CN107986721B - Composite concrete heat storage material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite concrete heat storage material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107986721B CN107986721B CN201711337958.XA CN201711337958A CN107986721B CN 107986721 B CN107986721 B CN 107986721B CN 201711337958 A CN201711337958 A CN 201711337958A CN 107986721 B CN107986721 B CN 107986721B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite concrete heat storage material and a preparation method thereof. The cementing material is aluminate, the aggregate is basalt and industrial slag, and the melting agent is ferric oxide and aluminum oxide. The invention has the advantages that the heat conduction capability of the heat storage concrete is effectively improved, a large amount of heat energy can be stored, the mechanical property of the material is improved, and the obtained heat storage cement material has the characteristics of low density, strong heat storage capability, quick heat conduction, high safety and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy conservation of new materials and new energy application, in particular to a composite concrete heat storage material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of industrial technologies, the fields of energy, chemical industry, materials and the like are gradually expanded, the problem of environmental pollution is increasingly highlighted, unprecedented attention is paid to environmental protection, and the investment on the fields of green energy and energy conservation and emission reduction is gradually increased. The fire coal pollution has great influence on the formation of haze weather, and according to statistics, 18% of PM2.5 particles are from the combustion of coal, and the haze weather is particularly severe in winter, so that a series of related policies of 'coal-to-electricity' are provided for reducing the fire coal pollution and improving the air quality in winter in many cities in the north of China, and the current environmental condition is expected to be improved. In addition, the popularization of the coal-to-electricity project has great practical significance for balancing the national power grid supply and demand and solving the problem of electricity abandonment when the current electric power installation is excessive, particularly under the background that the electric power load is seriously insufficient at night.
The main application of changing coal into electricity is that the mode of electric heating is used to replace coal-fired heating, but the defects of large electricity consumption, high cost and the like exist in common electric heating equipment. The heat-storage type heater has the advantages of being good in heating effect, low in cost, capable of integrating power resources and the like, the heat-storage type electric heater is characterized in that an electric heating element and a heat storage material are used as a core, the heat storage material has the advantages of being high in energy density and the like, the environment temperature can be rapidly adjusted, the heat-storage type heater works in the valley power utilization process, the heat storage material is used for storing heat and releasing heat in the peak power utilization process, the power utilization cost is saved, and the waste of resources of electricity abandoning.
For example, CN103755283A discloses a method for preparing heat storage concrete by using smelting steel slag. The heat storage concrete is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 34-36 parts of basalt, 32-34 parts of smelting steel slag, 6-10 parts of Portland cement, 15-18 parts of slag powder, 3-5 parts of graphite powder, 3-4 parts of silica micropowder and 0.9-1.2 parts of a water reducing agent. The heat storage quantity of the scheme is difficult to meet the application requirement of an actual heat storage type warmer, and the parameters need to be further improved.
CN102898106A discloses high-density heat storage concrete and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of heat storage materials. The high-density heat storage concrete is prepared from 12.0-26.0 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 65.0-80.0 parts of aggregate consisting of steel slag and basalt, 1.0-5.0 parts of graphite, 1.0-5.0 parts of slag powder, 3.0-10.0 parts of water and 0.1-1.0 part of water reducing agent. The scheme can obtain the heat storage concrete with high thermal conductivity, but still has the defect of low heat capacity.
CN101876487A discloses a concrete material prefabricated heat storage module for solar thermal power generation, which is prepared from basalt aggregate, slag, aluminate cement, activated alumina powder, silica micropowder, kyanite powder and natural graphite powder. The formula has higher density, the weight of the whole equipment is increased in the practical application process, and further optimization is needed.
The heat storage materials commonly used at present include heat storage materials, phase change heat storage materials and chemical reaction heat storage materials. Sensible heat storage materials used in electric heaters need to have the following characteristics:
(1) the heat storage capacity is high, the heat storage density is high, the heat storage material has higher specific heat capacity, and the heat can be released in 16 hours by high peak electricity utilization;
(2) the stability is good, and the material is not easy to volatilize and decompose in a high-temperature energy storage state;
(3) has a suitable use temperature;
(4) non-toxic, corrosion-resistant, non-flammable and non-explosive, and low in cost.
The heat storage materials commonly used at present comprise cast steel, molten salt, ceramics, concrete and other materials, and the cast steel material has the characteristics of high heat conductivity coefficient, stable performance and the like, but the application of the cast steel material is hindered at the same time as the cost is high; the molten salt material has high specific heat capacity, and has limited application range when having certain toxicity and volatility; the ceramic material has low cost, easy preparation and high corrosion resistance, but has low heat conductivity coefficient, and the stored heat is not easy to be led out; the concrete material has the characteristics of low cost, simple preparation process, no toxicity, strong corrosion resistance, proper specific heat capacity and the like, and is suitable for large-scale application in electric heating equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a concrete heat storage material with low cost, high heat conductivity coefficient and high heat fusion ratio aiming at a heat storage type electric heater.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a composite concrete heat storage material is characterized in that: the dry apparent density of the material mixed with water reaches 1.55-1.8 kg/m3The heat storage material has a heat conductivity coefficient of 2.5-3.0W/(m.k) and a specific heat coefficient of 3500-3700J/(kg.DEG C): the dosage of the cementing material is 160kg/m3～280kg/m3The aggregate is selected from basalt and industrial slag with the dosage of 850kg/m3～1100kg/m3The melting agent is ferric oxide and aluminum oxide, and the dosage is 50kg/m3～80kg/m3The industrial graphite powder is a rapid heat-conducting admixture with the dosage of 25kg/m3～55kg/m3The dosage of the high-efficiency water reducing agent is 30kg/m3～40kg/m3And is matched with silicon dioxide micropowder and clay clinker, and the dosage of the silicon dioxide micropowder and the clay clinker is 160kg/m3～400kg/m3The amount of water is 100kg/m3～150kg/m3。
The formula components and the proportion are obtained through a large number of experimental selections, and compared with other materials and components of the same material in different proportions, the formula has the advantages of low density, high heat storage capacity and high heat conductivity.
According to the technical scheme, the cementing material is an aluminate material. When the heat storage material is applied, the heat storage material has the advantages of high heat storage capacity and low density compared with other cementing materials.
According to the technical scheme, the aggregate comprises 60-75% of basalt and 25-35% of industrial slag.
According to the technical scheme, the iron sesquioxide in the melting agent accounts for 70-75% of the total weight of the melting agent, and the aluminum oxide accounts for 25-30% of the total weight of the melting agent.
According to the technical scheme, the industrial graphite powder is a quick heat-conducting admixture, and the granularity is preferably 80-100 meshes.
One of the preferable schemes of the invention is that the high-efficiency water reducing agent is a commercial product, and the water reducing rate is 18-20%.
One of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is a fine silica powderThe particle diameter is 0.1 to 0.3 μm, and the specific surface area is 20 to 28m3/g。
One of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is a clay clinker refractoriness greater than 176 CN. Among them, the preferable embodiment is that the addition amount of the clay clinker is zero.
One of the preferable schemes of the invention is that the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide micropowder to the clay clinker is 8: 15.
Through the selection of the materials and the proportion, the density is reduced as much as possible, the mechanical property is improved, and the heat conducting capacity and the heat storage performance are improved. The obtained heat storage cement material has the characteristics of low density, strong heat storage capacity, high heat conduction speed, high safety and the like.
The foregoing materials further illustrate:
1. and (3) cementing materials: the cementing material is an aluminate material and consists of cement and fly ash, the cement component is ordinary aluminate cement with the strength grade of P. 042.5, the fly ash is II-grade ash specified in GB/T1596-2005 fly ash for cement and concrete, the cement accounts for 86-90% of the cementing material, and the fly ash accounts for 10-14% of the cementing material;
2. aggregate: the industrial slag component is industrial slag with large hot melt ratio and the grain diameter is 5-10mm3；
3. Melting agent: the used melting agent is ferric oxide and aluminum oxide, wherein the dosage of the ferric oxide is 70-75% of the total weight of the melting agent, and the dosage of the aluminum oxide is 25-30% of the total weight of the melting agent.
4. Industrial graphite powder: the industrial graphite powder is a product sold in the market, the granularity is 80-100 meshes, and the technical requirements refer to GB/T3518-2008 crystalline flake graphite.
5. High-efficiency water reducing agent: the high-efficiency water reducing agent is a product sold in the market, and the water reducing rate is 18-20%.
6. Silica micropowder: the silicon dioxide micro powder is a product sold in the market, the particle size is 0.1-0.3 mu m, and the specific surface area is 20-28 m3The specification refers to YB/T115-2004 micropowder silica for unshaped refractories.
7. Clay clinker: the clay clinker is a product sold in the market, the refractoriness is more than 176CN, and the technical requirements refer to YB/T5207-2005 hard clay clinker.
8. Water: the added water is common tap water.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the composite concrete heat storage material, which comprises the following steps: firstly, weighing raw materials according to a proportion; and secondly, pouring the aggregate, the melting agent, the industrial graphite powder, the silicon dioxide micropowder, the clay material, the cementing material and the high-efficiency water reducing agent into the water reducing agent, stirring for one minute, adding water, stirring for two minutes, pouring into a corresponding mould, and carrying out vibration molding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the heat conductivity of the heat storage concrete is effectively improved.
Secondly, a large amount of heat energy can be stored.
And thirdly, the density is reduced, and the heat conduction capability and the heat storage performance are improved.
And fourthly, the mechanical property of the material is improved.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated, but not limited, by the following examples containing materials.
Example 1
A composite concrete heat storage material is prepared by mixing a cementing material, aggregates, a fusing agent, industrial graphite powder, a high-efficiency water reducing agent, silicon dioxide micropowder, clay clinker and water, wherein the dry apparent density of the mixture is 1.55-1.8 Kg/m3The heat storage material has a heat conductivity coefficient of 2.5-3.0W/(m.k) and a specific heat coefficient of 3500-3700J/(kg.DEG C):
wherein the cementing material is aluminate cement, and the dosage is 176kg/m3The aggregate is basalt and industrial slag with the total dosage of 880kg/m3, the melting agent is ferric oxide and aluminum oxide with the dosage of 54kg/m3The industrial graphite powder is a rapid heat-conducting admixture with the dosage of 32kg/m3The dosage of the high-efficiency water reducing agent is 32kg/m3And is matched with silicon dioxide micropowder and clay clinker, and the dosage of the silicon dioxide micropowder and the clay clinker is 370kg/m3The amount of water is 100kg/m3。
Firstly, weighing raw materials according to a proportion; and secondly, pouring the aggregate, the melting agent, the industrial graphite powder, the silicon dioxide micropowder, the clay material, the cementing material and the high-efficiency water reducing agent into the water reducing agent, stirring for one minute, adding water, stirring for two minutes, pouring into a corresponding mould, and carrying out vibration molding.
The basalt in the aggregate accounts for 75 percent of the total weight of the aggregate.
The ferric oxide in the melting agent accounts for 75 percent of the total weight of the melting agent.
The mass ratio of the silicon dioxide micropowder to the clay clinker is 8: 15.
performance testing
The results of performance measurements using the general test method are as follows:
density 1.59X 103Kg/m3The heat capacity coefficient is 3650.48J/(kg. DEG C.), and the heat conductivity coefficient is 2.8W/(m.k).
As can be seen from the test results, the invention brings the following effects compared with the prior art:
firstly, the heat conductivity of the heat storage concrete is effectively improved.
Secondly, a large amount of heat energy can be stored.
And thirdly, the density is reduced, and the heat conduction capability and the heat storage performance are improved.
And fourthly, the mechanical property of the material is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A concrete heat storage material is characterized in that:
wherein the cementing material is aluminate cement, and the dosage is 176kg/m3The aggregate is selected from basalt and industrial slag, and the total dosage is 880kg/m3The melting agent is iron sesquioxide and aluminum oxide, and the dosage is 54kg/m3Industrial graphite powder is quickThe dosage of the heat-conducting admixture is 32kg/m3The dosage of the high-efficiency water reducing agent is 32kg/m3And is matched with silicon dioxide micropowder and clay clinker, and the dosage of the silicon dioxide micropowder and the clay clinker is 370kg/m3The amount of water is 100kg/m3；
The basalt in the aggregate accounts for 75 percent of the total weight of the aggregate;
the ferric oxide in the melting agent accounts for 75 percent of the total weight of the melting agent;
the mass ratio of the silicon dioxide micropowder to the clay clinker is 8: 15;
the density of the concrete heat storage material is 1.59 multiplied by 103Kg/m3。
2. The composite concrete heat storage material of claim 1, wherein: the granularity of the industrial graphite powder is 80-100 meshes.
3. The composite concrete heat storage material of claim 1, wherein: the particle diameter of the silicon dioxide micro powder is 0.1-0.3 mu m, and the specific surface area is 20-28 m3/g。
4. The composite concrete heat storage material of claim 1, wherein: the refractoriness of the clay clinker is more than 176 CN.
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| CN115872768B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2024-01-26 | 杭州君昊储能科技有限公司 | Heat storage material prepared from solid wastes such as fly ash and slag |
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