CN117362002B - High-temperature phase-change heat-storage ceramic tile with solid waste as raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature phase-change heat-storage ceramic tile with solid waste as raw material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117362002B CN117362002B CN202311638413.8A CN202311638413A CN117362002B CN 117362002 B CN117362002 B CN 117362002B CN 202311638413 A CN202311638413 A CN 202311638413A CN 117362002 B CN117362002 B CN 117362002B
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- powder
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- biscuit
- solution
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003094 microcapsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052674 natrolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 36
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 6
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010446 mirabilite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SSOLNOMRVKKSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N proguanil Chemical compound CC(C)\N=C(/N)N=C(N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 SSOLNOMRVKKSON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
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- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
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- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
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- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
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- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
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- C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
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- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage ceramic materials, and particularly relates to a high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile taking solid waste as a raw material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pretreated iron tailing powder, natrolite powder, quartz sand powder and Cr are mixed together 2 O 3 And/or chromite powder, and dry-blending Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 Wet mixing the solution and aluminum hydroxide powder, mixing the mixed materials with pretreated industrial mixed salt, and performing compression molding, drying and sintering to obtain microcapsule biscuit; fused magnesia powder, al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 Uniformly mixing the solution, the natrolite powder, the quartz sand powder, the inorganic silica gel solution and the binder to obtain slurry suspension, spraying or dipping the slurry suspension on the surface of the microcapsule biscuit, and then drying and sintering the microcapsule biscuit to obtain the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile. The invention utilizes industrial mixed salt and waste iron tailing powder as main raw materials, realizes the comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste, and has the advantages of large sensible heat potential of the ceramic brick and good heat conductivity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage ceramic materials, and particularly relates to a high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile taking solid waste as a raw material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The energy storage (heat storage) technology is one of the key technologies of renewable energy utilization, industrial kiln waste heat utilization and urban intelligent heat supply system, and the quality of the heat storage performance is often determined by the performance of the adopted energy storage material, so that the energy storage material with better structural performance and heat storage performance is developed, and the energy storage (heat storage) technology is a core problem of the development and application of the energy storage (heat storage) technology.
The energy storage technology is a technology for rectifying unsteady state heat into steady state heat, namely, the unsteady state heat is stored by using an energy storage material until the heat is needed, and then unsteady state waste heat is controllably and stably utilized, so that the difficulty of the gap of a plurality of waste heat in the iron and steel industry is overcome, and the contradiction relation of heat supply and demand mismatch is effectively solved. Therefore, the energy storage technology is applied to the steel industry, and has great theoretical and practical significance for high-quality recycling of unsteady waste heat resources.
In the field of temperature control of a high-temperature service environment in a metal smelting process, the packaged high-temperature phase-change energy storage material has heat storage performance and can keep the temperature unchanged basically in the heat storage process. If the packaged high-temperature phase-change heat storage material is used for replacing or partially replacing a conventional common refractory material permanent layer, the heat required at low temperature is supplemented by the heat absorbed by high temperature, a certain temperature control effect can be achieved, and the whole smelting process is in a relatively stable temperature environment. If the furnace lining structure is designed integrally, the service life of the permanent layer and the heat preservation layer can be prolonged, and the ideal energy-saving effect of near zero heat loss can be achieved. Therefore, the high-temperature phase-change heat storage material has very important significance in temperature control of metal smelting process in high-temperature industry.
The energy storage (heat accumulation) technology mainly comprises sensible heat energy storage, phase change (latent heat) energy storage, thermochemical/adsorption energy storage technology and the like. The thermochemical energy storage has the maximum energy storage density, but has a plurality of problems to be solved in industrial application and has a certain danger; sensible heat energy storage technology is the most mature energy storage technology (such as magnesia bricks) applied in the current market, but the sensible heat energy storage material has low heat storage density, so that the energy storage system is huge and has high cost easily; the phase change (latent heat) energy storage mainly stores heat and releases heat by means of the characteristic that the phase change material absorbs and releases heat in the phase change process, and the advantages of high thermochemical energy storage density and simple and mature sensible heat energy storage process are combined to a certain extent.
The inorganic salt phase-change energy-storage material mainly comprises various nitrates, carbonates, fluorides, hydrochlorides and mixtures thereof. In industrial production, a mixture of the materials is generally used as an energy storage material, and the melting point of the materials is adjusted by selecting the proportion of different components in mixed salt so as to adapt to working temperatures in different scenes or seek higher phase change latent heat. The melting point of the common inorganic salt mixture is generally 150-900 ℃ and can reach higher temperature, and the common inorganic salt mixture is mainly applied to the field of medium-high temperature energy storage. The latent heat (phase change) energy storage material of molten salt is composed of various acid radicals and alkaline metals, wherein common alkali metals include chloride (hydrochloride), fluoride, nitrate, carbonate, sulfate and the like, and common alkali metals include lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium and the like. The fused salt phase-change energy storage material formed by compounding is wide in variety, and compared with an organic phase-change energy storage material, the composite phase-change energy storage material has high heat storage density and higher response speed to temperature change.
Common single salts include sodium chloride, potassium chloride, lithium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and the like, the melting point of pure sodium chloride (NaCl) is 801 ℃, and the latent heat of fusion is 491kJ/kg. Sodium sulfate is an important chemical raw material, sodium sulfate is also called anhydrous sodium sulfate, anhydrous mirabilite, pure anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) Is at a melting point of 884 ℃ and a latent heat of fusion of 172kJ/kg. The main component of the industrial mixed salt is a mixture of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate, so that the environmental protection benefit of the utilization of the industrial mixed salt is great.
The industrial solid waste iron tailings are waste materials after the exploitation of iron ores and the washing of concentrating mills, and are main components of industrial solid waste materials. At present, the comprehensive utilization rate of tailings in China is only 7%, the amount of piled iron tailings is up to billions of tons, and the iron tailings account for nearly 1/3 of the total piled tailings. Therefore, the comprehensive recovery and utilization of the tailing resources can fully utilize the mineral resources, expand the utilization range of the mineral resources, and are also an important means for treating pollution and protecting ecology, so that the effective unification of the resource benefits, economic benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits is realized, and the energy conservation and environmental protection significance is also great.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims at: the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile takes solid waste as a raw material, utilizes industrial mixed salt and waste iron tailing powder as main raw materials, realizes the comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste, has large sensible heat latent heat and good heat conductivity, and can store energy and store heat to the greatest extent; the invention also provides a preparation method, the raw materials and the preparation cost are low, and the preparation process is simple and feasible, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production and application.
The preparation method of the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile with solid waste as a raw material comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the raw materials of the biscuit: ball milling and sieving iron tailing powder and industrial mixed salt respectively, and then preserving heat for 2-4 hours at 380-400 ℃ to obtain pretreated iron tailing powder and industrial mixed salt;
pretreated iron tailing powder, natrolite powder, quartz sand powder and Cr are mixed together 2 O 3 And/or chromite powder is dry mixed to obtain a mixed dry material; al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 Wet mixing and hardening the solution and aluminum hydroxide powder to obtain a mixed wet material; mixing the mixed dry material and the mixed wet material, adding pretreated industrial mixed salt, and uniformly mixing to obtain biscuit slurry;
(2) Preparing microcapsule biscuit: the biscuit slurry is molded by compression molding, and then dried, sintered and cooled to obtain microcapsule biscuit;
(3) And (5) biscuit packaging: fused magnesia powder, al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 Uniformly mixing the solution, the natrolite powder, the quartz sand powder, the inorganic silica gel solution and the binder to obtain slurry suspension, spraying or dipping the slurry suspension on the surface of the microcapsule biscuit, and then drying, sintering and cooling to obtain the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile.
The powder particle size used in the invention is between 200 and 400 meshes, preferably 300 meshes.
In the step (1), the following raw materials are used in parts by weight:
100 parts of iron tailing powder,
70-90 parts of industrial mixed salt,
Al(H 2 PO 4 ) 3 20-30 parts of a solution, wherein the solution is prepared from,
4-8 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder,
5-10 parts of natrolite powder,
5-10 parts of quartz sand powder,
Cr 2 O 3 and/or 15-20 parts of chromite powder.
Wherein, when the iron tailing powder and the industrial crude salt are pretreated, the iron tailing powder and the industrial crude salt are subjected to dry grinding for 0.5 to 2 hours by a ball mill, and then are subjected to 200 to 400-mesh screening, and are subjected to heat preservation for 2 to 4 hours in a drying oven at 380 to 400 ℃ so as to remove free water, crystal water and organic impurities contained in the iron tailing powder and the industrial crude salt.
The industrial hetero salt meets the following requirements: naCl content is 30-70wt.%, na 2 SO 4 30-70wt.% of Ca 2+ 、Mg 2+ 、TFe、F - The total content of impurities is less than or equal to 1wt.%, the content of organic matters is less than or equal to 20wt.%, and the content of water is less than or equal to 20wt.%.
The iron tailing powder meets the following requirements: the content of the iron tailings with the fineness of less than 300 meshes after filter pressing is more than or equal to 40wt percent, and SiO is adopted 2 30-60wt.%, 5-10wt.% CaO, 4-10wt.% MgO and Al 2 O 3 The content of TFe is less than or equal to 6wt.%, the total content of other impurities is 20-40wt.%, and the moisture content is less than or equal to 20wt.%.
A common feldspar mineral, the chemical molecular formula of which is Na 2 O·Al 2 O 3 ·6SiO 2 The theoretical chemical composition is as follows: na (Na) 2 O11.8%，Al 2 O 3 19.4%，SiO 2 68.8%。
The main mineral component of the quartz sand powder is SiO 2 。
The main components of the chromite powder are oxides of iron, magnesium and chromium. During the use process of the high-temperature phase-change energy-storage ceramic material, industrial mixed salt is frequently in a molten state and can be decomposed to generate chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas, and added Cr 2 O 3 Or chromite powder acts as an acidity inhibitor to prevent the production of excessive chlorine or hydrogen chloride gas.
Al(H 2 PO 4 ) 3 The concentration of the solution is 40-60wt.%; the concentration of the inorganic silica gel solution is 30-40wt.%.
Al(H 2 PO 4 ) 3 The pH of the solution is not less than 2.0, preferably at a concentration of between 40 and 60wt.%, preferably 50wt.%. The invention uses Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 When the solution and the aluminum hydroxide powder are wet mixed, a proper amount of water can be added for dilution, and the addition amount of the water is preferably Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 0.2-1 times of the mass of the solution. The pH value of the obtained mixture after wet mixing is neutral, and acidic Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 The solution (pH is more than or equal to 2.0) is added with proper amount of aluminum hydroxide powder, thus accelerating micro-processingHardening time of capsule green body, wherein Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 Too low acidity of the solution pH of 2.0 or more can result in too low strength of the microcapsule biscuit produced.
In step (1), al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 The solution and the aluminum hydroxide powder are subjected to wet mixing and then hardened for 4-6 hours.
In the step (2), during compression molding, the biscuit slurry is pressed and molded within 4 hours; the adopted mould can be a standard sample mould, a square brick mould, a Kong Xingzhuan mould and the like; when the press is operated, the pressing times are 3 times, and the pressing speed is 'one light, two and slow lifting'.
In the step (2), the temperature is kept at 100-120 ℃ for 3-4 hours, preferably, the temperature is uniformly raised to 100-120 ℃ from room temperature in 0.5-1 hour when the drying is carried out.
In the step (2), the temperature is kept for 0.5 to 2 hours at 740 to 760 ℃ during sintering, and preferably, the temperature is uniformly increased to 740 to 760 ℃ in 5 to 6 hours. When sintering, proper heating rate needs to be controlled, and if the heating is too fast, the biscuit is extremely easy to crack.
In the step (2), the cooling is carried out under natural conditions to room temperature.
In the step (3), the following raw materials are used in parts by weight:
100 parts of electric smelting magnesia powder,
Al(H 2 PO 4 ) 3 40-50 parts of a solution, wherein the solution comprises,
10-15 parts of natrolite powder,
6-10 parts of quartz sand powder,
10-16 parts of inorganic silica gel solution,
10-16 parts of adhesive.
Wherein, the fused magnesia powder is dead burned fine powder, and the purpose of selecting the fused magnesia is to improve the bonding performance; secondly, because the magnesite has higher heat conductivity coefficient, the magnesite is generally 40-60 W.m -1 ·K -1 After the magnesite is added, the heat conducting property of the finished ceramic material can be obviously improved. If light-burned magnesia (sintering at the temperature of less than or equal to 1350 ℃) is selected, the hardening speed is too high, and the slurry and the coating performance are not easy to control because the hardening is generally carried out within a few seconds.
Al(H 2 PO 4 ) 3 The pH of the solution is not less than 2.0, preferably at a concentration of between 40 and 60wt.%, preferably 50wt.%.
A common feldspar mineral, the chemical molecular formula of which is Na 2 O·Al 2 O 3 ·6SiO 2 The theoretical chemical composition is as follows: na (Na) 2 O11.8%，Al 2 O 3 19.4%，SiO 2 68.8%。
The main mineral component of the quartz sand powder is SiO 2 。
The concentration of the inorganic silica gel solution is 30-40wt.%, preferably 35wt.%. The average pore diameter of inorganic silica gel is 2-3nm, and the specific surface area is 650-800m 2 The addition of inorganic silica gel per gram can improve the adhesive properties.
The binder is one or more of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), methylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylic acid. The viscosity of the adhesive is 10000-20000 Pa.s at 25 ℃.
In the step (3), when the slurry suspension is sprayed on the surface of the microcapsule biscuit in a spraying mode, a spray gun is generally adopted for spraying; when the slurry suspension is impregnated onto the surface of the microcapsule biscuit by impregnation, it is generally impregnated for 1 to 5 seconds.
In the step (3), the temperature is kept at 100-120 ℃ for 3-4 hours, preferably, the temperature is uniformly raised to 100-120 ℃ from room temperature in 0.5-1 hour when the drying is carried out.
In the step (3), during sintering, the temperature is kept at 820-850 ℃ for 0.5-2h, and preferably, the temperature is uniformly raised to 820-850 ℃ in 5-6 h. When sintering, proper heating rate is required to be controlled, the heating rate is required to be not higher than 120 ℃/h, and if the heating rate is too high (more than 200 ℃/h), the packaging layer is easy to crack.
In the step (3), the cooling is carried out under natural conditions to the room temperature.
In the process of sintering the microcapsule biscuit, a small amount of organic matters or crystal water overflows in a gas mode, so that the organic matters and the residual crystal water in the ceramic capsule are removed, and the finally prepared high-temperature phase-change energy-storage ceramic material is packaged in future use, and some residual or industrial impurity salt is melted to generate some gas which is attached to the inner wall of the microcapsule due to the action of a capillary tube, so that the gas cannot overflow out of the finished ceramic tile.
The invention also provides the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile prepared by the preparation method, and the volume density is 2.0-2.2g/cm 3 (GB/T2997-2015), normal-temperature compressive strength not less than 7MPa (GB/T5072-2008), high-temperature flexural strength not less than 0.83MPa (GB/T3002-2017) under the condition of 800 ℃ multiplied by 0.5h, and heat conductivity not less than 40 W.m -1 ·K -1 。
The hydrochloride has large phase change latent heat, the temperature change during phase change is small and easy to control, but a large amount of molten salt is generated during the phase change of the hydrochloride, and the outflow of the molten salt can cause strong corrosion to containers and equipment. The alumina ceramic material has high compressive strength and good compactness, and has good high temperature resistance and chemical stability, and the property of the alumina ceramic material can exactly compensate the defect of the fused salt as the phase change material. The high-temperature phase-change heat-storage ceramic tile is formed by compounding an alumina ceramic matrix material and a hydrochloride phase-change material, a compact micro-network structure is formed on the surface of the ceramic material in the high-temperature sintering process, and capillary force generated by the compact micro-network structure can adsorb high-temperature molten salt in the alumina ceramic matrix.
In addition, in the field of temperature control of a high-temperature service environment in a metal smelting process, the packaged high-temperature phase-change energy storage material has heat storage performance and can keep the temperature unchanged basically in the heat storage process. The encapsulated high-temperature phase change heat storage material is used for replacing or partially replacing a conventional common refractory material permanent layer, and the heat required at low temperature is supplemented by the heat absorbed by high temperature, so that a certain temperature control effect can be achieved, and the whole smelting process is in a relatively stable temperature environment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The ceramic tile is prepared by using industrial mixed salt and waste iron tailing powder as main raw materials, the raw materials and the manufacturing cost are low, the comprehensive utilization of industrial solid waste is realized, the prepared ceramic tile is formed by compounding an alumina ceramic matrix material and a hydrochloride phase-change material, wherein the phase-change latent heat of the hydrochloride is large, and the temperature change during phase change is small, so that the ceramic tile can store energy and store heat to the greatest extent;
(2) The ceramic tile is packaged on the surface of the ceramic tile, and the ceramic film packaging material on the outer surface has good strong alkali and acid corrosion resistance, does not crack in the cold and hot circulation process, and prolongs the service life of the ceramic tile;
(3) The volume density of the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile prepared by the invention is 2.0-2.2g/cm 3 The normal temperature compressive strength is more than or equal to 5MPa, the high temperature flexural strength is more than or equal to 0.7MPa under the condition of 800 ℃ multiplied by 0.5h, and the heat conductivity coefficient is more than or equal to 40 W.m -1 ·K -1 Has higher normal temperature compressive strength and excellent energy storage and heat storage functions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microscopic morphology diagram of a high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a DSC chart of the high temperature phase change thermal storage ceramic tile prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, wherein the raw materials used in the examples are commercially available conventional raw materials unless otherwise specified; the process used in the examples, unless otherwise specified, is conventional in the art.
In the examples, the industrial hetero salts employed meet the following requirements: naCl content is 30-70wt.%, na 2 SO 4 30-70wt.% of Ca 2+ 、Mg 2+ 、TFe、F - The total content of impurities is less than or equal to 1wt.%, the content of organic matters is less than or equal to 20wt.%, and the content of water is less than or equal to 20wt.%.
In the examples, the iron tailing powder used meets the following requirements: the content of the iron tailings with the fineness of less than 300 meshes after filter pressing is more than or equal to 40wt percent, and SiO is adopted 2 30-60wt.%, 5-10wt.% CaO, 4-10wt.% MgO and Al 2 O 3 The content of TFe is less than or equal to 6wt.%, the total content of other impurities is 20-40wt.%, and the moisture content is less than or equal to 20wt.%.
In the examples, the powder particle sizes used were all between 200 and 400 mesh.
In the embodiment, the initial melting temperature, the initial solidification temperature, the melting phase transition enthalpy and the solidification phase transition enthalpy of the high-temperature phase-change energy storage ceramic material are tested by a differential scanning calorimeter DSC, the temperature range is 30-900 ℃, and the heating rate is 10 ℃/min; the volume density is tested according to the standard GB/T2997-2015, the normal-temperature compressive strength is tested according to the standard GB/T5072-2008, and the high-temperature flexural strength under the condition of 800 ℃ multiplied by 0.5h is tested according to the standard GB/T3002-2017.
Example 1
The preparation method of the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the raw materials of the biscuit:
dry grinding the iron tailing powder and the industrial mixed salt for 1h by a ball mill, sieving with a 300-mesh sieve, and preserving heat at 390 ℃ for 2h to obtain pretreated iron tailing powder and industrial mixed salt;
weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of pretreated iron tailing powder, 80 parts of pretreated industrial mixed salt and Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 25 parts of solution (concentration 50 wt.%), 6 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder, 8 parts of natrolite powder, 7 parts of quartz sand powder and Cr 2 O 3 18 parts of powder;
weighing pretreated iron tailing powder, natrolite powder, quartz sand powder and Cr 2 O 3 Carrying out dry mixing on the powder to obtain a mixed dry material;
al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 Adding water with the mass of 0.5 times of that of the solution to dilute the solution, adding aluminum hydroxide powder to mix, placing the mixture in good ventilation and hardening the mixture for 5 hours to obtain a mixed wet material;
mixing the mixed dry material and the mixed wet material, adding the pretreated industrial mixed salt, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biscuit slurry.
(2) Preparing microcapsule biscuit:
adopting a standard sample mould (the diameter is 50mm, the height is 50mm, according to GB/T5072-2008), semi-drying and compression molding the biscuit slurry on a press machine, raising the temperature to 120 ℃ from room temperature at a constant speed for 0.5h, then preserving heat for 3h, and drying; 6h, uniformly heating to 750 ℃ from room temperature, then preserving heat for 1h, and sintering; and then naturally cooling to room temperature at constant speed to obtain the microcapsule biscuit.
(3) And (5) biscuit packaging:
weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of fused magnesia powder and Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 50 parts of solution (concentration 50 wt.%), 12 parts of natrolite powder, 8 parts of quartz sand powder, 15 parts of inorganic silica gel solution (concentration 35 wt.%) and 12 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain slurry suspension, spraying the slurry suspension on the surface of a microcapsule biscuit, uniformly heating the microcapsule biscuit sprayed with the slurry suspension to 120 ℃ from room temperature for 0.5h, then preserving heat for 3h, and drying; 6h, uniformly heating to 830 ℃ from room temperature, then preserving heat for 1h, sintering, and naturally cooling to room temperature at uniform speed to obtain the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile.
The microcosmic appearance diagram of the prepared high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile is shown in figure 1, and the DSC test result of the differential scanning calorimeter is shown in figure 2. Through test, the initial melting temperature of the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile is 624.3 ℃, the melting phase-change enthalpy is 129.7J/g, the initial solidification temperature is 617.0 ℃, the solidification phase-change enthalpy is 127.1J/g, and the volume density is 2.02g/cm 3 The normal temperature compressive strength is 7.0MPa, the high temperature flexural strength is 0.83MPa under the condition of 800 ℃ multiplied by 0.5h, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 41.5 W.m -1 ·K -1 。
Example 2
The preparation method of the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the raw materials of the biscuit:
dry grinding the iron tailing powder and the industrial mixed salt for 2 hours by a ball mill respectively, sieving by a 400-mesh sieve, and preserving heat for 4 hours at 380 ℃ to obtain pretreated iron tailing powder and industrial mixed salt;
weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of pretreated iron tailing powder, 70 parts of pretreated industrial mixed salt and Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 30 parts of solution (with the concentration of 40 wt.%), 8 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder, 10 parts of natrolite powder, 5 parts of quartz sand powder and Cr 2 O 3 15 parts of powder;
weighing pretreated iron tailing powder, natrolite powder and stoneQuartz sand powder, cr 2 O 3 Carrying out dry mixing on the powder to obtain a mixed dry material;
al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 Adding water with the mass of 0.5 times of that of the solution to dilute the solution, adding aluminum hydroxide powder to mix, placing the mixture in good ventilation and hardening the mixture for 6 hours to obtain mixed wet material;
mixing the mixed dry material and the mixed wet material, adding the pretreated industrial mixed salt, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biscuit slurry.
(2) Preparing microcapsule biscuit:
adopting a standard sample mould (200 mm is multiplied by 53mm is multiplied by 35 mm), semi-drying and press forming the biscuit slurry on a 160 ton press, heating to 100 ℃ from room temperature at constant speed for 1h, then preserving heat for 4h, and drying; 5h, uniformly heating to 740 ℃ from room temperature, then preserving heat for 2h, and sintering; and then naturally cooling to room temperature at constant speed to obtain the microcapsule biscuit.
(3) And (5) biscuit packaging:
weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of fused magnesia powder and Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 50 parts of solution (with the concentration of 40 wt.%) 10 parts of natrolite powder, 10 parts of quartz sand powder, 10 parts of inorganic silica gel solution (with the concentration of 40 wt.%) and 16 parts of methylcellulose;
uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain slurry suspension, spraying the slurry suspension on the surface of a microcapsule biscuit, uniformly heating the microcapsule biscuit sprayed with the slurry suspension from room temperature to 100 ℃ for 1h, then preserving heat for 4h, and drying; and 5h, uniformly heating to 820 ℃ from room temperature, then preserving heat for 2h, sintering, and naturally cooling to room temperature at uniform speed to obtain the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile.
Through test, the initial melting temperature of the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile is 618.5 ℃, the melting phase-change enthalpy is 125.4J/g, the initial solidification temperature is 616.2 ℃, the solidification phase-change enthalpy is 124.8J/g, and the volume density is 2.04g/cm 3 The normal temperature compressive strength is 7.3MPa, the high temperature flexural strength is 0.84MPa under the condition of 800 ℃ multiplied by 0.5h, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 41.0 W.m -1 ·K -1 。
Example 3
The preparation method of the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the raw materials of the biscuit:
dry grinding the iron tailing powder and the industrial mixed salt for 0.5h through a ball mill, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and preserving heat at 400 ℃ for 3h to obtain pretreated iron tailing powder and industrial mixed salt;
weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of pretreated iron tailing powder, 90 parts of pretreated industrial mixed salt and Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 20 parts of solution (with the concentration of 60 wt.%), 4 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder, 5 parts of natrolite powder, 10 parts of quartz sand powder and 18 parts of chromite powder;
dry-mixing the weighed pretreated iron tailing powder, the natrolite powder, the quartz sand powder and the chromite powder to obtain a mixed dry material;
al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 Adding water with the mass of 0.2 times of that of the solution to dilute the solution, adding aluminum hydroxide powder to mix, placing the mixture in good ventilation and hardening the mixture for 4 hours to obtain a mixed wet material;
mixing the mixed dry material and the mixed wet material, adding the pretreated industrial mixed salt, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biscuit slurry.
(2) Preparing microcapsule biscuit:
adopting a standard sample mould (220 mm multiplied by 80mm multiplied by 65 mm), semi-drying and pressing the biscuit slurry on a 400 ton press to form, heating to 120 ℃ from room temperature at constant speed for 0.5h, then preserving heat for 3h, and drying; 6h, uniformly heating to 760 ℃ from room temperature, then preserving heat for 0.5h, and sintering; and then naturally cooling to room temperature at constant speed to obtain the microcapsule biscuit.
(3) And (5) biscuit packaging:
weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of fused magnesia powder and Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 45 parts of solution (with the concentration of 60 wt.%), 12 parts of natrolite powder, 8 parts of quartz sand powder, 14 parts of inorganic silica gel solution (with the concentration of 30 wt.%) and 13 parts of polyacrylic acid;
uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain slurry suspension, spraying the slurry suspension on the surface of a microcapsule biscuit, uniformly heating the microcapsule biscuit sprayed with the slurry suspension to 120 ℃ from room temperature for 0.5h, then preserving heat for 3h, and drying; 6h, uniformly heating to 850 ℃ from room temperature, then preserving heat for 0.5h, sintering, and naturally cooling to room temperature at uniform speed to obtain the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile.
Through test, the initial melting temperature of the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile is 628.0 ℃, the melting phase-change enthalpy is 130.2J/g, the initial solidification temperature is 618.5 ℃, the solidification phase-change enthalpy is 129.3J/g, and the volume density is 2.12g/cm 3 The normal temperature compressive strength is 7.7MPa, the high temperature flexural strength is 0.86MPa under the condition of 800 ℃ multiplied by 0.5h, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 41.6 W.m -1 ·K -1 。
Example 4
The preparation method of the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the raw materials of the biscuit:
dry grinding the iron tailing powder and the industrial mixed salt for 1h by a ball mill, sieving with a 300-mesh sieve, and preserving heat at 390 ℃ for 2h to obtain pretreated iron tailing powder and industrial mixed salt;
weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of pretreated, 85 parts of pretreated industrial mixed salt and Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 25 parts of solution (concentration 50 wt.%), 5 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder, 8 parts of sodium feldspar powder, 8 parts of quartz sand powder and 20 parts of chromite powder;
dry-mixing the weighed iron tailing powder, the fine sodium feldspar powder, the quartz sand powder and the chromite powder to obtain a mixed dry material;
al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 Adding water with the mass 1 time of the solution to dilute, adding aluminum hydroxide powder to mix, placing the mixture in good ventilation, and hardening the mixture for 5 hours to obtain a mixed wet material;
mixing the mixed dry material and the mixed wet material, adding the pretreated industrial mixed salt, and uniformly mixing to obtain the biscuit slurry.
(2) Preparing microcapsule biscuit:
adopting a standard sample mould (220 mm multiplied by 200mm multiplied by 76mm,20 Kong Xingzhuan), semi-drying and pressing the biscuit slurry on a 400 ton press to form, raising the temperature to 120 ℃ from room temperature at constant speed for 0.5h, then preserving heat for 3h, and drying; 6h, uniformly heating to 750 ℃ from room temperature, then preserving heat for 1h, and sintering; and then naturally cooling to room temperature at constant speed to obtain the microcapsule biscuit.
(3) And (5) biscuit packaging:
weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of fused magnesia powder and Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 40 parts of solution (with the concentration of 50 wt.%), 15 parts of natrolite powder, 6 parts of quartz sand powder, 16 parts of inorganic silica gel solution (with the concentration of 35 wt.%) and 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol;
uniformly mixing the raw materials to obtain slurry suspension, spraying the slurry suspension on the surface of a microcapsule biscuit, uniformly heating the microcapsule biscuit sprayed with the slurry suspension to 120 ℃ from room temperature for 0.5h, then preserving heat for 3h, and drying; 6h, uniformly heating to 830 ℃ from room temperature, then preserving heat for 1h, sintering, and naturally cooling to room temperature at uniform speed to obtain the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile.
Through test, the initial melting temperature of the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile is 624.7 ℃, the melting phase-change enthalpy is 130.9J/g, the initial solidification temperature is 617.4 ℃, the solidification phase-change enthalpy is 128.8J/g, and the volume density is 2.14g/cm 3 The normal temperature compressive strength is 7.8MPa, the high temperature flexural strength is 0.88MPa under the condition of 800 ℃ multiplied by 0.5h, and the heat conductivity coefficient is 40.8 W.m -1 ·K -1 。
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile with solid waste as a raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing the raw materials of the biscuit: ball milling and sieving iron tailing powder and industrial mixed salt respectively, and then preserving heat for 2-4 hours at 380-400 ℃ to obtain pretreated iron tailing powder and industrial mixed salt;
pretreated iron tailing powder, natrolite powder, quartz sand powder and Cr are mixed together 2 O 3 And/or chromite powder is dry mixed to obtain a mixed dry material; al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 Wet mixing and hardening the solution and aluminum hydroxide powder to obtain a mixed wet material; mixing the mixed dry material and the mixed wet material, adding pretreated industrial mixed salt, and uniformly mixing to obtain biscuit slurry;
(2) Preparing microcapsule biscuit: the biscuit slurry is molded by compression molding, and then dried, sintered and cooled to obtain microcapsule biscuit;
(3) And (5) biscuit packaging: fused magnesia powder, al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 Uniformly mixing the solution, the natrolite powder, the quartz sand powder, the inorganic silica gel solution and the binder to obtain slurry suspension, spraying or dipping the slurry suspension on the surface of the microcapsule biscuit, and then drying, sintering and cooling to obtain the high-temperature phase-change heat-storage ceramic tile;
in the step (1), the following raw materials are used in parts by weight: 100 parts of iron tailing powder, 70-90 parts of industrial mixed salt and Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 20-30 parts of solution, 4-8 parts of aluminum hydroxide powder, 5-10 parts of natrolite powder, 5-10 parts of quartz sand powder and Cr 2 O 3 And/or 15-20 parts of chromite powder;
the industrial hetero salt meets the following requirements: naCl content is 30-70wt.%, na 2 SO 4 30-70wt.% of Ca 2+ 、Mg 2+ 、TFe、F - The total content of impurities is less than or equal to 1wt.%, the content of organic matters is less than or equal to 20wt.%, the content of water is less than or equal to 20wt.%, and the total content is 100wt.%;
the iron tailing powder meets the following requirements: siO (SiO) 2 30-60wt.%, 5-10wt.% CaO, 4-10wt.% MgO and Al 2 O 3 10-20wt.%, TFe content less than or equal to 6wt.%, total content of other impurities 20-40wt.%, moisture content less than or equal to 20wt.%, the total of the above contents being 100wt.%; wherein the content of the iron tailings after filter pressing, the fineness of which is less than 300 meshes, is more than or equal to 40wt.%;
in the step (2), during drying, the temperature is kept at 100-120 ℃ for 3-4 hours, and the temperature is uniformly raised to 100-120 ℃ from room temperature within 0.5-1 hour; during sintering, preserving heat for 0.5-2h at 740-760 ℃, and uniformly raising the temperature to 740-760 ℃ in the time of 5-6 h;
in the step (3), during drying, the temperature is kept at 100-120 ℃ for 3-4 hours, and the temperature is uniformly raised to 100-120 ℃ from room temperature within 0.5-1 hour; during sintering, the temperature is kept at 820-850 ℃ for 0.5-2h, and the temperature is uniformly increased to 820-850 ℃ within 5-6 h;
in the step (3), the following raw materials are used in parts by weight: 100 parts of fused magnesia powder and Al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 40-50 parts of solution, 10-15 parts of natrolite powder, 6-10 parts of quartz sand powder, 10-16 parts of inorganic silica gel solution and 10-16 parts of binder.
2. The method for preparing the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile by taking solid wastes as raw materials, according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 The concentration of the solution is 40-60wt.%; the concentration of the inorganic silica gel solution is 30-40wt.%.
3. The method for preparing the high-temperature phase-change heat storage ceramic tile by taking solid wastes as raw materials, according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: in step (1), al (H) 2 PO 4 ) 3 The solution and the aluminum hydroxide powder are subjected to wet mixing and then hardened for 4-6 hours.
4. A high temperature phase change thermal storage ceramic tile prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the volume density is 2.0-2.2g/cm 3 The normal temperature compressive strength is more than or equal to 7MPa, the high temperature flexural strength is more than or equal to 0.83MPa under the condition of 800 ℃ multiplied by 0.5h, and the heat conductivity coefficient is more than or equal to 40 W.m -1 ·K -1 。
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP0918045A1 (en) * | 1997-02-18 | 1999-05-26 | Mikuni Corporation | Ceramic granules |
| CN113754420A (en) * | 2021-09-11 | 2021-12-07 | 刘浩 | Fire-resistant and wear-resistant ceramic tile and preparation method thereof |
| CN113845348A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2021-12-28 | 嘉华特种水泥股份有限公司 | Iron tailing light phase-change concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN114014602A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-08 | 国网甘肃省电力公司建设分公司 | Self-repairing cement-based material and preparation method and test method thereof |
| CN114716230A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-07-08 | 广东简一(集团)陶瓷有限公司 | Ceramic tile with high toughness and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101810973B (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2012-05-23 | 济南圣泉倍进陶瓷过滤器有限公司 | Filter for filtering molten metal and manufacturing method thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0918045A1 (en) * | 1997-02-18 | 1999-05-26 | Mikuni Corporation | Ceramic granules |
| CN113754420A (en) * | 2021-09-11 | 2021-12-07 | 刘浩 | Fire-resistant and wear-resistant ceramic tile and preparation method thereof |
| CN113845348A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2021-12-28 | 嘉华特种水泥股份有限公司 | Iron tailing light phase-change concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN114014602A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-02-08 | 国网甘肃省电力公司建设分公司 | Self-repairing cement-based material and preparation method and test method thereof |
| CN114716230A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-07-08 | 广东简一(集团)陶瓷有限公司 | Ceramic tile with high toughness and preparation method thereof |
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