CN117368000A - Static torsion test stand provided with self-adaptive clamping mechanism - Google Patents
Static torsion test stand provided with self-adaptive clamping mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/22—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady torsional forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G06F18/15—Statistical pre-processing, e.g. techniques for normalisation or restoring missing data
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of test tables, and discloses a static torsion test table provided with a self-adaptive clamping mechanism, wherein the static torsion test table is constructed through a main body structure, a dynamometer module, the self-adaptive clamping mechanism, an acquisition analysis module and a measurement and control module, the main body structure comprises a base, a support column and a cross beam and is used for supporting the stability and rigidity of the whole test module, the dynamometer module comprises a driving motor, a frequency converter and a transmission device and is used for providing torque and torsion movement, the self-adaptive clamping mechanism is used for adapting to the shapes and the sizes of different tested variators and keeping stable clamping force, the acquisition analysis module is used for measuring various parameters of the tested variators in the torsion process and transmitting the parameters to a computer for recording and analysis, and the measurement and control module comprises a computer, control software and a display screen and is used for controlling the operation and parameter setting of the test table and providing a man-machine interface for a user to operate and monitor the test process, so that the clamp mode of the test table has great influence significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of test tables, in particular to a static torsion test table with a self-adaptive clamping mechanism.
Background
The static torsion test bed is a device for testing static torsion performance of materials, and has the main functions of measuring parameters such as elastic deformation, breaking torque, breaking angle and the like of the materials in the torsion process. At present, the application field of static torsion test tables has gradually expanded to the fields of metal, composite materials, plastics, rubber and the like, various clamps and accessories have been developed to meet the test requirements of different samples, some manufacturers have started integrating computer software and control systems into the static torsion test tables to realize higher-level data acquisition, analysis and control, but the conventional torque sensors are generally not high enough in precision and large in offset and other errors, which can cause large errors for certain materials, influence the accuracy of test results, and the conventional clamp fixing modes, such as clamp bolt screwing, require frequent replacement of clamps between different samples, increase the test time and cost, limit the data acquisition system of some static torsion test tables, are difficult to process complex multidimensional data, and the data analysis and result presentation are not practical enough.
As disclosed in application publication No. CN114166504a, a static torque test stand for a static torque test of an engine transmission shaft, the transmission shaft being connected with a main shaft by a gear transmission mechanism, wherein the transmission shaft is parallel to an axis of the main shaft, comprising: a plate-shaped supporting frame which is vertically arranged; the first torsion loading column and the second torsion loading column are vertically arranged; the main shaft is fixed on the support frame, and the torsion force is applied to the torsion loading disc by pulling the tension rope, so that the torque force on the torsion loading disc is measured through the tension force sensor, and the device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and effectively solves the problems encountered in the prior art.
The utility model discloses a deflection angle axle static torsion test bench for a static torsion test of engine transmission shaft, this transmission shaft passes through gear drive with the main shaft and is connected, wherein, the transmission shaft is the acute angle setting with the axis of main shaft, its characterized in that includes: a plate-shaped supporting frame which is vertically arranged; a torsion loading beam positioned above the support frame; the sleeve is arranged on the second extension part, the torque sensor is fixed at the end parts of the two extension parts, and the torsion component is connected with the other end of the torque sensor and is loaded with torsion by the torsion loading device; the main shaft is fixed on the support frame, torsion is applied to the loading disc through the torsion driving device, the vertical direction on the torque sensor is measured through the torque sensor, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the problems in the prior art are effectively solved.
The application publication number CN113970442A discloses a quick-change clamp of a static torsion test bed of a transmission shaft, which relates to a static torsion device of the transmission shaft, and comprises a flange base and a mounting shaft, wherein a butt joint hole is formed in the center of the flange base; one end of the mounting shaft is provided with a butt joint part which is in splicing fit with the butt joint hole; the butt joint part is detachably spliced with the butt joint hole; the quick-change clamp of the transmission shaft static torsion test bed further comprises a quick-locking piece, wherein the quick-locking piece is used for fixing the mounting shaft and the flange base so as to complete axial locking of the mounting shaft; the fixture with the traditional integral structure is designed into the existing split structure, so that the disassembly and assembly efficiency is realized, and the fixture has great promotion effect on reducing the workload and the working strength; meanwhile, the structure of the butt joint hole and the locking bolt with polygonal structures is adopted to realize axial locking and circumferential locking of the mounting shaft, so that the mounting shaft is further ensured to be disassembled and assembled efficiently and the stability of the mounting shaft in the working process is further ensured.
The problems presented in the background art exist in the above patents: the conventional torque sensor is generally not high enough in precision, and errors such as offset are large, which may cause large errors for certain materials to influence the accuracy of a test result, and a conventional fixture fixing mode, such as tightening of a fixture bolt, needs frequent replacement of fixtures between different samples, increases test time and cost, and some data acquisition systems of static torsion test tables may have limitations, are difficult to process complex multidimensional data, and are not practical enough in data analysis and result presentation. In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a static torsion test bed provided with a self-adaptive clamping mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is intended to outline some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section as well as in the description summary and in the title of the application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the description summary and the title of the invention, which should not be used to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention is provided in view of the problems of the existing static torsion test stand with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a static torsion test stand with an adaptive clamping mechanism.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the device comprises a main body structure, a dynamometer module, a self-adaptive clamping mechanism, an acquisition analysis module and a measurement and control module;
the main body structure comprises a base, a support column and a cross beam, and is used for supporting the stability and rigidity of the whole test module;
the base is placed on the ground, the support posts are movably buckled and fixed with the base, and the cross beam is used for flexibly connecting the dynamometer module, the self-adaptive clamping mechanism, the acquisition analysis module and the measurement and control module;
the dynamometer module comprises a driving motor, a frequency converter and a transmission device, and is used for providing torque and torsion movement;
the driving motor is connected with the frequency converter and the transmission device by using the cross beam, the driving motor is firstly placed for driving, then the frequency converter is placed for executing variable speed adjustment on the transmission device, and finally the transmission device is placed;
the self-adaptive clamping mechanism is used for adapting to the shapes and the sizes of different tested speed changers and maintaining stable clamping force;
the acquisition and analysis module is used for measuring various parameters of the tested transmission in the torsion process and transmitting the parameters to a computer for recording and analysis;
the measurement and control module comprises a computer, control software and a display screen, and is used for controlling the operation and parameter setting of the test bed and providing a human-computer interface for a user to operate and monitor the test process;
the control software is installed in the computer, and the display screen is placed at the side part and used for displaying the monitored picture.
As a preferable scheme of the static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism, the invention comprises the following steps: the base is of a cast iron grid structure, and is connected with the iron flat plate through foundation bolts, so that bolt holes are uniformly distributed, and materials on two sides and the middle lower part of the base are removed;
the support is provided with a deformation compensation device for correcting deformation and displacement of the support;
a damping device is arranged between the cross beam and the base;
the transmission device adopts gearless transmission and is combined with the frequency converter, so that the transmission device can adjust the speed and the torque according to actual needs.
As a preferable scheme of the static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism, the invention comprises the following steps: the self-adaptive clamping mechanism comprises an identification module, a clamping module and an adjusting module;
the identification module performs target identification positioning on the tested transmission by using a neural network algorithm;
the predicted frame function expression for the measured transmission positioning is as follows:
c x ＝θ(κ x )+λ x ；
c y ＝θ(κ y )+λ y ；
c w ＝s w (θ(κ w )) 2 ；
c h ＝s h (θ(κ h )) 2 ；
wherein, c x 、c y 、c w And c h Respectively representing the central point position coordinate data of the prediction frame, wherein theta represents a nonlinear activation function and kappa x 、κ y 、κ w And kappa (kappa) h Respectively represent the offset and take the value of 0,1]Between which are located，λ x 、λ y Respectively represent the offset of the left upper corner of the prediction frame, s w 、s h Representing the size of the a priori block.
As a preferable scheme of the static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism, the invention comprises the following steps: the clamping module is used for clamping and opening the tested transmission by using control software in the measurement and control module;
adaptively compensating clamping operation of the measured transmission, wherein a function expression of the adaptive compensation is as follows:
d 1 ＝||c x -c w ||+ε·λ x ；
d 2 ＝||c y -c h ||+ε·λ y ；
wherein d 1 Representing the resulting value, d, for the adaptive compensation of the x-coordinate 2 Representing the resulting value for the y-coordinate adaptive compensation, |·| representing the absolute value operation, c x 、c y 、c w And c h Respectively representing the central point position coordinate data of the prediction frame lambda x 、λ y Respectively representing the offset of the left upper corner of the prediction frame, and epsilon represents the compensation constant of the adaptive compensation;
the rule of adaptive compensation includes: and through the self-adaptive compensation, the clamping distances at the two ends of the clamping arm are the result values of the self-adaptive compensation on the x coordinate, and the clamping distances between the clamping head and the buffer cushion are the result values of the self-adaptive compensation on the y coordinate.
As a preferable scheme of the static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism, the invention comprises the following steps: the adjusting module is used for monitoring the tested speed changer;
monitoring the self-adaptive compensation of the tested transmission, and continuously carrying out self-adaptive reinforcement in the compensation process, wherein the function expression of the self-adaptive reinforcement is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the latest result of the adaptive reinforcement, ω representing the reinforcement rate of the adaptive reinforcement, η representing the decrease rate of the adaptive reinforcement, +.>Representing the predicted outcome of the adaptive reinforcement.
As a preferable scheme of the static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism, the invention comprises the following steps: the acquisition and analysis module is used for measuring various parameters of the measured transmission in the torsion process, wherein the parameters comprise torque, torsion angle and deformation, and the parameters are monitored by using a rotational speed and torque sensor and a force sensor;
and processing the missing values of the parameters, wherein the function expression is as follows:
wherein DW represents the correlation of the parameters, p1 and p2 represent the time series of the parameters acquired by the same sensor at different periods, and n represents the number of the parameters.
As a preferable scheme of the static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism, the invention comprises the following steps: the acquisition and analysis module transmits the parameters to a computer for recording and analysis, the analysis is realized based on a built cloud platform, the recorded parameters have missing values, the missing values of the parameters are processed, and the processed parameters are sent to the cloud platform for realizing visual display;
the implementation steps of the visual display are as follows:
configuring a visual environment required by visual display, constructing a private cloud, performing visual function allocation and management, constructing a visual display platform, and analyzing and visualizing the processed parameters;
the visual display comprises a line graph and a dashboard graph, and the test data and the historical data are compared, so that trend analysis and prediction are performed.
As a preferable scheme of the static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism, the invention comprises the following steps: the measurement and control flow is as follows:
checking the opening and closing states of equipment in the test bed;
if the equipment is not synchronously turned on or turned off within 5 seconds, triggering a software alarm;
if the device is synchronously turned on or off within 5 seconds, checking a set value of the torque to compare with an actual value;
if the set value of the torque is not consistent with the actual value, triggering a software alarm;
if the set value of the torque accords with the actual value, checking the size of the torsion angle and the deformed state;
if the size of the torsion angle and the deformed state do not accord with parameter setting, triggering a software alarm;
and if the size of the torsion angle and the deformation state accord with parameter setting, ending the measurement and control flow.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention constructs a static torsion test bed through a main body structure, a dynamometer module, a self-adaptive clamping mechanism, an acquisition analysis module and a measurement and control module, wherein the main body structure comprises a base, a support column and a cross beam and is used for supporting the stability and rigidity of the whole test module, the dynamometer module comprises a driving motor, a frequency converter and a transmission device and is used for providing torque and torsion movement, the self-adaptive clamping mechanism is used for adapting to the shapes and the sizes of different measured speed variators and keeping stable clamping force, the acquisition analysis module is used for measuring various parameters of the measured speed variators in the torsion process and transmitting the parameters to a computer for recording and analysis, the measurement and control module comprises the computer, control software and a display screen and is used for controlling the operation and parameter setting of the test bed and providing a man-machine interface for a user to operate and monitor the test process, the traditional fixture fixing mode is changed, and multi-dimensional data can be processed and visually displayed through different charts.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a static torsion test stand equipped with an adaptive clamping mechanism;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a static torsion test stand equipped with an adaptive clamping mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a predictive frame of a static torsion test stand equipped with an adaptive clamping mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the torque relationship between the torque generated by the drive motor and the measured transmission of the static torque test stand equipped with the adaptive clamping mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of measurement and control of the static torsion test stand with the adaptive clamping mechanism.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Further, in describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is not partially enlarged to a general scale for convenience of description, and the schematic is only an example, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in actual fabrication.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, an overall structure schematic diagram of a static torsion test stand equipped with an adaptive clamping mechanism is provided, and as shown in fig. 1, the static torsion test stand equipped with the adaptive clamping mechanism comprises a main body structure, a dynamometer module, an adaptive clamping mechanism, an acquisition analysis module and a measurement and control module.
The main structure comprises a base 11, a support column 10 and a cross beam 8, wherein the base is used for supporting the stability and rigidity of the whole test module, the base is placed on the ground, the support column and the base are movably buckled and fixed, and the cross beam is used for flexibly connecting a dynamometer module, a self-adaptive clamping mechanism, an acquisition analysis module and a measurement and control module.
The base is of a cast iron grid structure, and is connected with the iron flat plate through foundation bolts, so that bolt holes are uniformly distributed, and materials on two sides and the middle lower part of the base are removed;
the base is made of gray cast iron, the element structure of the cast iron base is a cross grid structure, the length is 500mm, the width is 250mm, the thickness of a rib plate is 50mm, the height of the rib plate is 260mm, the cast iron base is connected with an iron flat plate through foundation bolts, bolt holes can be uniformly distributed, preferably, the interval between two bolt holes can be kept at about 900mm, when the element structure is optimized, materials on two sides, the middle and lower parts of the base are removed, meanwhile, the thickness of the rib plate is optimized to be 60mm, the height is improved to be 290mm, and a plurality of element structures form the base in the main body structure;
the support is provided with a deformation compensation device for correcting deformation and displacement of the support;
the support column uses a precision displacement sensor and an adjustable compensation device, deformation of the support column is monitored and adjusted in real time, test data are corrected and calibrated online, the rigidity of the support column is increased by adopting a hollow structure, the possibility of deformation and deformation is reduced, and the support column is of a modularized structure and is convenient to use for assembly, maintenance and upgrading;
a damping device is arranged between the cross beam and the base and used for reducing the influence of external vibration on the test bed;
the beam is constructed by adopting a composite material so as to increase the bending rigidity and fatigue resistance of the beam, a buffer layer is added between the beam and the base, vibration transmission is effectively isolated, the beam is of a modularized structure, components of the beam can be conveniently replaced, additional functions are added or customized transformation is carried out, and the flexibility and the expandability of the test bed are improved.
In specific application, the static torsion test stand is provided with a dynamometer module, an acquisition and analysis module, a self-adaptive clamping mechanism and a measurement and control module from left to right according to a main body structure, and the static torsion test stand is divided into different working modes, so that the function test of a tested transmission is realized, and the flexibility and the expandability of the test stand are ensured.
The dynamometer module comprises a driving motor 1, a frequency converter 2 and a transmission device 3, and is used for providing torque and torsion movement, wherein the driving motor is connected with the frequency converter and the transmission device by using a cross beam, the driving motor is firstly placed for driving, the frequency converter is then placed for executing variable speed adjustment of the transmission device, and finally the transmission device is placed.
The drive motor uses an alternating current power measuring machine, the model is DYNAS3 HP, the highest rotating speed of the drive motor can reach 10000 revolutions per minute, the drive motor has the characteristics of high dynamic property and low vibration, and because of the reinforced air outlets of the shell and the base, a new cooling mode is provided, the power size ratio is further improved, the rated absorption power of the drive motor is 265kW, the rated absorption rotating speed is 4820rpm, the rated absorption torque is 525Nm, the rated drive power is 244kW, the rated drive rotating speed is 4660rpm, and the rated drive torque is 500Nm;
the frequency converter adopts an advanced silicon-based power module to reduce power loss and improve efficiency, has multifunctional integration, not only realizes accurate regulation of the rotation speed of the driving motor, but also has the functions of fault protection and operation monitoring, improves the intelligent level of the frequency converter, is convenient for a user to monitor and manage the operation state of equipment, and realizes higher reliability and safety;
the transmission device adopts gearless transmission and is combined with the frequency converter, so that the transmission device can adjust the speed and the torque according to actual needs;
the transmission device adopts a gearless transmission mode and a composite material, so that the light weight, the wear resistance and the energy transmission efficiency of the transmission device are improved, the noise can be reduced, the service life is prolonged, the variable speed adjusting function can be realized by combining the frequency converter, the speed and the torque of the transmission device can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the transmission device can provide a more accurate, reliable and intelligent torsion transmission function, so that better use experience and operation convenience are brought to users.
In specific application, an alternating current power dynamometer with the model of DYNAS3 HP is used for realizing flexible selection of rotating speed, a frequency converter adopting a silicon-based power module and a gearless transmission device adopting a composite material are selected, and flexible adjustment of speed and torque is realized.
The self-adaptive clamping mechanism 5 comprises an identification module, a clamping module and an adjusting module, and is used for adapting to the shapes and the sizes of different measured speed changers and maintaining stable clamping force, and a specific structural schematic diagram is shown in fig. 2.
The clamping head 51 is used for clamping the upper part of the tested speed changer, the clamping arm 52 is used for clamping the two ends of the tested speed changer, the up-and-down moving movable opening 53 is used for conveniently clamping the large-sized tested speed changer, the rotatable column 54 is used for conveniently testing the speed changers in different directions, and the buffer cushion 55 is used for protecting the tested speed changer;
the identification module 56 performs target identification positioning on the transmission to be tested by utilizing a neural network algorithm;
performing target identification positioning on a tested transmission by utilizing a YOLO method, and performing target identification positioning according to different prediction frames generated in practice, wherein a schematic diagram of the prediction frames is shown in fig. 3;
the predicted box function expression for the measured transmission position is as follows:
c x ＝θ(κ x )+λ x ；
c y ＝θ(κ y )+λ y ；
c w ＝s w (θ(κ w )) 2 ；
c h ＝s h (θ(κ h )) 2 ；
wherein, c x 、c y 、c w And c h Respectively representing central point position coordinate data of a prediction frame, and theta represents a nonlinear activation function and kappa x 、κ y 、κ w And kappa (kappa) h Respectively represent the offset and take the value of 0,1]Between lambda x 、λ y Respectively represent the offset of the left upper corner of the prediction frame, s w 、s h Representing the size of the a priori frame;
wherein, the solid line frame in the figure is a prediction frame, the dashed line frame is a priori frame, the prediction frame is presented in a grid form, the target identification positioning is carried out on the tested speed changer, the tested speed changer is taken as a prediction center point, the prediction frame is generated around, and kappa is set x Is the offset of the x coordinate of the predicted central point, which is predicted and corresponds to the upper left corner of the grid, kappa y Is the offset of the predicted center point y coordinate, which is predicted and corresponds to the upper left corner of the grid, lambda x Is the x coordinate, lambda corresponding to the upper left corner of the grid y Is the y coordinate corresponding to the upper left corner of the grid, w refers to the width of the predicted transmission to be measured, h refers to the height of the predicted transmission to be measured, and kappa w Refers to the predicted shift amount, kappa, of the measured transmission width h Meaning that the predicted measured transmission is high offset, so c x 、c y 、c w And c h Respectively representing the central point position coordinate data of the prediction frame, wherein the central point position coordinate data comprises the x and y coordinates of the central point and the predicted width and height of the measured transmission, and c x Representing the x-coordinate, c, of the predicted center point of the prediction y Representing the y-coordinate, c, of the predicted center point of the prediction w Representing predicted measured transmissionsBroad value, c h A value indicative of a predicted measured transmission height;
the target detection algorithm based on deep learning mostly uses a full convolution network structure, and the common convolution layer structure in the YOLO series target recognition network is a convolution, batch normalization layer and nonlinear activation function cascading mode to process input related data;
because a large amount of redundant data brought by convolution operation reduces the detection speed of the deep learning network, the channel pruning algorithm in structured pruning is needed to prune the deep learning network, so that the redundant data amount in the deep learning network can be reduced to a certain extent, a lightweight deep learning network model is generated, important channels and redundant data channels are distinguished by screening transmission channels with low importance in the deep learning network, and the lightweight deep learning network is generated;
the clamping module is used for clamping and opening the tested transmission by using control software in the measurement and control module, and clamping and opening operations are realized through the clamping head and the clamping arm;
the clamping operation of the self-adaptive compensation measured speed changer is carried out, and the function expression of the self-adaptive compensation is as follows:
d 1 ＝||c x -c w ||+ε·λ x ；
d 2 ＝||c y -c h ||+ε·λ y ；
wherein d 1 Representing the resulting value, d, for the adaptive compensation of the x-coordinate 2 Representing the resulting value for the y-coordinate adaptive compensation, |·| representing the absolute value operation, c x 、c y 、c w And c h Respectively representing central point position coordinate data of the prediction frame lambda x 、λ y Respectively representing the offset of the left upper corner of the prediction frame, and epsilon represents the compensation constant of the adaptive compensation;
the rules for adaptive compensation include: the clamping distance at two ends of the clamping arm is a result value of the self-adaptive compensation on the x coordinate through self-adaptive compensation, and the clamping distance between the clamping head and the buffer cushion is a result value of the self-adaptive compensation on the y coordinate;
in the actual clamping process, the measured speed changer is not of uniform specification, if only a fixed clamping device is used, deformation of the measured speed changer is caused to a certain extent, and the situation of unstable clamping exists, so shape self-adaptive compensation is needed on the basis of original clamping, absolute value operation is carried out on the coordinates of the central point of a predicted frame and offset when the measured speed changer is positioned, a part needing self-adaptive compensation is obtained, the clamping distance of two ends of a clamping arm is changed according to the rule of self-adaptive compensation, and the clamping distance of a clamping head and a buffer cushion is changed by adjusting an up-down movement movable port;
the adjusting module is used for monitoring the measured speed changer;
and monitoring the self-adaptive compensation of the measured transmission, and continuously carrying out self-adaptive reinforcement in the compensation process, wherein the function expression of the self-adaptive reinforcement is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the latest result of the adaptive reinforcement is represented, ω represents the reinforcement rate of the adaptive reinforcement, η represents the decrease rate of the adaptive reinforcement, and +.>Representing the prediction result of the self-adaptive reinforcement;
the adjusting module is used for monitoring the clamping state of the measured transmission and adjusting the clamping posture of the measured transmission so as to prevent the measured transmission from deforming and falling, and simultaneously can monitor the stress state of the measured transmission in real time by utilizing a force sensor integrated on the device in the test process, and actively adjust the clamping state and the clamping posture of the measured transmission in cooperation with the self-adaptive compensation rule so as to realize the self-adaptive clamping function;
by monitoring the whole process, the self-adaptive reinforcement is continuously carried out in the compensation process, so that the clamping mechanism can adapt to different measured speed changers, the latest reinforced result can be continuously recorded, and thus self-adaptive clamping can be better realized, wherein the self-adaptive reinforced reinforcement rate refers to the learning reinforcement probability of the clamping process under the help of a deep learning network, the self-adaptive reinforced decline rate refers to the learning decline probability under the influence of redundancy of the deep learning network, and the reinforced prediction result refers to the prediction of the self-adaptive clamping mechanism on the clamping posture of the next measured speed changer.
In specific application, the self-adaptive clamping is carried out on different measured speed changers, the measured speed changers are identified by utilizing the YOLO, the prediction frame is fixed, the self-adaptive compensation is carried out on the specific size of the measured speed changers, the specific size is recorded in the acquisition and analysis module and corresponds to the different speed changers respectively, and the self-adaptive strengthening of the self-adaptive clamping mechanism is realized by utilizing the characteristics of the environment.
The acquisition and analysis module 7 is used for measuring various parameters of the measured transmission in the torsion process, and transmitting the parameters to a computer for recording and analysis.
The acquisition and analysis module is used for measuring various parameters of the measured transmission in the torsion process, wherein the parameters comprise torque, torsion angle and deformation, and the parameters are monitored by using the sensor 4 comprising rotating speed and torque and the sensor 6;
the missing values of the parameters are processed, and the functional expression is as follows:
where DW represents the dependence on the parameter, p 1 And p 2 Respectively representing parameter time sequences acquired by the same sensor in different periods, wherein n represents the number of parameters;
the torque and the torsion angle are very important calculation methods in mechanical engineering, the torque refers to the rotation force acted on an object, the torsion angle refers to the rotation angle of the object, the deformation is the influence generated after the torque acts, the static test stand acts on the measured transmission to test the strength and durability of the transmission, the driving motor acts on a certain torque force on the measured transmission, and then the deformation and the torsion angle of the measured transmission under the action of the torque are calculated, so that the stability and the reliability of the measured transmission can be ensured through continuous tests, and the torque relation between the torque generated by the driving motor and the measured transmission is shown in fig. 4;
the torque, the torsion angle and the deformation are collected through different sensors, in the collecting process, abnormal values and missing values exist in the parameters, the abnormal values are processed and need to be specifically classified, the abnormal values are removed after classification, the correlation among the parameters is needed to be calculated for the processing of the missing values, then historical collecting time sequence parameters with the highest similarity with the missing values are searched, and the missing values are estimated according to a time sequence regression relation;
the acquisition and analysis module transmits the parameters to a computer for recording and analysis, the analysis is realized based on a built cloud platform, the recorded parameters have missing values, the missing values of the parameters are processed, and the processed parameters are sent to the cloud platform to realize visual display;
the implementation steps of the visual display are as follows:
configuring a visual environment required by visual display, constructing a private cloud, performing visual function allocation and management, constructing a visual display platform, and analyzing and visualizing the processed parameters;
the visual display comprises a line graph and an instrument panel graph, and the test data are compared with the historical data, so that flexible visual display of various parameters generated by the test bed is realized, trend analysis and prediction are further carried out, and references and guidance are provided for research and development of products and quality control;
it should be explained that: the visual environment comprises a host name configuration, firewall disabling, network service starting, domain name resolution, installation time source service and yum source configuration, the required private cloud is used for selecting an Arian cloud, visual functions are distributed, the visual functions comprise visual project management, user management, cloud host type and network connection management, the cloud host type comprises memory size, disk capacity and CPU kernel number, the built visual display platform comprises configuration and cluster environment starting, database installation and visual software installation configuration, and the processed parameters are imported into the visual software to execute visual operation.
In specific application, for parameters acquired by a sensor, abnormal values are eliminated, correlation calculation is performed on missing values, estimation is performed according to historical acquisition time sequence parameters, the processed parameters are sent to a cloud platform, visual display is achieved, a line graph can show a comparison relation between time and a certain parameter or a plurality of parameters, further, the regularity of the certain parameter and the mutual influence and correlation among different parameters are analyzed, a meter panel graph can show values and change trend of the parameters generated by a test bench in real time, a user is helped to monitor the working state and performance of the test bench, a plurality of parameter values are intuitively compared, the user is helped to know the relative sizes and change conditions of the parameters, and meanwhile, more visual charts are provided, and the relation among the parameters can be more comprehensively represented by utilizing the combination graph.
The measurement and control module 9 comprises a computer, control software and a display screen, wherein the control software is used for controlling the operation and parameter setting of the test bed and providing a human-computer interface for a user to operate and monitor the test process, the control software is installed in the computer, and the display screen is placed on the side part and used for displaying the monitored picture.
The measurement and control flow is shown in fig. 5, and the specific description is as follows:
checking the opening and closing states of equipment in the test bed;
if the equipment is not synchronously turned on or turned off within 5 seconds, triggering a software alarm;
if the device is synchronously turned on or off within 5 seconds, checking a set value of the torque to compare with an actual value;
if the set value of the torque is not consistent with the actual value, triggering a software alarm;
if the set value of the torque accords with the actual value, checking the size of the torsion angle and the deformed state;
if the size of the torsion angle and the deformed state do not accord with parameter setting, triggering a software alarm;
if the size of the torsion angle and the deformation state accord with parameter setting, ending the measurement and control flow;
it should be noted that: in testing the condition of the transmission under test, the torsion angle and deformation state of each specific transmission depend on factors such as the specific transmission type, design parameters and application environment, and the parameter settings of each transmission are not the same;
in practical application, manufacturers can determine proper deformation threshold values according to design and engineering experience and by combining factors such as materials, loads, reliability and the like, and specific torsion angles can be influenced by factors such as design requirements, transmission efficiency, material strength and the like, for example, the torsion angle range of an automobile manual transmission is between 10 degrees and 30 degrees, the torsion angle range of the automobile automatic transmission is between 5 degrees and 15 degrees, and the torsion angle range of an industrial transmission is between 20 degrees and 60 degrees;
the test bed is connected to the cloud platform, remote monitoring and control of the whole test module in the test bed are achieved, a user can remotely monitor real-time test data through a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer or a computer, and various parameters can be adjusted and controlled as required in the whole test process.
In the specific application, a manager carries out remote monitoring through a mobile phone, finds that the equipment is synchronously started or closed within 5 seconds, the set value of the torque accords with the actual value, and meanwhile, the size of the torsion angle and the deformation state accord with the parameter range setting of the manufacturer, so that a software alarm is not triggered, and the measurement and control flow is ended.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A static torsion test stand provided with a self-adaptive clamping mechanism is characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,
the device comprises a main body structure, a dynamometer module, a self-adaptive clamping mechanism, an acquisition analysis module and a measurement and control module;
the main body structure comprises a base, a support column and a cross beam, and is used for supporting the stability and rigidity of the whole test module;
the base is placed on the ground, the support posts are movably buckled and fixed with the base, and the cross beam is used for flexibly connecting the dynamometer module, the self-adaptive clamping mechanism, the acquisition analysis module and the measurement and control module;
the dynamometer module comprises a driving motor, a frequency converter and a transmission device, and is used for providing torque and torsion movement;
the driving motor is connected with the frequency converter and the transmission device by using the cross beam, the driving motor is firstly placed for driving, then the frequency converter is placed for executing variable speed adjustment on the transmission device, and finally the transmission device is placed;
the self-adaptive clamping mechanism is used for adapting to the shapes and the sizes of different tested speed changers and maintaining stable clamping force;
the acquisition and analysis module is used for measuring various parameters of the tested transmission in the torsion process and transmitting the parameters to a computer for recording and analysis;
the measurement and control module comprises a computer, control software and a display screen, and is used for controlling the operation and parameter setting of the test bed and providing a human-computer interface for a user to operate and monitor the test process;
the control software is installed in the computer, and the display screen is placed at the side part and used for displaying the monitored picture.
2. The static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the base is of a cast iron grid structure, and is connected with the iron flat plate through foundation bolts, so that bolt holes are uniformly distributed, and materials on two sides and the middle lower part of the base are removed;
the support is provided with a deformation compensation device for correcting deformation and displacement of the support;
a damping device is arranged between the cross beam and the base;
the transmission device adopts gearless transmission and is combined with the frequency converter, so that the transmission device can adjust the speed and the torque according to actual needs.
3. The static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the self-adaptive clamping mechanism comprises an identification module, a clamping module and an adjusting module;
the identification module performs target identification positioning on the tested transmission by using a neural network algorithm;
the predicted frame function expression for the measured transmission positioning is as follows:
c x ＝θ(κ x )+λ x ；
c y ＝θ(κ y )+λ y ；
c w ＝s w (θ(κ w )) 2 ；
c h ＝s h (θ(κ h )) 2 ；
wherein, c x 、c y 、c w And c h Respectively representing the central point position coordinate data of the prediction frame, wherein theta represents a nonlinear activation function and kappa x 、κ y 、κ w And kappa (kappa) h Respectively represent the offset and take the value of 0,1]Between lambda x 、λ y Respectively represent the offset of the left upper corner of the prediction frame, s w 、s h Representing the size of the a priori block.
4. A static torsion test stand equipped with an adaptive clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the clamping module is used for clamping and opening the tested transmission by using control software in the measurement and control module;
adaptively compensating clamping operation of the measured transmission, wherein a function expression of the adaptive compensation is as follows:
d 1 ＝||c x -c w ||+ε·λ x ；
d 2 ＝||c y -c h ||+ε·λ y ；
wherein d 1 Representing the resulting value, d, for the adaptive compensation of the x-coordinate 2 Representing the resulting value for the y-coordinate adaptive compensation, |·| representing the absolute value operation, c x 、c y 、c w And c h Respectively representing the central point position coordinate data of the prediction frame lambda x 、λ y Respectively representing the offset of the left upper corner of the prediction frame, and epsilon represents the compensation constant of the adaptive compensation;
the rule of adaptive compensation includes: and through the self-adaptive compensation, the clamping distances at the two ends of the clamping arm are the result values of the self-adaptive compensation on the x coordinate, and the clamping distances between the clamping head and the buffer cushion are the result values of the self-adaptive compensation on the y coordinate.
5. The static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the adjusting module is used for monitoring the tested speed changer;
monitoring the self-adaptive compensation of the tested transmission, and continuously carrying out self-adaptive reinforcement in the compensation process, wherein the function expression of the self-adaptive reinforcement is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the latest result of the adaptive reinforcement, ω representing the reinforcement rate of the adaptive reinforcement, η representing the decrease rate of the adaptive reinforcement, +.>Representing the predicted outcome of the adaptive reinforcement.
6. The static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the acquisition and analysis module is used for measuring various parameters of the measured transmission in the torsion process, wherein the parameters comprise torque, torsion angle and deformation, and the parameters are monitored by using a rotational speed and torque sensor and a force sensor;
and processing the missing values of the parameters, wherein the function expression is as follows:
where DW represents the correlation to the parameter, p 1 And p 2 Respectively representing parameter time sequences acquired by the same sensor in different periods, and n represents the number of parameters.
7. The static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the acquisition and analysis module transmits the parameters to a computer for recording and analysis, the analysis is realized based on a built cloud platform, the recorded parameters have missing values, the missing values of the parameters are processed, and the processed parameters are sent to the cloud platform for realizing visual display;
the implementation steps of the visual display are as follows:
configuring a visual environment required by visual display, constructing a private cloud, performing visual function allocation and management, constructing a visual display platform, and analyzing and visualizing the processed parameters;
the visual display comprises a line graph and a dashboard graph, and the test data and the historical data are compared, so that trend analysis and prediction are performed.
8. The static torsion test stand provided with the self-adaptive clamping mechanism as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the measurement and control flow is as follows:
checking the opening and closing states of equipment in the test bed;
if the equipment is not synchronously turned on or turned off within 5 seconds, triggering a software alarm;
if the device is synchronously turned on or off within 5 seconds, checking a set value of the torque to compare with an actual value;
if the set value of the torque is not consistent with the actual value, triggering a software alarm;
if the set value of the torque accords with the actual value, checking the size of the torsion angle and the deformed state;
if the size of the torsion angle and the deformed state do not accord with parameter setting, triggering a software alarm;
and if the size of the torsion angle and the deformation state accord with parameter setting, ending the measurement and control flow.
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