CN117378627A - 一种生物刺激剂及其制备和使用方法 - Google Patents
一种生物刺激剂及其制备和使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117378627A CN117378627A CN202311320498.5A CN202311320498A CN117378627A CN 117378627 A CN117378627 A CN 117378627A CN 202311320498 A CN202311320498 A CN 202311320498A CN 117378627 A CN117378627 A CN 117378627A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种生物刺激剂及其制备和使用方法,制备方法包括:1)、粉碎:将生物质废弃物粉碎成粉末状;2)、水热合成:将粉末状生物质废弃物和碱性溶液加入到水热合成釜中,在180‑220℃下厌氧反应22‑26h,碱性溶液是浓度为0.1%~5%的氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠溶液,二者的比例为:(1~3g):(30~50mL);3)、离心分离:获得溶液部分;4)、pH值调节:收集溶液部分,调节其pH值至酸性;5)、静置沉淀和分离:进行静置沉淀并进行离心分离,以获得沉淀物;6)、干燥:对沉淀物进行干燥,以获得生物刺激剂。本发明的主要制备原料为生物质废弃物,其可为资源化利用生物质废弃物提供新途径,所制备的生物刺激剂可促进种子萌发、植物生长,以及提高抗逆能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物刺激剂技术领域,涉及一种生物刺激剂及其制备和使用方法。
背景技术
生物刺激剂可调控植物代谢过程,刺激植物生长与养分吸收、提高植物品质与抗逆性。常见的生物刺激剂包括海藻酸、壳聚糖、微生物菌剂等。生产中,常将生物刺激剂与肥料配合施用,以增强肥料营养功能的发挥,有效提高肥料利用效率。
随着经济、社会的发展,生物质废弃物资源化利用已成为我国高质量发展必须面对的现实问题。以秸秆为例,我国每年生产的作物秸秆,产量即可达到8.3亿吨,且秸秆利用途径仍以直接还田利用为主。但是,秸秆直接还田带来作物播种质量差、病虫害加剧、水肥运筹难、壮苗难等问题日益显现,秸秆离田呼声越来越高,离田处置已成为未来秸秆资源化利用的产业重大需求。
天然生物活性物质(如热带植物提取物、海藻提取物等)是生产生物刺激剂的主要来源,因此,生物质废弃物具有生产生物刺激剂的潜能。然而,现有技术并没有很好的利用生物质废弃物制备生物刺激剂的方法。
鉴于此,迫切需要研制一种新型的生物刺激剂及其制备和使用方法,其对资源化利用生物质废弃物,以及促进我国农业绿色发展具有重要意义。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种生物刺激剂及其制备和使用方法,其主要制备原料为生物质废弃物,其可为资源化利用生物质废弃物提供新途径,所制备的生物刺激剂可促进种子萌发、植物生长,以及提高抗逆能力。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种生物刺激剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)、粉碎:将生物质废弃物粉碎成粉末状生物质废弃物;
2)、水热合成:将所述粉末状生物质废弃物和碱性溶液加入到水热合成釜中,在180-220℃下厌氧反应22-26h,其中,所述碱性溶液是浓度为0.1%~5%的氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠溶液,且所述粉末状生物质废弃物和碱性溶液的比例为:(1~3g):(30~50mL);
3)、离心分离:在水热合成结束后,进行离心分离,以获得溶液部分;
4)、pH值调节:收集离心分离后的溶液部分,并调节所述溶液部分的pH值至酸性;
5)、静置沉淀和分离:对pH值调节后的溶液部分进行静置沉淀并在静置沉淀后进行离心分离,以获得沉淀物;
6)、干燥:对沉淀物进行干燥,以获得生物刺激剂。
优选地,步骤4)中,将所述溶液部分的pH值调节到3以下。
优选地,步骤4)中,采用3-6mol/L的盐酸进行pH值调节。
优选地,步骤6)中,干燥为自然风干或冷冻干燥。
优选地,步骤1)中的生物质废弃物包括植物秸秆、植物叶片、锯末木屑和/或甘蔗渣。
而且,本发明还提供一种生物刺激剂,其特征在于,其采用上述制备方法制备而成。
优选地,所述生物刺激剂含有赤霉素3、1-萘乙酸、激动素、吲哚丙酸、吲哚丁酸、N6-异戊烯基腺嘌呤、赤霉素1、赤霉素7、吲哚乙酸、玉米素核苷、褪黑素、利波腺苷和水杨酸。
此外,本发明还提供一种上述生物刺激剂的使用方法,其特征在于,将所述生物刺激剂作为肥料增效材料,与固体肥料物理或化学混合,或溶于液体肥料后使用。
提供另一种上述生物刺激剂的使用方法,其特征在于,利用含有所述生物刺激剂的溶液浸种,以促进种子提早萌发,提高种子发芽率,并促进侧根的产生与伸长。
最后,还提供再一种生物刺激剂的使用方法,其特征在于,在土培或水培植物过程中,将所述生物刺激剂添加到土壤或营养液中,以提高根系质膜H+-ATP酶活性,促进养分吸收,提高植株生物量,提高植物的抗逆能力。
与现有技术相比,本发明的生物刺激剂及其制备和使用方法具有如下有益技术效果中的一者或多者:
1、本发明制备的生物刺激剂,可有效提高种子活力与发芽指数,促进种子萌发;提高植物根系质膜H+-ATP酶活性,促进养分吸收与植物生长,可作为肥料增效剂。
2、本发明的生物刺激剂的生产原料为生物质废弃物,包括作物秸秆、植物叶片、锯末木屑等,对资源化利用农业、工业生产中产生的生物质废弃物具有重要意义。
说明书附图
图1是本发明的生物刺激剂的制备方法的流程图。
图2是以水稻秸秆为原料制备的生物刺激剂中植物激素LC-MS靶向检测TIC图。
图3是以甘蔗渣为原料制备的生物刺激剂中植物激素LC-MS靶向检测TIC图。
图4示出了不同浓度生物刺激剂对玉米生物量(图4a)和氮吸收(图4b)的影响。
图5示出了生物刺激剂对根系质膜H+-ATP酶活性的影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明,实施例的内容不作为对本发明的保护范围的限制。
为了克服现有技术中所存在的问题,本发明提供一种生物刺激剂及其制备和使用方法,其可为资源化利用生物质废弃物提供新途径,且所制备的生物刺激剂可促进种子萌发、植物生长,以及提高抗逆能力。
图1示出了本发明的生物刺激剂的制备方法的流程图。如图1所示,本发明的生物刺激剂的制备方法包括以下步骤:
一、粉碎。
将生物质废弃物粉碎成粉末状生物质废弃物。
本发明的生物刺激剂的生产原料为生物质废弃物,包括植物秸秆、植物叶片、锯末木屑和/或甘蔗渣等,对资源化利用农业、工业生产中产生的生物质废弃物具有重要意义。
在本发明中,在进行粉碎时,可以将生物质废弃物粉碎成粒径为5-10mm。
二、水热合成。
在本发明中,采用热水合成法制备生物刺激剂。具体地,将所述粉末状生物质废弃物和碱性溶液加入到水热合成釜中,在180-220℃下厌氧反应22-26h。优选地,在200℃下反应24h。
其中,所述碱性溶液是浓度为0.1%~5%的氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠溶液,且所述粉末状生物质废弃物和碱性溶液的比例为:(1~3g):(30~50mL)。
三、离心分离。
在水热合成结束后,进行离心分离,以获得溶液部分。
四、pH值调节。
收集离心分离后的溶液部分,并调节所述溶液部分的pH值至酸性。
优选地,采用3-6mol/L的盐酸进行pH值调节。更优选地,将所述溶液部分的pH值调节到3以下。
五、静置沉淀和分离。
对pH值调节后的溶液部分进行静置沉淀并在静置沉淀后进行离心分离,以获得沉淀物。
其中,静置沉淀时间为1-2天。
六、干燥。
对沉淀物进行干燥,以获得生物刺激剂。
其中,干燥可以为自然风干或冷冻干燥。
发明人通过研究发现,所制备的生物刺激剂中含有赤霉素3、1-萘乙酸、激动素、吲哚丙酸、吲哚丁酸、N6-异戊烯基腺嘌呤、赤霉素1、赤霉素7、吲哚乙酸、玉米素核苷、褪黑素、利波腺苷、水杨酸等植物激素或类植物激素,可以作为生物刺激剂使用。
具体地,首先,采用水稻秸秆为原料,按照本发明的上述制备方法制备了生物刺激剂,利用液相色谱质谱法测定了所制备的生物刺激剂中的植物激素含量,如图2所示。所制备生物刺激剂中含有可刺激植物生长、促进细胞分裂与伸长的植物激素与类植物激素,含量由高到低分别为水杨酸、吲哚丙酸、1-萘乙酸、赤霉素1、吲哚丁酸、赤霉素7、吲哚乙酸、玉米素核苷、赤霉素3、N6-异戊烯基腺嘌呤、激动素、利波腺苷、褪黑素。各种植物激素的具体含量如表1所示。
表1以水稻秸秆为原料制备的生物刺激剂中植物激素含量
其次,采用甘蔗渣为原料,按照本发明的上述制备方法制备了生物刺激剂,利用液相色谱质谱法测定了所制备生物刺激剂中的植物激素含量,如图3所示。所制备的生物刺激剂中含有可刺激植物生长、促进细胞分裂与伸长的植物激素与类植物激素,含量由高到低分别为赤霉素3、水杨酸、赤霉素4、茉莉酸、赤霉素7、1-萘乙酸、吲哚丙酸、褪黑素、吲哚乙酸、玉米素核苷、利波腺苷、吲哚丁酸。各种植物激素的具体含量如表2所示。
表2以甘蔗渣为原料制备的生物刺激剂中植物激素含量
同时,发明人以上述采用水稻秸秆为原料制备的生物刺激剂为原料,探究了生物刺激剂对玉米种子萌发的影响。
具体操作过程为:将玉米种子(ZD958)用浓度为0.1%的NaClO溶液浸泡消毒10分钟,用去离子水冲洗3次,在蒸馏水中浸泡4小时(25℃)。然后,将种子均匀整齐地放在培养皿中的纸床上,定量加入不同浓度的生物刺激剂溶液(pH=6.1)以保持纸张湿润,生物刺激剂浓度分别为0、1、10、50和100mg C/L。以15粒种子为一个处理,每个处理重复4次。发芽期间每天喷洒适量的生物刺激剂溶液或蒸馏水,以保持滤纸表面湿润,并记录每天发芽的种子数,直至第七天发芽结束。发芽试验结束后,用直尺测量幼苗的胚根长度、侧根数、侧根长度和胚芽长度,然后取胚根长度、侧根数和胚芽长度的平均值以及侧根长度之和。最后计算各处理的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数。具体结果如表3所示。
结果表明,生物刺激剂浓度为10mg C/L,玉米种子的发芽率(GR)、发芽指数(GI)、发芽潜力(GP)、侧根数(NLR),以及侧根长(LRL)比对照处理分别显著提高11.1%、29.5%、34.3%、33.3%,以及39.0%(P<0.05)。这说明,生物刺激剂不仅可促进种子萌发,而且可以增加种子活力、促进种子提早萌发、提高种子发芽率,同时促进种子侧根的产生和伸长。
表3不同浓度生物刺激剂对玉米种子发芽率(GR)、发芽指数
(GI)和发芽势(GP)以及玉米幼苗胚根长度(RL)、胚芽长度
(GL)、侧根数量(NLR)和侧根长度(LRL)的影响
注:同列数字含有相同小写字母表示处理间差异不显著(P<0.05)。
此外,发明人以上述采用水稻秸秆为原料制备的生物刺激剂为原料,探究了生物刺激剂对玉米生长及养分吸收的影响。
具体操作过程为:将种胚发育完整的玉米种子,先用自来水冲洗3次,使用0.1%NaClO溶液浸泡10min;然后,用蒸馏水将种子冲洗3次后,将种子浸泡在蒸馏水中(25℃);4h后,将种子置于铺有双层滤纸的培养皿中,于25℃条件下遮光培养4天,培养期间加适量蒸馏水使滤纸保持湿润。选择发芽情况一致的种子,去除胚乳后,移栽至含不同浓度生物刺激剂(2.5、5、10,15,及20mg C/L)的霍格兰氏营养液(5.0mmol/L Ca(NO3)2;5.0mmol/L KNO3;2.0mmol/L MgSO4;1.0mmol/L KH2PO4;45μmol/L HBO3;10μmol/L MnCl2;0.8μmol/LZnSO4;0.3μmol/L CuSO4;0.4μmol/L Na2MoO4;0.02μmol/LEDTA-Fe)中,同时以不添加生物刺激剂的营养液作为对照(CK)。营养液pH均使用1mol/L NaOH溶液调节至6.1,每3天更换一次营养液。试验人工气候室进行,昼夜温度28/21℃,昼夜光照时间16/8h,光照强度300μmol/(m2·s),空气湿度70%。培养三十天后,采样测定植株生物量与吸氮量。
从图4a可以看出,与对照相比,施用2.5或5mg C/L生物刺激剂可显著增加玉米总生物量,生物量分别增加14.5%和24.6%(P<0.05),但添加10、15或20mg C/L浓度的生物刺激剂对总干生物量没有显著影响(P>0.05)。同时,从图4b可知,当生物刺激剂的浓度为2.5、5和10mg C/L,植株总吸氮量较对照分别提高22.7%、25.9%和10.0%(P<0.05)。以上结果说明,在2.5-10mg C/L浓度下,以水稻秸秆为原料制备的生物刺激剂对玉米生长与氮素吸收有积极的刺激作用。
而且,发明人探究了生物刺激剂对根系质膜H+-ATP酶活性的影响
实验同上,但是在培养后第30天采样测定玉米根系质膜H+-ATP酶活性。从图5可以看出,当生物刺激剂浓度为2.5-10mg C/L时,根系质膜H+-ATP酶活性显著高于对照(P<0.05),而当浓度增加到15-20mg C/L时,根系质膜H+-ATP酶活性与对照无显著差异。因此,低浓度生物刺激剂提高玉米吸氮量取决于其对根系质膜H+-ATP酶活性的积极影响。
最后,发明人以上述采用甘蔗渣为原料制备的生物刺激剂为原料,探究了镉胁迫条件下,生物刺激剂对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。
具体操作方法为:将小麦种子(济麦22)用浓度为0.1%的NaClO溶液浸泡消毒10分钟,用去离子水冲洗3次,在蒸馏水中浸泡4小时(25℃)。然后,将种子均匀整齐地放在培养皿中的纸床上,定量加入含不同浓度生物刺激剂以及Cd2+的溶液(pH=6.1)以保持纸张湿润,生物刺激剂浓度分别10、15、20、50和100mg C/L,溶液Cd2+浓度为25mg/L,代号为T2、T3、T4,T5与T6。同时,以不含Cd2+以及含Cd2+的蒸馏水作为对照,代号分别为T0与T1。以40粒种子为一个处理,每个处理重复3次。发芽期间每天喷洒适量的生物刺激剂溶液或蒸馏水,以保持滤纸表面湿润,并记录每天发芽的种子数,直至第七天发芽结束,计算各处理的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数。
由表4可知,与T0相比,T1处理小麦种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数分别降低了12.7%、40.0%、20.3%,说明镉胁迫会抑制小麦种子萌发。然而,随着生物刺激剂浓度的增加,小麦种子发芽率、发芽势,以及发芽指数呈先增加后降低的趋势,当生物刺激剂浓度为15mg C/L(T3处理)时,小麦种子发芽率、发芽势,以及发芽指数最高,较T1处理分别提高13.4%、82.6%,以及33.1%。以上结果表明,镉胁迫条件下,添加适量生物刺激剂可降低镉对小麦种子萌发的抑制作用。
表4镉胁迫下,不同浓度生物刺激剂对小麦种子发芽率(GR)、发芽势(GP)以及发芽指数(GI)的影响
本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。
Claims (10)
1.一种生物刺激剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)、粉碎:将生物质废弃物粉碎成粉末状生物质废弃物;
2)、水热合成:将所述粉末状生物质废弃物和碱性溶液加入到水热合成釜中,在180-220℃下厌氧反应22-26h,其中,所述碱性溶液是浓度为0.1%~5%的氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠溶液,且所述粉末状生物质废弃物和碱性溶液的比例为:(1~3g):(30~50mL);
3)、离心分离:在水热合成结束后,进行离心分离,以获得溶液部分;
4)、pH值调节:收集离心分离后的溶液部分,并调节所述溶液部分的pH值至酸性;
5)、静置沉淀和分离:对pH值调节后的溶液部分进行静置沉淀并在静置沉淀后进行离心分离,以获得沉淀物;
6)、干燥:对沉淀物进行干燥,以获得生物刺激剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的生物刺激剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤4)中,将所述溶液部分的pH值调节到3以下。
3.根据权利要求2所述的生物刺激剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤4)中,采用3-6mol/L的盐酸进行pH值调节。
4.根据权利要求3所述的生物刺激剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤6)中,干燥为自然风干或冷冻干燥。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的生物刺激剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中的生物质废弃物包括植物秸秆、植物叶片、锯末木屑和/或甘蔗渣。
6.一种生物刺激剂,其特征在于,其采用权利要求1-5中任一项所述的制备方法制备而成。
7.根据权利要求6所述的生物刺激剂,其特征在于,其含有赤霉素3、1-萘乙酸、激动素、吲哚丙酸、吲哚丁酸、N6-异戊烯基腺嘌呤、赤霉素1、赤霉素7、吲哚乙酸、玉米素核苷、褪黑素、利波腺苷和水杨酸。
8.一种权利要求6或7所述的生物刺激剂的使用方法,其特征在于,将所述生物刺激剂作为肥料增效材料,与固体肥料物理或化学混合,或溶于液体肥料后使用。
9.一种权利要求6或7所述的生物刺激剂的使用方法,其特征在于,利用含有所述生物刺激剂的溶液浸种,以促进种子提早萌发,提高种子发芽率,并促进侧根的产生与伸长。
10.一种权利要求6或7所述的生物刺激剂的使用方法,其特征在于,
在土培或水培植物过程中,将所述生物刺激剂添加到土壤或营养液中,以提高根系质膜H+-ATP酶活性,促进养分吸收,提高植株生物量,提高植物的抗逆能力。
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