CN117363842A - Dot matrix type laser quenching process - Google Patents
Dot matrix type laser quenching process Download PDFInfo
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- CN117363842A CN117363842A CN202311316843.8A CN202311316843A CN117363842A CN 117363842 A CN117363842 A CN 117363842A CN 202311316843 A CN202311316843 A CN 202311316843A CN 117363842 A CN117363842 A CN 117363842A
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- laser
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- laser quenching
- hardness
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of laser quenching, and discloses a dot matrix laser quenching process, which increases the hardness and wear resistance of the surface of a material by carrying out dot matrix laser quenching on a workpiece, and can effectively increase the cooling rate of the material by discretizing dot matrix scanning and ensure the toughness of the workpiece on the basis of increasing the hardness value compared with the existing multi-channel lapping technology. Through the dot matrix distribution mode, the problems of overheating, tempering, softening and the like generated in the multi-channel lap joint scanning process can be effectively avoided, and stress concentration is avoided. The hardness and wear resistance of the laser dot-shaped discrete quench hardening layer are obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser quenching, in particular to a dot matrix laser quenching process.
Background
The laser quenching surface modification technology avoids the defects of easy deformation, cracking and the like of the workpiece after the traditional quenching process, can keep the surface roughness of the raw material, and has obvious advantages in the aspects of improving the surface hardness, the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and the like of the material. Many students have conducted a great deal of research on the laser quenching surface modification technology, and the rolling contact wear and fatigue properties of U71Mn steel rails are analyzed and studied by establishing a three-dimensional elastoplastic model of the laser discrete quenched steel rails. The result shows that the wear life of the steel rail treated by LDQ can be improved by about 93.81% -155.65%, the wear rate can be reduced by about 40.67% -50.62%, but the rolling contact fatigue life of the wheel rail is hardly changed. Patwa et al propose an accurate thermodynamic prediction model of the laser hardening process based on laser process parameters and initial microstructure, and the results indicate that the model can accurately predict the hardness and depth of the AI SI5150H steel hardening layer and show good agreement between the predicted temperature and the measured temperature. Guo Shirui and the like utilize ANSYS to carry out numerical simulation of a laser quenching temperature field on the surface of the 420B stainless steel dental chisel, and determine the technological parameters of no melting phenomenon and good quenching effect on the surface of the cutting edge.
In the prior art, the key technological parameters of laser quenching of different materials are different, and the laser is adopted to quench the part in a large area, so that the hardness of the part is improved, but the toughness of the part is easily reduced; in addition, parts used under heavy load, high pressure and other working conditions have high requirements on friction and abrasion, and the surfaces of the parts under the working conditions are easy to be subjected to friction and abrasion and insufficient lubrication.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a dot matrix laser quenching process, which can effectively avoid the problems of overheating, tempering softening and the like in the multi-pass lap joint scanning process and avoid stress concentration by a dot matrix distribution mode. The hardness and wear resistance of the laser dot-shaped discrete quench hardening layer are obviously improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a dot matrix laser quenching process comprises the following steps:
adjusting a six-axis mechanical arm of pulse laser and laser frequency, and performing punctiform discretization laser quenching on the surface of a workpiece to be quenched by using a laser quenching system which is arranged completely;
adjusting laser quenching process parameters, changing laser quenching lattice spacing, and obtaining quenched workpieces with different lattice spacing;
as a further implementation mode, the surface of the quenched workpiece is cleaned before quenching so as to ensure that the surface meets the requirement of laser quenching.
As a further implementation, the laser power of the pulsed laser is 800w.
As a further implementation, the scanning speed of the pulsed laser is 10mm/s.
As a further implementation, the spot diameter of the pulsed laser is 4mm.
As a further implementation manner, the lattice interval is adjusted to be 0.2mm, and then the test piece subjected to discretization laser quenching is subjected to a quenching layer hardness test and a surface friction and wear test.
As a further implementation, the surface hardness after spot laser quenching is 702HV-719HV, the average friction coefficient is reduced by 0.01.
As a further implementation mode, the lattice interval is adjusted to be 0.4mm and 0.6mm, and then the test piece subjected to discretization laser quenching is subjected to a quenching layer hardness test and a surface friction and wear test.
As a further implementation, in the case of a lattice spacing of 0.4mm, the surface hardness after spot laser quenching is 780HV-803HV, and the average friction coefficient is reduced by 0.01.
As a further implementation mode, in the case that the lattice spacing is 0.6mm, the surface hardness after spot laser quenching is 805HV-834HV, and the average friction coefficient is reduced by 0.02.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
compared with the existing multi-channel lap joint technology, the method can effectively increase the cooling rate of the material by discretizing lattice scanning, and ensure the toughness of the workpiece on the basis of increasing the hardness value. Through the dot matrix distribution mode, the problems of overheating, tempering, softening and the like generated in the multi-channel lap joint scanning process can be effectively avoided, and stress concentration is avoided. The hardness and wear resistance of the laser dot-shaped discrete quench hardening layer are obviously improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a plot of a lattice type laser quenched surface profile in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of a prior art continuous laser quenched surface hardness profile;
FIG. 3 is a plot of the matrix laser quenched surface hardness profile in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the coefficient of friction of a prior art continuous laser quenched surface;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the coefficient of friction of a lattice type laser quenched surface in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the average wear of a continuous laser and a lattice laser quenched surface.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Example 1
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 6, a lattice type laser quenching process includes the steps of:
A. and cleaning the surface of the steel to be quenched to ensure that the surface meets the laser quenching requirement.
B. And (3) adjusting process parameters, wherein the diameter of a light spot is adjusted to 4mm, the laser power is 800w, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, and the lattice interval is 0.2mm.
C. And carrying out punctiform discretization laser quenching on the surface of the workpiece to be quenched by using the set laser quenching system.
D. And performing a quenching layer hardness test and a surface friction and wear test on the test piece subjected to discretization laser quenching.
Through the adjustment, the surface hardness after spot laser quenching is 702HV-719HV, and the wear resistance is improved by 60.5% -68% compared with the original process. Under the oil lubrication working condition, the average friction coefficient is reduced by 0.010. Compared with the prior art, the improvement is obvious.
Example 2
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 6, a lattice type laser quenching process includes the steps of:
A. and cleaning the surface of the steel to be quenched to ensure that the surface meets the laser quenching requirement.
B. The six-axis mechanical arm and the laser frequency are adjusted, the incident angle is perpendicular to the surface of the test piece, the diameter of a light spot is adjusted to be 4mm, the laser power is 800w, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, and the lattice interval is 0.4mm.
C. And carrying out punctiform discretization laser quenching on the surface of the workpiece to be quenched by using the set laser quenching system.
D. And performing a quenching layer hardness test and a surface friction and wear test on the test piece subjected to discretization laser quenching.
Through the adjustment, the surface hardness after spot laser quenching is 780HV-803HV, and the wear resistance is improved by 66.5% -70.2% compared with the original process. The average friction coefficient is reduced by 0.015 under oil lubrication conditions. Compared with the prior art, the improvement is obvious.
Example 3
In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 6, a lattice type laser quenching process includes the steps of:
A. and cleaning the surface of the steel to be quenched to ensure that the surface meets the laser quenching requirement.
B. The six-axis mechanical arm and the laser frequency are adjusted, the incident angle is perpendicular to the surface of the test piece, the diameter of a light spot is adjusted to be 4mm, the laser power is 800w, the scanning speed is 10mm/s, and the lattice interval is d to be 0.6mm.
C. And carrying out punctiform discretization laser quenching on the surface of the workpiece to be quenched by using the set laser quenching system.
D. And performing a quenching layer hardness test and a surface friction and wear test on the test piece subjected to discretization laser quenching.
Through the adjustment, the surface hardness after spot laser quenching is 805HV-834HV, and the wear resistance is improved by 69.4% -73.1% compared with the original process. The average friction coefficient is reduced by 0.02 under the oil lubrication working condition. Compared with the prior art, the improvement is obvious.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the lattice spacing distance is ensured to be changed, other quenching parameters are unchanged, and then the hardness test of the quenching layer is carried out on the test piece which is subjected to discretization laser quenching, as shown in fig. 3, and the hardness range is distributed between 700HV and 800HV. Is superior to the existing continuous laser quenching surface hardness distribution. Fig. 4-5 show the comparison of the friction coefficient curves of the quenched surfaces after quenching. The lattice laser quenching causes the friction coefficient of the workpiece to decrease. As shown in fig. 6, the average wear amount of the present embodiment is smaller than that of the conventional continuous laser quenching.
Because the spot laser quenching is influenced by the circular light spot, the hardening depth is decreased outwards from the center of the circle, the diameter of the subsequent spot laser is increased along with the temperature rise of the whole test piece, and uneven hardness can be caused by tempering and softening between two continuous pass quenching belts, so that the lattice-shaped surface with the thickness of 0.2mm can effectively avoid tempering and softening effects between the quenching belts, and the friction coefficient is reduced. When the interval is 0.4mm, the adjacent punctiform quenching belts are hardly affected, the reasonable interval can play a role in preheating for subsequent processing, the hardening uniformity of the surface can be improved, and the friction coefficient of the surface is also relatively stable. When the distance is increased to 0.6mm, the respective spot quenching belts do not affect each other, and a surface of the regular hardening unit and the matrix are in cross circulation, so that the surface friction coefficient curve is the smoothest.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The lattice type laser quenching process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
adjusting a six-axis mechanical arm of pulse laser and laser frequency, and performing punctiform discretization laser quenching on the surface of a workpiece to be quenched by using a laser quenching system which is arranged completely;
and adjusting different laser quenching lattice intervals, and then performing a quenching layer hardness test and a surface friction and wear test on the test piece subjected to discretization laser quenching.
2. The lattice type laser quenching process according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the quenched workpiece is cleaned before quenching to ensure that the surface meets the requirement of laser quenching.
3. A lattice type laser quenching process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser power of the pulse laser is 800w.
4. A lattice type laser quenching process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the scanning speed of the pulse laser is 10mm/s.
5. A lattice type laser quenching process according to claim 1, wherein the spot diameter of the pulse laser is 4mm.
6. The dot matrix laser quenching process according to claim 5, wherein the dot matrix interval is adjusted to be 0.2mm, and then the test piece subjected to the discretized laser quenching is subjected to a quenching layer hardness test and a surface friction wear test.
7. The dot matrix laser quenching process according to claim 6, wherein the dot matrix laser quenching has a surface hardness of 702HV-719HV and an average friction coefficient reduced by 0.01.
8. The dot matrix laser quenching process according to claim 5, wherein the dot matrix interval is adjusted to 0.4mm and 0.6mm, and then the test piece subjected to the discretized laser quenching is subjected to a quenching layer hardness test and a surface friction wear test, respectively.
9. The dot matrix laser quenching process according to claim 8, wherein the dot matrix interval is 0.4mm, the dot matrix laser quenched surface hardness is 780HV-803HV, and the average friction coefficient is reduced by 0.01.
10. The dot matrix laser quenching process according to claim 8, wherein the dot matrix interval is 0.6mm, the dot matrix laser quenched surface hardness is 805HV-834HV, and the average friction coefficient is reduced by 0.02.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311316843.8A CN117363842A (en) | 2023-10-11 | 2023-10-11 | Dot matrix type laser quenching process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311316843.8A CN117363842A (en) | 2023-10-11 | 2023-10-11 | Dot matrix type laser quenching process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117363842A true CN117363842A (en) | 2024-01-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311316843.8A Pending CN117363842A (en) | 2023-10-11 | 2023-10-11 | Dot matrix type laser quenching process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117363842A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-10-11 CN CN202311316843.8A patent/CN117363842A/en active Pending
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