CN117367797A - All-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-working-condition loaded electric spindle reliability test bed which comprises a ground flat iron, an electric spindle, a longitudinal moving mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a loading mechanism, wherein the electric spindle is fixedly connected to the ground flat iron through a fixing seat, the longitudinal moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism and the lifting mechanism are assembled on the ground flat iron, the loading mechanism is connected with the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is connected with the transverse moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism is connected with the longitudinal moving mechanism, the loading mechanism is arranged corresponding to a loading unit at the rear end of the electric spindle, and the loading mechanism can carry out loading test on the electric spindle under the driving of the longitudinal moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism and the lifting mechanism. The beneficial effects are that: the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the loading mechanism in a three-dimensional space can be realized, and the electric spindle can be loaded at any angle in a set range; the problem that the range of the simulation cutting force applied to the electric spindle by the existing electric spindle reliability test bed is small is thoroughly solved.

Description

All-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand

Technical Field

The invention relates to an electric spindle reliability test bed, in particular to an electric spindle reliability test bed loaded under all working conditions.

Background

At present, an electric spindle is a precision mechanical element widely applied to the fields of numerical control machine tools, industrial robots and the like, and has the main functions of converting electric energy into rotating force and driving a workpiece to rotate. Because the electric spindle works under complex working conditions such as high speed, high precision, high load and the like, the reliability of the electric spindle has a crucial influence on the stability and precision of the whole equipment, and therefore, the electric spindle has great significance in reliability test.

The existing reliability loading test device for the electric spindle at home and abroad adopts two loading rods such as radial loading rods, axial loading rods or X-axis loading rods, Y-axis loading rods and the like to apply load from the loading mode, so that the cost of the test device is increased, and the accuracy of simulating the actual stress condition of the electric spindle is reduced. The traditional loading modes are mainly realized by a motor or a hydraulic system, however, the motor or the hydraulic device has a plurality of defects, such as low positioning precision, complex mechanism, large volume and the like, and the piezoelectric ceramic has the advantages of small volume, high displacement resolution, high response speed, large output force, high transduction efficiency and the like, and can well output the simulated cutting force born by the electric spindle.

At present, a plurality of types of electric spindle reliability test tables developed at home and abroad can only simulate single working condition or a few working conditions, the loading mode is single, point-to-point loading can only be carried out in a single direction, the loading range is small, and the replacement of loading tools is not supported, so that the reliability performance of the electric spindle under various working conditions is not comprehensive, and therefore, the design of the electric spindle reliability test table loaded under all working conditions has important theoretical and practical significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing electric spindle reliability test bed can only simulate single working condition or a few working conditions, the loading mode is single, point-to-point loading can only be carried out in a single direction, the loading range is small, the replacement of a loading tool is not supported, the reliability of an electric spindle under various working conditions is evaluated to be not comprehensive, and the like.

The all-working-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test bed comprises a ground flat iron, an motorized spindle, a longitudinal moving mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a loading mechanism, wherein the motorized spindle is fixedly connected to the ground flat iron through a fixing seat, the longitudinal moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism and the lifting mechanism are assembled on the ground flat iron, the loading mechanism is connected with the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is connected with the transverse moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism is connected with the longitudinal moving mechanism, the loading mechanism is arranged corresponding to a loading unit at the rear end of the motorized spindle, and the loading mechanism can carry out loading test on the motorized spindle under the drive of the longitudinal moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism and the lifting mechanism.

The vertical moving mechanism comprises two first lead screws, the two first lead screws are respectively and fixedly connected to the two sides of the ground level iron through supporting blocks, each first lead screw is connected with a first motor, the first motors can drive the first lead screws to rotate, each first lead screw is connected with a first sliding block in a threaded mode, the first sliding blocks are connected with a moving seat, the bottom of the moving seat is assembled on first sliding rails on the two sides of the ground level iron, the two first lead screws drive the moving seat to longitudinally move back and forth on the two first sliding rails through the two first sliding blocks in the rotating process of the two first lead screws, and the horizontal moving mechanism is fixedly connected to a backboard of the moving seat.

The transverse moving mechanism comprises a second lead screw, the second lead screw is fixedly connected to the backboard of the moving seat, the second lead screw is connected with a second motor, the second motor drives the second lead screw to rotate, a second sliding block is connected to the second lead screw in a threaded mode, the second sliding block is assembled on a second sliding rail of the backboard of the moving seat, the second lead screw can drive the second sliding block to transversely move left and right on the second sliding rail in the rotating process of the second lead screw, and the lifting mechanism is assembled on the second sliding block.

The lifting mechanism comprises a third screw rod, the third screw rod is connected with the second slide block through a nut, the nut is fixedly connected to the second slide block, the third screw rod is connected with a third motor, the third motor drives the third screw rod to rotate, the third screw rod is fixedly connected with a third slide block, a third slide rail is assembled on the third slide block, the third slide rail is clamped in a slide groove, the third slide rail can move up and down along the slide groove, the slide groove is fixedly connected to the second slide block, the third screw rod can drive the third slide block and the third slide rail to slide up and down in the slide groove in the rotation process of the third screw rod, the loading mechanism is assembled on the front end face of the loading unit of the electric spindle corresponding to the third slide block, and the loading mechanism can be driven to move up and down in synchronization in the up-and-down sliding process of the third slide block.

The loading mechanism comprises a stepping motor, a worm wheel, a worm and a driving chassis, wherein the worm wheel and the worm are assembled in a box body, the driving chassis is assembled at the bottom of a worm wheel central shaft, the box body is fixedly connected with the front end face of a third sliding block, the box body, the worm wheel, the worm and the driving chassis can be driven to move up and down synchronously in the vertical sliding process of the third sliding block, the stepping motor is connected with the worm and drives the worm to rotate, the worm wheel is meshed with the worm, the worm wheel is driven to rotate synchronously in the rotation process of the worm, and the driving chassis is driven to swing left and right in the rotation process of the worm wheel.

Two loading arms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bottom of a top plate of the driving chassis and are respectively hinged to clamping plates on two sides of the driving chassis, the two loading arms are connected through connecting rods, one loading arm is connected with a servo motor, the two loading arms can be driven to swing up and down synchronously in the rotation process of the servo motor, loading pliers or a loading shaft is arranged between the two loading arms, the loading pliers or the loading shaft corresponds to a loading unit arranged at the rear end of the electric spindle, and a piezoelectric driver is arranged in the loading pliers or the loading shaft to drive the loading pliers or the loading shaft to carry out single-point or two-point loading on the loading unit at the rear end of the electric spindle.

The piezoelectric driver assembled in the loading shaft comprises three piezoelectric driving units, wherein the three piezoelectric driving units are packaged in the driver shell through the threaded base after being connected in series, the loading rod is sleeved with the pre-tightening elastic pieces, the pre-tightening elastic pieces can pre-tighten the three piezoelectric driving units connected in series, and when the three piezoelectric driving units connected in series are electrified and stretched, the loading rod is driven to carry out single-point loading on the loading unit at the rear end of the electric spindle.

Each piezoelectric driving unit consists of two cymbal-shaped metal caps and a piezoelectric stack, the piezoelectric stack is clamped between the two cymbal-shaped metal caps, a direct current signal is applied to the piezoelectric stack, the piezoelectric stack generates micro-deformation along the axial direction and is transmitted to the cymbal-shaped metal caps on two sides of the piezoelectric stack to amplify the micro-deformation along the axial direction, and the three piezoelectric driving units are connected in series to enable displacement to be overlapped, so that the displacement of a loading rod is driven to be increased, and meanwhile, the transmission efficiency of the output force of the driver is improved.

The piezoelectric mounting groove is formed in the middle of the base of the loading clamp, the piezoelectric driver arranged in the loading clamp is assembled in the piezoelectric mounting groove, the piezoelectric driver assembled in the loading clamp is a piezoelectric ceramic stack, the rear end of the piezoelectric driver is hinged with two first pull rods, the two first pull rods are hinged on the front end face of the base of the loading clamp in parallel, the piezoelectric driver can drive the two first pull rods to move towards the two sides of the base of the loading clamp respectively, the mounting grooves are formed in the two sides of the base of the loading clamp respectively, a second pull rod and a clamp arm are hinged in each mounting groove, the front end of the second pull rod is hinged with the tail ends of the first pull rods, one side of the rear end of the second pull rod is hinged on the inner side wall of the inner end of the mounting groove, the other side of the rear end of the second pull rod is hinged with the inner side face of the clamp arm, the outer side face of the clamp arm is hinged on the inner side wall of the outer end of the mounting groove, and the voltage amplified by a power amplifier is applied to the piezoelectric driver, so that the piezoelectric driver stretches and pushes the two first pull rods outwards, the first pull rods drive the second pull rods to push the clamp arms outwards, and the two clamp arms swing inwards, and the two main shafts are clamped inwards.

The loading unit at the rear end of the electric spindle is arranged to be spherical, the spherical loading unit comprises a bearing end cover, a simulation tool handle, an angular contact ball bearing, a shaft sleeve and a shell, wherein the angular contact ball bearing, the simulation tool handle and the shaft sleeve are sequentially assembled in an inner cavity of the shell, the bearing end cover is fixedly connected to the front end of the shell, the front end of the simulation tool handle stretches out of the bearing end cover and then can abut against the rear end of the electric spindle, and the loading mechanism can apply load to the spherical loading unit in a plurality of angles in a three-dimensional space, so that the simulation cutting force applied to the electric spindle is more comprehensive.

The first motor, the second motor, the third motor, the stepping motor, the servo motor and the piezoelectric driver are all assembled by the existing equipment, so that specific models and specifications are not repeated.

The working flow of the invention is as follows:

the working flow of the all-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand provided by the invention is as follows:

the first step, the preparation work before the test, the concrete steps are as follows:

step 1, environment preparation: mainly for ensuring that no sundries exist near the test bed, the test temperature is room temperature;

step 2, locking detection of a test bed: whether all working parts of the test bed are locked or not is strictly detected, so that test personnel are prevented from being accidentally injured after the test is started, dynamic force basic values loaded according to requirements in advance are adjusted, and the basic force of the piezoelectric driver is adjusted;

and secondly, performing a test, wherein the specific steps are as follows:

step 1, inputting a program corresponding to a dynamic force spectrum of a piezoelectric driver for standby;

step 2, rotating an electric spindle: the control console sends an electric signal instruction, and the electric spindle runs according to a set rotating speed in the dynamic force spectrum;

step 3, the first lead screws on the two sides of the horizon iron work, the motion parameters of the two first motors are set in the controller, then an instruction is sent to control the motion of the first motors, meanwhile, the controller monitors and adjusts errors between the two first motors, the movable seat is driven to synchronously slide on the two first sliding rails, and when the loading mechanism is at a set position from the ball loading unit, the two first lead screws stop working;

step 4, controlling a third motor to drive a third screw rod to start working, and driving a loading mechanism to move up and down to a set position;

step 5, controlling a second motor to drive a second screw rod to work, and adjusting the loading mechanism to move left and right to a set position;

step 6, the two first screw rods continue to work, and the front and back positions of the loading mechanism are further finely adjusted, so that the loading pliers or the loading shaft is adjusted to the working position;

step 7, loading dynamic force: the control console sends an instruction, and the loading clamp or the loading shaft loads according to the input load spectrum program;

step 8, canceling dynamic force: the loading test is finished, the control console sends an instruction to finish loading, and the loading pliers or the loading shaft stops working;

step 9, stopping the motorized spindle: the control console sends an instruction, and the motorized spindle stops rotating;

and 10, repeating the test flow from the step 1 to the step 9, and driving the loading mechanism to a position where the ball-type loading unit needs to be loaded, wherein the repetition times are determined according to the design requirement.

And thirdly, closing the test bed, wherein the specific steps are as follows:

step 1, after the test is finished, the control console sends an instruction to enable the longitudinal moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the loading mechanism to move to a non-working position;

step 2, closing the motorized spindle and the loading mechanism;

and 3, closing the control console.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the all-working-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test bed provided by the invention can realize multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment of the loading mechanism in a three-dimensional space through the design of the longitudinal moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the loading mechanism, and can load the motorized spindle at any angle in a set range; the ball-type loading unit is designed, so that the loading range is greatly increased, and the problem that the range of the simulation cutting force applied to the electric spindle by the existing electric spindle reliability test bed is small is thoroughly solved; two different loading devices, a piezoelectric stack driver and a piezoelectric loading clamp are designed, the two loading devices are simple in mounting and dismounting modes, the stress conditions of the electric spindle in different processing scenes can be simulated, and the actual working condition of the electric spindle in the actual cutting process is more comprehensively simulated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the motorized spindle reliability test stand according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the motorized spindle reliability test stand according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the lifting mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the loading mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a loading mechanism with a loading shaft at the front end of the loading mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading pliers at the front end of the loading mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a piezoelectric actuator in a loading shaft according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a piezoelectric driving unit according to the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a loading pliers according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an exploded view of a loading unit at the rear end of the motorized spindle according to the present invention.

The labels in the above figures are as follows:

1. ground flat iron 2, electric spindle 3, loading mechanism 4, fixing seat 5 and loading unit

6. A first screw rod 7, a supporting block 8, a first motor 9, a first sliding block 10 and a movable seat

11. A first slide rail 12, a second screw rod 13, a second motor 14 and a second slide block

15. A second slide rail 16, a third screw rod 17, a third motor 18 and a third slide block

19. A third slide rail 20, a step motor 21, a worm wheel 22, a worm 23 and a driving chassis

24. Case 25, loading arm 26, servo motor 27, loading pliers 28, loading shaft

29. Piezoelectric driver 30, screw base 31, piezoelectric driving unit 32, and pre-tightening spring

33. Driver housing 34, loading rod 35, cymbal-type metal cap 36, piezoelectric stack

37. Base 38, piezoelectric mounting groove 39, first pull rod 40, mounting groove 41, second pull rod

42. Clamp arm 43, bearing end cover 44, simulation tool shank 45 and angular contact ball bearing

46. A shaft sleeve 47, a shell 48, a nut 49 and a chute.

Detailed Description

Please refer to fig. 1 to 10:

the invention provides an all-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test bed which comprises a ground flat iron 1, an motorized spindle 2, a longitudinal moving mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a loading mechanism 3, wherein the motorized spindle 1 is fixedly connected to the ground flat iron 1 through a fixing seat 4, the longitudinal moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism and the lifting mechanism are all assembled on the ground flat iron 1, the loading mechanism 3 is connected with the lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is connected with the transverse moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism is connected with the longitudinal moving mechanism, the loading mechanism 3 is arranged corresponding to a loading unit 5 at the rear end of the motorized spindle 2, and the loading mechanism 3 can carry out loading test on the motorized spindle 2 under the driving of the longitudinal moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism and the lifting mechanism.

The vertical moving mechanism comprises two first lead screws 6, the two first lead screws 6 are respectively and fixedly connected to two sides of the horizontal iron 1 through supporting blocks 7, each first lead screw 6 is connected with a first motor 8, the first motors 8 can drive the first lead screws 6 to rotate, each first lead screw 6 is fixedly connected with a first sliding block 9 in a threaded manner, the first sliding blocks 9 are connected with a moving seat 10, the bottom of the moving seat 10 is assembled on first sliding rails 11 on two sides of the horizontal iron 1, and the two first lead screws 6 drive the moving seat 10 to longitudinally move back and forth on the two first sliding rails 11 through the two first sliding blocks 9 in the rotating process of the two first lead screws 6.

The transverse moving mechanism comprises a second lead screw 12, the second lead screw 12 is fixedly connected to the back plate of the moving seat 10, the second lead screw 12 is connected with a second motor 13, the second motor 13 drives the second lead screw 12 to rotate, a second sliding block 14 is screwed on the second lead screw 12, the second sliding block 14 is assembled on a second sliding rail 15 of the back plate of the moving seat 10, the second sliding block 14 can be driven to transversely move left and right on the second sliding rail 15 in the rotating process of the second lead screw 12, and the lifting mechanism is assembled on the second sliding block 14.

The lifting mechanism comprises a third lead screw 16, the third lead screw 16 is connected with the second slide block 14 through a nut 48, the nut 48 is fixedly connected to the second slide block 14, the third lead screw 16 is connected with a third motor 17, the third motor 17 drives the third lead screw 16 to rotate, the third lead screw 16 is fixedly connected with a third slide block 18, a third slide rail 19 is assembled on the third slide block 18, the third slide rail 19 is clamped in a slide groove 49, the third slide rail 19 can move up and down along the slide groove 49, the slide groove 49 is fixedly connected to the second slide block 14, the third slide block 18 and the third slide rail 19 can slide up and down in the slide groove 49 in the rotation process of the third lead screw 16, the loading mechanism 3 is assembled on the front end face of the third slide block 18 corresponding to the loading unit 5 of the electric spindle 2, and the loading mechanism 3 can be driven to move up and down synchronously in the up and down sliding process of the third slide block 18.

The loading mechanism 3 comprises a stepping motor 20, a worm wheel 21, a worm 22 and a driving chassis 23, wherein the worm wheel 21 and the worm 22 are assembled in a box 24, the driving chassis 23 is assembled at the bottom of a central shaft of the worm wheel 21, the box 24 is fixedly connected with the front end face of a third sliding block 18, the box 24, the worm wheel 21, the worm 22 and the driving chassis 23 can be driven to synchronously move up and down in the vertical sliding process of the third sliding block 18, the stepping motor 20 is connected with the worm 22 and drives the worm 22 to rotate, the worm wheel 21 is meshed with the worm 22, the worm 22 drives the worm wheel 21 to synchronously rotate in the rotating process of the worm wheel 21, and the driving chassis 23 is driven to swing left and right in the rotating process of the worm wheel 21.

Two loading arms 25 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bottom of a top plate of the driving chassis 23, the two loading arms 25 are respectively hinged to clamping plates on two sides of the driving chassis 23, the two loading arms 25 are connected through a connecting rod, one loading arm 25 is connected with a servo motor 26, the two loading arms 25 can be driven to swing up and down synchronously in the rotation process of the servo motor 26, loading pliers 27 or a loading shaft 28 are arranged between the two loading arms 25, the loading pliers 27 or the loading shaft 28 are arranged corresponding to the loading units 5 on the rear end of the electric spindle 2, and a piezoelectric driver 29 is arranged in the loading pliers 27 or the loading shaft 28 to drive the loading pliers 27 or the loading shaft 28 to carry out single-point or two-point loading on the loading units 5 on the rear end of the electric spindle 2.

The piezoelectric driver 29 assembled in the loading shaft 28 comprises a threaded base 30, piezoelectric driving units 31, a pre-tightening elastic sheet 32 and a driver shell 33, wherein the three piezoelectric driving units 31 are connected in series and then are packaged in the driver shell 33 through the threaded base 30, the pre-tightening elastic sheet 32 is sleeved on a loading rod 34, the pre-tightening elastic sheet 32 can pre-tighten the three piezoelectric driving units 31 connected in series, and when the three piezoelectric driving units 31 connected in series are electrified and stretched, the loading rod 34 is driven to carry out single-point loading on the loading unit 5 at the rear end of the electric spindle 2.

Each piezoelectric driving unit 31 is composed of two cymbal-shaped metal caps 35 and a piezoelectric stack 36, the piezoelectric stack 36 is clamped between the two cymbal-shaped metal caps 35, a direct current signal is applied to the piezoelectric stack 36, the piezoelectric stack 36 generates micro deformation along the axial direction and is transmitted to the cymbal-shaped metal caps 35 at two sides of the piezoelectric stack 36 to amplify the micro deformation along the axial direction, and the three piezoelectric driving units 31 are connected in series to enable displacement to be overlapped, so that the displacement of the loading rod 34 is driven to be increased, and meanwhile, the transmission efficiency of the output force of the driver is improved.

The middle part of a base 37 of the loading clamp 27 is provided with a piezoelectric mounting groove 38, a piezoelectric driver 29 arranged in the loading clamp 27 is assembled in the piezoelectric mounting groove 38, the piezoelectric driver 29 assembled in the loading clamp 27 is a piezoelectric ceramic stack, the rear end of the piezoelectric driver 29 is hinged with two first pull rods 39, the two first pull rods 39 are hinged on the front end face of the base 37 of the loading clamp 27 in parallel, the piezoelectric driver 29 can drive the two first pull rods 39 to respectively move towards the two sides of the base 37 of the loading clamp 27, the two sides of the base 37 of the loading clamp 27 are respectively provided with a mounting groove 40, each mounting groove 40 is internally hinged with a second pull rod 41 and a clamp arm 42, the front end of the second pull rod 41 is hinged with the tail end of the first pull rod 39, one side of the rear end of the second pull rod 41 is hinged on the inner side wall of the inner end of the mounting groove 40, the other side of the rear end of the second pull rod 41 is hinged with the inner side face of the clamp arm 42, the outer side face of the clamp arm 42 is hinged on the inner side wall of the outer end of the mounting groove 40, the piezoelectric driver 29 is driven to respectively extend the two first pull rods 39 through a power amplifier, the two second pull rods 39 are driven to push the two second pull rods 39 outwards to swing towards the outer side of the main shaft 2, and the two second pull rods 2 are driven to swing towards the outer side of the main shaft 2, and the two second pull rods are driven to swing units are driven to swing and outwards, the two second pull rods are driven to swing the second pull rods and the second pull rods 39 are outwards to swing to reach the purposes.

The loading unit 5 at the rear end of the electric spindle 2 is arranged to be spherical, the spherical loading unit comprises a bearing end cover 43, a simulation tool handle 44, an angular contact ball bearing 45, a shaft sleeve 46 and a shell 47, wherein the angular contact ball bearing 45, the simulation tool handle 44 and the shaft sleeve 46 are sequentially assembled in an inner cavity of the shell 47, the bearing end cover 43 is fixedly connected to the front end of the shell 47, the front end of the simulation tool handle 44 stretches out of the bearing end cover 43 and then can abut against the rear end of the electric spindle 2, and the loading mechanism 3 can apply load to the spherical loading unit in a plurality of angles in a three-dimensional space, so that the simulated cutting force of the electric spindle 2 is more comprehensive.

The first motor 8, the second motor 13, the third motor 17, the stepper motor 20, the servo motor 26 and the piezoelectric driver 29 are all assembled by the existing devices, and therefore, specific models and specifications are not described in detail.

The working flow of the invention is as follows:

the working flow of the all-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand provided by the invention is as follows:

the first step, the preparation work before the test, the concrete steps are as follows:

step 1, environment preparation: mainly for ensuring that no sundries exist near the test bed, the test temperature is room temperature;

step 2, locking detection of a test bed: whether all working parts of the test bed are locked or not is strictly detected, so that test personnel are prevented from being accidentally injured after the test is started, dynamic force basic values loaded according to requirements in advance are adjusted, and the basic force of the piezoelectric driver 29 is adjusted;

and secondly, performing a test, wherein the specific steps are as follows:

step 1, inputting a program corresponding to a dynamic force spectrum of the piezoelectric driver 29 for standby;

step 2, rotating the motorized spindle 2: the console sends an electric signal instruction, and the electric spindle 2 runs according to a set rotating speed in a dynamic force spectrum;

step 3, the first lead screws 6 on the two sides of the ground level iron 1 work, the motion parameters of the two first motors 8 are set in the controller, then an instruction is sent to control the motion of the first motors 8, meanwhile, the controller monitors and adjusts errors between the two first motors 8, the movable seat 10 is driven to synchronously slide on the two first slide rails 11, and when the loading mechanism 3 is at a set position from the ball loading unit 5, the two first lead screws 6 stop working;

step 4, controlling a third motor 17 to drive a third screw rod 16 to start working, and driving the loading mechanism 3 to move up and down to a set position;

step 5, controlling a second motor 13 to drive a second screw rod 12 to work, and adjusting the loading mechanism 3 to move left and right to a set position;

step 6, the two first screw rods 6 continue to work, and the front and back positions of the loading mechanism 3 are further finely adjusted, so that the loading pliers 27 or the loading shaft 28 are adjusted to the working positions;

step 7, loading dynamic force: the control console sends an instruction, and the loading clamp 27 or the loading shaft 28 loads according to the input load spectrum program;

step 8, canceling dynamic force: the loading test is finished, the console sends an instruction to finish loading, and the loading clamp 27 or the loading shaft 28 stops working;

step 9, stopping the motorized spindle 2: the control console sends an instruction, and the motorized spindle 2 stops rotating;

and 10, repeating the test flow from the step 1 to the step 9, and driving the loading mechanism 3 to a position where the ball-type loading unit 5 needs to be loaded, wherein the repetition times are determined according to the design requirement.

And thirdly, closing the test bed, wherein the specific steps are as follows:

after the test is finished, the control console sends an instruction to enable the longitudinal moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the loading mechanism 3 to move to a non-working position;

step 2, closing the motorized spindle 2 and the loading mechanism 3;

and 3, closing the control console.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an electric spindle reliability test bench of full operating mode loading which characterized in that: the electric spindle is fixedly connected to the ground flat iron through a fixing seat, the longitudinal moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism and the lifting mechanism are assembled on the ground flat iron, the lifting mechanism is connected with the transverse moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism is connected with the longitudinal moving mechanism, the loading mechanism is arranged corresponding to a loading unit at the rear end of the electric spindle, and the loading mechanism can carry out loading test on the electric spindle under the driving of the longitudinal moving mechanism, the transverse moving mechanism and the lifting mechanism.

2. The all-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand of claim 1, wherein: the vertical moving mechanism comprises two first lead screws, the two first lead screws are respectively and fixedly connected to two sides of the ground level iron through supporting blocks, each first lead screw is connected with a first motor, the first motor can drive the first lead screw to rotate, each first lead screw is connected with a first sliding block in a threaded mode, the first sliding blocks are connected with a moving seat, the bottom of the moving seat is assembled on first sliding rails on two sides of the ground level iron, the two first lead screws drive the moving seat to longitudinally move back and forth on the two first sliding rails through the two first sliding blocks in the rotating process of the two first lead screws, and the horizontal moving mechanism is fixedly connected to a backboard of the moving seat.

3. The all-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand of claim 1, wherein: the transverse moving mechanism comprises a second lead screw, the second lead screw is fixedly connected to the backboard of the moving seat, the second lead screw is connected with a second motor, the second motor drives the second lead screw to rotate, a second sliding block is screwed on the second lead screw and assembled on a second sliding rail of the backboard of the moving seat, the second lead screw can drive the second sliding block to transversely move left and right on the second sliding rail in the rotating process of the second lead screw, and the lifting mechanism is assembled on the second sliding block.

4. A full condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the lifting mechanism comprises a third screw rod, the third screw rod is connected with the second slide block through a nut, the nut is fixedly connected to the second slide block, the third screw rod is connected with a third motor, the third motor drives the third screw rod to rotate, the third screw rod is fixedly connected with a third slide block, a third slide rail is assembled on the third slide block, the third slide rail is clamped in a slide groove, the third slide rail can move up and down along the slide groove, the slide groove is fixedly connected to the second slide block, the third screw rod can drive the third slide block and the third slide rail to slide up and down in the slide groove in the rotation process of the third screw rod, the loading mechanism is assembled on the front end face of the loading unit of the electric spindle corresponding to the third slide block, and the loading mechanism can be driven to move up and down in the up-and-down sliding process of the third slide block.

5. The all-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand of claim 1, wherein: the loading mechanism comprises a stepping motor, a worm wheel, a worm and a driving chassis, wherein the worm wheel and the worm are assembled in a box body, the driving chassis is assembled at the bottom of a worm wheel central shaft, the box body is fixedly connected with the front end face of a third sliding block, the box body, the worm wheel, the worm and the driving chassis can be driven to synchronously move up and down in the vertical sliding process of the third sliding block, the stepping motor is connected with the worm and drives the worm to rotate, the worm wheel is meshed with the worm, the worm wheel is driven to synchronously rotate in the rotation process of the worm, and the driving chassis is driven to swing left and right in the rotation process of the worm wheel.

6. The all-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand of claim 5, wherein: the two sides of the bottom of the top plate of the driving chassis are symmetrically provided with two loading arms, the two loading arms are respectively hinged to clamping plates on two sides of the driving chassis, the two loading arms are connected through connecting rods, one loading arm is connected with a servo motor, the two loading arms can be driven to swing up and down synchronously in the rotation process of the servo motor, loading pliers or a loading shaft is arranged between the two loading arms, the loading pliers or the loading shaft corresponds to the loading unit arranged at the rear end of the electric spindle, and a piezoelectric driver is arranged in the loading pliers or the loading shaft to drive the loading pliers or the loading shaft to carry out single-point or two-point loading on the loading unit at the rear end of the electric spindle.

7. The all-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand of claim 6, wherein: the piezoelectric driver assembled in the loading shaft comprises three piezoelectric driving units, wherein the three piezoelectric driving units are packaged in the driver shell through the threaded base after being connected in series, the loading rod is sleeved with the pre-tightening elastic pieces, the three piezoelectric driving units connected in series can be pre-tightened, and when the three piezoelectric driving units connected in series are electrified and stretched, the loading rod is driven to carry out single-point loading on the loading unit at the rear end of the electric spindle.

8. The all-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand of claim 7, wherein: each piezoelectric driving unit consists of two cymbal-type metal caps and a piezoelectric stack, the piezoelectric stack is clamped between the two cymbal-type metal caps, a direct current signal is applied to the piezoelectric stack, the piezoelectric stack generates micro-deformation along the axial direction and is transmitted to the cymbal-type metal caps on two sides of the piezoelectric stack to amplify the micro-deformation along the axial direction, and the three piezoelectric driving units are connected in series to enable displacement to be overlapped, so that the displacement of a loading rod is driven to be increased, and meanwhile, the transmission efficiency of the output force of the driver is improved.

9. The all-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand of claim 6, wherein: the piezoelectric loading clamp is characterized in that a piezoelectric mounting groove is formed in the middle of a base of the loading clamp, a piezoelectric driver arranged in the loading clamp is assembled in the piezoelectric mounting groove, the piezoelectric driver assembled in the loading clamp is a piezoelectric ceramic stack, two first pull rods are hinged to the rear end of the piezoelectric driver, the two first pull rods are hinged to the front end face of the base of the loading clamp in parallel, the piezoelectric driver can drive the two first pull rods to move towards two sides of the base of the loading clamp respectively, the mounting grooves are formed in two sides of the base of the loading clamp respectively, a second pull rod and a clamp arm are hinged to each mounting groove, the front end of the second pull rod is hinged to the tail ends of the first pull rods, one side of the rear end of the second pull rod is hinged to the inner side wall of the inner end of the mounting groove, the other side of the rear end of the second pull rod is hinged to the inner side of the clamp arm, the outer side of the clamp arm is hinged to the inner side wall of the mounting groove, and the voltage amplified by a power amplifier is applied to the piezoelectric driver, so that the piezoelectric driver can extend and drive the two first pull rods to move towards the two first pull rods, the second pull rods are driven towards the outer clamp arms, and the two clamp arms are driven towards the inner sides of the two clamp arms, and the two clamp arms are driven towards the main shafts, and the main shafts are driven towards the two main shafts, and the main shafts are clamped inwards, and the main shafts are realized.

10. An all-condition loaded motorized spindle reliability test stand according to claim 1 or 6 or 7 or 9, wherein: the loading unit at the rear end of the electric spindle is arranged to be spherical, the spherical loading unit comprises a bearing end cover, a simulation tool handle, an angular contact ball bearing, a shaft sleeve and a shell, wherein the angular contact ball bearing, the simulation tool handle and the shaft sleeve are sequentially assembled in an inner cavity of the shell, the bearing end cover is fixedly connected to the front end of the shell, the front end of the simulation tool handle stretches out of the bearing end cover and then can abut against the rear end of the electric spindle, and the loading mechanism can apply load to the spherical loading unit in a plurality of angles in a three-dimensional space, so that the simulation cutting force applied to the electric spindle is more comprehensive.