CN117379161A

CN117379161A - Pedicle screw

Info

Publication number: CN117379161A
Application number: CN202310934306.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江渟; 王勇; 陆益民; 刘正士
Original assignee: Hefei Bianri Medical Technology Co ltd; First Affiliated Hospital of AHUTCM
Current assignee: Hefei Bianri Medical Technology Co ltd; First Affiliated Hospital of AHUTCM
Priority date: 2023-07-26
Filing date: 2023-07-26
Publication date: 2024-01-12

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a pedicle screw; the screw comprises a main screw, a ball head and a screw rod, wherein an inclined through hole is formed in the ball head; the screw seat comprises a mounting hole for mounting the main screw, and the bottom of the mounting hole is matched with the ball head; one end of the inclined through hole is positioned in the mounting hole, and the other end of the inclined through hole faces out of the screw seat; the auxiliary screw is arranged in the inclined through hole, and a screw head of the auxiliary screw is accommodated in the ball head; the plug assembly is arranged in the mounting hole; according to the invention, the oblique through hole is formed in the ball head of the main screw, the auxiliary screw is arranged in the oblique through hole, and the auxiliary screw is matched with the main screw, so that the load resistance of the pedicle screw can be enhanced, the reliability and stability of pedicle screw implantation are further improved, and the possibility of loosening or falling off of the pedicle screw is reduced.

Description

Pedicle screw

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a pedicle screw.

Background

In modern surgery, pedicle screws are increasingly used in spinal surgery, and the pedicle screws have obvious effects on the treatment of spinal injuries due to good biological stability; if the vertebral body is required to be fixed, the nail body is screwed into the pedicles of different vertebrations by connecting the nail seats by a tool, then the nail seats of the pedicle nails of the connecting rods are used, and finally the connecting rods are pressed and fixed on the nail seats of the pedicle nails by locking screws; thus, the goal of fixing the corresponding spinal column segment can be achieved.

However, the use of existing pedicle screws presents a number of problems, particularly in osteoporotic vertebral bodies. For example, the situation that the implanted screw loosens or even falls off occurs during or after the operation, so that the existing pedicle screw cannot meet the higher-level requirements of the modern medicine on the implantation of the pedicle screw.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a pedicle screw, which solves the technical problem of loosening or falling off of the existing pedicle screw when implanted into a vertebral body.

To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a pedicle screw comprising:

the main screw comprises a ball head, and an inclined through hole is formed in the ball head;

the screw seat comprises a mounting hole for mounting the main screw, and the bottom of the mounting hole is matched with the ball head; one end of the inclined through hole is positioned in the mounting hole, and the other end of the inclined through hole faces out of the screw seat;

the auxiliary screw is arranged in the inclined through hole, and a screw head of the auxiliary screw is accommodated in the ball head;

and the plug assembly is arranged in the mounting hole.

As one embodiment, the screw head is in a cone shape provided with threads.

As one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plug assembly includes:

the fixing seat is arranged at the upper end of the ball head in the mounting hole, and one end of the fixing seat is an arc surface or a spherical surface matched with the ball head.

As one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plug assembly further includes:

the locking screw is arranged above the fixed seat and is in threaded connection with the screw seat;

the connecting rod is arranged between the fixing seat and the locking screw, and the screwed locking screw can fix the connecting rod, the fixing seat and the ball head.

As one embodiment of the present disclosure, a surface of the fixing base, which is abutted against the connecting rod, is adapted to a surface of the connecting rod.

As one embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking screw is in threaded connection with the screw seat, and is located at the upper end of the connecting rod, and the locking screw can be matched with the fixing seat to compress and fix the connecting rod.

the gasket is arranged between the connecting rod and the locking screw in the mounting hole, and the locked locking screw can fix the gasket, the connecting rod, the fixing seat and the ball head.

As one embodiment of the present case, the fixing base, the locking screw, the gasket and the screw base are coaxially arranged.

As one embodiment of the scheme, the gasket is provided with a fixing groove, and the fixing groove is an arc groove or a V-shaped groove matched with the shaft surface of the connecting rod.

As one embodiment of the present disclosure, the screw seat is provided with two open slots for the connection rod to pass through, and the two open slots are symmetrically arranged;

as one embodiment of the present disclosure, two symmetrical sides of the fixing base are provided with clamping portions, and the clamping portions are configured to be clamped by a jaw tool.

In summary, the oblique through hole is formed in the ball head of the main screw, the auxiliary screw is arranged in the oblique through hole, and the auxiliary screw is matched with the main screw, so that the load resistance of the pedicle screw can be enhanced, the implantation reliability and stability of the pedicle screw are further improved, the possibility of loosening and falling off of the pedicle screw is reduced, a better effect can be produced for patients with osteoporosis, and positive effects on correction of lumbar disc herniation and correction of spinal lesions are achieved; meanwhile, compared with the situation that only one main screw is implanted, the auxiliary screw is additionally arranged on the basis of implanting one main screw, the number of operation incisions and the size of the operation incisions are not increased, but the stability and the reliability of the implantation fixation of the pedicle screw are increased for the osteoporosis vertebral body, the operation failure caused by loosening of the pedicle screw is avoided, and the possibility of re-operation is reduced; through the gasket that is provided with the fixed slot, improved the difficult not hard up performance of connecting rod in the use.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional block diagram of one side of the whole of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional block diagram of the other side of the whole body of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a fixing base of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the screw seat of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the main screw structure of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a side view of the main screw structure of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the secondary screw of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the plug assembly of the present invention including a gasket;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view relative to the right side view of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of a gasket of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a ball head of the present invention limited by a fixing base;

description of element numbers: the screw driver comprises a main screw 1, a driving part 10, a ball head 11, an inclined through hole 111, a screw seat 2, a mounting hole 21, an open slot 22, a secondary screw 3, a screw head 31, a plug assembly 4, a fixed seat 41, a clamping part 411, a locking screw 42, a connecting rod 43, a gasket 44 and a fixing slot 441.

Detailed Description

Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be understood that the terminology used in the examples of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The test methods in the following examples, in which specific conditions are not noted, are generally conducted under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the respective manufacturers.

Please refer to fig. 1 to 12. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings are for illustration purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the extent that it can be practiced, since modifications, changes in the proportions, or adjustments of the sizes, which are otherwise, used in the practice of the invention, are included in the spirit and scope of the invention which is otherwise, without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Also, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "a" and the like recited in the present specification are merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but are intended to provide relative positional changes or modifications without materially altering the technical context in which the invention may be practiced.

Where numerical ranges are provided in the examples, it is understood that unless otherwise stated herein, both endpoints of each numerical range and any number between the two endpoints are significant both in the numerical range. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs and to which this invention belongs, and any method, apparatus, or material of the prior art similar or equivalent to the methods, apparatus, or materials described in the examples of this invention may be used to practice the invention.

Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides a pedicle screw comprising:

the main screw 1 comprises a ball head 11, wherein an inclined through hole 111 is formed in the ball head 11;

the screw seat 2 comprises a mounting hole 21 for mounting the main screw 1, and the bottom of the mounting hole 21 is matched with the ball head 11; one end of the inclined through hole 111 is positioned in the mounting hole 21, and the other end faces the outside of the screw seat 2;

a sub screw 3 provided in the inclined through hole 111, and a screw head 31 of the sub screw 3 is accommodated in the ball head 11;

and the plug assembly 4 is arranged in the mounting hole 21.

It should be noted that, the main screw 1 is used for fixing the spine of the human body, the screw seat 2 is used for installing the main screw 1, the auxiliary screw 3 is used for assisting the main screw 1 to be fixed on the spine of the human body, the plug component 4 is used for plugging the upper part of the screw seat 2 to avoid the separation of the main screw 1 and the auxiliary screw 3 from the screw seat 2, or the plug component 4 is used for fixing the ball head 11 in the installation hole 21; the main screw 1 of the ball head 11 is adopted, so that the main screw 1 can be conveniently and movably adjusted in the screw seat 2, and when a certain degree of freedom is required to be provided for two adjacent pedicle screws after an operation, a gap can be reserved between the plug assembly 4 and the ball head 11, so that a certain degree of freedom is provided between the two adjacent pedicle screws; the upper end of the mounting hole 21 is larger than the diameter of the ball head 11, and the lower end of the mounting hole 21 is smaller than the diameter of the ball head 11 so as to limit the ball head 11 on the screw seat 2, and the bottom of the mounting hole 21 is a spherical surface matched with the ball head 11; by arranging the inclined through hole 111 on the ball head 11 for installing the auxiliary screw 3, as one end of the inclined through hole 111 is positioned in the installation hole 21 and the other end of the inclined through hole 111 is positioned outside the screw seat 2, compared with the situation that only one main screw 1 is implanted when the pedicle screw is implanted in spinal surgery, the auxiliary screw 3 is additionally arranged on the basis of the implantation of the main screw 1, so that the stability and the reliability of the pedicle screw implantation can be improved, and the pain of a patient can be reduced; the main screw 1 comprises the ball head 11, so that the positions of the mounting hole 21 and the inclined through hole 111 on the ball head 11 are convenient to adjust, and the auxiliary screw 3 is convenient to mount in the inclined through hole 111; one end of the auxiliary screw 3 far away from the screw head 31 can penetrate into the inclined through hole 111 from the upper part of the mounting hole 21 and penetrate out from the other end of the inclined through hole 111 and the other end of the mounting hole 21, and the screw head 31 of the auxiliary screw 3 can be accommodated in the inclined through hole 111 in the ball head 11 and limited; the screw head 31 is accommodated in the ball head 11, so that the influence on the movement of the main screw 1 in the screw seat 2 can be avoided or reduced; by adding the auxiliary screw 3, the load resistance of the pedicle screw can be enhanced, the implantation reliability and stability of the pedicle screw can be further improved, the possibility of loosening or falling off of the pedicle screw can be reduced, a better effect can be produced for patients with osteoporosis, and the correction of lumbar disc herniation and correction of spinal lesions can be positively achieved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 8, as one embodiment of the present invention, the screw head 31 has a tapered shape with threads.

As one embodiment, the screw head 31 is provided with threads; the screw head 31 is tapered.

It should be noted that, the screw head 31 is configured into a threaded cone shape, so that on one hand, the screw head 31 of the auxiliary screw 3 can be limited in the inclined through hole 111, and on the other hand, the screw head 31 is provided with threads, so that the auxiliary screw 3 is convenient to be fixedly connected with the main screw 1; the inclined through hole 111 is in a conical shape matched with the screw head 31, when no screw thread is arranged in the inclined through hole 111, the auxiliary screw 3 is installed in the inclined through hole 111 in a conical screw thread self-tapping mode, when the screw thread is arranged in the inclined through hole 111, the screw thread is installed in a matched mode with the screw thread on the screw head 31, so that the screw thread can be better connected with the main screw 1, the main screw 1 can be further limited in multiple directions, and the reliability and stability of implantation of the whole pedicle screw are improved.

Referring to fig. 1, 4, and 9, as one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plug assembly 4 includes:

the fixing seat 41 is disposed at the upper end of the ball head 11 in the mounting hole 21, and one end of the fixing seat 41 is an arc surface or a spherical surface matched with the surface of the ball head 11.

It should be noted that, the fixing seat 41 is disposed at the upper end of the ball 11 of the main screw 1, and the ball 11 is limited by the fixing seat 41, so as to avoid the separation of the main screw 1 and the auxiliary screw 3 from the screw seat 2 after installation, as shown in fig. 12, when the screw thread is disposed in the mounting hole 21, and when the screw thread adapted to the interior of the mounting hole 21 is disposed on the fixing seat 41, the fixing seat 41 can be used for fixing the ball 11, and also can maintain a gap between the fixing seat 41 and the ball 11 so that the ball 11 has a certain degree of freedom, and the gap between the fixing seat 41 and the ball 11 can be adjusted according to actual requirements.

Referring to fig. 1, 4, and 9, as one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plug assembly 4 further includes:

a locking screw 42 disposed above the fixed seat 41;

the connecting rod 43 is disposed between the fixing base 41 and the locking screw 42, and the locking screw 42 that is locked can fix the connecting rod 43, the fixing base 41 and the ball 11.

It should be noted that, one end of the fixing seat 41 is an arc surface or a spherical surface matched with the ball head 11, so as to facilitate fixing the ball head 11 and reduce abrasion to the ball head 11; a fixed seat 41 is arranged at the upper end of the ball head 11 of the main screw 1, and the ball head 11 is limited through the fixed seat 41, so that the main screw 1 and the auxiliary screw 3 after being mounted are prevented from being separated from the screw seat 2; referring to fig. 1 and 5, the screw seat 2 is provided with threads only on the upper portion, and when the fixing seat 41 is not provided with threads, the connecting rod 43, the fixing seat 41 and the ball head 11 can be fixed by tightening the locking screw 42, and the connecting rod 43, the fixing seat 41 and the ball head 11 can be locked only by the locking screw 42, so that the operation is simple, and the improvement of the operation efficiency is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 1, as one embodiment of the present disclosure, a surface of the fixing base 41 abutting against the connecting rod 43 is adapted to the surface of the connecting rod 43.

It should be noted that, since one end of the fixing seat 41 contacts the ball head 11 and the other end contacts the connecting rod 43 and supports the connecting rod 43, the surface of the fixing seat 41 abutting against the connecting rod 43 is set to be matched with the surface of the connecting rod 43, so that the stability of the connecting rod 43 in connection and fixation can be improved, and the falling or loosening of the connecting rod 43 can be reduced or avoided; the cross section of the connecting rod 43 is circular, square, oval or polygonal, and the surface of the fixing seat 41 contacting with the connecting rod 43 is matched with the surface of the connecting rod 43.

Referring to fig. 9-11, as one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plug assembly 4 further includes:

and a spacer 44 disposed between the connection rod 43 and the locking screw 42 in the mounting hole 21, and the tightened locking screw 42 can fix the spacer 44, the connection rod 43, the fixing base 41 and the ball 11.

It should be noted that, since the contact surface between the locking screw 42 and the connecting rod 43 is not convenient to be processed into a shape with a structure adapted, otherwise, the locking screw 42 is not convenient to be screwed, and the effect of limiting and fixing the connecting rod 43 is poor due to the interference of the locking screw 42 and the connecting rod 43, therefore, by adding a spacer 44, one end of the spacer 44 is adapted to the surface of the connecting rod 43, and the other end of the spacer 44 is adapted to the surface contacted with the fixing seat 41, so as to realize radial and/or axial limitation of the spacer 44 to the connecting rod 43, and further improve the effect of fixing the spacer 44, the connecting rod 43, the fixing seat 41 and the ball 11 by the locking screw 42.

Referring to fig. 1, 9 and 12, as an embodiment, the fixing seat 41, the locking screw 42 and the spacer 44 are coaxially disposed with the screw seat 2.

It should be noted that, by coaxially arranging the fixing seat 41, the locking screw 42 and the spacer 44 with the screw seat 2, the fixing seat 41, the locking screw 42 and the spacer 44 are convenient to be installed in the screw seat 2, so that the installation and connection efficiency of the pedicle screw is improved, and the whole operation efficiency is further improved.

Referring to fig. 9, 11 and 12, as an embodiment, the spacer 44 is provided with a fixing groove 441, and the fixing groove 441 is an arc-shaped groove or a V-shaped groove matching with the axial surface of the connecting rod 43.

It should be noted that, the spacer 44 is provided with a fixing groove 441, the fixing groove 441 is matched with the locking screw 42 to fix the connecting rod 43, and the surface of the fixing groove 441 may be a rough surface to increase the friction force with the connecting rod 43; the fixing groove 441 is provided in an arc shape or a V shape, which can enhance the friction force between the fixing groove 441 and the connection rod 43, thereby avoiding or reducing the rotation and axial movement of the connection rod 43; the side of the washer 44 that contacts the locking screw 42 is adapted to the surface of the locking screw 42.

Referring to fig. 1-3 and 5, as an embodiment of the present invention, two open slots 22 for the connection rod 43 to pass through are provided on the screw seat 2, and the two open slots 22 are symmetrically arranged.

It should be noted that, through setting up the open slot 22 that two symmetries set up on screw seat 2 to the installation of connecting rod 43 between two adjacent pedicle screws of vertebral arch is convenient for, simultaneously, can also be through making the instrument install to the vice screw 3 that lies in oblique through-hole 111 through open slot 22 department, can reduce or avoid the wall around screw seat 2 to the hindrance of the instrument of the vice screw 3 of installation and end cap subassembly 4, and then improves the convenience of installation.

Referring to fig. 2-3, the bottom of the open slot 22 is V-shaped, and referring to fig. 5, the bottom of the open slot 22 is U-shaped.

Referring to fig. 4, as one embodiment of the present disclosure, two symmetrical sides of the fixing base 41 are provided with clamping portions 411, the clamping portions 411 are located at the inner sides of the arc surface or the spherical surface of the fixing base 41, and the clamping portions 411 are configured to be clamped by a jaw tool.

It should be noted that, the clamping portion 411 is a hole or a plane or a concave structure with roughness, so that the clamping portion 411 can be clamped by a customized jaw tool to take out the fixing seat 41 or place the fixing seat 41; jaw-type tools such as wire cutters.

Referring to fig. 1, 6, 7, 9, and 12, as one embodiment of the present disclosure, driving portions 10 are respectively disposed on the main screw 1, the auxiliary screw 3, the fixing assembly, and the locking screw 42, and the driving portions 10 are a straight slot, a cross slot, a quincuncial slot, or a polygonal slot; thereby facilitating the installation and fixation of the main screw 1, the auxiliary screw 3, the fixing seat 41 and the locking screw 42 by tools.

Referring to fig. 1-3, as one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the auxiliary screw 3 is smaller than the diameter of the main screw 1.

Referring to fig. 1-3, as one embodiment of the present invention, the thread density of the secondary screw 3 is greater than that of the primary screw 1.

In conclusion, the invention effectively overcomes some practical problems in the prior art, thereby having high utilization value and use significance.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A pedicle screw, comprising:

and the plug assembly is arranged in the mounting hole.

2. A pedicle screw as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the screw head is in a cone shape provided with threads.

3. The pedicle screw of claim 1, wherein the plug assembly comprises:

4. The pedicle screw of claim 3, wherein the plug assembly further comprises:

the connecting rod is arranged between the fixing seat and the locking screw, and the locked locking screw can fix the connecting rod, the fixing seat and the ball head.

5. The pedicle screw of claim 4, wherein the surface of the anchor seat that abuts the connecting rod is adapted to the connecting rod surface.

6. The pedicle screw of claim 4, wherein the plug assembly further comprises:

the gasket is arranged between the connecting rod and the locking screw in the mounting hole, and the screwed locking screw can fix the gasket, the connecting rod, the fixing seat and the ball head.

7. The pedicle screw of claim 6, wherein the anchor, locking screw, spacer are coaxially disposed with the screw seat.

8. The pedicle screw of claim 6, wherein the spacer is provided with a fixation groove, the fixation groove being an arcuate groove or a V-groove matching the axial face of the connecting rod.

9. The pedicle screw as claimed in claim 4, wherein the screw seat is provided with two open slots for the connection rod to pass through, and the two open slots are symmetrically arranged.

10. A pedicle screw as claimed in claim 3, wherein the fixing base is provided with clamping parts on both sides of symmetry.