掺杂碳化硅的制备方法为:将铁酸钴和碳化硅混合均匀,烧结,粉磨,得到所述铁酸钴掺杂碳化硅;
所述铁酸钴与碳化硅的质量比为1:9~1:4。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温铁沟浇注料,其特征在于,所述硫化镍和氟化钇的质量比为3:2。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温铁沟浇注料,其特征在于,所述减水剂为三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、木质素磺酸钙中的一种或多种。
4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温铁沟浇注料,其特征在于,所述棕刚玉、碳化硅、铝粉的粒径各自独立地为80~200目。
5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种耐高温铁沟浇注料,其特征在于,所述棕刚玉的粒径为80~100目;和/或
所述碳化硅的粒径为120~150目;和/或
所述铝粉的粒径为180~200目。
6.一种如权利要求1~5任意一项所述的耐高温铁沟浇注料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:将各组分混合均匀,得到混合料,向所述混合料中加水混合至均匀,装模,振动,养护,烘烤,得到铁沟浇注料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种耐高温铁沟浇注料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述混合料与水的质量比为95:5~97:3。
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