CN117368557A - Optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation and application thereof in cable sheath grounding current detection - Google Patents
Optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation and application thereof in cable sheath grounding current detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN117368557A CN117368557A CN202311263813.5A CN202311263813A CN117368557A CN 117368557 A CN117368557 A CN 117368557A CN 202311263813 A CN202311263813 A CN 202311263813A CN 117368557 A CN117368557 A CN 117368557A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006335 epoxy glue Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/24—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
- G01R15/245—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices using magneto-optical modulators, e.g. based on the Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/52—Testing for short-circuits, leakage current or ground faults
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/58—Testing of lines, cables or conductors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation and application thereof in cable sheath grounding current detection, and belongs to the technical field of current measurement devices. The invention eliminates the influence of environmental temperature change on the electromagnetic sensitive coupling type optical current transformer, improves the coupling efficiency of electromagnetic sensitive materials and improves the detection sensitivity of the sensor. The invention uses annular piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) as the supporting structure of the Fabry-Perot cavity of the extrinsic Fabry-Perot (EFPI) sensor directly, eliminates the mechanical energy transmission coupling process, realizes the direct driving of the electromagnetic sensitive material to the optical sensor detecting unit, and improves the detecting sensitivity of the sensor; meanwhile, the annular PZT structure is utilized, and the 3*3 phase demodulation technology is combined to demodulate transmitted light of the EFPI sensor, so that the influence of ambient temperature is eliminated, and the detection stability of the sensor is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation and application thereof in cable sheath grounding current detection, and belongs to the technical field of current measurement devices.
Background
At present, the detection means of the grounding current of the cable sheath mainly comprise manual inspection and electromagnetic sensors, and the two modes have inherent defects. The manual mode is time consuming and laborious, and periodic measurement easily causes large tracts of land monitoring blind area to appear. The theoretical basis of the electromagnetic sensor is electromagnetic induction, and basic elements such as an iron core, an inductance coil and the like are used for detecting the current variable of the tested line. Although electromagnetic sensors have been developed for many years, the technology is mature, but the electromagnetic sensors are limited by the characteristics of the electromagnetic sensors, and the electromagnetic sensors have the problems of active installation, limited transmission distance, easy signal interference, inconvenience in parasitic interconnection and the like.
The optical current transformer is convenient to realize long-distance large-range installation and use because the optical signal is used as a drive, and is not interfered by field electromagnetic interference. The optical current transformer is mainly divided into two major types of pure optical type and electromagnetic sensitive material coupling type, wherein the pure optical type current transformer has the advantages of complex structure, low detection sensitivity and large influence easily caused by environmental factors, and the optical current transformer coupled with the electromagnetic sensitive material generally utilizes glue materials such as epoxy glue to carry out mechanical energy coupling transmission, so that the optical current transformer has the serious problems of low coupling efficiency, poor structural stability, insufficient detection sensitivity and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation and application thereof in cable sheath grounding current detection in order to eliminate influence of environmental temperature change on an electromagnetic sensitive coupling type optical current transformer, improve coupling efficiency of electromagnetic sensitive materials and improve detection sensitivity of a sensor.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention aims to provide an optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation, which comprises a ring-shaped magnetic conduction loop 1, wherein uniformly distributed coils 2 are wound on the ring-shaped magnetic conduction loop 1, and two wire outlet ends of the coils 2 are respectively connected with an anode and a cathode of a ring-shaped PZT; the tail fibers of the incident optical fiber 3 and the emergent optical fiber 4 are respectively sleeved with a capillary glass tube 5, are partially inserted into the annular PZT, and are coaxially fixed with the annular PZT by using a glass collimating sleeve 6, and the tail fiber end surfaces of the incident optical fiber 3 and the emergent optical fiber 4 are not attached and are plated with a reflecting film 7; the head end of the incident optical fiber 3 is connected with a laser 8, and the head end of the emergent optical fiber 4 is connected with a signal processing device.
Further defined, the annular magnetically permeable circuit 1 is a high permeability silicon steel sheet.
Further defined is that the pigtail end face spacing of the input optical fiber 3 and the output optical fiber 4 is 100 μm.
Further defined, the reflectance of the reflective film 7 is 95%.
Further defined, the laser 8 is an AES broadband laser.
Further defined, the signal processing means comprises a mach-zehnder interferometer 9, a photoelectric converter 10 and a data processing terminal 11; the tail end of the emergent optical fiber 4 is connected with the Mach-Zehnder interferometer 9, and optical signals transmitted and output by the emergent optical fiber 4 pass through the Mach-Zehnder interferometer 9 to form a plurality of optical signals with fixed phase differences, and the optical signals respectively enter the data processing terminal 11 through the photoelectric converter 10.
Further defined, the mach-zehnder interferometer 9 includes a 2 x 2 coupler 9-1, an optical fiber phase adjusting ring 9-2 and a 3*3 coupler 9-3, wherein an optical signal transmitted by an outgoing optical fiber is split into two paths by the 2 x 2 coupler 9-1, one path directly enters the 3*3 coupler 9-3, the other path enters the 3*3 coupler 9-3 after passing through the optical fiber phase adjusting ring 9-2, and three paths of optical signals output by the 3*3 coupler 9-3 enter the data processing terminal 11 through the photoelectric converter 10 respectively.
The second object of the present invention is to provide an application of the optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation, which is particularly used for current detection of a line.
Further defined, the line to be tested is inserted in the magnetic conductive loop 1.
Further defined, the optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation is used for detecting the grounding current of the cable sheath.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention uses annular piezoelectric ceramics (PZT) as the supporting structure of the Fabry-Perot cavity of the extrinsic Fabry-Perot (EFPI) sensor directly, eliminates the mechanical energy transmission coupling process, realizes the direct driving of the electromagnetic sensitive material to the optical sensor detecting unit, and improves the detecting sensitivity of the sensor; meanwhile, the annular PZT structure is utilized, and the 3*3 phase demodulation technology is combined to demodulate transmitted light of the EFPI sensor, so that the influence of ambient temperature is eliminated, and the detection stability of the sensor is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation provided in the present application;
FIG. 2 is a reflection spectrum and a transmission spectrum of a Fabry-Perot cavity;
FIG. 3 is a three-way output optical signal;
FIG. 4 is a current detection system built using a fiber optic current transformer based on phase demodulation;
in fig. 5, (a) is 220V at power frequency, and when the current value is 0.5A, the intensity of the interference optical signal changes; (b) is the voltage amplitude;
in fig. 6, (a) is 220V at power frequency, and when the current value is 100A, the intensity of the interference optical signal changes; (b) frequency domain analysis of the output signal;
in the figure, a 1-annular magnetic conduction loop, a 2-coil, a 3-incident optical fiber, a 4-emergent optical fiber, a 5-capillary glass tube, a 6-glass collimation sleeve, a 7-reflecting film, an 8-laser, a 9-data acquisition terminal, a 9-Mach-Zehnder interferometer, a 9-1-2 x 2 coupler, a 9-2-optical fiber phase adjustment ring, a 9-3-3*3 coupler, a 10-photoelectric converter and an 11-data processing terminal are arranged.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and that all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms such as "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", etc. are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "configured to," "engaged with," "connected to," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation, which comprises a ring-shaped magnetic conduction loop 1, wherein uniformly distributed coils 2 are wound on the ring-shaped magnetic conduction loop 1, and two wire outlet ends of the coils 2 are respectively connected with an anode and a cathode of a ring-shaped PZT; the tail fibers of the incident optical fiber 3 and the emergent optical fiber 4 are respectively sleeved with a capillary glass tube 5, and are partially inserted into the annular PZT for bonding and fixing, and the coaxial fixing is realized by using a glass collimating sleeve 6 and the annular PZT, and the tail fiber end surfaces of the incident optical fiber 3 and the emergent optical fiber 4 are not attached and are plated with a reflecting film 7; the head end of the incident optical fiber 3 is connected with a laser 8, and the head end of the emergent optical fiber 4 is connected with a signal processing device. The annular PZT structure becomes the EFPI sensor Fabry-Perot cavity supporting structure, the Fabry-Perot cavity length can be directly driven and controlled, after a lead to be tested passes through current, induced potential is generated by winding in the coil 2 of the magnetic conduction loop 1, the induced potential acts on the annular PZT to drive the PZT to extend or compress, at the moment, the EFPI sensor Fabry-Perot cavity length is changed along with the annular PZT, and the transmission spectrum of the EFPI sensor is changed along with the EFPI sensor Fabry-Perot cavity length. The ASE broadband laser is used as a driving light source, the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity is set to be 100 microns, the reflectivity of the reflecting film 7 is 95%, the reflection spectrum and the transmission spectrum of the Fabry-Perot cavity are shown as shown in figure 2, at the moment, the Fabry-Perot cavity is equivalent to a filter, the broadband spectrum is filtered to form narrow-band light with extremely narrow line width, and the transmission spectrum forms extremely narrow-band light signals to enter the signal processing device.
The signal processing device includes a mach-zehnder interferometer 9, a photoelectric converter 10, and a data processing terminal 11; the head end of the emergent optical fiber 4 is connected with the Mach-Zehnder interferometer 9, and optical signals transmitted and output by the emergent optical fiber 4 pass through the Mach-Zehnder interferometer 9 to form a plurality of optical signals with fixed phase differences, and the optical signals respectively enter the data processing terminal 11 through the photoelectric converter 10. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer comprises a 2 x 2 coupler 9-1, an optical fiber phase adjusting ring 9-2 and a 3*3 coupler 9-3, wherein an optical signal transmitted by an emergent optical fiber 4 is divided into two beams of related optical signals to be continuously transmitted after passing through the 2 x 2 coupler 9-1, one path of optical signal directly enters the 3*3 coupler 9-3, and the other path of optical signal enters the 3*3 coupler 9-3 after passing through the optical fiber phase adjusting ring 9-2, so that the two paths of optical signals form a fixed phase difference and then enter the 3*3 coupler 9-3, three paths of optical signals with 120-degree fixed phase difference are formed after passing through the 3*3 coupler 9-3, all the three paths of output optical signals are always kept at an ideal detection demodulation working point, and the problem of drift of the working point of a sensing demodulation system caused by environmental factors such as temperature, low-frequency vibration and the like is eliminated by the 3*3 coupler 9-3.
When the optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation is used for current detection, when current flows in a wire to be detected, the annular PZT is subjected to the action of induced voltage, the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity is changed accordingly, according to the Fabry-Perot interference principle, the resonance peak of the transmission spectrum of the EFPI sensor is changed accordingly, namely the transmission spectrum wavelength of the EFPI sensor is changed, the optical signal is incident to the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and because the Mach-Zehnder interferometer has fixed optical path difference, after the wavelength of the optical signal incident to the 2 x 2 coupler is changed, the intensity of the optical signal output by the 3*3 coupler is changed accordingly, and finally, the current in the wire to be detected can be detected after the output signal of the three-way photoelectric converter is acquired.
As shown in fig. 4, a current detection system built by using an optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation is provided, a power frequency 220V alternating current power supply is used for supplying power to a test circuit, a sliding rheostat is used for adjusting the magnitude of bus current, a clamp ammeter is used for reading the bus current value, and the detection standard of the maximum current and the minimum current is that a complete 50Hz sinusoidal signal can be obtained by a demodulator. And regulating the bus current to stabilize the current value at 0.5A, wherein the alternating current drives the annular PZT to perform telescopic vibration, and the amplitude of the electric signal of the data acquisition terminal is changed along with the telescopic vibration, and the output signal is shown in (a) of fig. 5. When the bus current is regulated to 100A again, the waveform of the output signal is shown in (a) of fig. 6, and the frequency domain analysis of the measured signal is shown in (b) of fig. 6, so that the sensor completely restores the 50Hz bus current.
While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto, but rather to enable any person skilled in the art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is therefore to be limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation is characterized by comprising an annular magnetic conduction loop, wherein coils which are uniformly distributed are wound on the annular magnetic conduction loop, and two wire outlet ends of the coils are respectively connected with the positive pole and the negative pole of annular PZT; the tail fibers of the incident optical fiber and the emergent optical fiber are respectively sleeved with a capillary glass tube, are partially inserted into the annular PZT, and are coaxially fixed by using a glass collimation sleeve and the annular PZT, and the tail fiber end surfaces of the incident optical fiber and the emergent optical fiber are not attached and are plated with a reflecting film; the head end of the incident optical fiber is connected with the laser, and the tail end of the emergent optical fiber is connected with the signal processing device.
2. The fiber optic current transformer of claim 1, wherein the toroidal magnetically permeable circuit is a high magnetic permeability silicon steel sheet.
3. The fiber optic current transformer of claim 1, wherein the pigtail end face spacing of the incoming and outgoing fibers is 100 μm.
4. The fiber optic current transformer of claim 1, wherein the reflective film has a reflectivity of 95%.
5. The fiber optic current transformer of claim 1, wherein the laser is an AES broadband laser.
6. The fiber optic current transformer of claim 1, wherein the signal processing means comprises a mach-zehnder interferometer, a photoelectric converter, and a data processing terminal; the tail end of the emergent optical fiber is connected with the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and optical signals transmitted and output by the emergent optical fiber pass through the Mach-Zehnder interferometer to form a plurality of optical signals with fixed phase differences, and the optical signals enter the data processing terminal through the photoelectric converter respectively.
7. The fiber current transformer of claim 1, wherein the mach-zehnder interferometer comprises a 2 x 2 coupler, a fiber phase adjusting ring and a 3*3 coupler, wherein the optical signal transmitted by the outgoing fiber is split into two paths by the 2 x 2 coupler, one path directly enters the 3*3 coupler, the other path enters the 3*3 coupler after passing through the fiber phase adjusting ring, and three paths of optical signals output by the 3*3 coupler enter the data processing terminal through the photoelectric converter respectively.
8. Use of a fiber optic current transformer according to any of claims 1-7 for current detection of a line.
9. The use of claim 8, wherein the line to be tested is inserted in a magnetically conductive loop.
10. A cable sheath grounding current detection method is characterized in that the annular magnetic conduction loop of the optical fiber current transformer in claim 1 is sleeved on a cable sheath grounding line to be detected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311263813.5A CN117368557A (en) | 2023-09-27 | 2023-09-27 | Optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation and application thereof in cable sheath grounding current detection |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311263813.5A CN117368557A (en) | 2023-09-27 | 2023-09-27 | Optical fiber current transformer based on phase demodulation and application thereof in cable sheath grounding current detection |
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| CN117368557A true CN117368557A (en) | 2024-01-09 |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999038048A1 (en) * | 1998-01-23 | 1999-07-29 | Petroleum Geo-Services (Us), Inc. | Fiber optic sensor system and method |
| CN101598748A (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2009-12-09 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of current sensing head of temperature compensating type and exchange current measuring method and system |
| CN103091529A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-08 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十八研究所 | Voltage transformer based on optical Fabry-Perot cavity and distributed type networking structure |
| CN111664880A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-15 | 防灾科技学院 | Optical fiber sensor based on Fabry-Perot and application thereof |
| CN112433102A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-03-02 | 西安理工大学 | Optical fiber electric field sensor based on F-P interference principle and method thereof |
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| CN116105777A (en) * | 2023-04-11 | 2023-05-12 | 广东海洋大学 | Quasi-distributed Fabry-Perot interference optical fiber sensor and signal demodulation method thereof |
-
2023
- 2023-09-27 CN CN202311263813.5A patent/CN117368557A/en active Pending
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