CN117348001B - Dual-excitation dual-receiving borehole radar detection system and method for deep ground environment - Google Patents
Dual-excitation dual-receiving borehole radar detection system and method for deep ground environment Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 91
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 91
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/885—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for ground probing
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/282—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/285—Receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/18—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V3/30—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with electromagnetic waves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
Abstract
The invention relates to a double-excitation double-receiving well radar detection system and a method for deep ground environment, wherein the system comprises well equipment containing double excitation double-emission and ground equipment, the ground equipment generates radar emission signals and control commands according to preset radar parameters, and the radar emission signals and the control commands are sent to the well equipment through coaxial cables after signal preprocessing; the underground equipment receives radar emission signals, emits electromagnetic wave signals to stratum media, receives electromagnetic wave signals reflected by the stratum media, and transmits the electromagnetic wave signals back to the ground equipment after signal processing; the ground equipment also analyzes according to the received electromagnetic wave signals to determine target parameter information of the well periphery target. The invention can accurately determine the target parameter information of the well periphery target, and the device is light and easy to operate and has strong anti-interference capability through computer display.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geological radar, in particular to a double-excitation double-receiving well radar detection system and method for a deep ground environment.
Background
Under the trend that the development and utilization range of the underground space gradually develops from the shallow layer to the deep layer, the characteristics of high frequency, multiple types and large risk of deep underground engineering construction disasters are gradually highlighted. Meanwhile, the deep engineering has the characteristics of large stratum coverage thickness, complex and changeable earth surface environment, severely restricts the traditional earth surface investigation, and has serious technical challenges of low long-distance earth surface investigation density, weak earth surface geophysical prospecting detection signals, low deep resolution and the like. The advanced geological prediction-drilling combined technical system in the tunnel is mainly used for the geological detection of the deep engineering, the bad geology in a certain range in front of the face can be effectively detected, under the influence of the three-high conditions of high ground temperature, high water pressure and high surrounding rock of the deep stratum, the current common main stream detection equipment faces a plurality of real problems of low intelligent degree, high equipment cost, limited detection depth, poor instantaneity and the like, the requirements of refined detection and active disaster prevention are difficult to meet, and the development and utilization of deep underground space are seriously restricted.
The ground geological radar conventionally used is limited by fields, observation modes, electromagnetic wave interference and the like, so that the penetration depth is shallow, the penetration depth is generally within 10m, the signal to noise ratio is low and the like, deep bad geological bodies in the exploration cannot be effectively explored, survey blind areas exist, and the construction safety of deep ground engineering is difficult to meet. Borehole radar is an important tool for geological exploration and borehole exploration, and has the advantage of performing nondestructive exploration on stratum structures. However, the conventional well radar system generally adopts a single-excitation single-receiving mode, has limited detection capability, is limited in application range to 20-30 m short-distance detection work, is difficult to be applied to a deep underground engineering long-distance disaster source detection task, and cannot meet the requirements of complex stratum structure detection. Accordingly, there is a great need for new borehole radar systems and apparatus to enhance detection capabilities.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a double-excitation double-receiving well radar detection system and method for deep ground environment aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a dual-excitation dual-receiving borehole radar detection system for a deep ground environment, comprising a well equipment containing dual excitation dual-excitation and a surface equipment, wherein the well equipment in the borehole is electrically connected with the surface equipment on the surface through a coaxial cable;
the ground equipment is used for generating radar emission signals according to preset radar parameters, preprocessing the signals, transmitting the signals to the well equipment through the coaxial cable, and generating control commands to the well equipment;
the well equipment is used for receiving the radar emission signal and emitting the radar emission signal to stratum medium; the system is also used for receiving radar reflection signals reflected by stratum media according to the control command, and transmitting the radar reflection signals back to the ground equipment after signal processing;
the ground equipment is also used for analyzing according to the radar reflected signals and determining target parameter information of the well periphery targets.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the deep-ground environment dual-excitation dual-receiving well bore radar detection system, radar emission signals are generated through ground equipment, the radar emission signals are emitted to stratum media through well equipment containing dual-excitation dual-emission and are returned to the ground equipment for analysis and processing after being received, target parameter information of a well periphery target is accurately determined, the well periphery target is displayed through a computer, the well periphery radar detection system is light and easy to operate and high in anti-interference capability, through the adoption of a dual-excitation dual-receiving technology, the rich azimuth detection of a stratum structure is achieved, deeper stratum can be penetrated, detection of the deep stratum is achieved, drilling and detection are carried out simultaneously, detection capability is improved, advanced prediction is achieved, and the well equipment is placed in a well bore and cannot damage the stratum.
Based on the technical scheme, the invention can also be improved as follows:
further: the ground equipment comprises a computer, a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA), a transmitter and a second coupling circuit, wherein the computer is electrically connected with the vector network analyzer, the vector network analyzer is respectively electrically connected with the transmitter and the second coupling circuit, and the transmitter is electrically connected with the second coupling circuit;
the computer is used for setting radar parameters of the vector network analyzer, controlling the vector network analyzer to generate a driving signal according to the radar parameters, and sending a control command to the vector network analyzer;
the transmitter is used for generating a radar transmitting signal according to the driving signal and inputting the radar transmitting signal to the second coupling circuit;
the second coupling circuit is configured to load the control command sent from the vector network analyzer in the radar transmission signal and send the control command to the downhole equipment via the coaxial cable.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: the computer controls the vector network analyzer to generate a driving signal according to radar parameter information, so as to drive the transmitter to generate a radar transmitting signal, the radar transmitting signal is input into the second coupling circuit, and after coupling treatment, the radar transmitting signal is transmitted to the well equipment through the coaxial cable, so that the well transmitting of the radar transmitting signal is realized.
Further: the downhole equipment comprises a sleeve, a transmitting probe, a receiving probe, a downhole control unit and a first coupling circuit; the transmitting probe, the receiving probe, the well control unit and the first coupling circuit are respectively arranged in the sleeve, the transmitting probe, the receiving probe and the first coupling circuit are respectively electrically connected with the well control unit, and the first coupling circuit is electrically connected with the second coupling circuit;
the transmitting probe is used for receiving the radar transmitting signal and transmitting the radar transmitting signal to stratum medium;
the first coupling circuit is used for decoupling the control command and sending the control command to the well control unit;
the well control unit is used for controlling the receiving probe to receive radar reflection signals reflected by stratum media according to the control command and transmitting the radar reflection signals back to the first coupling circuit;
the first coupling circuit is further used for coupling the radar reflected signal and sending the radar reflected signal to the second coupling circuit;
the second coupling circuit is also used for decoupling the radar reflected signal and sending the radar reflected signal to the vector network analyzer;
the vector network analyzer is used for analyzing the radar reflected signals, determining target parameter information of a well periphery target, and sending the target parameter information to the computer for display.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: the radar transmitting signals sent by the ground equipment are transmitted to stratum medium through the transmitting probe, the receiving probe is controlled by the in-well control unit to receive radar reflection signals reflected by the stratum medium, the radar reflection signals are analyzed by the vector network analyzer after signal processing, and the target parameter information of a well periphery target is determined and sent to the computer for display.
Further: the number of the transmitting probes and the receiving probes is two, the sleeve is divided into three sections, the two transmitting probes are respectively arranged in the first section and the second section of the sleeve, and the two receiving probes are arranged in the middle section of the sleeve.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: through setting up two receipts probe of dual-shot, realized the rich position detection to stratum structure, improved the detectability greatly.
Further: the vector network analyzer is used for analyzing the radar reflected signals, and the specific implementation of the target parameter information of the well periphery target is determined as follows:
according to the radar reflection signals, the detection distance of the target beside the well is calculated as follows:
wherein,hdistance between the transmitting probe and the target beside the well;cis the propagation speed of radar in vacuum;tfor the double-pass time of electromagnetic wave in stratum medium;ε r is the relative dielectric constant of the medium.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: by analyzing the radar reflected signals, the target parameter information of the well periphery target can be accurately determined, and the information is displayed through a computer, so that the detection accuracy is greatly improved, and the detection result is convenient and visual.
Further: the first coupling circuit comprises a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, an inductor L1, an inductor L2, a resistor R1, a diode D1 and a diode D2, wherein the data end of the in-well control unit is electrically connected with one end of the inductor L1 through the capacitor C1, the other end of the inductor L1 is grounded, the inductor L1 is coupled with the inductor L2, one end of the inductor L2 is electrically connected with one end of the resistor R1 through the capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R1, the anode of the diode D1 and the cathode of the diode D2 are respectively electrically connected with the anode of the coaxial cable, and the cathode of the diode D1, the anode of the diode D2 and the other end of the inductor L2 are respectively electrically connected with the cathode of the coaxial cable.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: through the inductance and capacitance composite coupling technology, band-pass filtering can be realized, damage to circuit components caused by high voltage can be guaranteed, safe and reliable operation of the circuit can be guaranteed, and accuracy of detection results can be guaranteed.
The invention also provides a double-excitation double-receiving borehole radar detection method of the deep ground environment, which comprises the following steps:
the ground equipment generates radar transmitting signals according to preset radar parameters, performs signal preprocessing, and then transmits the signals to the well equipment through the coaxial cable;
the well equipment receives the radar emission signal and emits the radar emission signal to stratum medium;
the underground equipment receives a control command sent by the ground equipment, receives a radar reflection signal reflected by stratum medium according to the control command, and returns the radar reflection signal to the ground equipment after signal processing;
and the ground equipment analyzes the radar reflected signals and determines target parameter information of the well periphery target.
According to the method for detecting the radar of the double-excitation double-receiving well hole in the deep ground environment, radar emission signals are generated through ground equipment, the radar emission signals are emitted to stratum medium through well equipment containing double excitation double emission and are returned to the ground equipment for analysis and processing after being received, target parameter information of a well periphery target is accurately determined, the well periphery target is displayed through a computer, the well periphery radar detection device is light and easy to operate and high in anti-interference capability, by means of the double-excitation double-receiving technology, the rich azimuth detection of a stratum structure is achieved, deep stratum can be penetrated, deep stratum detection is achieved, detection capability is improved, and the well equipment is placed in the well hole without damage to the stratum.
Further: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a computer sets radar parameters of a vector network analyzer, controls the vector network analyzer to generate a driving signal according to the radar parameters, and generates a radar emission signal according to the driving signal;
the radar transmitting signals are subjected to coupling processing and are sent to a transmitting probe through a coaxial cable, and the transmitting probe receives the radar transmitting signals and transmits the radar transmitting signals to stratum medium;
transmitting a control command to the vector network analyzer, and loading the control command transmitted from the vector network analyzer in a radar transmission signal by a second coupling circuit and transmitting the control command to a first coupling circuit through the coaxial cable;
the first coupling circuit is used for decoupling the control command and sending the control command to the well control unit;
the well control unit controls the receiving probe to receive radar reflection signals reflected by stratum media according to the control command and transmits the radar reflection signals back to the first coupling circuit;
the first coupling circuit is used for coupling the radar reflected signal and transmitting the radar reflected signal to the second coupling circuit;
the second coupling circuit decouples the radar reflected signal and sends the radar reflected signal to the vector network analyzer;
and the vector network analyzer analyzes the radar reflected signals, determines target parameter information of a well periphery target, and sends the target parameter information to the computer for display.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: the computer controls the vector network analyzer to generate a driving signal according to radar parameter information, so as to drive the transmitter to generate a radar transmitting signal, the radar transmitting signal is input to the second coupling circuit, after coupling treatment, the radar transmitting signal is transmitted to the in-well equipment through the coaxial cable, in-well transmission of the radar transmitting signal is realized, the in-well control unit controls the receiving probe to receive a radar reflecting signal reflected by stratum medium, after signal treatment, the vector network analyzer analyzes the radar reflecting signal, and the target parameter information of a well periphery target is determined, and the radar reflecting signal is transmitted to the computer for display.
Further: the vector network analyzer is used for analyzing the radar reflected signals, and the specific implementation of the target parameter information of the well periphery target is determined as follows:
according to the radar reflection signals, the detection distance of the target beside the well is calculated as follows:
wherein,hdistance between the transmitting probe and the target beside the well;cis the propagation speed of radar in vacuum;tfor the double-pass time of electromagnetic wave in stratum medium;ε r is the relative dielectric constant of the medium.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: by analyzing the radar reflected signals, the target parameter information of the well periphery target can be accurately determined, and the information is displayed through a computer, so that the detection accuracy is greatly improved, and the detection result is convenient and visual.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual excitation dual reception borehole radar detection system in a deep ground environment in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a first coupling circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a dual excitation dual reception borehole radar detection method in a deep ground environment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a dual-excitation dual-receiving borehole radar detection system for a deep ground environment comprises a well equipment containing dual excitation dual-excitation and a surface equipment, wherein the well equipment in the borehole is electrically connected with the surface equipment at the surface through a coaxial cable;
the ground equipment is used for generating radar emission signals according to preset radar parameters, preprocessing the signals, transmitting the signals to the well equipment through the coaxial cable, and generating control commands to the well equipment;
the well equipment is used for receiving the radar emission signal and emitting the radar emission signal to stratum medium; the system is also used for receiving radar reflection signals reflected by stratum media according to the control command, and transmitting the radar reflection signals back to the ground equipment after signal processing;
the ground equipment is also used for analyzing according to the radar reflected signals and determining target parameter information of the well periphery targets.
According to the dual-excitation dual-receiving well bore radar detection system for the deep ground environment, radar emission signals are generated through ground equipment, the radar emission signals are emitted to stratum media through well equipment containing dual-excitation dual-emission and are returned to the ground equipment for analysis and processing after being received, target parameter information of a well periphery target is accurately determined, the well periphery target is displayed through a computer, the equipment is light and easy to operate and high in anti-interference capability, by means of the dual-excitation dual-receiving technology, the rich azimuth detection of a stratum structure is achieved, deep stratum can be penetrated, deep stratum detection is achieved, detection capability is improved, and the well equipment is placed in a well bore and cannot damage stratum.
In the embodiments of the present invention, for the deep underground environment, different engineering fields are different for defining the deep, and the deep engineering fields such as civil engineering, mining engineering and the like are often below 1000 meters, and 500 meters or 800 meters are deep under some special environments.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the surface equipment includes a computer, a vector network analyzer, a transmitter, and a second coupling circuit, the computer being electrically connected to the vector network analyzer, the vector network analyzer being electrically connected to the transmitter and the second coupling circuit, respectively, the transmitter being electrically connected to the second coupling circuit;
the computer is used for setting radar parameters of the vector network analyzer, controlling the vector network analyzer to generate a driving signal according to the radar parameters, and sending a control command to the vector network analyzer;
the transmitter is used for generating a radar transmitting signal according to the driving signal and inputting the radar transmitting signal to the second coupling circuit;
the second coupling circuit is configured to load the control command sent from the vector network analyzer in the radar transmission signal and send the control command to the downhole equipment via the coaxial cable.
The computer controls the vector network analyzer to generate a driving signal according to radar parameter information, so as to drive the transmitter to generate a radar transmitting signal, the radar transmitting signal is input into the second coupling circuit, and after coupling treatment, the radar transmitting signal is transmitted to the well equipment through the coaxial cable, so that the well transmitting of the radar transmitting signal is realized.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the downhole apparatus comprises a sleeve, a transmitting probe, a receiving probe, a downhole control unit, and a first coupling circuit; the transmitting probe, the receiving probe, the well control unit and the first coupling circuit are respectively arranged in the sleeve, the transmitting probe, the receiving probe and the first coupling circuit are respectively electrically connected with the well control unit, and the first coupling circuit is electrically connected with the second coupling circuit;
the transmitting probe is used for receiving the radar transmitting signal and transmitting the radar transmitting signal to stratum medium;
the first coupling circuit is used for decoupling the control command and sending the control command to the well control unit;
the well control unit is used for controlling the receiving probe to receive radar reflection signals reflected by stratum media according to the control command and transmitting the radar reflection signals back to the first coupling circuit;
the first coupling circuit is further used for coupling the radar reflected signal and sending the radar reflected signal to the second coupling circuit;
the second coupling circuit is also used for decoupling the radar reflected signal and sending the radar reflected signal to the vector network analyzer;
the vector network analyzer is used for analyzing the radar reflected signals, determining target parameter information of a well periphery target, and sending the target parameter information to the computer for display.
The radar transmitting signals sent by the ground equipment are transmitted to stratum medium through the transmitting probe, the receiving probe is controlled by the in-well control unit to receive radar reflection signals reflected by the stratum medium, the radar reflection signals are analyzed by the vector network analyzer after signal processing, and the target parameter information of a well periphery target is determined and sent to the computer for display.
When the electromagnetic wave propagation device works, the transmitting probe in the well hole transmits a high-frequency electromagnetic pulse signal to the well periphery, and when the electromagnetic wave encounters a medium with electrical difference with the stratum in the propagation process, such as geological stratification, a cavity, rock, dry ice, cracks and the like, the electromagnetic wave is reflected and then received by the receiving probe. The vector network analyzer is used for analyzing the radar reflection signals, forming a bottom layer medium image according to the radar reflection signals, displaying the change information of amplitude, frequency, phase and the like caused by reflection, diffraction and refraction of electromagnetic waves in the propagation process, and analyzing and inverting the key parameters of the position, the size, the relative dielectric constant and the like of the well Zhou Mubiao.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, firstly, due to the specificity of the working mode of the while-drilling radar, the effective diameter of the drill hole is only, so that the transceiver antennas on the transmitting probe and the receiving probe should meet the technical indexes of wide bandwidth, high power capacity, small volume, clean tailing, etc. In addition, the antenna should also be adapted to an environment of high temperature (at least 100 degrees) and high pressure in consideration of the specificity of the deep ground working environment. Specifically, if the transceiver antenna is installed in the notch of the drill collar, no omnibearing radar signal can be acquired, so the invention aims to notch the periphery of the drill collar, and install the transceiver antenna in four directions of 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees to form an antenna array.
In addition, in the working frequency band range of the antenna, the impedance of the antenna often changes drastically along with the frequency, and in the embodiment of the invention, the input impedance of the antenna feed end of the while-drilling radar transmitting probe and the output impedance of the pulse signal source reach impedance matching, and in theory, no matter what matching mode is adopted, the signal reflection caused by the impedance mismatch of the input impedance and the output impedance cannot be completely eliminated. In order to reduce the influence of impedance mismatch as much as possible, the embodiment of the invention adopts a bandwidth matching scheme of parallel resistors, namely, resistors are connected in parallel at two ends of a feed pulse source.
Furthermore, due to the requirement of advanced prediction of geological disasters of deep engineering, the while-drilling radar equipment needs to detect a longer distance, and the characteristics of strong penetrating capacity, long transmission distance, high resolution, low cost and the like of the time domain pulse signal are considered. Considering the limited space in the pit, the invention generates high-power pulse signals through surface equipment, then the high-power pulse signals are transmitted into the pit by cables, and finally the high-power pulse signals are radiated into the stratum by transmitting antennas.
Finally, parameters of the pulse signals are determined according to detection indexes, the wider the pulse width is, namely the lower the center frequency is, the stronger the electromagnetic wave penetrating capacity of a medium is, the farther the detection distance is, but the miniaturization difficulty of the instrument is high; the narrower the pulse width, i.e., the higher the center frequency, the higher the resolution of the radar system and the ease of miniaturization, but the shorter the detection distance. Considering that the spectrum of the first-order Gaussian pulse with the peak-to-peak pulse width of 1ns is mainly distributed between 80 MHz and 700MHz and is easy to realize, the invention adopts the first-order Gaussian pulse as an antenna signal source of a transmitting probe.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the number of the transmitting probes and the receiving probes is two, the sleeve is divided into three sections, the two transmitting probes are respectively arranged in the first section and the second section of the sleeve, and the two receiving probes are arranged in the middle section of the sleeve. Through setting up two receipts probe of dual-shot, realized the rich position detection to stratum structure, improved the detectability greatly.
In the embodiment of the invention, the transmitting probe is provided with a low-frequency channel, consists of a pair of monopole antennas and works in a frequency band of 100-900 MHz, and the effective detection radius is 50m; the frequency band range of the high-frequency channel is 1-20GHz, and the effective detection radius is 15m; the transmitting probe adopts a pulse modulator to generate electromagnetic waves (horizontally polarized waves or vertically polarized waves) with different polarizations, and continuously transmits the electromagnetic waves into the stratum at a certain time sequence and frequency. The computer is mainly used for displaying radar acquisition data and can rapidly generate high-definition stratum images.
In practice, solid plastic struts are also arranged in the sleeve, and antennas of each circuit and each probe are embedded on the surfaces of the solid plastic struts, so that the whole well equipment can work stably and reliably when the whole well equipment stretches into the well hole.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the vector network analyzer is configured to analyze the radar reflection signal, and the determining the target parameter information of the well periphery target is specifically implemented as follows:
according to the radar reflection signals, the detection distance of the target beside the well is calculated as follows:
wherein,hdistance between the transmitting probe and the target beside the well;cis the propagation speed of radar in vacuum;tfor the double-pass time of electromagnetic wave in stratum medium;ε r is the relative dielectric constant of the medium.
The reflection amplitude of electromagnetic wave is mainly determined by the reflection coefficient R of an interface with electrical difference, and the expression is as follows:
wherein ε 1 Dielectric constant of the interfacial upper layer medium; epsilon 2 Dielectric constant of the interface lower medium; r is a reflectance, wherein R is simultaneously determinedDetermining the phase relation between the reflected signal and the incident signal, and when R is positive, determining the phases of the reflected signal and the incident signal to be the same; when R is negative, the reflected signal undergoes a phase inversion.
By analyzing the radar reflected signals, the target parameter information of the well periphery target can be accurately determined, and the information is displayed through a computer, so that the detection accuracy is greatly improved, and the detection result is convenient and visual.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the first coupling circuit includes a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, an inductor L1, an inductor L2, a resistor R1, a diode D1 and a diode D2, the data end of the in-well control unit is electrically connected with one end of the inductor L1 through the capacitor C1, the other end of the inductor L1 is grounded, the inductor L1 is coupled with the inductor L2, one end of the inductor L2 is electrically connected with one end of the resistor R1 through the capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R1, the anode of the diode D1 and the cathode of the diode D2 are respectively electrically connected with the anode of the coaxial cable, and the cathode of the diode D1, the anode of the diode D2 and the other end of the inductor L2 are respectively electrically connected with the cathode of the coaxial cable. In practice, the first coupling circuit and the second coupling circuit may be the same circuit.
Through the inductance and capacitance composite coupling technology, band-pass filtering can be realized, damage to circuit components caused by high voltage can be guaranteed, safe and reliable operation of the circuit can be guaranteed, and accuracy of detection results can be guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 3, the invention further provides a dual-excitation dual-receiving borehole radar detection method of a deep ground environment, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the ground equipment generates radar transmitting signals according to preset radar parameters, performs signal preprocessing, and then transmits the signals to the well equipment through the coaxial cable;
s2: the well equipment receives the radar emission signal and emits the radar emission signal to stratum medium;
s3: the underground equipment receives a control command sent by the ground equipment, receives a radar reflection signal reflected by stratum medium according to the control command, and returns the radar reflection signal to the ground equipment after signal processing;
s4: and the ground equipment analyzes the radar reflected signals and determines target parameter information of the well periphery target.
According to the method for detecting the radar of the double-excitation double-receiving well hole in the deep ground environment, radar emission signals are generated through ground equipment, the radar emission signals are emitted to stratum medium through well equipment containing double excitation double emission and are returned to the ground equipment for analysis and processing after being received, target parameter information of a well periphery target is accurately determined, the well periphery target is displayed through a computer, the well periphery radar detection device is light and easy to operate and high in anti-interference capability, by means of the double-excitation double-receiving technology, the rich azimuth detection of a stratum structure is achieved, deep stratum can be penetrated, deep stratum detection is achieved, detection capability is improved, and the well equipment is placed in the well hole without damage to the stratum.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the method specifically includes the steps of:
s11: the method comprises the steps that a computer sets radar parameters of a vector network analyzer, controls the vector network analyzer to generate a driving signal according to the radar parameters, and generates a radar emission signal according to the driving signal;
s12: the radar transmitting signals are subjected to coupling processing and are sent to a transmitting probe through a coaxial cable, and the transmitting probe receives the radar transmitting signals and transmits the radar transmitting signals to stratum medium;
s13: transmitting a control command to the vector network analyzer, and loading the control command transmitted from the vector network analyzer in a radar transmission signal by a second coupling circuit and transmitting the control command to a first coupling circuit through the coaxial cable;
s14: the first coupling circuit is used for decoupling the control command and sending the control command to the well control unit;
s15: the well control unit controls the receiving probe to receive radar reflection signals reflected by stratum media according to the control command and transmits the radar reflection signals back to the first coupling circuit;
s16: the first coupling circuit is used for coupling the radar reflected signal and transmitting the radar reflected signal to the second coupling circuit;
s17: the second coupling circuit decouples the radar reflected signal and sends the radar reflected signal to the vector network analyzer;
s18: and the vector network analyzer analyzes the radar reflected signals, determines target parameter information of a well periphery target, and sends the target parameter information to the computer for display.
The computer controls the vector network analyzer to generate a driving signal according to radar parameter information, so as to drive the transmitter to generate a radar transmitting signal, the radar transmitting signal is input to the second coupling circuit, after coupling treatment, the radar transmitting signal is transmitted to the in-well equipment through the coaxial cable, in-well transmission of the radar transmitting signal is realized, the in-well control unit controls the receiving probe to receive a radar reflecting signal reflected by stratum medium, after signal treatment, the vector network analyzer analyzes the radar reflecting signal, and the target parameter information of a well periphery target is determined, and the radar reflecting signal is transmitted to the computer for display.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the vector network analyzer is configured to analyze the radar reflection signal, and the determining the target parameter information of the well periphery target is specifically implemented as follows:
according to the radar reflection signals, the detection distance of the target beside the well is calculated as follows:
wherein,hdistance between the transmitting probe and the target beside the well;cis the propagation speed of radar in vacuum;tfor the double-pass time of electromagnetic wave in stratum medium;ε r is the relative dielectric constant of the medium.
By analyzing the radar reflected signals, the target parameter information of the well periphery target can be accurately determined, and the information is displayed through a computer, so that the detection accuracy is greatly improved, and the detection result is convenient and visual.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A dual excitation dual reception borehole radar detection system for a deep ground environment, characterized by: the system comprises well equipment containing double excitation and double reception and surface equipment, wherein the well equipment in a well hole is electrically connected with the surface equipment at the surface through a coaxial cable;
the ground equipment is used for generating radar emission signals according to preset radar parameters, preprocessing the signals, transmitting the signals to the well equipment through the coaxial cable, and generating control commands to the well equipment;
the well equipment is used for receiving the radar emission signal and emitting the radar emission signal to stratum medium; the system is also used for receiving radar reflection signals reflected by stratum media according to the control command, and transmitting the radar reflection signals back to the ground equipment after signal processing;
the ground equipment is also used for analyzing according to the radar reflected signals and determining target parameter information of a well periphery target;
the ground equipment comprises a computer, a vector network analyzer, a transmitter and a second coupling circuit, wherein the computer is electrically connected with the vector network analyzer, the vector network analyzer is respectively electrically connected with the transmitter and the second coupling circuit, and the transmitter is electrically connected with the second coupling circuit;
the computer is used for setting radar parameters of the vector network analyzer, controlling the vector network analyzer to generate a driving signal according to the radar parameters, and sending a control command to the vector network analyzer;
the transmitter is used for generating a radar transmitting signal according to the driving signal and inputting the radar transmitting signal to the second coupling circuit;
the second coupling circuit is used for loading the control command sent from the vector network analyzer in the radar emission signal and sending the control command to the well equipment through the coaxial cable;
the downhole equipment comprises a sleeve, a transmitting probe, a receiving probe, a downhole control unit and a first coupling circuit; the transmitting probe, the receiving probe, the well control unit and the first coupling circuit are respectively arranged in the sleeve, the transmitting probe, the receiving probe and the first coupling circuit are respectively electrically connected with the well control unit, and the first coupling circuit is electrically connected with the second coupling circuit;
the transmitting probe is used for receiving the radar transmitting signal and transmitting the radar transmitting signal to stratum medium;
the first coupling circuit is used for decoupling the control command and sending the control command to the well control unit;
the well control unit is used for controlling the receiving probe to receive radar reflection signals reflected by stratum media according to the control command and transmitting the radar reflection signals back to the first coupling circuit;
the first coupling circuit is further used for coupling the radar reflected signal and sending the radar reflected signal to the second coupling circuit;
the second coupling circuit is also used for decoupling the radar reflected signal and sending the radar reflected signal to the vector network analyzer;
the vector network analyzer is used for analyzing the radar reflected signals, determining target parameter information of a well periphery target, and sending the target parameter information to the computer for display;
the number of the transmitting probes and the receiving probes is two, the sleeve is divided into three sections, the two transmitting probes are respectively arranged in the first section and the second section of the sleeve, and the two receiving probes are arranged in the middle section of the sleeve.
2. The deep ground environment dual excitation dual reception borehole radar detection system of claim 1, wherein: the vector network analyzer is used for analyzing the radar reflected signals, and the specific implementation of the target parameter information of the well periphery target is determined as follows:
according to the radar reflection signals, the detection distance of the target beside the well is calculated as follows:
；
wherein,hdistance between the transmitting probe and the target beside the well;cis the propagation speed of radar in vacuum;tfor the double-pass time of electromagnetic wave in stratum medium;is the relative dielectric constant of the medium.
3. The deep ground environment dual excitation dual reception borehole radar detection system of claim 1, wherein: the first coupling circuit comprises a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, an inductor L1, an inductor L2, a resistor R1, a diode D1 and a diode D2, wherein the data end of the in-well control unit is electrically connected with one end of the inductor L1 through the capacitor C1, the other end of the inductor L1 is grounded, the inductor L1 is coupled with the inductor L2, one end of the inductor L2 is electrically connected with one end of the resistor R1 through the capacitor C2, the other end of the resistor R1, the anode of the diode D1 and the cathode of the diode D2 are respectively electrically connected with the anode of the coaxial cable, and the cathode of the diode D1, the anode of the diode D2 and the other end of the inductor L2 are respectively electrically connected with the cathode of the coaxial cable.
4. A method for dual excitation dual reception borehole radar detection in a deep ground environment using the dual excitation dual reception borehole radar detection system in a deep ground environment according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the ground equipment generates radar transmitting signals according to preset radar parameters, performs signal preprocessing, and then transmits the signals to the well equipment through the coaxial cable;
the well equipment receives the radar emission signal and emits the radar emission signal to stratum medium;
the underground equipment receives a control command sent by the ground equipment, receives a radar reflection signal reflected by stratum medium according to the control command, and returns the radar reflection signal to the ground equipment after signal processing;
the ground equipment analyzes the radar reflected signals and determines target parameter information of a well periphery target;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a computer sets radar parameters of a vector network analyzer, controls the vector network analyzer to generate a driving signal according to the radar parameters, and generates a radar emission signal according to the driving signal;
the radar transmitting signals are subjected to coupling processing and are sent to a transmitting probe through a coaxial cable, and the transmitting probe receives the radar transmitting signals and transmits the radar transmitting signals to stratum medium;
transmitting a control command to the vector network analyzer, and loading the control command transmitted from the vector network analyzer in a radar transmission signal by a second coupling circuit and transmitting the control command to a first coupling circuit through the coaxial cable;
the first coupling circuit is used for decoupling the control command and sending the control command to the well control unit;
the well control unit controls the receiving probe to receive radar reflection signals reflected by stratum media according to the control command and transmits the radar reflection signals back to the first coupling circuit;
the first coupling circuit is used for coupling the radar reflected signal and transmitting the radar reflected signal to the second coupling circuit;
the second coupling circuit decouples the radar reflected signal and sends the radar reflected signal to the vector network analyzer;
and the vector network analyzer analyzes the radar reflected signals, determines target parameter information of a well periphery target, and sends the target parameter information to the computer for display.
5. The deep ground environment dual excitation dual reception borehole radar detection method of claim 4, wherein: the vector network analyzer is used for analyzing the radar reflected signals, and the specific implementation of the target parameter information of the well periphery target is determined as follows:
according to the radar reflection signals, the detection distance of the target beside the well is calculated as follows:
；
wherein,hdistance between the transmitting probe and the target beside the well;cis the propagation speed of radar in vacuum;tfor the double-pass time of electromagnetic wave in stratum medium;is the relative dielectric constant of the medium.
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