CN117349946A - Electromechanical assembly type management method based on BIM technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromechanical assembly type management method based on BIM technology, which belongs to the technical field of building electromechanical construction and solves the technical problem that the positioning precision of the prior embedded part is insufficient, and the method comprises the following steps: creating a BIM model of the building; splitting the electromechanical equipment of the building into factory prefabricated parts and site prefabricated parts according to the BIM; synchronously manufacturing factory prefabricated parts in factories and on-site prefabricated parts in sites; and transporting the manufactured factory prefabricated parts and the on-site prefabricated parts to a building site, and assembling according to BIM model guidance. According to the invention, a part of electromechanical equipment is processed in a centralized manner on site according to the BIM model, a part of factories produce and debug, and two main lines are synchronously carried out, so that the mode can be comprehensively superior to the traditional mode, the line pipes are laid clearly, the site is quickly abutted and firmly locked by the self-locking nut, the indoor line pipes are quickly abutted in the later stage, the high efficiency of ensuring quality is realized, the factory is spliced in the embedded site, and the cost controllability is high.

Description

Electromechanical assembly type management method based on BIM technology

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building electromechanical construction, in particular to an electromechanical assembly type management method based on BIM technology.

Background

The existing building construction mode also adopts traditional drawing design, is embedded in site and is a basic flow for design change. The following drawbacks exist in such conventional construction processes: the problems of lack of pre-buried positioning basis, lack of technical bottoming link, untimely positioning of the embedded part, insufficient positioning precision, incapability of performing field installation due to non-technical bottoming and the like are solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and aims to provide an electromechanical assembly type management method based on BIM technology.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an electromechanical assembly type management method based on BIM technology, comprising the following steps:

creating a BIM model of the building;

splitting the electromechanical equipment of the building into factory prefabricated parts and site prefabricated parts according to the BIM model;

synchronously performing factory-made and field-made prefabricated parts;

and transporting the manufactured factory prefabricated parts and the on-site prefabricated parts to a building site, and assembling according to BIM model guidance.

As a further improvement, the BIM model includes the following drawings:

the three-dimensional model diagram is a three-dimensional model created by BIM software and comprises building structures, electromechanical equipment, pipelines, electric wires and cables and association relations among the components;

the electromechanical equipment layout is used for showing the position and arrangement of electromechanical equipment in a building and comprises fans, pumps, cooling towers, air conditioning units and generator unit equipment;

the pipeline layout is used for displaying the layout and connection modes of various pipeline systems, including pipeline trend, bracket position, elbow and valve;

the cable wiring diagram is used for displaying the wiring path, the connection mode and the cable bridge position of the electric wires and cables and marking the specification, the length and the connection point information of the cables;

the strong and weak current separation diagram is used for separating the strong current system from the weak current system and marking the corresponding positions and wiring relations of the strong current system and the weak current system;

a device parameter and specification table listing specific parameters, specifications, and performance metrics for each electromechanical device, including power, flow, temperature parameters, for selection and installation;

the construction plan is used for marking and displaying the electromechanical equipment on the construction plan so as to guide the installation position and the size in the construction process;

and the coordination diagram is used for coordinating the electromechanical equipment with other building structures and solving the problems of collision and collision which possibly occur.

Further, factory identification and material preparation are performed according to the BIM model and factory prefabricated parts, wherein the factory identification and material preparation comprises cables, wires, pipelines, pipes, air inlets, distribution boxes, electrical equipment, water pipes, valves, lighting equipment and lamps.

Further, after the prefabrication is completed, all electromechanical devices and related components are subjected to rigorous inspection and testing to ensure that they meet safety and performance requirements, including electrical testing, functional testing, dimensional inspection.

Further, the indicia are provided according to the BIM model and attached to the pre-fabricated electromechanical device and related components.

Further, the factory prefabricated parts and the site prefabricated parts need to be transported to the construction site for the following inspection:

appearance inspection, namely inspecting the appearance of the electromechanical material, including whether the surface is flat, has no obvious damage, rust and deformation;

checking the size and the specification, and measuring whether the size and the specification of the material meet the design drawing and the technical requirement;

checking the completeness of materials, and confirming whether the electromechanical materials entering the field are consistent with the purchasing list and contract requirements, and whether the materials are missing or redundant;

checking the identification and the package, checking whether the identification of the electromechanical equipment is clear and distinguishable, checking whether the package is intact, and checking whether the identification on the package is consistent with the actual material;

performance and function tests are carried out on the electromechanical equipment to carry out necessary function tests so as to verify whether the performance and operation of the electromechanical equipment meet the specifications and technical requirements;

verifying certificates and files, and checking the validity and authenticity of quality certificates, inspection reports and use instruction files provided by electromechanical materials;

and (3) carrying out material quality sampling inspection, carrying out quality sampling inspection on part of electromechanical materials, and verifying whether the quality meets the standards and requirements through random sample selection and experimental tests.

Further, the on-site prefabricated part is manufactured on site in the following specific modes:

pre-cutting materials, namely pre-cutting building materials in a processing area, and accurately cutting according to actual size requirements so as to reduce field measurement and cutting work;

assembling parts, namely assembling the parts of the component in a processing area so as to improve construction efficiency and reduce field operation;

drilling and grooving, wherein a drilling machine or a grooving machine is used for drilling and grooving in a processing area so as to facilitate subsequent installation work;

temporarily assembling, namely temporarily assembling the components in a processing area so as to be carried to an installation position once after the components are completed;

special customization, wherein the customization processing is performed by using processing equipment according to specific requirements so as to meet special design requirements;

and (3) assembling and verifying, namely, assembling and verifying the components in a machining area, so that the assembly is accurate, the quality is reliable, and errors and repeated work in the field are reduced.

Further, before the prefabricated parts of the factory and the prefabricated parts of the site are assembled on the construction site, the line laying is required, and the following steps are specifically performed:

carrying out construction preparation, namely carrying out construction preparation work before laying a line, wherein the construction preparation work comprises the steps of preparing a construction plan according to a BIM model, compiling a construction drawing, and allocating constructors and equipment;

preparing cables, namely preparing corresponding cables and accessories before starting line laying, namely selecting cables, connectors and sockets with proper specifications according to a BIM model, and performing quality inspection and recording;

the wiring of the line is started according to the construction drawing and the construction requirement, and comprises the steps of determining the trend, the length and the path of the cable, ensuring reasonable cable laying and avoiding cable crossing and clamping loss;

the cable is fixed on a building structure or equipment by using various fixing pieces in the process of laying the circuit, and the fixing pieces comprise fixing clamps, hanging devices and fixing frames, and the installation of the fixing pieces accords with related standards and specifications;

the cable connection and terminal treatment are carried out, and after the cable laying is completed, the cable connection and terminal treatment are carried out, wherein the cable connection and terminal treatment comprise the connection of connectors, the installation of a connection box and the treatment of outgoing lines, so that the reliable cable connection is ensured and the safety requirements are met;

path identification and protection are carried out after the line is laid, and the path identification and protection comprises the steps of marking a cable path, setting a signboard and installing a warning sign so as to facilitate future operation and maintenance work;

and after the line is laid, testing and debugging work of the line, including electrical testing, insulation testing and grounding testing, are carried out so as to ensure the quality and safe operation of the line.

Further, the prefabricated parts of the assembly factory are carried out on the construction site, and the prefabricated parts on the site are specifically as follows:

positioning equipment, namely positioning unloading equipment, and placing the unloading equipment at a preset position according to the requirements of a BIM model to ensure the alignment and stability of the equipment;

fixing equipment, namely fixing the equipment, connecting the equipment to a building structure by using bolts or supports, and ensuring the stability and safety of the equipment;

connecting pipelines and cables, and connecting the pipelines and the cables according to functions and requirements of equipment, wherein the connecting pipelines and the cables comprise an access conveying pipeline, a connecting cable, an installation valve, a connector and a socket;

after the installation is completed, the equipment is subjected to adjustment and calibration work, including horizontal and vertical adjustment of the equipment, the tension of the pipelines and the cables is adjusted, and the installation position and the angle of the equipment are confirmed;

the connection control system is used for connecting the equipment with a control system of a building so as to ensure the automatic control and operation of the equipment;

safety inspection and testing, namely performing safety inspection and testing work of equipment after installation, wherein the safety inspection and testing work comprises electrical safety testing, equipment function testing and working state testing, and ensuring that the safety and performance of the equipment meet the requirements;

terminal processing and insulation protection, processing, protecting and insulation processing are carried out on the wiring terminal of the equipment, so that the safety and reliability of the electrical connection of the equipment are ensured, and electric leakage and electrical faults are prevented.

Further, after the electromechanical assembly of the building is completed, the complete acceptance is carried out, specifically as follows:

checking a bill of materials, checking electromechanical equipment and the bill of materials, confirming whether the bill of materials is consistent with design and contract requirements, and checking whether the materials have a qualified certificate and a related report;

checking equipment installation, namely checking the installation of electromechanical equipment, confirming whether the equipment is installed correctly according to the requirements of a design drawing and a specification, and checking whether the equipment is fixed and connected firmly;

checking the circuit and the cable, namely checking the circuit and the cable wiring of the electromechanical equipment, wherein the circuit trend, the laying mode, the connector and the socket are included, so that the circuit connection is accurate and meets the safety requirement;

the equipment operation test is carried out on the electromechanical equipment, the normal operation of the electromechanical equipment is confirmed, and the contents of the test comprise an electrical test, a functional test and a performance test so as to ensure that the equipment meets the design and specification requirements;

the grounding and insulation inspection is carried out on the grounding and insulation of the electromechanical equipment, so that the safety grounding and insulation protection of the equipment are ensured, and electric leakage and electric faults are prevented;

checking safety facilities, namely checking the safety facilities, including fire-fighting equipment, emergency power-off equipment and alarm equipment, so as to ensure the normal installation and functions of the safety facilities;

checking the file and the certification file, checking the use instruction, the maintenance manual and the maintenance certificate file of the electromechanical equipment, and checking whether the related procedures and the record are finished;

the method comprises the steps of compiling a finished acceptance report, compiling the finished acceptance report according to the actual acceptance situation, recording the results of equipment installation and testing, and ensuring that key problems are recorded and solved;

completing the acceptance meeting, holding the acceptance meeting, reporting the acceptance result, and discussing necessary modification and subsequent measures to ensure the quality and performance of equipment installation;

completion acceptance approval, after confirmation of acceptance report and meeting summary, is made by the relevant department or owner representative.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

according to the invention, a part of electromechanical equipment is processed in a centralized manner on site according to the BIM model, a part of factories produce and debug, and two main lines are synchronously carried out, so that the mode can be comprehensively superior to the traditional mode, the line pipes are laid clearly, the site is quickly abutted and firmly locked by the self-locking nut, the indoor line pipes are quickly abutted in the later stage, the high efficiency of ensuring quality is realized, the factory is spliced in the embedded site, and the cost controllability is high. The method comprises the following steps:

1. the construction efficiency is improved: the MEP (refers to electromechanical equipment (machine, electric, plumbing) in construction engineering) adopts an off-line prefabrication and on-site assembly mode, so that on-site construction time and labor force requirements are effectively reduced. Through industrial production and standardized assembly, efficient project management and construction progress control can be realized. In practice, after a construction plan is formulated according to the BIM model, three-line synchronous operation of on-site centralized prefabrication, factory prefabrication and on-site laying of the building can be realized, and finally, the manufactured factory prefabrication parts and on-site prefabrication parts are transported to a building site and assembled according to BIM model guidance.

2. Quality consistency is improved: in a factory environment, the MEP can perform precise processing and quality control to ensure quality and consistency of the various components and systems. The use of prefabricated modular designs and assemblies can also reduce human error and construction defects, improving overall quality levels.

3. Reducing construction noise and pollution: compared with the traditional site construction, most of the construction work of the MEP is completed in a factory, the influence of site construction noise and pollution on the surrounding environment and residents is reduced, and the life quality during construction is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an assembly flow diagram of a conventional approach;

fig. 2 is an assembly flow chart of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments in the drawings.

The conventional assembly process is shown in fig. 1, and the process flow of the conventional drawing is relatively clear and simple, but the same disadvantages are relatively obvious.

A main line: traditional drawing design, technical mating, material approach and inspection, main body line pipe embedding, wall building line pipe embedding, bottom box/box installation, line pipe wire penetrating, line laying and equipment installation.

The construction process has the advantages of long construction period (generally 1 year and half to two years), large personnel flow, complex field environment, high protection difficulty of semi-finished products, multiple plugging protection, resource waste, and more later correction and hidden danger. There are a lot of post-embedding modifications on site. The cost controllability is poor.

The conventional process is simple, but the rework rate, the error rate and the change rate are very high. Although the operation speed is ensured in the early stage, the original rough management flow can lead the whole flow to become uneconomical, unattractive, unsafe and the like.

The assembly process of the invention is shown in fig. 2, and it can be seen that the assembly construction flow is performed in parallel by two lines.

Main line 1: assembling a drawing, feeding materials, adding a processing area in a complete manner, embedding and installing a main body wire pipe, embedding and installing branch items, laying a circuit and installing equipment;

main line 2: assembling a chart, BIM process drawings, stock production/complete equipment production debugging, positioning pre-embedding, PC component production, line laying and equipment installation;

specifically, the invention provides an electromechanical assembly type management method based on BIM technology, which comprises the following steps:

creating a BIM model of the building;

splitting the electromechanical equipment of the building into factory prefabricated parts and site prefabricated parts according to the BIM;

synchronously manufacturing factory prefabricated parts in factories and on-site prefabricated parts in sites;

and transporting the manufactured factory prefabricated parts and the on-site prefabricated parts to a building site, and assembling according to BIM model guidance.

The factory prefabricated parts comprise an integral machine room and related materials, the machine room is debugged in advance, and the factory prefabricated parts are assembled for the second time. Related materials include pipes, water supply, water drainage, heating and ventilation equipment. Such as: fire pump room and water supply and drainage computer lab, heating and ventilation computer lab, fire control security protection control computer lab, elevator computer lab, and other computer lab that have independent function.

In-situ prefabricated components are electromechanical devices that are prefabricated at one time in the in-situ processing area, such as certain plumbing connections, fixtures and sockets, as well as specific sensors and detection devices. Forming a plurality of complete sets of components for one-step processing and forming. The field installation error and the speed can be greatly improved. The method is characterized by combining a factory prefabrication mode and a field prefabrication mode. The installation quality can be greatly improved, and the construction period can be shortened.

The BIM model comprises the following drawings:

the three-dimensional model diagram is a three-dimensional model created by BIM software and comprises building structures, electromechanical equipment, pipelines, electric wires and cables and association relations among the components;

the electromechanical equipment layout is used for showing the position and arrangement of electromechanical equipment in a building and comprises fans, pumps, cooling towers, air conditioning units and generator unit equipment;

the pipeline layout is used for displaying the layout and connection modes of various pipeline systems (such as water supply, water discharge, heating ventilation and air conditioning) and comprises pipeline trend, bracket position, elbow and valve;

the cable wiring diagram is used for displaying the wiring path, the connection mode and the cable bridge position of the electric wires and cables and marking the specification, the length and the connection point information of the cables;

the strong and weak current separation diagram is used for separating a strong current system (such as lighting, a socket and a switch) from a weak current system (such as communication, monitoring and security) and marking the corresponding position and wiring relation;

a device parameter and specification table listing specific parameters, specifications, and performance metrics for each electromechanical device, including power, flow, temperature parameters, for selection and installation;

the construction plan is used for marking and displaying the electromechanical equipment on the construction plan so as to guide the installation position and the size in the construction process;

and the coordination diagram is used for coordinating the electromechanical equipment with other building structures (such as fire protection, water supply and drainage) and solving the problems of collision and collision possibly occurring.

The specific content of each drawing aims to provide comprehensive electromechanical information and guidance to support the design, arrangement and installation of the assembled electromechanical system and ensure the coordination and high efficiency of the system in the construction and operation processes.

And carrying out factory identification and image preparation according to the BIM model and the factory prefabricated part, wherein the factory identification and image preparation comprises the following items:

cable and wire: the BIM deepening drawing can accurately draw the trend, connection point and length information of the cable and the wire, so that the factory can conveniently perform drawing recognition, material preparation and prefabrication processing of the cable and the wire;

pipeline and pipe fitting: the BIM deepening drawing can provide detailed information of the layout, pipe diameter, channel size and connection mode of the pipeline system, and is beneficial to the recognition and material preparation and custom processing of pipelines and pipe fittings in factories;

air pipe and wind gap: by means of BIM deepening drawings, information such as layout, size, pipeline connection details, position and air volume requirements of an air port and the like of an air pipe system can be drawn, so that a factory can conveniently perform drawing identification, material preparation and production of the air pipe and the air port;

distribution box and electrical equipment: the detailed information of the sizes, the installation positions and the cable connection of the distribution box and the electrical equipment can be drawn through the BIM deepening drawing, so that the distribution box and the electrical equipment can be easily identified, prepared, assembled and manufactured in factories;

water pipe and valve: by using BIM deepening drawings, details of pipe diameters, connection modes and valve positions of a water pipe system can be provided, and the factory is facilitated to carry out drawing recognition, material preparation and custom processing on the water pipe and the valve;

lighting device and lamps and lanterns: by means of BIM deepening drawings, information of positions, installation modes and power requirements of the lighting equipment and the lamps can be drawn, so that a factory can conveniently perform drawing, material preparation and custom production of the lighting equipment and the lamps.

It should be noted that the project and the range of the factory identification map stock can be specifically performed, and comprehensive analysis and determination are also required by combining the specific requirements of engineering, the production capacity of the factory and the process requirements.

After the prefabrication is completed, all the electromechanical devices and related components are subjected to strict inspection and testing to ensure that they meet safety and performance requirements, including electrical testing, functional testing, dimensional inspection, and only products that pass the testing can be transported and installed further.

The indicia are placed according to the BIM model and attached to the pre-fabricated electromechanical device and related components. By suitable packaging and identification, the prefabricated electromechanical devices and components are loaded into a specific vehicle, such as a truck or container, etc. The purpose of the packaging and identification is to prevent damage and confusion to ensure product integrity and ease of identification. After loading is completed, the prefabricated electromechanical devices and components are transported to the construction site. This generally requires proper routing and ensures safe transport of the product. During transportation, care is taken to protect the electromechanical devices and components from vibration, shock, and bad weather.

After the factory prefabricated parts and the site prefabricated parts are transported to the construction site, the following tests are required:

appearance inspection, namely inspecting the appearance of the electromechanical material, including whether the surface is flat, has no obvious damage, rust and deformation;

checking the size and the specification, and measuring whether the size and the specification of the material meet the design drawing and the technical requirement;

checking the completeness of materials, and confirming whether the electromechanical materials entering the field are consistent with the purchasing list and contract requirements, and whether the materials are missing or redundant;

checking the identification and the package, checking whether the identification of the electromechanical equipment is clear and distinguishable, checking whether the package is intact, and checking whether the identification on the package is consistent with the actual material;

performance and function tests are carried out on the electromechanical equipment to carry out necessary function tests so as to verify whether the performance and operation of the electromechanical equipment meet the specifications and technical requirements;

verifying certificates and files, and checking the validity and authenticity of quality certificates, inspection reports and use instruction files provided by electromechanical materials;

and (3) carrying out material quality sampling inspection, carrying out quality sampling inspection on part of electromechanical materials, and verifying whether the quality meets the standards and requirements through random sample selection and experimental tests.

The focus of this test is to confirm the eligibility of the electromechanical material to ensure compliance of the construction process and engineering quality. These checks help ensure the quality and reliability of the electromechanical material to reduce problems and risks during construction installation and subsequent maintenance.

The prefabricated part on site is manufactured on site in the following specific modes:

pre-cutting materials, namely pre-cutting building materials in a processing area, and accurately cutting according to actual size requirements so as to reduce field measurement and cutting work;

assembling parts, namely assembling the parts of the component in a processing area so as to improve construction efficiency and reduce field operation;

drilling and grooving, wherein a drilling machine or a grooving machine is used for drilling and grooving in a processing area so as to facilitate subsequent installation work;

temporarily assembling, namely temporarily assembling the components in a processing area so as to be carried to an installation position once after the components are completed;

special customization, wherein the customization processing is performed by using processing equipment according to specific requirements so as to meet special design requirements;

and (3) assembling and verifying, namely, assembling and verifying the components in a machining area, so that the assembly is accurate, the quality is reliable, and errors and repeated work in the field are reduced.

Specifically combined with BIM technology assembly drawings, a construction unit can assemble and form materials in a machining area once and then integrally transport the materials to a construction site for installation, so that the construction efficiency is improved, the field workload is reduced, the field operation time is shortened, and the construction quality and the safety are ensured.

Before the factory prefabricated part and the field prefabricated part are assembled on the construction site, the line is required to be laid, and the line is laid according to BIM model guidance, so that the line laying can be synchronously carried out with the factory prefabricated part and the field prefabricated part, and the following steps are specifically carried out:

carrying out construction preparation, namely carrying out construction preparation work before laying a line, wherein the construction preparation work comprises the steps of preparing a construction plan according to a BIM model, compiling a construction drawing, and allocating constructors and equipment;

preparing cables, namely preparing corresponding cables and accessories before starting line laying, namely selecting cables, connectors and sockets with proper specifications according to a BIM model, and performing quality inspection and recording;

the wiring of the line is started according to the construction drawing and the construction requirement, and comprises the steps of determining the trend, the length and the path of the cable, ensuring reasonable cable laying and avoiding cable crossing and clamping loss;

the cable is fixed on a building structure or equipment by using various fixing pieces in the process of laying the circuit, and the fixing pieces comprise fixing clamps, hanging devices and fixing frames, and the installation of the fixing pieces accords with related standards and specifications;

the cable connection and terminal treatment are carried out, and after the cable laying is completed, the cable connection and terminal treatment are carried out, wherein the cable connection and terminal treatment comprise the connection of connectors, the installation of a connection box and the treatment of outgoing lines, so that the reliable cable connection is ensured and the safety requirements are met;

path identification and protection are carried out after the line is laid, and the path identification and protection comprises the steps of marking a cable path, setting a signboard and installing a warning sign so as to facilitate future operation and maintenance work;

and after the line is laid, testing and debugging work of the line, including electrical testing, insulation testing and grounding testing, are carried out so as to ensure the quality and safe operation of the line. The electromechanical assembly type building can reduce the workload of on-site line laying, improve the construction efficiency and quality and reduce the labor and time cost through prefabrication and centralized processing of manufacturers.

The method also comprises a feedback mechanism, specifically, when the line laying process finds that the building structure errors cause the line laying to exceed the design errors, the BIM model is timely fed back, the factory prefabricated part is timely adjusted according to the actual errors of the line laying, or the site prefabricated part is timely manufactured on site according to the revised BIM model, so that interference problems in the subsequent assembly process are reduced.

The prefabricated parts of the factory and the on-site prefabricated parts are assembled on the construction site, and the prefabricated parts of the factory and the on-site prefabricated parts are specifically as follows:

positioning equipment, namely positioning unloading equipment, and placing the unloading equipment at a preset position according to the requirements of a BIM model to ensure the alignment and stability of the equipment;

fixing equipment, namely fixing the equipment, connecting the equipment to a building structure by using bolts or supports, and ensuring the stability and safety of the equipment;

connecting pipelines and cables, and connecting the pipelines and the cables according to functions and requirements of equipment, wherein the connecting pipelines and the cables comprise an access conveying pipeline, a connecting cable, an installation valve, a connector and a socket;

after the installation is completed, the equipment is subjected to adjustment and calibration work, including horizontal and vertical adjustment of the equipment, the tension of the pipelines and the cables is adjusted, and the installation position and the angle of the equipment are confirmed;

the connection control system is used for connecting the equipment with a control system of a building so as to ensure the automatic control and operation of the equipment;

safety inspection and testing, namely performing safety inspection and testing work of equipment after installation, wherein the safety inspection and testing work comprises electrical safety testing, equipment function testing and working state testing, and ensuring that the safety and performance of the equipment meet the requirements;

terminal processing and insulation protection, processing, protecting and insulation processing are carried out on the wiring terminal of the equipment, so that the safety and reliability of the electrical connection of the equipment are ensured, and electric leakage and electrical faults are prevented.

After the electromechanical assembly of the building is completed, the completion acceptance is carried out, and the method comprises the following steps of:

checking a bill of materials, checking electromechanical equipment and the bill of materials, confirming whether the bill of materials is consistent with design and contract requirements, and checking whether the materials have a qualified certificate and a related report;

checking equipment installation, namely checking the installation of electromechanical equipment, confirming whether the equipment is installed correctly according to the requirements of a design drawing and a specification, and checking whether the equipment is fixed and connected firmly;

checking the circuit and the cable, namely checking the circuit and the cable wiring of the electromechanical equipment, wherein the circuit trend, the laying mode, the connector and the socket are included, so that the circuit connection is accurate and meets the safety requirement;

the equipment operation test is carried out on the electromechanical equipment, the normal operation of the electromechanical equipment is confirmed, and the contents of the test comprise an electrical test, a functional test and a performance test so as to ensure that the equipment meets the design and specification requirements;

the grounding and insulation inspection is carried out on the grounding and insulation of the electromechanical equipment, so that the safety grounding and insulation protection of the equipment are ensured, and electric leakage and electric faults are prevented;

checking safety facilities, namely checking the safety facilities, including fire-fighting equipment, emergency power-off equipment and alarm equipment, so as to ensure the normal installation and functions of the safety facilities;

checking the file and the certification file, checking the use instruction, the maintenance manual and the maintenance certificate file of the electromechanical equipment, and checking whether the related procedures and the record are finished;

the method comprises the steps of compiling a finished acceptance report, compiling the finished acceptance report according to the actual acceptance situation, recording the results of equipment installation and testing, and ensuring that key problems are recorded and solved;

completing the acceptance meeting, holding the acceptance meeting, reporting the acceptance result, and discussing necessary modification and subsequent measures to ensure the quality and performance of equipment installation;

completion acceptance approval, after confirmation of acceptance report and meeting summary, is made by the relevant department or owner representative.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these do not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent.

Claims (10)

1. An electromechanical assembly type management method based on BIM technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:

creating a BIM model of the building;

splitting the electromechanical equipment of the building into factory prefabricated parts and site prefabricated parts according to the BIM model;

synchronously performing factory-made and field-made prefabricated parts;

and transporting the manufactured factory prefabricated parts and the on-site prefabricated parts to a building site, and assembling according to BIM model guidance.

2. The method for managing electromechanical assemblies based on the BIM technology according to claim 1, wherein the BIM model comprises the following drawings:

the three-dimensional model diagram is a three-dimensional model created by BIM software and comprises building structures, electromechanical equipment, pipelines, electric wires and cables and association relations among the components;

the electromechanical equipment layout is used for showing the position and arrangement of electromechanical equipment in a building and comprises fans, pumps, cooling towers, air conditioning units and generator unit equipment;

the pipeline layout is used for displaying the layout and connection modes of various pipeline systems, including pipeline trend, bracket position, elbow and valve;

the cable wiring diagram is used for displaying the wiring path, the connection mode and the cable bridge position of the electric wires and cables and marking the specification, the length and the connection point information of the cables;

the strong and weak current separation diagram is used for separating the strong current system from the weak current system and marking the corresponding positions and wiring relations of the strong current system and the weak current system;

a device parameter and specification table listing specific parameters, specifications, and performance metrics for each electromechanical device, including power, flow, temperature parameters, for selection and installation;

the construction plan is used for marking and displaying the electromechanical equipment on the construction plan so as to guide the installation position and the size in the construction process;

and the coordination diagram is used for coordinating the electromechanical equipment with other building structures and solving the problems of collision and collision which possibly occur.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the factory identification is performed based on BIM models and factory prefabricated components, including cables and wires, pipes and tubes, air ducts and tuyeres, distribution boxes and electrical equipment, water pipes and valves, lighting equipment and lamps.

4. A method of managing electromechanical assemblies based on BIM technology according to claim 3, wherein all the electromechanical devices and the associated components are subjected to strict inspection and testing after the prefabrication is completed, to ensure that they meet the safety and performance requirements, including electrical testing, functional testing, dimensional inspection.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the marks are configured according to a BIM model and attached to the prefabricated electromechanical device and related components.

6. The method for managing electromechanical assemblies based on BIM technology according to claim 5, wherein the following tests are required after the factory prefabricated parts and the field prefabricated parts are transported to the construction site:

appearance inspection, namely inspecting the appearance of the electromechanical material, including whether the surface is flat, has no obvious damage, rust and deformation;

checking the size and the specification, and measuring whether the size and the specification of the material meet the design drawing and the technical requirement;

checking the completeness of materials, and confirming whether the electromechanical materials entering the field are consistent with the purchasing list and contract requirements, and whether the materials are missing or redundant;

checking the identification and the package, checking whether the identification of the electromechanical equipment is clear and distinguishable, checking whether the package is intact, and checking whether the identification on the package is consistent with the actual material;

performance and function tests are carried out on the electromechanical equipment to carry out necessary function tests so as to verify whether the performance and operation of the electromechanical equipment meet the specifications and technical requirements;

verifying certificates and files, and checking the validity and authenticity of quality certificates, inspection reports and use instruction files provided by electromechanical materials;

and (3) carrying out material quality sampling inspection, carrying out quality sampling inspection on part of electromechanical materials, and verifying whether the quality meets the standards and requirements through random sample selection and experimental tests.

7. The method for electromechanically assembled management based on BIM technology according to claim 1, wherein the on-site fabrication of the on-site prefabricated part includes the following specific steps:

pre-cutting materials, namely pre-cutting building materials in a processing area, and accurately cutting according to actual size requirements so as to reduce field measurement and cutting work;

assembling parts, namely assembling the parts of the component in a processing area so as to improve construction efficiency and reduce field operation;

drilling and grooving, wherein a drilling machine or a grooving machine is used for drilling and grooving in a processing area so as to facilitate subsequent installation work;

temporarily assembling, namely temporarily assembling the components in a processing area so as to be carried to an installation position once after the components are completed;

special customization, wherein the customization processing is performed by using processing equipment according to specific requirements so as to meet special design requirements;

and (3) assembling and verifying, namely, assembling and verifying the components in a machining area, so that the assembly is accurate, the quality is reliable, and errors and repeated work in the field are reduced.

8. The method for managing electromechanical assemblies based on the BIM technology according to claim 1, wherein the following steps are needed before the assembly factory prefabricated parts and the on-site prefabricated parts are carried out on the construction site:

carrying out construction preparation, namely carrying out construction preparation work before laying a line, wherein the construction preparation work comprises the steps of preparing a construction plan according to a BIM model, compiling a construction drawing, and allocating constructors and equipment;

preparing cables, namely preparing corresponding cables and accessories before starting line laying, namely selecting cables, connectors and sockets with proper specifications according to a BIM model, and performing quality inspection and recording;

the wiring of the line is started according to the construction drawing and the construction requirement, and comprises the steps of determining the trend, the length and the path of the cable, ensuring reasonable cable laying and avoiding cable crossing and clamping loss;

the cable is fixed on a building structure or equipment by using various fixing pieces in the process of laying the circuit, and the fixing pieces comprise fixing clamps, hanging devices and fixing frames, and the installation of the fixing pieces accords with related standards and specifications;

the cable connection and terminal treatment are carried out, and after the cable laying is completed, the cable connection and terminal treatment are carried out, wherein the cable connection and terminal treatment comprise the connection of connectors, the installation of a connection box and the treatment of outgoing lines, so that the reliable cable connection is ensured and the safety requirements are met;

path identification and protection are carried out after the line is laid, and the path identification and protection comprises the steps of marking a cable path, setting a signboard and installing a warning sign so as to facilitate future operation and maintenance work;

and after the line is laid, testing and debugging work of the line, including electrical testing, insulation testing and grounding testing, are carried out so as to ensure the quality and safe operation of the line.

9. The method for managing electromechanical assemblies based on the BIM technology according to claim 1, wherein the assembly factory prefabricated parts are performed on the construction site, and the on-site prefabricated parts are specifically as follows:

positioning equipment, namely positioning unloading equipment, and placing the unloading equipment at a preset position according to the requirements of a BIM model to ensure the alignment and stability of the equipment;

fixing equipment, namely fixing the equipment, connecting the equipment to a building structure by using bolts or supports, and ensuring the stability and safety of the equipment;

connecting pipelines and cables, and connecting the pipelines and the cables according to functions and requirements of equipment, wherein the connecting pipelines and the cables comprise an access conveying pipeline, a connecting cable, an installation valve, a connector and a socket;

after the installation is completed, the equipment is subjected to adjustment and calibration work, including horizontal and vertical adjustment of the equipment, the tension of the pipelines and the cables is adjusted, and the installation position and the angle of the equipment are confirmed;

the connection control system is used for connecting the equipment with a control system of a building so as to ensure the automatic control and operation of the equipment;

safety inspection and testing, namely performing safety inspection and testing work of equipment after installation, wherein the safety inspection and testing work comprises electrical safety testing, equipment function testing and working state testing, and ensuring that the safety and performance of the equipment meet the requirements;

terminal processing and insulation protection, processing, protecting and insulation processing are carried out on the wiring terminal of the equipment, so that the safety and reliability of the electrical connection of the equipment are ensured, and electric leakage and electrical faults are prevented.

10. The method for managing electromechanical assembly based on BIM technology according to claim 1, wherein the post-construction acceptance is performed after the electromechanical assembly of the building is completed, specifically comprising the following steps:

checking a bill of materials, checking electromechanical equipment and the bill of materials, confirming whether the bill of materials is consistent with design and contract requirements, and checking whether the materials have a qualified certificate and a related report;

checking equipment installation, namely checking the installation of electromechanical equipment, confirming whether the equipment is installed correctly according to the requirements of a design drawing and a specification, and checking whether the equipment is fixed and connected firmly;

checking the circuit and the cable, namely checking the circuit and the cable wiring of the electromechanical equipment, wherein the circuit trend, the laying mode, the connector and the socket are included, so that the circuit connection is accurate and meets the safety requirement;

the equipment operation test is carried out on the electromechanical equipment, the normal operation of the electromechanical equipment is confirmed, and the contents of the test comprise an electrical test, a functional test and a performance test so as to ensure that the equipment meets the design and specification requirements;

the grounding and insulation inspection is carried out on the grounding and insulation of the electromechanical equipment, so that the safety grounding and insulation protection of the equipment are ensured, and electric leakage and electric faults are prevented;

checking safety facilities, namely checking the safety facilities, including fire-fighting equipment, emergency power-off equipment and alarm equipment, so as to ensure the normal installation and functions of the safety facilities;

checking the file and the certification file, checking the use instruction, the maintenance manual and the maintenance certificate file of the electromechanical equipment, and checking whether the related procedures and the record are finished;

the method comprises the steps of compiling a finished acceptance report, compiling the finished acceptance report according to the actual acceptance situation, recording the results of equipment installation and testing, and ensuring that key problems are recorded and solved;

completing the acceptance meeting, holding the acceptance meeting, reporting the acceptance result, and discussing necessary modification and subsequent measures to ensure the quality and performance of equipment installation;

completion acceptance approval, after confirmation of acceptance report and meeting summary, is made by the relevant department or owner representative.