CN117371210A

CN117371210A - Small-river-basin river channel inundation statistical method, system, medium and device

Info

Publication number: CN117371210A
Application number: CN202311327668.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 俞鑫颖; 周颖; 陆姗姗; 宋来任; 代斌; 熊勇
Original assignee: Shanghai Investigation Design and Research Institute Co Ltd SIDRI
Current assignee: Shanghai Investigation Design and Research Institute Co Ltd SIDRI
Priority date: 2023-10-13
Filing date: 2023-10-13
Publication date: 2024-01-09

Abstract

The application provides a small-river-basin river channel inundation statistical method, a system, a medium and a device, comprising the following steps: acquiring basic parameters of a river channel in a small river basin in a target area according to a topographic map; acquiring a small river basin design storm and a design flood process based on the small river basin river channel basic parameters; calculating a water surface line process based on the river channel actual measurement section to obtain a water surface line calculation result; carrying out flooding statistical analysis based on river section data and the water surface line calculation result to obtain a flooding statistical analysis result; analyzing the river channel overcurrent capacity based on the flooding statistics analysis result, and optimally designing sections which do not meet the requirements; and determining a small river basin river section planning design scheme based on the flooding statistics analysis result. When the method and the device are used for planning and designing the river channel in the small river basin area, the conditions of the rain station, the hydrologic station, the flow station and the like which are not actually measured in the area can be considered, the dependence on high-precision data is reduced, and an effective scheme is provided for planning and controlling and designing the river channel in the small river basin in the area without data.

Description

Small-river-basin river channel inundation statistical method, system, medium and device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering planning and design, relates to a flooding statistical method, and particularly relates to a small-river-basin river channel flooding statistical method, a system, a medium and a device.

Background

Flood disasters are one of the main natural disasters in the history of China all the time. With the continuous perfection of infrastructure, the degree of risk of flood disasters is reduced, but is still an important disaster type.

The small watershed area mostly belongs to villages and towns, and the improvement is relatively backward, so that the investment of short-supplementing plates is increased, and the flood control, drainage and disaster reduction capacity is improved. The treatment of the large river achieves obvious effect, the rainfall station and the hydrologic station are rich in data, and the analysis method is relatively mature.

Along with the deep advancement of water conservancy modern construction, the flood control and disaster reduction capability of large river tributaries, especially small river areas without data, is also urgently needed to be improved. However, in the small watershed area, the area is usually in a data-free area without a rainfall measuring station or a hydrological measuring station, and many existing methods are difficult to be applied, so that a lot of difficulties are brought to the water conservancy management of the small watershed.

Therefore, in the existing flood drainage and prevention management technology, as the small-basin area is located in a non-data area, the flood control, drainage and disaster reduction capability is too low, and the applicability of the existing method is not high, so that the flood disaster management capability of the small-basin area is insufficient, and the water conservancy safety of the small-basin area is directly affected.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present application is to provide a method, a system, a medium and a device for flood control in a small-basin river channel, which are used for solving the technical problems that in the prior art, in flood control and water logging control, the flood control and water logging control capability is too low due to the fact that a plurality of small-basin regions are located in a non-data area, and the applicability of the existing method is not high, so that the flood disaster control capability of the small-basin regions is insufficient, and the water conservation safety of the small-basin is directly affected.

To achieve the above and other related objects, in a first aspect, the present application provides a small-river-basin river flooding statistical method, including the following steps: acquiring basic parameters of a river channel in a small river basin in a target area according to a topographic map; acquiring a small river basin design storm and a design flood process based on the small river basin river channel basic parameters; calculating a water surface line process based on the river channel actual measurement section to obtain a water surface line calculation result; carrying out flooding statistical analysis based on river section data and the water surface line calculation result to obtain a flooding statistical analysis result; analyzing the river channel overcurrent capacity based on the flooding statistics analysis result, and optimally designing sections which do not meet the requirements; and determining a small river basin river section planning design scheme based on the flooding statistics analysis result.

In one implementation manner of the first aspect, the acquiring the basic parameters of the small river basin river channel in the target area according to the topographic map includes the following steps: collection 1: m, obtaining topographic map data, and determining a small drainage basin boundary; wherein M is a positive integer less than 10000; extracting a small drainage basin water collecting area based on the small drainage basin boundary; calculating basic parameters of the river channel of the small river basin based on the topographic map data and the water collecting area of the small river basin; wherein, the basic parameters of the river channel of the small river basin comprise: any one or more of the combination of the river basin area, the river basin shape, the average gradient, the average elevation, the water surface line, the river length of the main river and the ratio drop of the main river.

In one implementation manner of the first aspect, the process of acquiring the small river basin design storm and the design flood based on the small river basin basic parameters includes the following steps: calculating storm parameters according to a storm flood drawing set, and calculating the design storm of the first meeting of the Nr day in N years; calculating an N-year first-meeting design flood process according to the basic parameters of the river channel in the small river basin; the flood design process is calculated by adopting a generalized five-point bowing polygon process line method.

In an implementation manner of the first aspect, the generalized five-point articulated polygon process line dead reckoning formula includes:

m＝0.231(L/J ^1/3 ) ^0.312

τ＝0.278L/mJ ^1/3 Qt ^1/4

Where t represents the total time before the calculation period, in units of: h, performing H; l represents the length of the main river channel above the dam site, and the unit is: km; j represents the weighted average slope of the main river channel above the dam site; qt represents the ground flood peak flow in units: m is m ³ S; τ represents a confluence time in units of: h, performing H;

the process line bottom width calculation formula in the generalized five-point bowing polygon process line method comprises the following steps:

T＝9.76W/QM _{ground surface}

W＝0.1×h×F

Wherein W represents the total amount of flood, unit: ten thousand cubic meters; t represents the process line bottom width in units of: h, performing H; QM (quality control model) _{Ground surface} Represents the ground flood peak flow in units: m is m ³ S; f represents the area of the river basin, unit: km ² The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the h represents the total amount of design net rain in units: mm.

In an implementation manner of the first aspect, the calculating the water surface line process based on the actually measured section of the river channel, to obtain the water surface line calculation result includes the following steps: obtaining river channel actual measurement section data; the river channel actual measurement section data comprises: shape, size, slope; constructing a river channel inundation model based on the river channel actual measurement section data, and determining boundary conditions of the model; determining a flooding curve of the river channel flooding model; calculating water surface line data based on the submerged curve, so as to obtain a water surface line calculation result; the water surface line data includes: water level, water depth.

In an implementation manner of the first aspect, the performing a flooding statistical analysis based on river section data and the water surface line calculation result, to obtain a flooding statistical analysis result includes the following steps: calculating the submerged depth at each section based on the water line calculation result; determining a submerged range of a river reach within the water depth range based on the submerged water depth, and carrying out submerged statistics; analyzing the influence of flooding on the area based on the flooding range of the river reach, and classifying and evaluating the influence; comprising the following steps: when the river water level is greater than the flood-resistant water depth H of the river bank Gao Chengjia, the river is determined to be submerged; when the river water level is less than or equal to the river bank height Cheng Jia flooding-resistant water depth H, the river is determined to be not submerged, and the flooding time Dyi of each section in the water surface line calculation result is counted and analyzed.

In an implementation manner of the first aspect, the analyzing the river channel overflow capacity based on the flooding statistics analysis result, and performing an optimization design on the section which does not meet the requirement includes the following steps: obtaining flooding statistical data based on the flooding statistical analysis result; based on the flooding statistical data, analyzing the overcurrent capacity of the river channel under different water levels, and judging whether the river channel meets the planning and design requirements or not; and carrying out section optimization design which does not meet the planning requirement.

In one implementation manner of the first aspect, determining whether it meets the planning requirement includes: when the flooding time of each section is less than or equal to the preset time, judging that the requirements of planning and designing are met, and the requirements of planning and designing for draining the water from the D day to the flooding-resistant depth H in the N-year day after the storm D day in the Nr day are met; and when the submerging time of each section is longer than the preset time, judging that the planning and design requirements are not met.

In an implementation manner of the first aspect, determining a small-river-basin river section planning design scheme based on the flooding statistical analysis result includes the following steps: obtaining an optimization scheme of the section which does not meet the requirement according to the flooding statistics analysis result and the overcurrent capacity analysis result; simulating the optimization scheme by a numerical simulation method, and comparing the submerged overcurrent parameters of the small watershed under different schemes; according to the result of the numerical simulation, evaluating each optimization scheme to obtain the most suitable optimization scheme; and (3) implementing the optimal design of the river section according to the most suitable optimization scheme.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a small-river-basin river flooding statistical system, including: the acquisition module is used for acquiring basic parameters of the river channel in the small river basin in the target area according to the topographic map; the flood design process module is used for acquiring a small river basin design storm and a flood design process based on the small river basin river channel basic parameters; the section calculation module is used for calculating a water surface line process based on the river channel actual measurement section to obtain a water surface line calculation result; the flooding statistics analysis module is used for carrying out flooding statistics analysis based on river section data and the water surface line calculation result to obtain a flooding statistics analysis result; the overflow analysis module is used for analyzing the overflow capacity of the river channel based on the flooding statistics analysis result and carrying out optimal design on the sections which do not meet the requirements; and the planning and designing module is used for determining a small-river-basin river section planning and designing scheme based on the flooding statistics analysis result.

In a final aspect, the present application provides a small-river-basin river flooding statistics device, including: a processor and a memory. The memory is used for storing a computer program; the processor is connected with the memory and is used for executing the computer program stored in the memory so that the small-river-basin river-channel flooding statistical device executes the small-river-basin river-channel flooding statistical method.

As described above, the small-river-basin river channel inundation statistical method, system, medium and device have the following beneficial effects:

the application provides a small-river-basin river channel flooding statistical method, which comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a region 1:10000 topography and actually measured river sections, and determining characteristic parameters of a small river basin; and calculating a small river basin design heavy rain and flood designing process through a heavy rain flood chart set, finally constructing a one-dimensional river network hydrodynamic mathematical model to analyze the river water level process, and judging whether the river channel overflow capacity meets the standard requirement or not through the highest water level and the submerged time of each section. According to the flooding statistical method, when planning and designing the river channel in the small river basin area, the conditions of the regional non-actual-measurement rainfall station, the hydrological station, the flow station and the like can be considered, the degree of dependence on high-precision data is reduced, and an effective scheme is provided for planning and controlling and designing the river channel in the small river basin in the non-data area.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a small river channel flooding statistical method according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of S11 in the small-river-area river flooding statistical method of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a small river basin fragmentation in the small river basin flooding statistical method according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of S12 in the small-river-basin river flooding statistical method of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of S13 in the small-river-basin river flooding statistical method of the present invention.

Fig. 6A is a schematic diagram of a small river channel flooding statistics method according to the present invention.

Fig. 6B is a schematic diagram showing typical cross-sectional positions of the river channel 2 and the river channel 3 in the small-river-basin river channel flooding statistical method of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a river typical section in the small-river-area river flooding statistical method of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of S16 in the small-river-basin river flooding statistical method of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a small-river-area river flooding statistics system according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a small-river-area river flooding statistics device according to an embodiment of the invention.

Description of element reference numerals

91. Acquisition module

92. Design flood process module

93. Section calculation module

94. Inundation statistical analysis module

95. Overcurrent analysis module

96. Planning and design module

101. Processor and method for controlling the same

102. Memory device

S11 to S16 steps

Detailed Description

Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concept of the present invention by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.

The method for calculating the flooding of the river channel in the small river basin provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a small river channel flooding statistical method according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a small river channel flooding statistical method.

The small river basin river channel inundation statistical method specifically comprises the following steps:

in this embodiment, a small river downstream of the Yangtze river is described. The number of backbone drainage channels in the river basin is mainly 3 in the border area between a certain area and a certain county. The regional drainage standard is that the crops are drained to the flooding-resistant depth (20 mm) in 3 days of heavy rain at maximum in 5 years. When the inner flood and the outer flood are higher, the spare pumping equipment can perform manual robbing at any time when the inner flood cannot be self-discharged, so that the protection area is prevented from being flooded by the inner flood.

S11, acquiring basic parameters of the river channel in the small river basin in the target area according to the topographic map. Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, a flow chart of S11 in the small-river-basin flooding statistics method of the present invention and a small-river-basin slicing schematic diagram in the small-river-basin flooding statistics method of the present invention are shown respectively. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, S11 includes the following steps:

S111, collecting 1: m, obtaining topographic map data, and determining the boundary of the small river basin. Wherein M is a positive integer less than 10000.

In this embodiment, according to 1:10000 A topography map (or above), and collecting topography map data on the topography map. Such topography may include: digital Elevation Model (DEM), orthophotomap (DOM), etc. The collected topographical data is then used in conjunction with the definition of the small watershed (e.g., area, shape, etc.) to determine the boundaries of the small watershed.

Specifically, preprocessing the collected topographic map data, such as: data format conversion, coordinate system conversion, etc., to ensure that the data is compatible with the software or platform. And defining parameters of the small watershed according to the actual demands of users, such as: area, shape, etc. The pretreated topographic map data and the like are loaded in a geographic information system or topographic map processing software. And then using a topographic map processing tool to perform topographic analysis, such as: slope calculation, flow direction analysis and the like, so as to observe fluctuation of topography, water flow direction and the like; and determining the boundary of the small drainage basin, the shape and the position of the boundary and other information by using a space analysis tool in combination with the definition parameters of the small drainage basin and the topographic analysis result. And finally, outputting the determined small drainage basin boundary in the form of a chart or a vector file so as to facilitate subsequent drainage basin management and planning.

It should be noted that the above may be implemented by topographic map processing software or Geographic Information System (GIS) software.

And S112, extracting a small drainage basin water collecting area based on the small drainage basin boundary.

In the embodiment, a small drainage basin boundary is selected, and a water collecting area of the small drainage basin is extracted by using topographic map data; by topography, such as: hydrologic analysis, flow direction analysis and the like.

Specifically, by performing a topography analysis on the small-basin boundary data, it includes: elevation calculations, slope analysis, flow direction analysis, etc., to determine the direction of water flow and the shape of the water collection area. Then, based on the topography analysis and the small watershed boundaries, appropriate spatial analysis methods are employed, such as: and analyzing and cutting the buffer area to extract the water collecting area of the small drainage basin. And finally, outputting the extracted small drainage basin water collecting area in the form of a chart or a vector file.

S113, calculating the basic parameters of the river channel of the small river basin based on the topographic map data and the water collecting area of the small river basin. Wherein, the basic parameters of the small river basin river channel include but are not limited to: the river basin area, the river basin shape, the average gradient, the average elevation, the water surface line, the main river channel length, the main river channel ratio drop and the like.

In this embodiment, the basic parameters of the small-river-basin river channel can be calculated according to the topographic map data and the water collecting area information, including: river basin area, average gradient, main river channel length, main river channel ratio drop, etc.

The ratio drop refers to the ratio of the difference in elevation between any two points to the horizontal distance between the two points. The river's specific drop is divided into bed-surface specific drop and water-surface specific drop. The bed surface ratio is reduced to represent the change of the topography of the longitudinal section of the river bed; the water surface ratio drop, i.e. the ratio of the instantaneous water surface elevation difference between any two end points in a river to the corresponding horizontal distance, is used to indicate the whole or sectional water surface gradient of the river, so is also called as hydraulic gradient, and the river ratio drop is generally called as river water surface ratio drop, and can be divided into longitudinal ratio drop and transverse ratio drop.

As shown in the table below.

TABLE 1 sub-drainage basin characteristic parameter data table for a small drainage basin

	Area of river basin (km) ² )	Main river length (km)	Main river specific drop (mill)
				River 1	5.6	3.85	6.54
River 2	6.5	8.43	9.09
				River 3	9.6	7.35	3.91

As can be seen from table 1, the flow field area F, unit: km ² The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Main river length L, unit: km; main river channel ratio drop J, unit: and permillage is made.

S12, acquiring a small river basin design storm and a design flood process based on the small river basin river channel basic parameters. Referring to fig. 4, a flow chart of S12 in the small river channel flooding statistical method of the present invention is shown. As shown in fig. 4, the step S12 includes the following steps:

S121, calculating a storm parameter according to a storm flood drawing set, and calculating a design storm on the day of meeting Nr in N years.

The design of the storm is that the local storm which is planned for engineering design such as flood control and the like and accords with the specified design standard can occur. Design storms are mainly used to deduce design floods. The main contents of the design of the storm calculation are as follows: the design point storm amount of each duration, the design surface storm amount (according to the average surface rain depth), the time course distribution of the design storm, the surface distribution of the design storm, the stage design storm and the like.

In the embodiment, the storm parameters of the region are searched and calculated according to the storm flood map, and the river basin design storm is calculated.

Specifically, according to the 'manual for searching storm flood' and the area of a small river basin, the data of the average rainfall, CV and Cv/Cs of different durations in the Nr day are searched and obtained for 1h, 6h and 2The stormwater values are designed after 4 hours, 3 days and N years of Nr days. In this embodiment, the flow area is smaller than 30km ² 。

As shown in the table below.

TABLE 2 storm calculation results Table for a small basin design

S122, calculating an N-year-first-meeting design flood process according to the small-river-basin river channel basic parameters.

In this embodiment, the design flood is calculated by selecting a corresponding method according to the area of the drainage basin. The flood is designed to be processed by adopting an inference formula method.

The design storm is deduced from the first-meeting design flood of N years, and two methods, namely an instantaneous unit line method and an inference formula method, are generally adopted. For areas smaller than 30km ² Generally adopting an inference formula method; for an area of 30km ² ～50km ² The drainage basin between the two is also generally adopting an inference formula; for areas greater than 50km ² Generally using the transient unit line method. And adopting a corresponding flood design calculation method according to the size of the catchment area of the river basin to calculate the flood design process in the first N years. And acquiring corresponding boundary design water level according to the related planning or historical flood mark.

Specifically, the ground flood peak flow and the corresponding confluence time are solved by adopting an empirical formula. The design flood process is deduced by adopting a generalized five-point bowing polygon process line method in which a storm flood map is concentrated.

The generalized five-point bowing polygon process line method calculation formula comprises:

m＝0.231(L/J ^1/3 ) ^0.312

τ＝0.278L/mJ ^1/3 Qt ^1/4

where t represents the total time before the calculation period, in units of: h, performing H; l represents the length of the main river channel above the dam site, and the unit is: km; j represents the weighted average slope of the main river channel above the dam site; qt represents the ground flood peak flow in units: m is m ³ S; τ represents the confluence time, singlyBits: h.

TABLE 3 five-point generalized polygon coordinates for each transition point for a small basin design flood

T＝9.76W/QM _{ground surface}

W＝0.1×h×F

TABLE 4 design flood process for setting backbone river channel in small river basin

As can be seen from tables 3 and 4, as follows: the flow rate of the design flood of the river channel 1 at the time of 2.45h is 3.61m ³ S, the flow at 30.53h was 1.78m ³ S; the flow rate of the design flood of the river channel 2 at the 4.18h is 2.46m ³ S, the flow at 47.8h was 1.37m ³ S, etc. Thus, the flow values of each of the channels 1, 2 and 3 at different times can be obtained from table 4.

S13, calculating a water surface line process based on the river channel actual measurement section to obtain a water surface line calculation result. Referring to fig. 5, 6A, 6B and 7, a flow diagram of S13 in the small-river-area river flooding statistics method of the present invention, a schematic diagram of a small-river-area river in the small-river-area river flooding statistics method of the present invention, a schematic diagram of typical cross-section positions of the river 2 and the river 3 in the small-river-area river flooding statistics method of the present invention, and a schematic diagram of typical cross-section of the river in the small-river-area river flooding statistics method of the present invention are shown respectively. As shown in fig. 5, the step S13 includes the following steps:

S131, obtaining river channel actual measurement section data. The river channel measured section data includes but is not limited to: shape, size, slope, etc.

In the embodiment, collecting river section actual measurement data; comprising the following steps: flooding statistics, topography data, hydrodynamics data, socioeconomic data, etc. Wherein the flooding statistics include: flooding range, flooding depth, flooding time, etc.; the topography data includes: river terrain, river bed materials, bank slope forms and the like; the hydrographic data includes: rainfall, flow, water level, flow rate, etc.; the socioeconomic data includes: population, land use type, agricultural production, etc. May be obtained by measurement or collection in engineering data.

S132, constructing a river flooding model based on the river actual measurement section data, and determining boundary conditions of the model.

In the embodiment, a one-dimensional river network hydrodynamic mathematical model is adopted to simulate the existing structures of generalized river channels, so that a river channel inundation model is constructed.

Specifically, the collected river channel actual measurement section data are processed and arranged, such as: data cleansing, format conversion, coordinate matching, etc., to ensure the quality and applicability of the data. According to the collected data and the processing result, constructing a river channel submerged model based on a one-dimensional river network hydrodynamic data model, and setting model parameters, such as: river slope, river flow rate, etc. And then, verifying and debugging the river channel submerged model by using historical data or simulation data, checking whether the river channel submerged model can correctly reflect the submerged condition of the river channel, and correcting and optimizing the river channel submerged model according to the test result. Then, based on the actual demand and characteristics of the river channel, determining boundary conditions of the model includes: inlet flow, outlet flow, water level and other conditions of the river channel. According to the conditions, the model can simulate the inundation condition of the river under different conditions.

Please refer to fig. 6A and 6B. For example: the river course 1 flood designing process is used as boundary condition input, the upper boundary adopts river course 2 and river course 3 flood designing processes with different frequencies, the lower boundary adopts corresponding water level processes in the existing planning, and the river course 2 and river course 3 main control section water level processes are deduced.

S133, determining a flooding curve of the river flooding model.

In this embodiment, a river channel flooding model is used to segment the river channel, calculate the flooding condition at each section, and draw a flooding curve according to the calculation result.

And S134, calculating water surface line data based on the submerged curve, so as to obtain a water surface line calculation result. The water surface line data includes: water level, water depth.

In the embodiment, at each section, the submerged water depth is calculated according to the water level and the water depth; according to the submerged water depth, the submerged river reach within the water depth range is confirmed, and meanwhile, the submerged range is confirmed by combining information such as the topography, the morphology and the like of the river course. And then analyzing the influence of flooding on the aspects of surrounding environment, ecosystem, land utilization and the like according to the flooding range. Therefore, it is necessary to classify and evaluate the area affected by flooding. And finally, outputting the flooding statistical result.

TABLE 5 maximum water level and duration of typical section of each river in a small river basin

For example, as can be seen in fig. 6B and table 5, the highest water levels of sections 1, 2, 3 when the 5-year first-encounter flood encounters the lower boundary 2-year first-encounter water level in the river channel 2 are respectively: 82.00m, 81.82m and 81.10m, and the highest water levels of sections 1, 2 and 3 of the river channel 2 when the river channel encounters the lower boundary for 5 years when meeting the water level for 5 years in the first flood are respectively as follows: 82.90m, 82.90m, 82.20m. Similarly, the highest water levels of the water level sections 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the river channel 3 meeting the inner flood for 5 years and meeting the lower boundary for 2 years are respectively as follows: 85.90m, 83.30m, 83.26m, 83.25m and 83.25m, and the highest water levels of the water level sections 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the river channel 3 meeting the lower boundary 5 years after meeting the inner flood 5 years are respectively: 86.10m, 83.55m, 83.53m, 83.52m, 83.52m.

And S14, carrying out flooding statistical analysis based on river section data and the water surface line calculation result to obtain a flooding statistical analysis result.

In the embodiment, the submerged water depth at each section is calculated based on the water surface line calculation result; and determining the submerged range of the river reach within the water depth range based on the submerged water depth, and carrying out submerged statistics. Based on the flooded area of the river reach, the impact of flooding on the area is analyzed and classified and evaluated.

The judgment rule is as follows: when the river water level is greater than the flood-resistant water depth H of the river bank Gao Chengjia, the river is determined to be submerged; when the river water level is less than or equal to the river bank height Cheng Jia flooding-resistant water depth H, the river is determined to be not submerged, and the flooding time Dyi of each section in the water surface line calculation result is counted and analyzed.

Specifically, the flooding time is exemplified by 3 days. The drainage standard of the small river basin is that the maximum 3 days of heavy rain is drained to the flooding-resistant depth (20 mm) of crops for 3 days, so when the water level of a river channel is 20mm higher than the flooding-resistant depth of a river bank Gao Chengjia, the section is determined to be submerged, and the time when the water level exceeds the section is the submerged time; if the submerging time exceeds 3 days, the section overcurrent capacity does not meet the requirement and needs to be further optimized.

And S15, analyzing the river channel overcurrent capacity based on the flooding statistics analysis result, and optimally designing the sections which do not meet the requirements.

In this embodiment, flooding statistics are obtained based on the flooding statistics analysis result. And analyzing the overcurrent capacity of the river channel under different water levels based on the flooding statistical data, and judging whether the river channel meets the planning and design requirements. And carrying out section optimization design which does not meet the planning requirement.

The basis for judging whether the planning requirement is met is as follows:

When the flooding time of each section is less than or equal to the preset time, judging that the requirements of planning and designing are met, and the requirements of planning and designing for draining the water from the D day to the flooding-resistant depth H in the N-year day after the storm D day in the Nr day are met; and when the submerging time of each section is longer than the preset time, judging that the planning and design requirements are not met.

Specifically, as can be seen from table 6 below, each section selected in the river channel 2 satisfies the overcurrent requirement for 72 hours of drainage to a flooding depth of 20 mm. The submerging time of the No. 2 section, the No. 3 section and the No. 5 section of the river channel 3 exceeds 72 hours, so that the overflow requirement cannot be met, and the upstream section and the downstream section are required to be combined for adjustment, so that the river channel section meets the overflow requirement.

Wherein, the adjustment of the upstream and downstream sections can adopt additional auxiliary equipment such as: the dam and dam treatment can also be adjusted by changing the shape, size, gradient and other parameters of the river section.

TABLE 6 statistics of river elevation and flooding time for each river typical section

S16, determining a small-river-basin river section planning design scheme based on the flooding statistics analysis result. Referring to fig. 8, a flow chart of S16 in the small river channel flooding statistical method of the present invention is shown. As shown in fig. 8, the step S16 includes the steps of: .

And S161, obtaining an optimization scheme of the section which does not meet the requirement according to the flooding statistics analysis result and the overcurrent capacity analysis result.

In this embodiment, according to the flooding statistics and the analysis result of the overcurrent capability, an optimization scheme for the section which does not meet the requirement is provided. This may include changing parameters such as shape, size, slope, etc. of the river section, or adding auxiliary facilities such as weirs, dams, etc.

S162, simulating the optimization scheme by a numerical simulation method, and comparing the flooding overcurrent parameters of the small watershed under different schemes.

In the embodiment, the numerical simulation software is used for simulating the proposed optimization scheme, and parameters such as the overcurrent capacity, the submerged range, the water flow state and the like under different schemes are compared. By analyzing the simulation result, the scheme can be optimized, and the effectiveness and feasibility of the scheme are improved.

And S163, evaluating each optimization scheme according to the result of the numerical simulation to obtain the most suitable optimization scheme.

In this embodiment, each optimization scheme is evaluated according to the result of numerical simulation. The evaluation may include aspects of the economics of the solution, environmental impact, implementation difficulties, and the like. And selecting the most suitable optimization scheme according to the evaluation result.

And S164, implementing the optimization design of the river section according to the most suitable optimization scheme.

In this embodiment, the optimization design of the river section is implemented according to the selected optimization scheme. In practice, the scheme details may need to be adjusted to suit the situation. Meanwhile, it is necessary to continuously monitor and evaluate the effect of the optimization scheme.

According to the small-river-basin river channel inundation statistical method, firstly, an area 1 is obtained: 10000 topography and actually measured river sections, and determining parameters such as the trend of the river in the small river basin, the length of the river and the like; calculating a design heavy rain and flood process of the small river basin through a heavy rain and flood chart set; and finally, constructing a one-dimensional river network hydrodynamic mathematical model to analyze the river water level process, judging whether the river overflow capacity meets the standard requirement or not through the highest water level and the inundation time of each section, and planning and designing the section of the river in the small river basin by combining the inundation condition of the section so as to meet the flood control and waterlogging requirements. According to the flooding statistical method, when planning and designing the river channel in the small river basin area, the conditions of the regional non-actual-measurement rainfall station, the hydrological station, the flow station and the like can be considered, the dependence on high-precision actual-measurement data is reduced, and an effective scheme is provided for planning and controlling and designing the river channel in the small river basin in the non-data area.

The protection scope of the small-river-basin river channel inundation statistical method according to the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the execution sequence of the steps listed in the embodiments, and all the schemes implemented by adding or removing steps and replacing steps according to the principles of the present application in the prior art are included in the protection scope of the present application.

The present embodiment additionally provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor implements a small river channel flooding statistical method as described in fig. 1.

The present application may be a system, method, and/or computer program product at any possible level of technical detail. The computer program product may include a computer readable storage medium having computer readable program instructions embodied thereon for causing a processor to implement aspects of the present application.

The computer readable storage medium may be a tangible device that can hold and store instructions for use by an instruction execution device. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium would include the following: portable computer disks, hard disks, random Access Memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Disks (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical coding devices, punch cards or in-groove structures such as punch cards or grooves having instructions stored thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Computer-readable storage media, as used herein, are not to be construed as transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., optical pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

The computer readable program described herein may be downloaded from a computer readable storage medium to a respective computing/processing device or to an external computer or external storage device via a network, such as the internet, a local area network, a wide area network, and/or a wireless network. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmissions, wireless transmissions, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers. The network interface card or network interface in each computing/processing device receives computer readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer readable program instructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium in the respective computing/processing device. Computer program instructions for carrying out operations of the present application may be assembly instructions, instruction Set Architecture (ISA) instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, integrated circuit configuration data, or source or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, c++ or the like and a procedural programming language such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer readable program instructions may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on the computer or entirely on the computer or server. In the case of a computer, the computer may be connected to the user's computer through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., connected through the internet using an internet service provider). In some embodiments, aspects of the present application are implemented by personalizing electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or Programmable Logic Arrays (PLAs), with state information for computer readable program instructions, which may execute the computer readable program instructions.

The embodiment of the application also provides a small-river-basin river-channel flooding statistical system, which can realize the small-river-basin river-channel flooding statistical method, but the implementation device of the small-river-basin river-channel flooding statistical method comprises, but is not limited to, the structure of the small-river-basin river-channel flooding statistical system listed in the embodiment, and all the structural deformation and replacement of the prior art according to the principles of the application are included in the protection scope of the application.

The small-river-basin river flooding statistical system provided by the embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

The embodiment provides a small-river-basin river channel flooding statistical system, which comprises:

referring to fig. 9, a schematic structural diagram of a small river channel flooding statistical system according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. As shown in fig. 9, the small-river-area river flooding statistical system includes: an acquisition module 91, a flood design process module 92, a section calculation module 93, a flooding statistics analysis module 94, an overcurrent analysis module 95 and a planning design module 96.

The obtaining module 91 is configured to obtain the basic parameters of the river channel in the small river basin in the target area according to the topographic map.

Collection 1: m, obtaining topographic map data, and determining the boundary of the small river basin. Wherein M is a positive integer less than 10000.

And extracting a small drainage basin water collecting area based on the small drainage basin boundary.

And calculating basic parameters of the river channel in the small river basin based on the topographic map data and the water collecting area in the small river basin. Wherein, the basic parameters of the small river basin river channel include but are not limited to: the river basin area, the river basin shape, the average gradient, the average elevation, the water surface line, the main river channel length, the main river channel ratio drop and the like.

The design flood process module 92 is connected to the obtaining module 91, and is configured to obtain a design storm and a design flood process of the small river basin based on the basic parameters of the river channel of the small river basin.

And calculating storm parameters according to the storm flood atlas, and calculating the design storm of the day of meeting Nr in N years. In the embodiment, the storm parameters of the region are searched and calculated according to the storm flood map, and the river basin design storm is calculated.

Specifically, according to the 'manual for searching storm flood' and the area of a small river basin, the surface average rainfall, CV and Cv/Cs data with different durations in the Nr day are searched, and the design storm values of 1h, 6h, 24h, 3 days and N years in the Nr day are obtained. In this embodiment, the flow area is smaller than 30km ² 。

And calculating the design flood process of the first year of N years according to the basic parameters of the river channel in the small river basin.

The section calculating module 93 is used for calculating a water surface line process based on the river channel actual measurement section to obtain a water surface line calculation result.

And obtaining river channel actual measurement section data. The river channel measured section data includes but is not limited to: shape, size, slope, etc.

And constructing a river channel inundation model based on the river channel actual measurement section data, and determining the boundary condition of the model.

And determining a flooding curve of the river flooding model.

And calculating water surface line data based on the submerged curve, thereby obtaining a water surface line calculation result. The water surface line data includes: water level, water depth.

The flooding statistics analysis module 94 is configured to perform flooding statistics analysis based on river section data and the water surface line calculation result, so as to obtain a flooding statistics analysis result.

The overflow analysis module 95 is configured to analyze the overflow capacity of the river based on the result of the flooding statistics analysis, and perform an optimization design on the section that does not meet the requirement.

The basis for judging whether the planning requirement is met is as follows: when the flooding time of each section is less than or equal to the preset time, judging that the requirements of planning and designing are met, and the requirements of planning and designing for draining the water from the D day to the flooding-resistant depth H in the N-year day after the storm D day in the Nr day are met; and when the submerging time of each section is longer than the preset time, judging that the planning and design requirements are not met. Wherein, the adjustment of the upstream and downstream sections can adopt additional auxiliary equipment such as: the dam and dam treatment can also be adjusted by changing the shape, size, gradient and other parameters of the river section.

The planning and designing module 96 is configured to determine a small-river-basin river section planning and designing scheme based on the flooding statistics and analysis result.

In this embodiment, an optimization scheme of a section that does not meet the requirements is obtained according to the flooding statistics analysis result and the overcurrent capacity analysis result. And then, simulating the optimization scheme by a numerical simulation method, and comparing the submerged overcurrent parameters of the small watershed under different schemes. And evaluating each optimization scheme according to the result of the numerical simulation to obtain the most suitable optimization scheme. And finally, implementing the optimal design of the river section according to the most suitable optimization scheme.

According to the flooding statistics and the overcurrent capacity analysis result, an optimization scheme aiming at the sections which do not meet the requirements is provided. This may include changing parameters such as shape, size, slope, etc. of the river section, or adding auxiliary facilities such as weirs, dams, etc.

And simulating the proposed optimization scheme by using numerical simulation software, and comparing parameters such as overcurrent capacity, submerging range, water flow state and the like under different schemes. By analyzing the simulation result, the scheme can be optimized, and the effectiveness and feasibility of the scheme are improved.

And evaluating each optimization scheme according to the result of the numerical simulation. The evaluation may include aspects of the economics of the solution, environmental impact, implementation difficulties, and the like. And selecting the most suitable optimization scheme according to the evaluation result.

And according to the selected optimization scheme, implementing the optimization design of the river section. In practice, the scheme details may need to be adjusted to suit the situation. Meanwhile, it is necessary to continuously monitor and evaluate the effect of the optimization scheme.

When the small-river-basin inundation statistical model is built, the conditions of a regional non-actual-measurement rainfall station, a hydrological station, a flow station and the like are considered when the small-river-basin inundation statistical model is planned and designed, the dependence on high-precision data is reduced, an effective scheme is provided for planning and treating the small-river-basin in the non-data region, the problem that flood prevention, drainage and disaster reduction capability are too low due to the fact that the small-river-basin river basin is located in the non-data region in the prior art is solved, applicability of the existing method is not high, and further flood disaster treatment capability of the small-river-basin region is insufficient, and the problem of small-river-basin water conservancy safety is directly influenced is solved.

It should be noted that, it should be understood that the division of the modules of the above system is merely a division of a logic function, and may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity or may be physically separated. And these modules may all be implemented in software in the form of calls by the processing element; or can be realized in hardware; the method can also be realized in a form of calling software by a processing element, and the method can be realized in a form of hardware by a part of modules. For example, the x module may be a processing element that is set up separately, may be implemented in a chip of the system, or may be stored in a memory of the system in the form of program code, and the function of the x module may be called and executed by a processing element of the system. The implementation of the other modules is similar. In addition, all or part of the modules can be integrated together or can be independently implemented. The processing element described herein may be an integrated circuit having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method or each module above may be implemented by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor element or an instruction in a software form.

The above modules may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, for example: one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or one or more microprocessors (digital signal processor DSPs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), etc. For another example, when a module is implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler code, the processing element may be a general purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other processor that may invoke the program code. For another example, the modules may be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).

Referring to fig. 10, a schematic structural diagram of a small river channel flooding statistics device according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. As shown in fig. 10, the present embodiment provides a small-river-basin river-channel flooding statistics apparatus, including: a processor 101, a memory 102; the memory 102 is used for storing a computer program; the processor 101 is connected to the memory 102 and is configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory 102, so that the small-river-area river flooding statistics device performs the steps of the small-river-area river flooding statistics method as described above.

Preferably, the memory may comprise random access memory (RandomAccess Memory, abbreviated as RAM), and may further comprise non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one magnetic disk memory.

The processor may be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU for short), a network processor (Network Processor, NP for short), etc.; but also digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processing, DSP for short), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC for short), field programmable gate arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA for short) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.

In summary, the small-river-basin river channel inundation statistical method, system, medium and device provided by the application have the following beneficial effects:

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and its effectiveness, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications and variations may be made to the above-described embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications and variations of the invention be covered by the claims, which are within the ordinary skill of the art, be within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. The small river basin river channel flooding statistical method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

acquiring basic parameters of a river channel in a small river basin in a target area according to a topographic map;

acquiring a small river basin design storm and a design flood process based on the small river basin river channel basic parameters;

calculating a water surface line process based on the river channel actual measurement section to obtain a water surface line calculation result;

carrying out flooding statistical analysis based on river section data and the water surface line calculation result to obtain a flooding statistical analysis result;

analyzing the river channel overcurrent capacity based on the flooding statistics analysis result, and optimally designing sections which do not meet the requirements;

and determining a small river basin river section planning design scheme based on the flooding statistics analysis result.

2. The small-river-basin river channel flooding statistical method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the small-river-basin river channel basic parameters in the target area according to the topography map comprises the following steps:

collection 1: m, obtaining topographic map data, and determining a small drainage basin boundary; wherein M is a positive integer less than 10000;

extracting a small drainage basin water collecting area based on the small drainage basin boundary;

calculating basic parameters of the river channel of the small river basin based on the topographic map data and the water collecting area of the small river basin;

wherein, the basic parameters of the river channel of the small river basin comprise: any one or more of the combination of the river basin area, the river basin shape, the average gradient, the average elevation, the water surface line, the river length of the main river and the ratio drop of the main river.

3. The small-river-basin river flooding statistical method of claim 1, wherein the process of acquiring small-river-basin design stormwater and design flood based on the small-river-basin river basic parameters comprises the steps of:

calculating storm parameters according to a storm flood drawing set, and calculating the design storm of the first meeting of the Nr day in N years;

calculating an N-year first-meeting design flood process according to the basic parameters of the river channel in the small river basin; the flood design process is calculated by adopting a generalized five-point bowing polygon process line method.

4. The small-river-basin river channel flooding statistical method of claim 3, wherein the generalized five-point bowing polygon process line method calculation formula comprises:

m＝0.231(L/J ^1/3 ) ^0.312

τ＝0.278L/mJ ^1/3 Qt ^1/4

T＝9.76W/QM _{ground surface}

W＝0.1×h×F

Wherein W represents the total amount of flood, unit: ten thousand cubic meters; t represents the process line bottom width in units of: h, performing H;QM _{ground surface} Represents the ground flood peak flow in units: m is m ³ S; f represents the area of the river basin, unit: km ² The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the h represents the total amount of design net rain in units: mm.

5. The small-river-basin river flooding statistical method of claim 1, wherein calculating the water surface line based on the river channel actual-measurement section, and obtaining the water surface line calculation result comprises the steps of:

obtaining river channel actual measurement section data; the river channel actual measurement section data comprises: shape, size, slope;

constructing a river channel inundation model based on the river channel actual measurement section data, and determining boundary conditions of the model;

Determining a flooding curve of the river channel flooding model;

calculating water surface line data based on the submerged curve, so as to obtain a water surface line calculation result; the water surface line data includes: water level, water depth.

6. The small-river-basin river channel flooding statistical method of claim 1, wherein the performing of the flooding statistical analysis based on the river channel section data and the water surface line calculation result to obtain a flooding statistical analysis result comprises the steps of:

calculating the submerged depth at each section based on the water line calculation result;

determining a submerged range of a river reach within the water depth range based on the submerged water depth, and carrying out submerged statistics;

analyzing the influence of flooding on the area based on the flooding range of the river reach, and classifying and evaluating the influence; comprising the following steps: when the river water level is greater than the flood-resistant water depth H of the river bank Gao Chengjia, the river is determined to be submerged; when the river water level is less than or equal to the river bank height Cheng Jia flooding-resistant water depth H, the river is determined to be not submerged, and the flooding time Dyi of each section in the water surface line calculation result is counted and analyzed.

7. The small-river-basin river channel flooding statistical method of claim 1, wherein analyzing the river channel overcurrent capacity based on the flooding statistical analysis result and optimally designing the sections which do not meet the requirements comprises the following steps:

Obtaining flooding statistical data based on the flooding statistical analysis result;

based on the flooding statistical data, analyzing the overcurrent capacity of the river channel under different water levels, and judging whether the river channel meets the planning and design requirements or not;

and carrying out section optimization design which does not meet the planning requirement.

8. The small watershed river flooding statistical method of claim 7, wherein determining whether it meets the planning requirement comprises:

when the flooding time of each section is less than or equal to the preset time, judging that the requirements of planning and designing are met, and the requirements of planning and designing for draining the water from the D day to the flooding-resistant depth H in the N-year day after the storm D day in the Nr day are met;

and when the submerging time of each section is longer than the preset time, judging that the planning and design requirements are not met.

9. The small-river-basin river channel flooding statistical method of claim 1, wherein determining a small-river-basin river channel section planning design scheme based on the flooding statistical analysis result comprises the steps of:

obtaining an optimization scheme of the section which does not meet the requirement according to the flooding statistics analysis result and the overcurrent capacity analysis result;

simulating the optimization scheme by a numerical simulation method, and comparing the submerged overcurrent parameters of the small watershed under different schemes;

According to the result of the numerical simulation, evaluating each optimization scheme to obtain the most suitable optimization scheme;

and (3) implementing the optimal design of the river section according to the most suitable optimization scheme.

10. A small-river-basin river flooding statistical system, comprising:

the acquisition module is used for acquiring basic parameters of the river channel in the small river basin in the target area according to the topographic map;

the flood design process module is used for acquiring a small river basin design storm and a flood design process based on the small river basin river channel basic parameters;

the section calculation module is used for calculating a water surface line process based on the river channel actual measurement section to obtain a water surface line calculation result;

the flooding statistics analysis module is used for carrying out flooding statistics analysis based on river section data and the water surface line calculation result to obtain a flooding statistics analysis result;

the overflow analysis module is used for analyzing the overflow capacity of the river channel based on the flooding statistics analysis result and carrying out optimal design on the sections which do not meet the requirements;

and the planning and designing module is used for determining a small-river-basin river section planning and designing scheme based on the flooding statistics analysis result.

11. A small watershed river flooding statistics device, comprising: a processor and a memory;

The memory is used for storing a computer program;

the processor is connected to the memory for executing the computer program stored by the memory, so that the small-river-basin river-channel-flooding statistics device executes the small-river-basin river-channel-flooding statistics method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.