CN112079643A - Refractory castable for coal-fired boiler and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Refractory castable for coal-fired boiler and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112079643A CN112079643A CN202010800134.7A CN202010800134A CN112079643A CN 112079643 A CN112079643 A CN 112079643A CN 202010800134 A CN202010800134 A CN 202010800134A CN 112079643 A CN112079643 A CN 112079643A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052849 andalusite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005551 calcium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011083 sodium citrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 vines and branches Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
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- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/101—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
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- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
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- C04B35/62213—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse using rice material, e.g. bran or hulls or husks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
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- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
- C04B2235/3222—Aluminates other than alumino-silicates, e.g. spinel (MgAl2O4)
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- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/349—Clays, e.g. bentonites, smectites such as montmorillonite, vermiculites or kaolines, e.g. illite, talc or sepiolite
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- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
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Abstract
The invention discloses a refractory castable for a coal-fired boiler and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of refractory materials, wherein the refractory castable for the coal-fired boiler comprises the following components in parts by mass: refractory aggregate: 50-70% of lightweight aggregate: 0-20%, refractory powder: 5-10% of fly ash: 0-8% of andalusite powder: 5-10% of pore-forming agent: 0-8%, silicon oxide micro powder: 3-5% of alumina micropowder: 5-10% of a binder: 3-5% of a water reducing agent: 0.05 to 0.2 percent. The material has good thermal insulation performance, can reduce heat dissipation loss and coal consumption, has high temperature resistance, high strength and good wear resistance, can play a role in protecting a coal-fired boiler, and effectively prolongs the service life of the coal-fired boiler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refractory materials, in particular to a refractory castable for a coal-fired boiler and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The total amount of thermal power generation in China in 2018 reaches 49794.7 hundred million kilowatt hours, which accounts for 73.23% of the total amount of power generation in China, and according to expert prediction, thermal power generation is still the main factor in China in 30-50 years in the future. Along with the increasing demand of society for energy, the emission of pollutants generated in thermal power generation is continuously increased, the environmental problems of air pollution, greenhouse effect and the like are increasingly prominent, and the environmental protection pressure is continuously increased. However, according to the energy structure condition of China, the proportion of thermal power generation in power production cannot be changed in a short period, so that large power production enterprises invest a large amount of manpower and capital to upgrade and transform the existing equipment according to the problems of the large power production enterprises, so that the energy consumption is reduced, and the pollutant emission is reduced.
Many enterprises take improvement measures in the aspects of combustion mechanisms, waste heat utilization and the like, but the traditional refractory materials such as clay bricks, high-alumina bricks, diatomite bricks, rock wool and the like are still used on boiler linings, the temperature of boiler shells is high, the heat dissipation loss is large, the coal consumption is high, and the requirements of heat preservation and energy conservation can not be met. And traditional brick structure, the seam is more, and the furnace lining wholeness is poor, influences life, and the seam also is one of the reasons that lead to the heat dissipation loss.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a novel refractory material for a coal-fired boiler, which can achieve the effects of heat insulation and heat preservation while meeting the requirements of high temperature resistance, high strength, good wear resistance and the like of a furnace lining, and achieve the purposes of saving energy, reducing consumption and prolonging the service life of the boiler.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of related products in the prior art, the invention provides the refractory castable for the coal-fired boiler, which has the advantages of good thermal insulation performance, capability of reducing heat dissipation loss and reducing coal consumption, high temperature resistance, high strength and good wear resistance, can play a role in protecting the coal-fired boiler, and effectively prolongs the service life of the coal-fired boiler.
The invention provides a refractory castable for a coal-fired boiler, which comprises the following components in parts by mass: refractory aggregate: 50-70% of lightweight aggregate: 0-20%, refractory powder: 5-10% of fly ash: 0-8% of andalusite powder: 5-10% of pore-forming agent: 0-8%, silicon oxide micro powder: 3-5% of alumina micropowder: 5-10% of a binder: 3-5% of a water reducing agent: 0.05 to 0.2 percent.
In some embodiments of the invention, the refractory aggregate is one or more of corundum, mullite and bauxite chamotte, and the particle size of the refractory aggregate is in the range of 0.088-12 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the lightweight aggregate is a fly ash ceramsite, and the particle size of the lightweight aggregate is in a range of 0.088-3 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the fly ash ceramsite is 75% of fly ash and 25% of clay, and is prepared by metering, blending, stirring, pelletizing, roasting, cooling and screening.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the refractory powder is one or more of corundum, mullite, and bauxite chamotte, and the particle size of the refractory powder is less than 0.074 mm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the pore-forming agent is powder of rice hulls, straws, vines or branches, and the powder is obtained by drying, crushing and sieving, wherein the particle size of the pore-forming agent is less than 0.55 mm.
In certain embodiments of the invention, the binding agent is an aluminate cement.
In certain embodiments of the present invention, the water reducing agent is one of calcium lignosulfonate, sodium citrate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, and polycarboxylate.
In certain embodiments of the invention, the fly ash particle size is less than 0.074mm, the andalusite powder particle size is less than 0.074mm, the silica micropowder particle size is less than 0.02mm, and the alumina micropowder particle size is less than 0.02 mm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the refractory castable for the coal-fired boiler, which is applied to any one of the refractory castable for the coal-fired boiler, and comprises the following steps:
the preparation method comprises the steps of metering and proportioning refractory aggregate, lightweight aggregate, refractory powder, fly ash, andalusite powder, a pore-forming agent, silicon oxide micro powder, alumina micro powder, a bonding agent and a water reducing agent according to a limited requirement, stirring for 10-15 minutes until the materials are uniformly mixed, adding water accounting for 6% of the total weight of the raw materials, continuing stirring for 5 minutes, pouring the stirred castable into a mold, inserting a vibrating rod for vibration, and forming the boiler lining after maintenance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the refractory castable prepared by using the refractory aggregate, the lightweight aggregate, the refractory powder, the fly ash and the like as raw materials has the advantages of light weight, high refractoriness, wear resistance, high strength, low heat conductivity coefficient and the like, and can reduce the dead weight of a furnace lining, bear higher temperature in the furnace, reduce the influence caused by high-temperature flame and flue gas scouring, prolong the service life of the furnace lining and reduce the capital construction cost when being applied to the furnace top, the furnace wall and other parts of a coal-fired boiler.
2. The invention has good heat preservation and insulation performance, can prevent the boiler shell from red and deforming caused by overheating, simultaneously reduces heat dissipation loss, reduces coal consumption, and achieves the purposes of saving energy, reducing consumption and prolonging the service life of the boiler.
3. The invention realizes the resource utilization of the solid waste fly ash of the power plant and agricultural wastes such as rice hulls, straws, vines, branches and the like, reduces the environmental pollution and lowers the production cost of the castable.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. This invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present disclosure is set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding thereof. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides the following general ideas:
at present, with the continuous rising of energy price and the problems of environmental pollution and the like, the energy conservation and consumption reduction of high-temperature boilers are increasingly emphasized. Many enterprises take improvement measures in the aspects of combustion mechanisms, waste heat utilization and the like, but the traditional refractory materials such as clay bricks, high-alumina bricks, diatomite bricks, rock wool and the like are still used on boiler linings, the temperature of boiler shells is high, the heat dissipation loss is large, the coal consumption is high, and the requirements of heat preservation and energy conservation can not be met. And traditional brick structure, the seam is more, and the furnace lining wholeness is poor, influences life, and the seam also is one of the reasons that lead to the heat dissipation loss.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a novel refractory material for a coal-fired boiler, which can achieve the effects of heat insulation and heat preservation while meeting the requirements of high temperature resistance, high strength, good wear resistance and the like of a furnace lining, and achieve the purposes of saving energy, reducing consumption and prolonging the service life of the boiler.
Based on the above, the present application provides a refractory castable material for a coal-fired boiler, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
50-70% of refractory aggregate;
0-20% of lightweight aggregate;
5-10% of refractory powder;
0-8% of fly ash;
5-10% of andalusite powder;
0-8% of pore-forming agent;
3-5% of silicon oxide micro powder;
5-10% of alumina micro powder;
3-5% of a binding agent;
0.05-0.2% of water reducing agent.
The fireproof aggregate is one or more of corundum, mullite and bauxite chamotte, the lightweight aggregate is fly ash ceramsite, the fireproof powder is one or more of corundum, mullite and bauxite chamotte, the pore-forming agent is powder prepared from agricultural wastes such as rice hulls, straws, vines and branches, the binding agent is aluminate cement, and the water reducing agent is one or more of calcium lignosulfonate, sodium citrate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate and polycarboxylate.
The particle size range of the refractory aggregate is 0.088-12 mm, the particle size range of the lightweight aggregate is 0.088-3 mm, the particle size of the refractory powder is less than 0.074mm, the particle size of the fly ash is less than 0.074mm, the particle size of the andalusite powder is less than 0.074mm, the particle size of the pore-forming agent is less than 0.55mm, the particle size of the silica micropowder is less than 0.02mm, and the particle size of the alumina micropowder is less than 0.02 mm.
The lightweight aggregate (fly ash ceramsite) is prepared by weighing 75% of fly ash and 25% of clay, mixing, stirring, pelletizing, roasting, cooling and screening.
The pore-forming agent is a powdery material obtained by drying, crushing and sieving agricultural wastes such as rice hulls, straws, vines, branches and the like serving as raw materials.
The refractory aggregate plays a skeleton role in the refractory material, is a main raw material in the refractory castable, and plays a decisive role in various performance indexes of the refractory castable. The corundum, mullite and bauxite chamotte are selected as the aggregate, and the corundum, mullite and bauxite chamotte composite material has the advantages of high temperature resistance, high strength, small thermal expansion, good thermal shock resistance, strong chemical erosion resistance, good wear resistance and the like. Provides high mechanical strength and high temperature resistance for the refractory castable. According to a large amount of test data, the addition amount of the refractory aggregate is preferably 50-70%, and when the addition amount exceeds or is lower than the range, the raw material particles cannot form closest packing, so that the strength and other properties of the material are influenced.
The lightweight aggregate is the fly ash ceramsite and is prepared by taking the fly ash as the main raw material, so that the resource utilization of industrial solid waste is realized. The fly ash ceramsite mainly comprises silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, and has the advantages of high strength, small density, good heat insulation, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance and the like due to hard appearance and more micropores inside. The refractory castable prepared by the method can obviously reduce the heat conductivity coefficient of the material. The addition amount is preferably 0-20%, and the volume density of the refractory castable is excessively reduced when the addition amount exceeds the range, so that the mechanical property is influenced.
The refractory powder and the aggregate are prepared in proportion and filled in the gaps of the aggregate to form closest accumulation, so that the material is compact and better service performance is obtained. According to a large amount of test data, the addition amount of the refractory powder is preferably 5-10%, and when the addition amount exceeds or is lower than the range, the raw material particles cannot form closest packing, so that the strength and other properties of the material are influenced.
The main components of the fly ash are silicon dioxide and alumina, and with the development of the power industry, the emission amount of the fly ash is increased year by year, and is about 4 hundred million tons at present. The fly ash is treated by stacking, so that land resources are occupied, the environment is polluted, dust pollution is generated, and the heavy metal in underground water exceeds the standard. The fly ash is used as a raw material, so that not only can the recycling of industrial solid waste be realized, but also the high-temperature resistance of the refractory castable can be improved. The addition amount is preferably 0 to 8%.
The andalusite powder is converted into acicular mullite after being heated to 1350 ℃, so that a mullite network is formed, and the mechanical strength, the chemical stability, the thermal impact resistance and the slag corrosion resistance of the material can be improved along with volume expansion. Inorganic substances contained in the casting material can cause the material to shrink at high temperature, and the material is easy to crack and peel. By utilizing the volume expansion characteristic of andalusite, the refractory castable can keep stable volume after being sintered at high temperature, and the service life of the material is prolonged. The addition amount is preferably 5 to 10%.
The pore-forming agent enables the interior of the material to generate a microporous structure, reduces the density of the material and improves the heat-insulating property of the material. The pore-forming agent is prepared from agricultural wastes such as rice hulls, straws, vines and branches, so that the resource treatment of the agricultural wastes is realized, and the damage of 'burn-in' to the ecological environment, such as air pollution, great reduction of the regeneration capacity of burned land plants, serious water and soil loss, fire hazard and the like can be avoided. The addition amount of the pore-forming agent is preferably 0-8%, and if the addition amount exceeds the range, the pores in the material are too much, so that the mechanical property is influenced.
The silicon oxide micro powder can react with the alumina micro powder to form a mullite phase under a high temperature condition, so that the high temperature resistance and the mechanical property of the material are enhanced. The addition amount of the silica micro powder is preferably 3-5%, and the generation of the mullite phase is influenced when the addition amount exceeds the range.
The alumina micropowder can improve the strength and corrosion resistance of the refractory castable, can react with the silica micropowder at high temperature to form a mullite phase, and enhances the high temperature resistance and mechanical properties of the material. The addition amount of the alumina micro powder is preferably 5-10%, and the generation of the mullite phase is influenced when the addition amount exceeds the range.
The binding agent is aluminate cement, and has the characteristics of rapid hardening, high strength, high refractoriness and the like. The materials are cemented by the hydration reaction of the cement and the water, so that the refractory castable has certain structural strength. The addition amount of the aluminate cement is preferably 3-5%, and if the addition amount is less than the range, the normal temperature strength of the material is difficult to reach the standard. Above this range, the water addition for construction increases, leading to increased material pores; excessive hydrate is generated, and the hydrate is dehydrated during medium-temperature baking, so that the strength of the material is reduced; the cement contains calcium oxide, and the high-temperature performance of the cement is influenced by the excessive addition amount of the calcium oxide.
The water reducing agent has a dispersing effect, can reduce the unit cement consumption and the mixing water consumption, and improves the fluidity of the material. The addition amount is preferably 0.05 to 0.2%.
The refractory castable for a coal-fired boiler according to the present application will be described in detail with reference to examples and experimental data.
Example 1
A refractory castable for a coal-fired boiler is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
8% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of 12-8 mm;
12% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of 8-5 mm;
15% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of 5-3 mm;
12% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
6% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of less than 1-0.088 mm;
5% of fly ash ceramsite with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
10% of fly ash ceramsite with the granularity of less than 1-0.088 mm;
7 percent of corundum powder with the granularity of less than 0.074 mm;
andalusite powder with the granularity of less than 0.074mm 5 percent;
7% of pore-forming agent with the granularity less than 0.55 mm;
3 percent of silicon oxide micro powder with the granularity less than 0.02 mm;
5% of alumina micropowder with the granularity less than 0.02 mm;
5% of CA60 cement;
FS200.2％。
and (2) metering and batching the raw materials in the step (1) according to the limited requirements, stirring for 10-15 minutes until the raw materials are uniformly mixed, adding water accounting for 6% of the total weight of the raw materials, continuously stirring for 5 minutes, pouring the stirred castable into a mold, inserting a vibrating rod for vibration, and forming the boiler lining after maintenance.
Example 2
A refractory castable for a coal-fired boiler is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
10% of mullite aggregate with the granularity of 12-8 mm;
10% of mullite aggregate with the granularity of 8-5 mm;
15% of mullite aggregate with the granularity of 5-3 mm;
10% of mullite aggregate with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
4% of mullite aggregate with the granularity of less than 1-0.088 mm;
7% of fly ash ceramsite with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
12% of fly ash ceramsite with the granularity of less than 1-0.088 mm;
7 percent of mullite powder with the granularity less than 0.074 mm;
andalusite powder with the granularity of less than 0.074mm 5 percent;
7% of pore-forming agent with the granularity less than 0.55 mm;
3 percent of silicon oxide micro powder with the granularity less than 0.02 mm;
5% of alumina micropowder with the granularity less than 0.02 mm;
5% of CA60 cement;
FS200.2％。
and (2) metering and batching the raw materials in the step (1) according to the limited requirements, stirring for 10-15 minutes until the raw materials are uniformly mixed, adding water accounting for 6% of the total weight of the raw materials, continuously stirring for 5 minutes, pouring the stirred castable into a mold, inserting a vibrating rod for vibration, and forming the boiler lining after maintenance.
Example 3
A refractory castable for a coal-fired boiler is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
8% of bauxite chamotte aggregate with the granularity of 12-8 mm;
12% of bauxite chamotte aggregate with the granularity of 8-5 mm;
15% of bauxite chamotte aggregate with the granularity of 5-3 mm;
12% of bauxite chamotte aggregate with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
6% of bauxite chamotte aggregate with the granularity of less than 1-0.088 mm;
5% of fly ash ceramsite with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
10% of fly ash ceramsite with the granularity of less than 1-0.088 mm;
7 percent of bauxite chamotte powder with the granularity less than 0.074 mm;
andalusite powder with the granularity of less than 0.074mm 5 percent;
2% of fly ash with the granularity of less than 0.074 mm;
5% of pore-forming agent with the granularity less than 0.55 mm;
3 percent of silicon oxide micro powder with the granularity less than 0.02 mm;
5% of alumina micropowder with the granularity less than 0.02 mm;
5% of CA60 cement;
0.1 percent of sodium tripolyphosphate.
FDN 0.05％
And (2) metering and batching the raw materials in the step (1) according to the limited requirements, stirring for 10-15 minutes until the raw materials are uniformly mixed, adding water accounting for 6% of the total weight of the raw materials, continuously stirring for 5 minutes, pouring the stirred castable into a mold, inserting a vibrating rod for vibration, and forming the boiler lining after maintenance.
Example 4
A refractory castable for a coal-fired boiler is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
8% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of 12-8 mm;
12% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of 8-5 mm;
15% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of 5-3 mm;
9% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
3% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of less than 1-0.088 mm;
8% of fly ash ceramsite with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
13% of fly ash ceramsite with the granularity of less than 1-0.088 mm;
7 percent of corundum powder with the granularity of less than 0.074 mm;
andalusite powder with the granularity of less than 0.074mm 5 percent;
7% of pore-forming agent with the granularity less than 0.55 mm;
3 percent of silicon oxide micro powder with the granularity less than 0.02 mm;
5% of alumina micropowder with the granularity less than 0.02 mm;
5% of CA60 cement;
FS200.2％。
and (2) metering and batching the raw materials in the step (1) according to the limited requirements, stirring for 10-15 minutes until the raw materials are uniformly mixed, adding water accounting for 6% of the total weight of the raw materials, continuously stirring for 5 minutes, pouring the stirred castable into a mold, inserting a vibrating rod for vibration, and forming the boiler lining after maintenance.
Example 5
A refractory castable for a coal-fired boiler is prepared by the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
8% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of 12-8 mm;
12% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of 8-5 mm;
15% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of 5-3 mm;
9% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
3% of corundum aggregate with the granularity of less than 1-0.088 mm;
8% of fly ash ceramsite with the granularity of 3-1 mm;
13% of fly ash ceramsite with the granularity of less than 1-0.088 mm;
7 percent of corundum powder with the granularity of less than 0.074 mm;
andalusite powder with the granularity of less than 0.074mm 5 percent;
2 percent of fly ash with the particle size of less than 0.074mm
5% of pore-forming agent with the granularity less than 0.55 mm;
3 percent of silicon oxide micro powder with the granularity less than 0.02 mm;
5% of alumina micropowder with the granularity less than 0.02 mm;
5% of CA60 cement;
FS200.2％。
and (2) metering and batching the raw materials in the step (1) according to the limited requirements, stirring for 10-15 minutes until the raw materials are uniformly mixed, adding water accounting for 6% of the total weight of the raw materials, continuously stirring for 5 minutes, pouring the stirred castable into a mold, inserting a vibrating rod for vibration, and forming the boiler lining after maintenance.
The refractory castable prepared in examples 1 to 5 was tested, and the results are shown in table 1.
According to table 1, it can be seen that the refractory castable for the coal-fired boiler provided by the embodiment of the invention can meet the requirements of high temperature resistance, high strength, good wear resistance and the like of a furnace lining, and can play a role in heat insulation and heat preservation.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing detailed description, or equivalent changes may be made in some of the features of the embodiments. All equivalents that can be substituted by the contents of the specification of the present invention and applied directly or indirectly to other related technical fields are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The refractory castable for the coal-fired boiler is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: refractory aggregate: 50-70% of lightweight aggregate: 0-20%, refractory powder: 5-10% of fly ash: 0-8% of andalusite powder: 5-10% of pore-forming agent: 0-8%, silicon oxide micro powder: 3-5% of alumina micropowder: 5-10% of a binder: 3-5% of a water reducing agent: 0.05 to 0.2 percent.
2. The refractory castable material for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the refractory aggregate is one or more of corundum, mullite and bauxite chamotte, and the particle size range of the refractory aggregate is 0.088-12 mm.
3. The refractory castable material for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the lightweight aggregate is fly ash ceramsite, and the particle size range of the lightweight aggregate is 0.088-3 mm.
4. The refractory castable material for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 3, wherein: the fly ash ceramsite is prepared by 75% of fly ash and 25% of clay through metering, proportioning, stirring, pelletizing, roasting, cooling and screening.
5. The refractory castable material for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the refractory powder is one or more of corundum, mullite and bauxite chamotte, and the granularity of the refractory powder is less than 0.074 mm.
6. The refractory castable material for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the pore-forming agent is powder of rice hulls, straws, vines or branches, and is dried, crushed and sieved to obtain a powdery material, and the particle size of the pore-forming agent is less than 0.55 mm.
7. The refractory castable material for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the binding agent is aluminate cement.
8. The refractory castable material for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the water reducing agent is one of calcium lignosulphonate, sodium citrate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate and polycarboxylate.
9. The refractory castable material for a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the fly ash is less than 0.074mm, the particle size of the andalusite powder is less than 0.074mm, the particle size of the silicon oxide micro powder is less than 0.02mm, and the particle size of the aluminum oxide micro powder is less than 0.02 mm.
10. A method for producing a refractory castable for a coal-fired boiler, which is applied to the refractory castable for a coal-fired boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
the preparation method comprises the steps of metering and proportioning refractory aggregate, lightweight aggregate, refractory powder, fly ash, andalusite powder, a pore-forming agent, silicon oxide micro powder, alumina micro powder, a bonding agent and a water reducing agent according to a limited requirement, stirring for 10-15 minutes until the materials are uniformly mixed, adding water accounting for 6% of the total weight of the raw materials, continuing stirring for 5 minutes, pouring the stirred castable into a mold, inserting a vibrating rod for vibration, and forming the boiler lining after maintenance.
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