CN117363061A - Super-hydrophobic conductive composite coating for preventing moon dust adhesion and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a super-hydrophobic conductive composite coating used to prevent lunar dust adhesion and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of space special functional coatings and their preparation. The present invention uses a solvothermal method to prepare Ag NWs, uses Meyer rod coating method to arrange Ag NWs conductive grid on the glass surface, and uses a sol-gel method to prepare hydrophobic silica sol, which is mixed with AZO nanoparticle dispersion. A conductive superhydrophobic AgNWs‑AZO composite coating was formed by spin coating on the surface of Ag NWs conductive mesh. The composite coating is modified by adding conductive substances to the hydrophobic system and combining it with low surface energy substances HMDS to construct multi-level micro-roughness. A conductive path is constructed in the super-hydrophobic coating to provide the possibility for the free movement of electrons, achieving super-hydrophobic and The combination of conductive properties achieves the purpose of improving the passive protection efficiency of lunar dust.

Description

A superhydrophobic conductive composite coating used to prevent lunar dust adhesion and its preparation method

Technical field

The invention relates to a superhydrophobic conductive composite coating used to prevent lunar dust adhesion and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of space special functional coatings and their preparation.

Background technique

Solar photovoltaic power generation is the only energy source to support space exploration missions. The stability of power generation efficiency directly affects the success or failure of deep space exploration missions. As the current focus of deep space exploration, the moon is a key step for human civilization to move into the universe. However, there are bound to be difficulties in the process of lunar exploration. The surface of the moon is covered with a layer of fine granular weathered material with an average particle size of about 70 μm, which is called lunar dust. Due to the effects of cosmic rays, solar wind, and meteor impacts, the surface of lunar dust has a certain charge and has sharp edges, which can easily adhere to the surface of the protective cover of solar panels, hindering the absorption of light by solar panels and reducing photovoltaic conversion efficiency. The serious decline caused the failure of the lunar exploration mission. Therefore, the development of effective lunar dust protection technology is a necessary measure to promote the development of lunar exploration projects.

Currently, lunar dust protection technologies can be divided into active protection and passive protection technologies. Active technology aims to clean the surface or use external force to protect the surface from dust deposition. Main methods include fluid removal, mechanical removal, and electric field force removal. Due to the limitations of the moon's high vacuum and low gravity space environment, the dust removal efficiency of fluid removal is very low. Mechanical dust removal methods include brush removal, adhesion method and ultrasonic method. The first two methods require manual operation and are easy to damage the surface to be dusted. The ultrasonic method is not suitable for instruments with large surface areas, so the mechanical dust removal method is not suitable for practical applications. Using electric field force to remove lunar dust has high dust removal efficiency, but the device is complicated and there is a risk of mechanical failure, so electric field force removal cannot be applied on a large scale.

Passive technology refers to a technology that performs physical or chemical pretreatment in the laboratory to reduce the attraction of dust and does not use external force after installation. It has the characteristics of low cost and high reliability, so it has become a hot spot in the research and development of lunar dust protection technology. Passive protection mainly uses surface modification to reduce the adhesion between the dust layer and the protected surface, thereby achieving the effect of dust reduction. The adhesion between dust and the surface is divided into three types: van der Waals force, electrostatic force and capillary force. Lunar dust has the characteristics of small particle size and high surface energy. When it comes into contact with the solid surface, it has great van der Waals force and shows extremely strong Adhesion; space irradiation and popular impacts have caused the surface of lunar dust to have obvious electrostatic charge. Under the action of electrostatic force, it is easy to adhere to the solid surface; due to the high vacuum environment on the lunar surface, passive protection of lunar dust is being studied. The effect of capillary force can be ignored. Therefore, when studying lunar dust passive protection technology, researchers usually consider reducing van der Waals forces and electrostatic forces. However, in existing research, only reducing one force is often considered, which limits the dust removal efficiency. Therefore, it can Consider reducing the van der Waals force and reducing the electrostatic force to improve the dust removal efficiency of lunar dust.

The conductive superhydrophobic composite coating has both superhydrophobic properties and excellent conductive properties. It can effectively eliminate the electrostatic force between dust particles and the coating while achieving low van der Waals forces. On the one hand, the surface of the conductive superhydrophobic composite coating has a certain rough structure. By constructing a slightly convex surface structure, the contact area between dust particles and the coating surface can be reduced. Moreover, due to the low solid surface energy, there will be a low friction between the dust and the surface. Compared with flat surfaces, the van der Waals force will show lower dust adhesion; on the other hand, the conductive superhydrophobic composite coating has low surface resistance, which can quickly dissipate static electricity, prevent static electricity accumulation, and minimize dust deposition. With the combination of conductive and superhydrophobic properties of the coating, the solid surface can be kept clean. However, the traditionally used superhydrophobic coating materials are often insulators with very low conductivity and cannot achieve static electricity dissipation, which is not conducive to reducing the adhesion of lunar dust. Therefore, it is necessary to design a conductive and superhydrophobic coating to Achieving effective passive protection from lunar dust is of great value.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned existing technical problems, the present invention provides a super-hydrophobic conductive composite coating for preventing lunar dust adhesion and a preparation method thereof.

Technical solution of the present invention:

One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a superhydrophobic conductive composite coating. Specifically, the method includes the following steps:

S1, using silver nitrate, PVP, ethylene glycol and sodium chloride as raw materials, prepare AgNWs by solvothermal method;

S2, use Meyer rod to coat AgNWs on the glass substrate multiple times to obtain Ag NWs grid;

S3, disperse AZO nanoparticles in hydrophobic silica sol to obtain a colloid;

S4, spin-coat the glue solution on the AgNWs grid, heat and dry to obtain a composite coating.

To further limit, the specific operation process of S1 is:

(1) Dissolve sodium chloride and PVP in ethylene glycol to obtain solution A;

(2) Dissolve silver nitrate solution in ethylene glycol to obtain solution B;

(3) Mix solution A and solution B, stir evenly and place in a hydrothermal kettle for hydrothermal reaction. After the reaction is completed, cool to room temperature to obtain Ag NWs suspension;

(4) Use ethanol to centrifuge and wash the Ag NWs suspension to obtain Ag NWs, which are stored in ethanol for later use.

It is further limited that the hydrothermal reaction temperature in step (3) is 140-180°C and the time is 4-8 hours.

It is further limited that the hydrothermal reaction temperature in step (3) is 150-170°C.

To further limit, the hydrothermal reaction temperature in step (3) is 160°C.

It is further limited that the hydrothermal reaction time in step (3) is 5 to 7 hours.

It is further limited that the hydrothermal reaction time in step (3) is 6 hours.

It is further limited that the molar ratio of silver nitrate and PVP in S1 (1-16): 8.

It is further limited that the molar ratio of silver nitrate and PVP in S1 is 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:4 or 1:8.

It is further limited that the number of coatings in S2 is 10 to 50 times.

To further limit, the number of coatings in S2 is 10 times, 20 times, 30 times, 40 times or 50 times.

It is further limited that the particle size of the AZO nanoparticles in S3 is 20 to 100 nm.

To further limit, the particle size of AZO nanoparticles in S3 is 20nm, 40nm, 60nm, 80nm or 100nm.

It is further limited that the mass ratio of hydrophobic silica sol and AZO nanoparticles in S3 is (1~20):1.

To further limit, the mass ratio of hydrophobic silica sol and AZO nanoparticles in S3 is 20:1, 15:1, 10:1 or 5:1, 1:1.

To further limit, the hydrophobic silica sol in S3 is prepared by the sol-gel method using TEOS, HMDS, absolute ethanol and water as raw materials.

To further limit, the preparation method of hydrophobic silica sol in S3 is as follows: dissolve TEOS in absolute ethanol, then add HMDS and distilled water, stir, and obtain hydrophobic silica sol.

To further limit, the spin coating speed in S4 is 500 to 4500 rpm.

To further limit, the spin coating speed in S4 is 500rmp, 1500rmp, 2500rmp, 3500rmp or 4500rmp.

It is further limited that the drying temperature in S4 is 60°C and the time is 5 minutes.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a superhydrophobic conductive composite coating prepared by the above method, which composite coating has superhydrophobicity and conductivity.

The third object of the present invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned superhydrophobic conductive composite coating, specifically for preventing lunar dust from adhering.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The present invention adopts solvothermal method to prepare Ag NWs, and uses Meyer rod coating method to arrange Ag NWs conductive grid on the glass surface, and uses sol-gel method to prepare hydrophobic silica sol, which is mixed with AZO nanoparticle dispersion. A conductive superhydrophobic AgNWs-AZO composite coating was formed by spin coating on the surface of Ag NWs conductive mesh. The composite coating is modified by adding conductive substances to the hydrophobic system and combining it with low surface energy substances HMDS to construct multi-level micro-roughness. A conductive path is constructed in the super-hydrophobic coating to provide the possibility for the free movement of electrons, achieving super-hydrophobic and The combination of conductive properties achieves the purpose of improving the passive protection efficiency of lunar dust. Compared with existing technology, it also has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The composite coating provided by the present invention achieves passive lunar dust protection by simultaneously reducing van der Waals forces and electrostatic forces, and utilizes the rough structure on the surface of the composite coating and the micro-convex structure on the surface to reduce the contact between dust particles and the coating surface. area, and due to the low surface energy of the composite coating, the van der Waals force between dust and the surface is low, showing low lunar dust adhesion; on the other hand, the conductive superhydrophobic composite coating has low surface resistance and can be processed quickly Static electricity dissipation prevents dust adhesion caused by static electricity accumulation, and uses the synergy of super hydrophobicity and conductive properties to achieve dust reduction results. It solves the problem that traditional Si-based insulating superhydrophobic materials cannot take into account the impact of electrostatic effects on the passive protection of lunar dust when reducing the van der Waals force between solids and lunar dust.

(2) The conductive nanoparticles and nanowires prepared by the solvothermal method in the present invention are cross-linked to form a grid to form a conductive path, which enhances the path for charge transmission in the coating, and the conductive nanoparticles participate in the modification of low surface energy substances on the coating surface The formation of micro-nano rough structure not only enhances the conductivity but also retains the wettability of the coating to the maximum extent. It fully takes into account the synergistic effect of van der Waals force and electrostatic force, greatly improving its dust removal performance, and in It can maintain hydrophobic properties and conductive properties stably under space conditions (pressure, temperature, irradiation), has practical value, and has far-reaching significance for the development of lunar dust protective materials for aerospace missions.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is an XRD pattern of the Ag NWs-AZO composite coating prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an SEM photo of the Ag NWs-AZO composite coating prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

Figure 3 is the AFM test result of the AgNWs-AZO composite coating prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

Figure 4 shows the transmittance test results of the Ag NWs-AZO composite coating prepared in Experimental Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and the glass substrate;

Figure 5 is a comparison chart of the resistivity test results of the composite coatings prepared in Experimental Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 of the present invention;

Figure 6 shows the water contact angle test results of composite coatings prepared from Experimental Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 to 2 and glass substrates of the present invention;

Figure 7 shows the dust removal test results of the composite coatings and glass substrates prepared in Experimental Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, methods and instruments used are all conventional materials, reagents, methods and instruments in this field unless otherwise specified, and can be obtained by those skilled in the art through commercial channels.

Example 1

1. Preparation of AgNWs using solvothermal method:

Dissolve 3.5mg sodium chloride and 1.3438g polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in 50ml ethylene glycol, and stir for 15 minutes to obtain an ethylene glycol solution of PVP containing sodium chloride;

Dissolve 0.5g of silver nitrate solid (the molar ratio of silver nitrate to PVP is 1:4) in 30 ml of ethylene glycol solution to obtain an ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate;

Mix the ethylene glycol solution of PVP containing sodium chloride and the ethylene glycol solution containing silver nitrate. Stir evenly and add it to the hydrothermal kettle. Control the reaction temperature to 140°C. End the reaction after 6 hours of hydrothermal reaction. Cool to Ag NWs suspension was obtained at room temperature;

The Ag NWs suspension was centrifuged and washed with ethanol, and finally pure Ag NWs were obtained and stored in ethanol.

2. The AgNWs conductive grid is arranged on the glass surface using Meyer rods:

After the Ag NWs were coated on the glass substrate using a Meyer rod 20 times, an Ag NWs grid with a thickness of 0.5 mm was obtained.

3. Use the sol-gel method to prepare hydrophobic silica sol, and use the spin coating method to spin-coat the AZO hydrophobic sol on the surface of the AgNWs conductive mesh:

Dissolve 4.2ml TEOS in 60ml absolute ethanol, stir to obtain a mixed solution, then add 4ml HMDS and 6ml distilled water, and stir to obtain a hydrophobic silica sol;

Disperse 0.2g of AZO nanoparticles with a particle size of 20nm in 8g of absolute ethanol, and stir thoroughly for 30 minutes to obtain an AZO suspension;

Add 6g of hydrophobic silica sol to the AZO suspension, then add an appropriate amount of zirconium beads and stir thoroughly for 4 hours to obtain the AZO conductive superhydrophobic coating;

The AZO conductive super-hydrophobic coating was spin-coated on a 3cm × 3cm glass sheet covered with AgNWs conductive mesh using a spin coater. The spin-coating speed was 2500rmp, the acceleration was 800rmp/s ² , and the time was 15s. After spin-coating, heat Heat at 60°C for 5 minutes to get

The XRD spectrum of the Ag NWs-AZO composite coating prepared in this example is shown in Figure 1. From Figure 1, it can be seen that in the XRD spectrum (111), (200), (220), (311) and ( 222) were labeled as the fcc structure of silver, and no other peaks with any impurities were detected, indicating the formation of high-purity silver nanowires.

SEM photos of the Ag NWs-AZO composite coating prepared in this example at different magnifications are shown in Figure 2. From Figure 2, it can be seen that there are hydrophobic sol and AZO nanoparticles on the surface of the AgNWs-AZO conductive super-hydrophobic composite coating. The micro-nano rough structure has a conductive grid of Ag NWs formed by Meyer rod coating at the bottom.

The AFM test results of the Ag NWs-AZO composite coating prepared in this example are shown in Figure 3. From Figure 3, it can be seen that the average roughness (R _q ) of the coating is 11.2nm.

Example 2

1. Preparation of AgNWs using solvothermal method:

Dissolve 3.5mg sodium chloride and 1.3438g polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in 50ml ethylene glycol, and stir for 15 minutes to obtain an ethylene glycol solution of PVP containing sodium chloride;

Dissolve 0.5g of silver nitrate solid (the molar ratio of silver nitrate to PVP is 1:4) in 30 ml of ethylene glycol solution to obtain an ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate;

Mix the ethylene glycol solution of PVP containing sodium chloride and the ethylene glycol solution containing silver nitrate. Stir evenly and then add it to the hydrothermal kettle. Control the reaction temperature to 180°C. End the reaction after 5 hours of hydrothermal reaction. Cool to Ag NWs suspension was obtained at room temperature;

The Ag NWs suspension was centrifuged and washed with ethanol, and finally pure Ag NWs were obtained and stored in ethanol.

2. The AgNWs conductive grid is arranged on the glass surface using Meyer rods:

After the Ag NWs were coated on the glass substrate using a Meyer rod 20 times, an Ag NWs grid with a thickness of 0.5 mm was obtained.

3. Use the sol-gel method to prepare hydrophobic silica sol, and use the spin coating method to spin-coat the AZO hydrophobic sol on the surface of the AgNWs conductive mesh:

Dissolve 4.2ml TEOS in 60ml absolute ethanol, stir to obtain a mixed solution, then add 4ml HMDS and 6ml distilled water, and stir to obtain a hydrophobic silica sol;

Disperse 0.2g of AZO nanoparticles with a particle size of 20nm in 8g of absolute ethanol, and stir thoroughly for 30 minutes to obtain an AZO suspension;

Add 6g of hydrophobic silica sol to the AZO suspension, then add an appropriate amount of zirconium beads and stir thoroughly for 4 hours to obtain the AZO conductive superhydrophobic coating;

The AZO conductive super-hydrophobic coating was spin-coated on a 3cm × 3cm glass sheet covered with AgNWs conductive mesh using a spin coater. The spin-coating speed was 2500rmp, the acceleration was 800rmp/s ² , and the time was 15s. After spin-coating, heat Heat at 60°C for 5 minutes.

Example 3

1. Preparation of AgNWs using solvothermal method:

Dissolve 3.5mg sodium chloride and 1.3438g polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in 50ml ethylene glycol, and stir for 15 minutes to obtain an ethylene glycol solution of PVP containing sodium chloride;

Dissolve 0.5g of silver nitrate solid (the molar ratio of silver nitrate to PVP is 1:4) in 30 ml of ethylene glycol solution to obtain an ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate;

Mix the ethylene glycol solution of PVP containing sodium chloride and the ethylene glycol solution containing silver nitrate. Stir evenly and add it to the hydrothermal kettle. Control the reaction temperature to 140°C. End the reaction after 6 hours of hydrothermal reaction. Cool to Ag NWs suspension was obtained at room temperature;

The Ag NWs suspension was centrifuged and washed with ethanol, and finally pure Ag NWs were obtained and stored in ethanol.

2. The AgNWs conductive grid is arranged on the glass surface using Meyer rods:

After the Ag NWs were coated on the glass substrate 40 times using a Meyer rod, an Ag NWs grid with a thickness of 0.7 mm was obtained.

3. Use the sol-gel method to prepare hydrophobic silica sol, and use the spin coating method to spin-coat the AZO hydrophobic sol on the surface of the AgNWs conductive mesh:

Dissolve 4.2ml TEOS in 60ml absolute ethanol, stir to obtain a mixed solution, then add 4ml HMDS and 6ml distilled water, and stir to obtain a hydrophobic silica sol;

Disperse 0.2g of AZO nanoparticles with a particle size of 20nm in 8g of absolute ethanol, and stir thoroughly for 30 minutes to obtain an AZO suspension;

Add 6g of hydrophobic silica sol to the AZO suspension, then add an appropriate amount of zirconium beads and stir thoroughly for 4 hours to obtain the AZO conductive superhydrophobic coating;

The AZO conductive super-hydrophobic coating was spin-coated on a 3cm × 3cm glass sheet covered with AgNWs conductive mesh using a spin coater. The spin-coating speed was 2500rmp, the acceleration was 800rmp/s ² , and the time was 15s. After spin-coating, heat Heat at 60°C for 5 minutes.

Example 4

1. Preparation of AgNWs using solvothermal method:

Dissolve 3.5mg sodium chloride and 1.3438g polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in 50ml ethylene glycol, and stir for 15 minutes to obtain an ethylene glycol solution of PVP containing sodium chloride;

Dissolve 0.5g of silver nitrate solid (the molar ratio of silver nitrate to PVP is 1:4) in 30 ml of ethylene glycol solution to obtain an ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate;

Mix the ethylene glycol solution of PVP containing sodium chloride and the ethylene glycol solution containing silver nitrate. Stir evenly and add it to the hydrothermal kettle. Control the reaction temperature to 140°C. End the reaction after 6 hours of hydrothermal reaction. Cool to Ag NWs suspension was obtained at room temperature;

The Ag NWs suspension was centrifuged and washed with ethanol, and finally pure Ag NWs were obtained and stored in ethanol.

2. The AgNWs conductive grid is arranged on the glass surface using Meyer rods:

After the Ag NWs were coated on the glass substrate using a Meyer rod 20 times, an Ag NWs grid with a thickness of 0.5 mm was obtained.

3. Use the sol-gel method to prepare hydrophobic silica sol, and use the spin coating method to spin-coat the AZO hydrophobic sol on the surface of the AgNWs conductive mesh:

Dissolve 4.2ml TEOS in 60ml absolute ethanol, stir to obtain a mixed solution, then add 4ml HMDS and 6ml distilled water, and stir to obtain a hydrophobic silica sol;

Disperse 0.4g of AZO nanoparticles with a particle size of 20nm in 8g of absolute ethanol, and stir thoroughly for 30 minutes to obtain an AZO suspension;

Add 6g of hydrophobic silica sol to the AZO suspension, then add an appropriate amount of zirconium beads and stir thoroughly for 4 hours to obtain the AZO conductive superhydrophobic coating;

The AZO conductive super-hydrophobic coating was spin-coated on a 3cm × 3cm glass sheet covered with AgNWs conductive mesh using a spin coater. The spin-coating speed was 2500rmp, the acceleration was 800rmp/s ² , and the time was 15s. After spin-coating, heat Heat at 60°C for 5 minutes.

Comparative example 1

The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that AZO nanoparticles are not incorporated in step 3, and the remaining parameter settings and process steps are the same as those in Example 1.

The specific method for preparing the composite coating in this comparative example is as follows:

1. Preparation of AgNWs using solvothermal method:

Dissolve 3.5mg sodium chloride and 1.3438g polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in 50ml ethylene glycol, and stir for 15 minutes to obtain an ethylene glycol solution of PVP containing sodium chloride;

Dissolve 0.5g of silver nitrate solid (the molar ratio of silver nitrate to PVP is 1:4) in 30 ml of ethylene glycol solution to obtain an ethylene glycol solution of silver nitrate;

Mix the ethylene glycol solution of PVP containing sodium chloride and the ethylene glycol solution containing silver nitrate. Stir evenly and add it to the hydrothermal kettle. Control the reaction temperature to 140°C. End the reaction after 6 hours of hydrothermal reaction. Cool to Ag NWs suspension was obtained at room temperature;

The Ag NWs suspension was centrifuged and washed with ethanol, and finally pure Ag NWs were obtained and stored in ethanol.

2. The AgNWs conductive grid is arranged on the glass surface using Meyer rods:

After the Ag NWs were coated on the glass substrate using a Meyer rod 20 times, an Ag NWs grid with a thickness of 0.5 mm was obtained.

3. Use the sol-gel method to prepare hydrophobic silica sol, and use the spin coating method to spin-coat the hydrophobic silica sol on the surface of the AgNWs conductive mesh:

Dissolve 4.2ml TEOS in 60ml absolute ethanol, stir to obtain a mixed solution, then add 4ml HMDS and 6ml distilled water, and stir to obtain a hydrophobic silica sol;

Use a spin coating machine to spin-coat the hydrophobic silica sol onto a 3cm×3cm glass sheet covered with Ag NWs conductive mesh to form a film. The spin-coating speed is 2500rmp, the acceleration is 800rmp/s ² , and the time is 15s. After spin-coating, use a heating stage. Heat at 60°C for 5 minutes.

Comparative example 2

The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that it does not contain Ag NWs conductive mesh, and the remaining parameter settings and process steps are the same as those in Example 1.

The specific method for preparing the composite coating in this comparative example is as follows:

1. Use the sol-gel method to prepare hydrophobic silica sol, and use the spin coating method to spin-coat the AZO hydrophobic sol on the surface of the glass substrate:

Dissolve 4.2ml TEOS in 60ml absolute ethanol, stir to obtain a mixed solution, then add 4ml HMDS and 6ml distilled water, and stir to obtain a hydrophobic silica sol;

Disperse 0.4g of AZO nanoparticles with a particle size of 20nm in 8g of absolute ethanol, and stir thoroughly for 30 minutes to obtain an AZO suspension;

Add 6g of hydrophobic silica sol to the AZO suspension, then add an appropriate amount of zirconium beads and stir thoroughly for 4 hours to obtain an AZO conductive superhydrophobic coating;

The AZO conductive superhydrophobic coating was spin-coated on a 3cm × 3cm glass sheet using a spin coater. The spin coating speed was 2500rmp, the acceleration was 800rmp/s2, and the time was 15s. After spin coating, it was heated at 60°C for 5 minutes.

Effect example

(1) The transmittance test was performed on the Ag NWs-AZO composite coating prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and the glass substrate. The results are shown in Figure 4. It can be seen from Figure 4 that the Ag NWs-AZO composite coating prepared in Examples 1 to 4 The composite coatings all have high transmittances. Under the process parameters of Experimental Example 3, the composite coating prepared has the highest transmittance, with an average transmittance of about 85%.

(2) The resistivity test was performed on the composite coatings prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2. The results are shown in Figure 5. It can be seen from Figure 5 that compared with Comparative Example 1, due to the AZO conductive particles With the presence of Ag NWs, the conductivity of the composite coating decreased by about 10 times; compared with Comparative Example 2, the presence of the constructed Ag NWs conductive network greatly reduced the resistivity of the coating, and the thin layer resistivity decreased by about 10,000 times.

(3) The water contact angle test was performed on the composite coatings and glass substrates prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2. The results are shown in Figure 6. It can be seen from Figure 6 that Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 Both Ratio 2 and AgNWs-AZO conductive superhydrophobic composite coatings have good hydrophobicity.

(4) Conduct an electric dust removal test on the composite coatings prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2. The test method is to first spread the charged dust evenly on the surface of the sample, and then spread the dust-covered sample Fix it on the surface of the platform, move it slowly until the dust slides off, and record the angle of inclination when it slides off. The results are shown in Figure 7. From Figure 7, it can be seen that compared with the bare glass sheet, the dust removal performance of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and the Ag NWs-AZO conductive super-hydrophobic composite coating has been improved to a certain extent. Among them, the Ag NWs-AZO conductive super-hydrophobic composite coating has a certain improvement. The hydrophobic composite coating has the best dust removal performance, and the dust removal angle is about 50°.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. In view that those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can make appropriate changes and modifications to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Some modifications and changes to the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for preparing a superhydrophobic conductive composite coating, which is characterized by comprising: S1, using silver nitrate, PVP, ethylene glycol and sodium chloride as raw materials, prepare AgNWs by solvothermal method; S2, use Meyer rod to coat AgNWs on the glass substrate multiple times to obtain Ag NWs grid; S3, disperse AZO nanoparticles in hydrophobic silica sol to obtain a colloid; S4, spin-coat the glue solution on the AgNWs grid, heat and dry to obtain a composite coating. 2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific operation process of S1 is: (1) Dissolve sodium chloride and PVP in ethylene glycol to obtain solution A; (2) Dissolve silver nitrate solution in ethylene glycol to obtain solution B; (3) Mix solution A and solution B, stir evenly and place in a hydrothermal kettle for hydrothermal reaction. After the reaction is completed, cool to room temperature to obtain Ag NWs suspension; (4) Use ethanol to centrifuge and wash the Ag NWs suspension to obtain Ag NWs, which are stored in ethanol for later use. 3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that in (3), the hydrothermal reaction temperature is 140-180°C and the time is 4-8 hours. 4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the molar ratio of silver nitrate and PVP in S1 (1-16): 8. 5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of coatings in S2 is 10 to 50 times. 6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the particle size of AZO nanoparticles in S3 is 20-100nm; the hydrophobic silica sol uses TEOS, HMDS, absolute ethanol and water as raw materials, and utilizes sol-gel Prepared by method. 7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass ratio of hydrophobic silica sol and AZO nanoparticles in S3 is (1-20):1. 8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the spin coating speed in S4 is 500-4500 rpm; the drying temperature is 60°C and the time is 5 minutes. 9. A superhydrophobic conductive composite coating prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it has superhydrophobicity and conductivity. 10. An application of the superhydrophobic conductive composite coating according to claim 9, characterized in that it is used to prevent lunar dust from adhering.