CN117381020B - Precise machining device and method for annular groove of special-shaped shell - Google Patents
Precise machining device and method for annular groove of special-shaped shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN117381020B CN117381020B CN202311704915.6A CN202311704915A CN117381020B CN 117381020 B CN117381020 B CN 117381020B CN 202311704915 A CN202311704915 A CN 202311704915A CN 117381020 B CN117381020 B CN 117381020B
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 206010066054 Dysmorphism Diseases 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2220/00—Details of turning, boring or drilling processes
- B23B2220/12—Grooving
- B23B2220/126—Producing ring grooves
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a precision machining device and a precision machining method for an annular groove of a special-shaped shell, which relate to the technical field of cutting the annular groove in a cylinder of a blank; the cutting mechanism comprises a lifting oil cylinder fixedly arranged at the top of the bracket, annular pipes are fixedly arranged among the plurality of connecting plates, a water outlet pipe and a water inlet pipe are respectively fixedly arranged at the left side and the right side of the annular pipes, and the diameter of the inner ring of each annular pipe is equal to the outer diameter of the cylinder of the blank; the top surface of the lifting plate is fixedly provided with a feeding oil cylinder positioned right above the annular pipe, the main shaft is coaxial with the annular pipe, and the cylindrical surface of the main shaft is welded with a boring cutter positioned right above the annular pipe. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the problem of the inside ring channel processing of dysmorphism casing is solved, greatly improves dysmorphism casing production quality, greatly improves ring channel machining precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutting an annular groove in a cylinder of a blank, in particular to a device and a method for precisely machining an annular groove of a special-shaped shell.
Background
The structure of a special-shaped shell is shown in fig. 1-5, and the special-shaped shell is used for being installed on a certain power device, the special-shaped shell comprises a shell body 1, a cylinder 2 is integrally formed at the top of the shell body 1, an annular groove 3 is formed in the inner side wall of the cylinder 2, a left through groove 4 communicated with an inner cavity of the shell body 1 is formed in the lower end part of the left side of the shell body, a left spigot 5 distributed along the length direction of the left through groove 4 is formed in the edge of the outer side of the left through groove 4, a right through groove 6 communicated with the inner cavity of the right through groove 6 is formed in the lower end part of the right side of the shell body 1, and a right spigot 7 distributed along the length direction of the right through groove 6 is formed in the outer edge of the outer side of the right through groove 6.
The special-shaped shell is formed by processing a blank shown in fig. 6-9, the blank comprises a shell body 1, a cylinder 2 is integrally formed at the top of the shell body 1, a left through groove 4 is formed in the lower end part of the left side of the shell body 1, and a right through groove 6 is formed in the lower end part of the right side of the shell body 1.
The machining device shown in fig. 10 is adopted in a workshop to internally cut and machine an annular groove 3 in a cylinder 2 of a blank, so that a required special-shaped shell is produced, the machining device comprises a portal frame 9 fixedly arranged on a base plate 8, a cutting mechanism is arranged on a beam of the portal frame 9, the cutting mechanism comprises a feed cylinder 10 fixedly arranged on the beam, a hydraulic motor 11 is arranged on a piston rod of the feed cylinder 10, a main shaft 12 is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the hydraulic motor 11, a boring cutter 13 horizontally arranged is welded on a cylindrical surface of the main shaft 12, a left clamping mechanism 14 and a right clamping mechanism 15 are arranged on the base plate 8, the left clamping mechanism 14 comprises a base fixedly arranged on the base plate 8, a screw rod 16 is rotatably arranged in the base, a clamping plate 17 is connected onto the screw rod 16 in a threaded manner, a guide rod 18 is fixedly arranged on a right end surface of the base, and the guide rod 18 is arranged in a sliding manner through the clamping plate 17.
The method for cutting the annular groove 3 in the cylinder 2 of the blank by using the processing device in a workshop comprises the following steps:
s1, taking out a blank by a worker, suspending the blank between a clamping plate 17 of a left clamping mechanism 14 and a clamping plate 17 of a right clamping mechanism 15, and adjusting the position of the blank to enable the center line of a cylinder 2 of the blank to be on the same straight line with the axis of a main shaft 12 of a cutting mechanism;
s2, a worker keeps the blank motionless, then rotates the screw rods 16 of the left clamping mechanism 14 and the right clamping mechanism 15, the clamping plates 17 move towards the blank along the guide rods 18, after rotating the screw rods 16 to a certain number of turns, the cylinder 2 of the blank is just clamped between the two clamping plates 17, so that the blank is fixed, and after the blank is fixed, the worker releases the blank as shown in FIG. 11;
s3, controlling an output shaft of a hydraulic motor 11 of a cutting mechanism to rotate, driving a main shaft 12 to rotate by the output shaft, driving a boring cutter 13 to rotate by the main shaft 12, simultaneously controlling a piston rod of a feed cylinder 10 of the cutting mechanism to extend downwards, driving the hydraulic motor 11 to move downwards by the piston rod, driving the main shaft 12 and the boring cutter 13 to move downwards by the hydraulic motor 11, cutting an inner wall material of a cylinder 2 of a blank when the rotating boring cutter 13 moves downwards, and cutting an annular groove 3 on the inner wall of the cylinder 2 of the blank after the piston rod of the feed cylinder 10 extends completely, wherein the annular groove is formed in a cutting mode as shown in fig. 12-13, and finally forming a required special-shaped shell;
s4, taking away the special-shaped shell: the hydraulic motor 11 is controlled to be closed, then the piston rod of the feed oil cylinder 10 is controlled to retract upwards, when the boring cutter 13 is reset, a worker holds the outer wall of the special-shaped shell, then the screw rods 16 of the left clamping mechanism 14 and the right clamping mechanism 15 are unscrewed reversely, so that the two clamping plates 17 are separated from the cylinder 2 of the special-shaped shell, and after separation, the worker takes away the machined special-shaped shell;
s5, repeating the operations of the steps S1-S4, and continuously cutting annular grooves on the inner walls of the cylinders 2 of the blanks to produce a plurality of special-shaped shells.
However, this machining device, although capable of cutting the annular groove 3 in the cylinder 2 of the blank, has the following technical drawbacks:
I. because the wall thickness of the cylinder 2 is thinner, and the corresponding compressive strength is small, in the step S2, the cylinder 2 of the blank is easily clamped and deformed by the two clamping plates 17, so that the processed annular groove 3 is irregularly shaped (the annular groove 3 required to be processed in the process is regularly circular), the production quality of the special-shaped shell is further reduced, and the technical defect of low precision of processing the annular groove exists.
II. In step S3, when the boring cutter 13 is cutting the inner wall material of the cylinder 2 of the blank, the cutting force generates heat, the heat deforms the cylinder 2, and the processed annular groove 3 is further irregular, which reduces the production quality of the special-shaped shell, and has the technical defect of low precision of processing the annular groove. In addition, the cutting force causes the material of the cylinder 2 to be extruded outwards, which causes the diameter of the cylinder 2 to be enlarged, and further causes the diameter of the machined annular groove 3 to be enlarged, which does not conform to the required size, and further reduces the machining precision of the annular groove.
Therefore, there is a need for a precise machining device and method for annular grooves of a special-shaped shell, which greatly improve the production quality of the special-shaped shell and the machining precision of the annular grooves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a special-shaped shell annular groove precision machining device and method capable of greatly improving the production quality of the special-shaped shell and the machining precision of the annular groove.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a special-shaped shell ring channel precision machining device, it includes hydraulic sliding table and support that set firmly on the backing plate, is provided with the positioning seat on the top surface of hydraulic sliding table's mobile station, and the positioning seat is including setting firmly the bottom plate on the mobile station top surface, setting firmly left locating piece and the right locating piece on the bottom plate top surface, and the inner terminal surface of left locating piece cooperatees with the left tang in the left logical inslot of blank, and the inner terminal surface of right locating piece cooperatees with the right tang in the right logical inslot of blank, a plurality of screw holes have all been seted up on the inner terminal surface of left locating piece and right locating piece;
the cutting mechanism comprises a lifting oil cylinder fixedly arranged at the top of the support, a piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder penetrates through the support, a lifting plate is fixedly arranged on the extending end of the lifting oil cylinder, a plurality of connecting plates are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting plate, annular pipes are fixedly arranged among the plurality of connecting plates, a water outlet pipe and a water inlet pipe are respectively fixedly arranged on the left side and the right side of the annular pipe, and the diameter of an inner ring of each annular pipe is equal to the outer diameter of a cylinder of a blank; the lifting plate is characterized in that a feeding oil cylinder positioned right above the annular pipe is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the lifting plate, a piston rod of the feeding oil cylinder penetrates through the lifting plate, a hydraulic motor is fixedly arranged on the extending end of the feeding oil cylinder, a main shaft is connected to an output shaft of the hydraulic motor, the main shaft is coaxial with the annular pipe, and a boring cutter positioned right above the annular pipe is welded on a cylindrical surface of the main shaft.
The lifting device is characterized in that two lifting cylinders are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the support, piston rods of the two lifting cylinders penetrate through the support, and the lifting plate is fixedly arranged between the acting ends of the two piston rods.
The top surface of the bracket is provided with a through groove, and the feeding oil cylinder is positioned in the through groove.
The water inlet pipe is connected with a water outlet of the water pump, a water pumping port of the water pump is communicated with the cooling liquid storage tank, and the water outlet pipe is communicated with the water return tank through a hose.
Two connecting plates are fixedly arranged between the lifting plate and the annular pipe and are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the annular pipe.
The left end face of the support is provided with an adsorption assembly for fixing the mobile station of the hydraulic motor, the adsorption assembly comprises a stop block fixedly arranged on the left end face of the support, and the left end face of the stop block is fixedly provided with an electromagnet.
The action end of the feeding oil cylinder piston rod is fixedly provided with a mounting plate, and the hydraulic motor is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the mounting plate.
The processing device further comprises a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the hydraulic sliding table, the lifting oil cylinder, the feeding oil cylinder, the hydraulic motor and the water pump through signal wires.
A precision machining method of an annular groove of a special-shaped shell comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing a blank by using a positioning seat tool, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
s11, taking out a blank by a worker, embedding the lower end part of the blank into an area surrounded by a left positioning block and a right positioning block from top to bottom, ensuring that a left spigot of a left through groove of the blank is matched with the inner end surface of the left positioning block, and simultaneously ensuring that a right spigot of a right through groove of the blank is matched with the inner end surface of the right positioning block, so that the front-back freedom degree of the blank is limited;
s12, taking out the pressing plate I and the pressing plate II by a worker, putting the pressing plate I and the pressing plate II into an inner cavity of a blank, fixing the pressing plate I on the inner end surface of a left positioning block through a screw, fixing the left inner wall of the blank on the left positioning block through the pressing plate I under a threaded connection force, simultaneously fixing the pressing plate II on the inner end surface of a right positioning block through the screw, and fixing the right inner wall of the blank on the right positioning block through the pressing plate II under the threaded connection force, so that a blank tool is finally fixed by using a positioning seat;
s2, positioning a blank: controlling the hydraulic sliding table to start, wherein the hydraulic sliding table drives the movable table to move rightwards, the movable table drives the positioning seat to move rightwards, the positioning seat drives the blank fixed on the tool to move rightwards synchronously, and after the movable table is contacted with the electromagnet, the blank is positioned, and at the moment, the center line of the cylinder of the blank and the axis of the main shaft of the cutting mechanism are on the same straight line; after positioning, electrifying the electromagnet, and adsorbing and fixing the mobile station by the electromagnet so as to prevent the mobile station from moving;
s3, controlling piston rods of two lifting cylinders of the cutting mechanism to extend downwards, driving a lifting plate to move downwards by the piston rods, driving a feeding cylinder and an annular pipe to move downwards by the lifting plate, enabling the annular pipe to move towards a cylinder direction of a blank, simultaneously driving a hydraulic motor, a main shaft and a boring cutter to move downwards synchronously by the feeding cylinder, and enabling the annular pipe to be just sleeved outside the cylinder of the blank after the piston rods of the lifting cylinders extend completely, and enabling the boring cutter to be just above the cylinder;
s4, controlling a water pump to start, wherein the water pump pumps out the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid storage tank, and the cooling liquid sequentially flows into the recovery tank through a water outlet, a water inlet pipe, an inner cavity of the annular pipe, a water outlet pipe and a hose of the water pump under the pumping pressure, wherein when the cooling liquid flows through the annular pipe, the cooling liquid transmits cooling capacity to the annular pipe, and the annular pipe transmits cooling capacity to the cylinder of the blank;
s5, controlling an output shaft of a hydraulic motor of the cutting mechanism to rotate, enabling the output shaft to drive a main shaft to rotate, enabling a boring cutter to rotate, simultaneously controlling a piston rod of a feed oil cylinder of the cutting mechanism to extend downwards, enabling the piston rod to drive the hydraulic motor to move downwards, enabling the hydraulic motor to drive the main shaft and the boring cutter to move downwards, cutting inner wall materials of a cylinder of a blank when the rotating boring cutter moves downwards, and enabling the piston rod of the feed oil cylinder to cut and process an annular groove on the inner wall of the cylinder of the blank after the piston rod of the feed oil cylinder extends completely, so that a required special-shaped shell is finally processed;
s6, taking out the processed special-shaped shell, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
s61, controlling the hydraulic motor to be closed, stopping rotation of the boring cutter, then controlling the piston rod of the feeding oil cylinder to retract upwards, driving the hydraulic motor and the boring cutter to synchronously move upwards, and controlling the piston rods of the two lifting oil cylinders to retract upwards after the boring cutter withdraws from the special-shaped shell, wherein the piston rods drive the lifting plates to move upwards, so that the boring cutter is driven to reset;
s62, switching off a power supply of an electromagnet, enabling the electromagnet to not adsorb a movable table of the hydraulic sliding table, then controlling the movable table of the hydraulic sliding table to move leftwards, enabling the movable table to drive a positioning seat to move leftwards, enabling a positioning seat to drive a special-shaped shell to move leftwards, controlling the hydraulic sliding table to be closed after the positioning seat moves rightwards in place, enabling a worker to detach a pressing plate I and a pressing plate II, and finally lifting the special-shaped shell upwards, so that the special-shaped shell is taken away from the positioning seat;
s7, repeating the operations of the steps S1-S6, and continuously cutting annular grooves on the inner walls of the cylinders of the blanks to produce a plurality of special-shaped shells.
The invention has the following advantages: the production quality of the special-shaped shell is greatly improved, and the machining precision of the annular groove is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a shaped shell;
FIG. 2 is a left side elevational view of FIG. 1
FIG. 3 is a right side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a blank;
FIG. 7 is a left side view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a right side view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a processing apparatus used in a plant;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a tooling fixture blank;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a boring cutter cutting the cylindrical inner wall material of a blank;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of section II of FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is an isometric view of an annular tube;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view in elevation of FIG. 15;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a positioning seat;
fig. 18 is a front view of fig. 17;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a fixture fixed blank of the positioning seat of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is an isometric view of the fixture securing blank of the nest of FIG. 19;
FIG. 21 is a schematic illustration of a blank positioned directly below a boring tool;
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of an annular sleeve outside the cylinder of the blank;
fig. 23 is an enlarged view of the portion III of fig. 22;
FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the inner wall material of a cylinder of the boring cutter cutting blank of the present invention;
fig. 25 is an enlarged view of section IV of fig. 24;
in the figure:
1-a shell body, 2-a cylinder, 3-an annular groove, 4-a left through groove, 5-a left spigot, 6-a right through groove, 7-a right spigot, 8-a base plate, 9-a portal frame, 10-a feeding oil cylinder, 11-a hydraulic motor, 12-a main shaft, 13-a boring cutter, 14-a left clamping mechanism, 15-a right clamping mechanism, 16-a screw rod, 17-a clamping plate and 18-a guide rod;
the hydraulic sliding table comprises a hydraulic sliding table body 19, a bracket 20, a movable table 21, a positioning seat 22, a bottom plate 23, a left positioning block 24, a right positioning block 25, a threaded hole 26, a cutting mechanism 27, a lifting cylinder 28, a lifting plate 29, a connecting plate 30, an annular pipe 31, a water outlet pipe 32, a water inlet pipe 33, a hose 34 and a stop block 35;
36-platen I, 37-platen II.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, the scope of the invention not being limited to the following:
as shown in fig. 14-18, the special-shaped shell annular groove precision machining device comprises a hydraulic sliding table 19 and a bracket 20 which are fixedly arranged on a base plate 8, wherein a positioning seat 22 is arranged on the top surface of a moving table 21 of the hydraulic sliding table 19, the positioning seat 22 comprises a bottom plate 23 fixedly arranged on the top surface of the moving table 21, a left positioning block 24 and a right positioning block 25 fixedly arranged on the top surface of the bottom plate 23, the inner end surface of the left positioning block 24 is matched with a left spigot 5 in a left through groove 4 of a blank, the inner end surface of the right positioning block 25 is matched with a right spigot 7 in a right through groove 6 of the blank, and a plurality of threaded holes 26 are formed in the inner end surfaces of the left positioning block 24 and the right positioning block 25.
The support 20 is provided with a cutting mechanism 27, the cutting mechanism 27 comprises a lifting oil cylinder 28 fixedly arranged at the top of the support 20, a piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder 28 penetrates through the support 20, a lifting plate 29 is fixedly arranged at the extending end of the lifting oil cylinder, a plurality of connecting plates 30 are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting plate 29, an annular pipe 31 is fixedly arranged between the plurality of connecting plates 30, two connecting plates 30 are fixedly arranged between the lifting plate 29 and the annular pipe 31, and the two connecting plates 30 are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the annular pipe 31.
The left side and the right side of the annular tube 31 are respectively fixedly provided with a water outlet tube 32 and a water inlet tube 33, and the diameter of the inner ring of the annular tube 31 is equal to the outer diameter of the cylinder 2 of the blank; the top surface of the lifting plate 29 is fixedly provided with a feeding oil cylinder 10 which is positioned right above the annular pipe 31, a piston rod of the feeding oil cylinder 10 penetrates through the lifting plate 29, the extending end of the feeding oil cylinder 10 is fixedly provided with a hydraulic motor 11, the acting end of the piston rod of the feeding oil cylinder 10 is fixedly provided with a mounting plate, and the hydraulic motor 11 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the mounting plate. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 11 is connected with a main shaft 12, the main shaft 12 is coaxial with the annular tube 31, and a boring cutter 13 positioned right above the annular tube 31 is welded on the cylindrical surface of the main shaft 12. The water inlet pipe 33 is connected with a water outlet of the water pump, a water pumping port of the water pump is communicated with the cooling liquid storage tank, and the water outlet pipe 32 is communicated with the water return tank through a hose 34.
Two lifting cylinders 28 are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the bracket 20, piston rods of the two lifting cylinders 28 penetrate through the bracket 20, and the lifting plate 29 is fixedly arranged between the acting ends of the two piston rods. The top surface of the bracket 20 is provided with a through groove, and the feed cylinder 10 is positioned in the through groove. The left end face of the support 20 is provided with an adsorption assembly for fixing the mobile station 21 of the hydraulic motor 11, the adsorption assembly comprises a stop block 35 fixedly arranged on the left end face of the support 20, and an electromagnet is fixedly arranged on the left end face of the stop block 35.
The processing device further comprises a controller, the controller is electrically connected with the hydraulic sliding table 19, the lifting oil cylinder 28, the feeding oil cylinder 10, the hydraulic motor 11 and the water pump through signal wires, the controller can control the starting or closing of the hydraulic sliding table 19, the hydraulic motor 11 and the water pump, and meanwhile, the controller can also control the extension or retraction of the piston rods of the lifting oil cylinder 28 and the feeding oil cylinder 10, so that the operation of workers is facilitated, and the processing device has the characteristic of high automation degree.
A precision machining method of an annular groove of a special-shaped shell comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing a blank by utilizing a positioning seat 22 tool, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
s11, taking out a blank as shown in fig. 6-9 by a worker, embedding the lower end part of the blank into an area surrounded by a left positioning block 24 and a right positioning block 25 from top to bottom, ensuring that a left spigot 5 of a left through groove 4 of the blank is matched with the inner end surface of the left positioning block 24, and simultaneously ensuring that a right spigot 7 of a right through groove 6 of the blank is matched with the inner end surface of the right positioning block 25, so that the front-back freedom degree of the blank is limited;
s12, taking out the pressing plate I36 and the pressing plate II37 by a worker, putting the pressing plate I36 and the pressing plate II37 into an inner cavity of a blank, fixing the pressing plate I36 on the inner end surface of the left positioning block 24 through a screw, fixing the left inner wall of the blank on the left positioning block 24 under a threaded connection force, simultaneously fixing the pressing plate II37 on the inner end surface of the right positioning block 25 through a screw, and fixing the right inner wall of the blank on the right positioning block 25 through the pressing plate II37 under the threaded connection force, so that the blank fixture is finally fixed by using the positioning seat 22, as shown in fig. 19-20;
the step S1 shows that the machining device firstly limits the front-back displacement of the blank through the left positioning block 24 and the right positioning block 25, and then is in threaded connection with the left positioning block 24 through the pressing plate I36 so as to fix the left inner wall of the blank, and is in threaded connection with the right positioning block 25 through the pressing plate II37 so as to fix the right inner wall of the blank, and then finally fixes the blank fixture on the positioning seat 22. Therefore, in the whole fixture fixing process, the blank fixture can be fixed without pressing the cylinder 2 of the blank, so that the cylinder 2 is effectively prevented from being deformed by clamping, and compared with the processing device shown in fig. 10-13, the shape of the processed annular groove 3 is regular, the production quality of the special-shaped shell is further improved, and the processing precision of the annular groove 3 is further greatly improved.
S2, positioning a blank: controlling the hydraulic sliding table 19 to start, wherein the hydraulic sliding table 19 drives the movable table 21 to move rightwards, the movable table 21 drives the positioning seat 22 to move rightwards, the positioning seat 22 drives the blank fixed on the tool to move rightwards synchronously, and after the movable table 21 is contacted with the electromagnet, the blank is positioned, as shown in fig. 21, and at the moment, the center line of the cylinder 2 of the blank is on the same straight line with the axis of the main shaft 12 of the cutting mechanism; after positioning, the electromagnet is electrified, and the electromagnet adsorbs and fixes the mobile station 21 so as to prevent the mobile station 21 from moving;
s3, controlling piston rods of two lifting cylinders 28 of a cutting mechanism 27 to extend downwards, driving a lifting plate 29 to move downwards by the piston rods, driving a feed cylinder 10 and an annular pipe 31 to move downwards by the lifting plate 29, enabling the annular pipe 31 to move towards a cylinder 2 of a blank, simultaneously driving a hydraulic motor 11, a main shaft 12 and a boring cutter 13 to synchronously move downwards by the feed cylinder 10, and when the piston rods of the lifting cylinders 28 extend completely, enabling the annular pipe 31 to be just sleeved outside the cylinder 2 of the blank, as shown in fig. 22-23, and enabling the boring cutter 13 to be just above the cylinder 2;
s4, controlling a water pump to start, wherein the water pump pumps out the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid storage tank, and the cooling liquid sequentially flows into the recovery tank through a water outlet, a water inlet pipe 33, an inner cavity of the annular pipe 31, a water outlet pipe 32 and a hose 34 of the water pump under the pumping pressure, wherein when the cooling liquid flows through the annular pipe 31, the cooling liquid transfers the cooling capacity to the annular pipe 31, and the annular pipe 31 transfers the cooling capacity to the cylinder 2 of the blank;
s5, controlling an output shaft of a hydraulic motor 11 of a cutting mechanism 27 to rotate, driving a main shaft 12 to rotate by the output shaft, driving a boring cutter 13 to rotate by the main shaft 12, simultaneously controlling a piston rod of a feeding cylinder 10 of the cutting mechanism to extend downwards, driving the hydraulic motor 11 to move downwards by the piston rod, driving the main shaft 12 and the boring cutter 13 to move downwards by the hydraulic motor 11, cutting an inner wall material of a cylinder 2 of a blank when the rotating boring cutter 13 moves downwards, as shown in fig. 24-25, cutting an annular groove 3 on the inner wall of the cylinder 2 of the blank after the piston rod of the feeding cylinder 10 extends completely, and finally machining a required special-shaped shell, wherein the machined special-shaped shell is shown in fig. 1-5;
s6, taking out the processed special-shaped shell, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
s61, controlling the hydraulic motor 11 to be closed, stopping rotation of the boring cutter 13, then controlling the piston rod of the feed oil cylinder 10 to retract upwards, driving the hydraulic motor 11 and the boring cutter 13 to synchronously move upwards, and controlling the piston rods of the two lifting oil cylinders 28 to retract upwards after the boring cutter 13 withdraws from the special-shaped shell, and driving the lifting plate 29 to move upwards by the piston rods so as to drive the boring cutter 13 to reset;
s62, switching off a power supply of an electromagnet, enabling the electromagnet to not adsorb the movable table 21 of the hydraulic sliding table 19 any more, then controlling the movable table 21 of the hydraulic sliding table 19 to move leftwards, enabling the movable table 21 to drive the positioning seat 22 to move leftwards, controlling the hydraulic sliding table 19 to be closed after the positioning seat 22 drives the special-shaped shell to move leftwards and rightwards to move in place, then enabling a worker to detach the pressing plate I36 and the pressing plate II37, and finally lifting the special-shaped shell upwards, so that the special-shaped shell is taken away from the positioning seat 22;
s7, repeating the operations of the steps S1-S6, and continuously cutting annular grooves on the inner walls of the cylinders 2 of the blanks to produce a plurality of special-shaped shells.
As is known from steps S3 to S5, the processing device is sleeved outside the blank cylinder 2 through the annular tube 31, then cooling liquid is introduced into the annular tube 31, and then the boring cutter 13 of the cutting mechanism 27 cuts the inner wall material of the blank cylinder 2, so that the annular groove 3 is finally cut on the inner wall of the blank cylinder 2, and the required special-shaped shell is produced.
Therefore, in the process of cutting the cylinder 2 by the boring cutter 13, the annular tube 31 is always sleeved on the outer wall of the cylinder 2, so that the cutting force generated by the boring cutter 13 is effectively resisted, the diameter of the cylinder 2 is prevented from being increased due to outward extrusion of materials, the size of the machined annular groove 3 is further ensured to meet the design requirement, and compared with the machining device shown in fig. 10-13, the machining precision of the annular groove 3 is greatly improved. In addition, the cooling liquid is always introduced into the annular pipe 31, and the cooling liquid takes away the heat transferred to the cylinder 2 in the cutting process, so that the cylinder 2 is effectively prevented from deforming, the shape of the machined annular groove 3 is ensured to be regular, the production quality of the special-shaped shell is further improved, and the machining precision of the annular groove 3 is further greatly improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The method adopts a special-shaped shell annular groove precision machining device, the device comprises a hydraulic sliding table (19) and a bracket (20) which are fixedly arranged on a base plate (8), a positioning seat (22) is arranged on the top surface of a moving table (21) of the hydraulic sliding table (19), the positioning seat (22) comprises a bottom plate (23) fixedly arranged on the top surface of the moving table (21), a left positioning block (24) and a right positioning block (25) which are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the bottom plate (23), the inner end surface of the left positioning block (24) is matched with a left spigot (5) in a left through groove (4) of a blank, the inner end surface of the right positioning block (25) is matched with a right spigot (7) in a right through groove (6) of the blank, and a plurality of threaded holes (26) are formed in the inner end surfaces of the left positioning block (24) and the right positioning block (25);
the cutting mechanism (27) is arranged on the support (20), the cutting mechanism (27) comprises a lifting oil cylinder (28) fixedly arranged at the top of the support (20), a piston rod of the lifting oil cylinder (28) penetrates through the support (20), a lifting plate (29) is fixedly arranged at the extending end, a plurality of connecting plates (30) are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the lifting plate (29), an annular pipe (31) is fixedly arranged between the connecting plates (30), a water outlet pipe (32) and a water inlet pipe (33) are respectively fixedly arranged on the left side and the right side of the annular pipe (31), and the diameter of the inner ring of the annular pipe (31) is equal to the outer diameter of a cylinder (2) of a blank;
a feeding oil cylinder (10) positioned right above the annular pipe (31) is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the lifting plate (29), a piston rod of the feeding oil cylinder (10) penetrates through the lifting plate (29), a hydraulic motor (11) is fixedly arranged on the extending end, a main shaft (12) is connected to an output shaft of the hydraulic motor (11), the main shaft (12) is coaxial with the annular pipe (31), and a boring cutter (13) positioned right above the annular pipe (31) is welded on the cylindrical surface of the main shaft (12); two lifting cylinders (28) are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the bracket (20), piston rods of the two lifting cylinders (28) penetrate through the bracket (20), and the lifting plate (29) is fixedly arranged between the acting ends of the two piston rods;
the top surface of the bracket (20) is provided with a through groove, and the feeding oil cylinder (10) is positioned in the through groove; the water inlet pipe (33) is connected with a water outlet of the water pump, the water pumping port of the water pump is communicated with the cooling liquid storage tank, and the water outlet pipe (32) is communicated with the water return tank through a hose (34); two connecting plates (30) are fixedly arranged between the lifting plate (29) and the annular pipe (31), and the two connecting plates (30) are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the annular pipe (31); an adsorption assembly for fixing a mobile station (21) of the hydraulic motor (11) is arranged on the left end face of the bracket (20), and comprises a stop block (35) fixedly arranged on the left end face of the bracket (20), and an electromagnet is fixedly arranged on the left end face of the stop block (35);
the action end of a piston rod of the feeding oil cylinder (10) is fixedly provided with a mounting plate, and the hydraulic motor (11) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the mounting plate;
the processing device further comprises a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the hydraulic sliding table (19), the lifting oil cylinder (28), the feeding oil cylinder (10), the hydraulic motor (11) and the water pump through signal wires, and the processing device is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, fixing a blank by utilizing a positioning seat (22) tool, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
s11, taking out a blank by a worker, embedding the lower end part of the blank into an area surrounded by a left positioning block (24) and a right positioning block (25) from top to bottom, ensuring that a left spigot (5) of a left through groove (4) of the blank is matched with the inner end surface of the left positioning block (24), and simultaneously ensuring that a right spigot (7) of a right through groove (6) of the blank is matched with the inner end surface of the right positioning block (25), so that the front and back freedom degree of the blank is limited;
s12, taking out the pressing plate I (36) and the pressing plate II (37) by a worker, putting the pressing plate I (36) and the pressing plate II (37) into an inner cavity of a blank, fixing the pressing plate I (36) on the inner end surface of the left positioning block (24) through a screw, fixing the left inner wall of the blank on the left positioning block (24) through the pressing plate I (36) under a threaded connection force, simultaneously fixing the pressing plate II (37) on the inner end surface of the right positioning block (25) through the screw, and fixing the right inner wall of the blank on the right positioning block (25) through the pressing plate II (37) under the threaded connection force, so that the blank tool is finally fixed by using the positioning seat (22);
s2, positioning a blank: controlling a hydraulic sliding table (19) to start, enabling the hydraulic sliding table (19) to drive a movable table (21) to move rightwards, enabling the movable table (21) to drive a positioning seat (22) to move rightwards, enabling a blank fixed on a tool to synchronously move rightwards by the positioning seat (22), and enabling the blank to be positioned after the movable table (21) is contacted with an electromagnet, wherein the center line of a cylinder (2) of the blank and the axis of a main shaft (12) of a cutting mechanism are on the same straight line; after positioning, the electromagnet is electrified, and the electromagnet adsorbs and fixes the mobile station (21) so as to prevent the mobile station (21) from moving;
s3, controlling piston rods of two lifting cylinders (28) of a cutting mechanism (27) to extend downwards, driving a lifting plate (29) to move downwards by the piston rods, driving a feed cylinder (10) and an annular pipe (31) to move downwards by the lifting plate (29), enabling the annular pipe (31) to move towards a cylinder (2) of a blank, simultaneously driving a hydraulic motor (11), a main shaft (12) and a boring cutter (13) to synchronously move downwards by the feed cylinder (10), and enabling the annular pipe (31) to be just sleeved outside the cylinder (2) of the blank after the piston rods of the lifting cylinders (28) extend completely, and enabling the boring cutter (13) to be just above the cylinder (2);
s4, controlling a water pump to start, wherein the water pump pumps out the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid storage tank, and the cooling liquid sequentially flows into the recovery tank through a water outlet, a water inlet pipe (33), an inner cavity of the annular pipe (31), a water outlet pipe (32) and a hose (34) of the water pump under the pumping pressure, wherein when the cooling liquid flows through the annular pipe (31), the cooling liquid transfers the cooling capacity to the annular pipe (31), and the annular pipe (31) transfers the cooling capacity to the cylinder (2) of the blank;
s5, controlling an output shaft of a hydraulic motor (11) of a cutting mechanism (27) to rotate, driving a main shaft (12) to rotate by the output shaft, driving a boring cutter (13) to rotate by the main shaft (12), simultaneously controlling a piston rod of a feed oil cylinder (10) of the cutting mechanism to extend downwards, driving the hydraulic motor (11) to move downwards by the piston rod, driving the main shaft (12) and the boring cutter (13) to move downwards by the hydraulic motor (11), cutting an inner wall material of a cylinder (2) of a blank when the rotating boring cutter (13) moves downwards, and cutting an annular groove (3) on the inner wall of the cylinder (2) of the blank after the piston rod of the feed oil cylinder (10) extends completely, so that a required special-shaped shell is finally machined;
s6, taking out the processed special-shaped shell, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
s61, controlling the hydraulic motor (11) to be closed, stopping rotation of the boring cutter (13), then controlling a piston rod of the feeding oil cylinder (10) to retract upwards, driving the hydraulic motor (11) and the boring cutter (13) to synchronously move upwards, and controlling piston rods of the two lifting oil cylinders (28) to retract upwards after the boring cutter (13) withdraws from the special-shaped shell, and driving the lifting plate (29) to move upwards by the piston rods so as to drive the boring cutter (13) to reset;
s62, disconnecting a power supply of an electromagnet, enabling the electromagnet to not adsorb a moving table (21) of the hydraulic sliding table (19), then controlling the moving table (21) of the hydraulic sliding table (19) to move leftwards, enabling a positioning seat (22) to move leftwards by the moving table (21), enabling a special-shaped shell to move leftwards by the positioning seat (22), controlling the hydraulic sliding table (19) to be closed after moving rightwards in place, then disassembling a pressing plate I (36) and a pressing plate II (37) by workers, and finally lifting the special-shaped shell upwards, so that the special-shaped shell is taken away from the positioning seat (22);
s7, repeating the operations of the steps S1-S6, and continuously cutting annular grooves on the inner walls of the cylinders (2) of the blanks to produce a plurality of special-shaped shells.
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| CN202311704915.6A CN117381020B (en) | 2023-12-13 | 2023-12-13 | Precise machining device and method for annular groove of special-shaped shell |
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| CN202311704915.6A CN117381020B (en) | 2023-12-13 | 2023-12-13 | Precise machining device and method for annular groove of special-shaped shell |
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