CN117346661A - Chain pin shaft detection method, system and storage medium - Google Patents

Chain pin shaft detection method, system and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117346661A
CN117346661A CN202311459356.7A CN202311459356A CN117346661A CN 117346661 A CN117346661 A CN 117346661A CN 202311459356 A CN202311459356 A CN 202311459356A CN 117346661 A CN117346661 A CN 117346661A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pin shaft
detected
judging
image
pin
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Pending
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CN202311459356.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙举
汪水林
俞燕
盘银发
钟迪
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Hangzhou Qianjiang Chain Industries Co ltd
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Hangzhou Qianjiang Chain Industries Co ltd
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Application filed by Hangzhou Qianjiang Chain Industries Co ltd filed Critical Hangzhou Qianjiang Chain Industries Co ltd
Priority to CN202311459356.7A priority Critical patent/CN117346661A/en
Publication of CN117346661A publication Critical patent/CN117346661A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/08Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/26Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/28Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring areas
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/30Computing systems specially adapted for manufacturing

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of chain pin shaft processing, in particular to a chain pin shaft detection method, a system and a storage medium, which comprise the following steps: acquiring a verification image containing a pin shaft to be tested; acquiring reference characteristics corresponding to the verification image, and judging a shooting direction corresponding to the verification image based on the reference characteristics, wherein the reference characteristics are characterized as display characteristics of a placing base for placing a pin shaft to be tested in the verification image; selecting corresponding judging contents according to the shooting direction, detecting and judging the pin shaft to be detected based on the judging contents, wherein the judging contents comprise length, diameter, area and parallel relation; and acquiring a judging result corresponding to the judging content, and judging whether the pin shaft to be detected is qualified or not based on the judging result. The pin shaft quality detection judging method has the effect of realizing high efficiency and high accuracy.

Description

Chain pin shaft detection method, system and storage medium
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of chain pin shaft processing, in particular to a chain pin shaft detection method, a system and a storage medium.
Background
The chain is a mechanical structure commonly used in the current industrial production and daily machinery, and is composed of parts such as an outer chain plate, an inner chain plate, a pin shaft, a sleeve, a roller and the like, and is mainly used on various transmission mechanisms such as a crane, a bicycle and the like.
The pin shaft is a metal solid cylinder with a smooth surface, and when the quality of the pin shaft is detected after the pin shaft is produced and processed, the pin shaft is mainly based on manual detection. The detection content comprises the length and the diameter of a pin shaft, the detection method is that the pin shaft is placed on a tool provided with a plurality of semicircular grooves, the diameter of each semicircular groove on the tool is the same as that of the pin shaft, and a plurality of pin shafts are correspondingly arranged on one semicircular groove from head to tail and judged according to the number and the whole length.
However, according to the method, workers are required to compare the length, the diameter and other data of the pin shaft in a manual comparison mode, so that on one hand, the detection efficiency is low, and on the other hand, the detection accuracy is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The pin shaft quality detection judgment method and device are used for realizing pin shaft quality detection judgment with high efficiency and high accuracy.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for detecting a chain pin, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the chain pin shaft detection method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a verification image containing a pin shaft to be tested;
acquiring reference characteristics corresponding to the verification image, and judging a shooting direction corresponding to the verification image based on the reference characteristics, wherein the reference characteristics are characterized as display characteristics of a placement base for placing the pin shaft to be tested in the verification image;
Selecting corresponding judging contents according to the shooting direction, and detecting and judging the pin shaft to be detected based on the judging contents, wherein the judging contents comprise length, diameter, area and parallel relation;
and acquiring a judging result corresponding to judging content, and judging whether the pin shaft to be tested is qualified or not based on the judging result.
In other embodiments, acquiring a verification image containing a pin to be tested includes the steps of:
judging whether a trigger signal is acquired or not, wherein the trigger signal is characterized by confirming that a pin shaft to be detected is at a target position so as to need to shoot the pin shaft to be detected to acquire a signal corresponding to an image;
if yes, acquiring an image to be confirmed sent by a camera which shoots after being triggered by a trigger signal;
judging whether a complete pin shaft image to be detected exists in the image to be detected, wherein the completed pin shaft image to be detected is characterized in that in the verification image, the edges of the two sides of the pin shaft to be detected are not overlapped with the image edge of the image to be detected;
if yes, the image to be confirmed is taken as a final verification image;
if not, re-acquiring an image to be confirmed sent by a camera which is triggered by the trigger signal and shoots until a complete pin shaft image to be tested exists in the image to be confirmed, and confirming the image to be confirmed as a verification image.
In other embodiments, the method for obtaining the reference feature corresponding to the verification image and judging the shooting direction corresponding to the verification image based on the reference feature includes the following steps:
judging the position relation between the reference characteristic and the pin shaft to be tested in the verification image;
if the reference feature is located below the pin shaft to be detected in the verification image, the shooting direction is forward shooting, and the verification image is characterized as a front view;
if the reference feature covers the pin shaft to be detected in the verification image, the shooting direction is a nodding direction shooting, and the verification image is characterized as a top view.
In other embodiments, selecting the corresponding determination content according to the shooting direction includes:
if the shooting direction is forward shooting, acquiring the length corresponding to the pin shaft to be detected in the verification image;
if the shooting direction is the downward shooting, one or more of the length, the diameter, the area and the parallel relation corresponding to the pin shaft to be detected in the verification image are acquired.
In other embodiments, if the shooting direction is forward shooting, the detecting and determining the pin to be detected based on the determining content includes the following steps:
Acquiring a first edge line corresponding to one end, far away from the reference feature, of the pin shaft to be detected in the verification image, and taking the first edge line as a length reference line to acquire the corresponding length of the first edge line;
or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
acquiring second edge lines corresponding to two sides of the pin shaft to be detected in the verification image in the direction perpendicular to the length direction, and acquiring any connecting line between the two second edge lines, wherein two ends of the connecting line are respectively positioned on the two second edge lines, the connecting line is perpendicular to the two second edge lines, and the connecting line is used as a length reference line to acquire the corresponding length of the connecting line;
judging whether the length corresponding to the length reference line is matched with the length of the pre-uploaded qualified piece, and judging whether the pin shaft to be detected is qualified according to a matching result.
In other embodiments, if the shooting direction is the nodding direction, the detecting and determining the pin to be detected based on the determining content includes the following steps:
acquiring two third edge lines in the length direction of the pin shaft to be tested and two fourth edge lines perpendicular to the length direction of the pin shaft to be tested in the verification image;
Selecting any one third edge line or any connecting line between two fourth edge lines, and taking the connecting line as a length reference line to obtain corresponding lengths, wherein two ends of the connecting line are respectively positioned on the two fourth edge lines and are perpendicular to the two fourth edge lines;
judging whether the length corresponding to the length reference line is matched with the length of the pre-uploaded qualified piece or not, and judging whether the pin shaft to be detected is qualified or not according to a matching result;
and/or the number of the groups of groups,
any fourth edge line or any connecting line between the two third edge lines is selected and used as a diameter reference line, and two ends of the connecting line are respectively positioned on the two third edge lines and are perpendicular to the two third edge lines;
judging whether the diameter corresponding to the diameter reference line is matched with the length of a pre-uploaded qualified piece or not, and judging whether the pin shaft to be detected is qualified or not according to a matching result;
and/or the number of the groups of groups,
calculating the area of the pin shaft to be measured according to the length reference line and the diameter reference line;
judging whether the area is matched with the area of the qualified piece uploaded in advance, and judging whether the pin shaft to be tested is qualified according to a matching result;
And/or the number of the groups of groups,
calculating the magnitude of an included angle between the adjacent third edge line and fourth edge line, and acquiring the parallel relationship between the two third edge lines and between the two fourth edge lines according to the magnitude of a plurality of included angles;
judging whether the pin shaft to be tested is qualified or not according to the parallel relation.
In other embodiments, the determining content further includes detecting the concave-convex, and detecting and determining the pin to be detected based on the determining content further includes:
judging whether the edge line corresponding to the pin shaft to be detected in forward shooting or downward shooting is a straight line or not, and judging whether the pin shaft to be detected has edge concave-convex or not according to a judging result;
acquiring a reference pixel gray value in a reference image shot by the preset qualified piece under unified illumination, wherein the unified illumination is characterized by fixed illumination intensity and illumination direction in a shooting area of a pin shaft to be detected;
and acquiring a gray value corresponding to each pixel of the pin shaft to be tested in the verification image under unified illumination, comparing the gray value with the gray value of the reference pixel, and judging whether the pin shaft to be tested has surface concave-convex or not according to the comparison result.
In other embodiments, after obtaining a determination result corresponding to the determination content and determining whether the pin to be tested is qualified based on the determination result, the method further includes:
Generating a corresponding result label according to whether the pin shaft to be tested is qualified or not;
and sending the pin shaft to be tested to a corresponding processing partition based on the result label.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a chain pin detecting system, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a chain pin detection system comprising:
the placing base is used for placing the pin shaft to be tested and conveying the pin shaft to be tested;
the camera assembly comprises a plurality of cameras for shooting the pin shafts to be detected at different angles, and the cameras generate corresponding verification images after shooting the pin shafts to be detected;
the processing terminal is used for acquiring a verification image containing the pin shaft to be detected, acquiring a reference characteristic corresponding to the verification image, and judging a shooting direction corresponding to the verification image based on the reference characteristic, wherein the reference characteristic is characterized by a display characteristic of the placement base in the verification image;
the method is also used for selecting corresponding judging contents according to the shooting direction, detecting and judging the pin shaft to be detected based on the judging contents, wherein the judging contents comprise length, diameter, area and parallel relation; and acquiring a judging result corresponding to judging content, and judging whether the pin shaft to be tested is qualified or not based on the judging result.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a chain pin detection system, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the chain pin detection method described above.
In summary, the present application includes the following beneficial technical effects:
the method for detecting whether the pin shaft is qualified or not is changed from manual visual inspection or comparison by means of mechanical comparison equipment into full-automatic detection through image characteristics, and compared with manual inspection, the comparison precision of image processing is greatly improved, so that the quality detection of the pin shaft is quicker and more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall flow diagram of a chain pin detection method in the present application;
FIG. 2 is a corresponding verification image taken in the forward direction in the present application;
FIG. 3 is a corresponding verification image taken in a prone direction in the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of detection determination of a length at the time of forward shooting in the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of detection determination of a length at the time of depression shooting in the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of detection determination of a diameter at the time of depression shooting in the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the chain pin detection system of the present application;
fig. 8 is an elevation view of the chain pin detection system of the present application.
In the figure, 1, a pin shaft to be measured; 2. placing a base; 3. a first edge line; 4. a second edge line; 5. a connecting wire; 6. a third edge line; 7. a fourth edge line; 8. and a camera assembly.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-8.
As shown in fig. 1, the application discloses a chain pin shaft detection method, which comprises the following steps:
s100, acquiring a verification image containing the pin shaft 1 to be tested.
The verification image is shot by the camera, and the pin shaft 1 to be tested is positioned in the verification image.
S200, acquiring reference features corresponding to the verification image, and judging the shooting direction corresponding to the verification image based on the reference features.
The reference feature is characterized by the display feature of the placement base 2 for placing the pin 1 to be tested in the verification image. Normally, when the pin 1 to be measured is photographed, the pin 1 to be measured must be placed on a certain placing medium and photographed, and then the component for providing the placing position for the pin 1 to be measured is a corresponding reference feature, such as a conveyor belt, a table top, a disc, a workbench, etc., and all the components are characterized as the placing base 2.
In this case, the corresponding reference feature in the frame of the verification image must be photographed, and the photographing direction can be determined according to the positional relationship between the reference feature and the pin 1 to be measured.
S300, corresponding judging contents are selected according to the shooting direction, detection judgment is carried out on the pin shaft 1 to be detected based on the judging contents, and the judging contents comprise length, diameter, area and parallel relation.
The images of the whole pin shaft are similar in the whole because the pin shaft is a cylindrical component and the shapes of the top view, the bottom view and the front view are basically similar, but the images of the pin shaft 1 to be detected in verification images in certain directions can be blocked to a certain extent by the reference characteristics because the positions of the cameras corresponding to the different shooting directions are different, so that the judgment contents of the images are different in the different shooting directions.
The length refers to the overall length of the pin shaft in the length direction, the diameter is a necessary detection feature of the cylindrical pin shaft, the area is characterized by the overall surface area of the pin shaft 1 to be detected, and the area corresponding to the image of the pin shaft 1 to be detected, which is displayed in the verification image, can also be the area corresponding to the image of the pin shaft 1 to be detected, and the parallel relation indicates whether the two side edges of the pin shaft 1 to be detected in the length direction and the two side edges of the pin shaft 1 to be detected in the direction perpendicular to the length direction are parallel to each other.
S400, obtaining a judging result corresponding to judging content, and judging whether the pin shaft 1 to be tested is qualified or not based on the judging result.
And detecting and judging one or more judging contents, obtaining judging results, and judging whether the pin shaft 1 to be detected is qualified or not according to the judging results.
Through the steps, the method for detecting whether the pin shaft is qualified or not is changed from manual visual inspection or comparison by means of mechanical comparison equipment into full-automatic detection through image characteristics, and compared with manual inspection, the comparison precision of image processing is greatly improved, so that the quality detection of the pin shaft is quicker and more accurate.
In other embodiments, acquiring a verification image containing the pin 1 to be tested includes the steps of:
s110, judging whether a trigger signal is acquired.
The triggering signal is characterized by confirming that the pin shaft 1 to be detected is at a target position so as to need to shoot the pin shaft 1 to be detected to acquire a signal corresponding to an image.
The transmitting end of the trigger signal is an infrared detection head in the application, which transmits infrared light rays to the direction of a medium for placing the pin shaft 1 to be detected, judges that the pin shaft exists according to the change of the infrared light rays when the pin shaft appears at the corresponding position, and generates a corresponding trigger signal to a corresponding camera.
Therefore, when the target position does not have the pin shaft 1 to be detected, the camera can not shoot an image, but when the pin shaft 1 to be detected passes through the target position corresponding to the infrared detection head or a worker places the pin shaft on the target position, the infrared detection head can generate a trigger signal to the camera so as to shoot the pin shaft 1 to be detected.
S120, if yes, acquiring an image to be confirmed sent by a camera shooting after triggering by the trigger signal.
If the trigger signal is acquired, the camera shoots according to the trigger signal, and an image shot by the camera is acquired, wherein the image is defined as an image to be confirmed.
S130, judging whether a complete image of the pin shaft 1 to be tested exists in the image to be confirmed.
The completed image of the pin shaft 1 to be detected is characterized in that in the verification image, the edges of the two sides of the pin shaft 1 to be detected are not overlapped with the image edges of the image to be confirmed.
In some cases, it is possible that the pin 1 to be tested is driven by a conveyor belt or a conveying mechanism, and moves to a target area corresponding to the camera after passing through the infrared detection head, where the infrared detection head detects that there is a pin to send a trigger signal to the camera so that a certain error exists between a time interval when the camera shoots and a time interval when the pin 1 to be tested moves from the position of the infrared detection head to the target position.
Then in the image obtained after the camera shoots, the pin shaft to be detected is possibly incompletely displayed, and the subsequent judging process cannot be accurately performed, so that whether the image can be used as a final verification image or not needs to be determined by judging whether the image to be confirmed is the complete pin shaft 1 to be detected.
For example, in fig. 2-a, one end of the pin 1 to be measured on the right side in the image is overlapped with the right side of the display area of the image to be confirmed, at this time, whether the current right side of the pin 1 to be measured is the rightmost side edge of the pin 1 to be measured or the edge overlap caused by that part of the pin 1 to be measured does not enter the frame of the camera is not confirmed, so at this time, in order to reduce the judgment errors of the data such as the subsequent length, the complete image of the pin 1 to be measured is considered to be absent in the image to be confirmed.
In fig. 2-B, any side edge of the pin 1 to be measured does not coincide with the image edge of the image to be confirmed, and then the pin 1 to be measured is considered to be completely present in the image to be confirmed.
And S140, if yes, taking the image to be confirmed as a final verification image.
And S150, if not, re-acquiring an image to be confirmed sent by a camera shooting after triggering by the triggering signal until a complete image of the pin shaft 1 to be tested exists in the image to be confirmed, and confirming the image to be confirmed as a verification image.
If a complete image of the pin 1 to be tested exists in the image to be tested, such as the state in 2-B of FIG. 2, the image to be tested is taken as a final verification image.
If the image to be confirmed does not have a complete image of the pin 1 to be tested, such as the state in 2-a of fig. 2, a trigger signal needs to be regenerated to the camera so that the camera shoots the pin 1 to be tested again. Because a certain time interval exists between the first shooting of the camera and the processing of the image and then the second shooting, the pin shaft 1 to be tested moves a certain distance along with the conveying mechanism in the time interval, and possibly the pin shaft can completely appear in the image to be confirmed in the second shooting.
It should be noted that, when there is no complete image of the pin 1 to be checked in the image to be checked, another situation is also included, for example, 2-C in fig. 2, where the pin 1 to be checked is in the advancing direction, the edge on the other side is already overlapped on the other edge of the image to be checked, which represents that the moving distance of the pin 1 to be checked is too large when the camera shoots, and if shooting is performed again, the moving distance of the pin 1 to be checked is further, the smaller the display area of the pin 1 to be checked appears in the image to be checked, so that the subsequent determination work cannot be completed in this case, and the determination result is directly set to be unknown. The pin 1 to be measured, which is determined to be unknown, needs to go to a separate area and the photographing determination is performed again in the subsequent work.
In other embodiments, the method for acquiring the reference feature corresponding to the verification image and judging the shooting direction corresponding to the verification image based on the reference feature includes the following steps:
s210, judging the position relation between the reference characteristic and the pin shaft 1 to be tested in the verification image.
The reference feature is characterized as an object on which the pin 1 to be measured is placed, and then the positional relationship between the pin 1 to be measured and the object on which the pin 1 to be measured is placed may indicate from which direction the camera is taking this verification image.
S220, if the reference feature is located below the pin 1 to be tested in the verification image, the shooting direction is forward shooting, and the verification image is characterized as a front view.
As shown in fig. 2, if the reference feature is located below the pin 1 to be measured in the verification image, it means that the camera is photographed from a direction toward the side of the reference feature and the side of the entire pin 1 to be measured. Note that "below" here is an up-down relationship of a display screen from the verification image itself, and does not refer to an up-down relationship in actual cases.
And S230, if the reference feature covers the pin shaft 1 to be detected in the verification image, the shooting direction is the nodding direction, and the verification image is characterized as a top view.
As shown in fig. 3, if the entire size of the reference feature is covered on the pin 1 to be measured in the verification image, the shooting direction in the actual situation is located above the pin 1 to be measured and the reference feature, and shooting is performed toward the top view angles of the pin 1 to be measured and the reference feature. The coverage is characterized in that the imaging of the pin shaft 1 to be detected in the verification image is in the imaging of the reference feature, and the imaging of the reference feature in the verification image corresponds to the top surface of the placed object corresponding to the reference feature.
In the method of the embodiment of the present application, only the verification images corresponding to the forward direction and the depression direction need to be acquired, and in other embodiments, the verification images corresponding to the lateral direction may also need to be acquired, and at this time, besides comparing the positional relationship between the reference feature and the pin 1 to be tested, the verification images need to be judged according to the actual imaging shape of the pin 1 to be tested in the verification images.
Specifically, if the reference feature is located below the pin 1 to be measured and the imaging feature of the pin 1 to be measured is rectangular, then the shooting direction is considered to be positive; if the reference feature is located below the pin 1 to be measured and the imaging feature of the pin 1 to be measured is circular, the shooting direction is considered to be lateral.
In the lateral shooting, the feature judgment of the pin shaft 1 to be detected can only realize the judgment of the diameter of the pin shaft, and the number of the judged features is small, so that the application preferably only obtains the reference images corresponding to the forward direction and the downward direction.
In other embodiments, selecting the corresponding photographing content according to the photographing direction includes:
and S310, if the shooting direction is forward shooting, acquiring the length corresponding to the pin 1 to be detected in the verification image.
And S320, if the shooting direction is the downward shooting, acquiring one or more of the length, the diameter, the area and the parallel relation corresponding to the pin 1 to be detected in the verification image.
If the shooting direction is forward shooting, because the height of the camera frame and the parallax of the imaging range are inconsistent with the level of the reference feature, the condition that a certain height of the pin shaft 1 to be detected is blocked by the reference feature may occur, so that the pin shaft 1 to be detected is judged only by verifying the corresponding point, line and surface in the image, and inaccuracy of some judgment contents, such as diameter, area and the like, can be caused, so that the verification image of forward shooting only needs to judge the length corresponding to the pin shaft. The bottom of the pin shaft 1 to be tested is completely displayed because the top of the pin shaft is not shielded even if the bottom of the pin shaft is shielded by the reference feature.
If the shooting direction is the downward shooting, the imaging of the pin shaft 1 to be detected is complete, and the reference characteristic is that the pin shaft 1 to be detected cannot be shielded from any view from the overlooking perspective, so that the complete imaging and the pin shaft 1 to be detected with complete characteristics can be judged in all contents.
The judging contents comprise length, diameter, area and parallel relation, but in some cases, if the manufacturing error of the machine corresponding to the production and processing is extremely small, the quality corresponding to the produced pin shaft is more reliable, so that judging of more judging contents is not needed, and only one or a small number of judging contents can be selected; however, if the production error of the machine corresponding to the production process is extremely large, a large amount or all of the judgment contents are required to perform the judgment work. Which determination contents of the pin 1 to be measured can be adaptively adjusted by a worker.
In the process of determining the length and diameter of the pin 1 to be measured, for example, the length and diameter information needs to be acquired when determining the area of the pin 1 to be measured, so that the length and diameter determination is detected in the one determination content of "area", and repeated detection determination of the length and diameter determination content is not required, and therefore, although the length, diameter, area and other determination contents are detected, the actual determination content is only the area.
As shown in fig. 4, in other embodiments, if the shooting direction is forward shooting, the detection and determination of the pin 1 to be detected are performed based on the determination content, which includes the following steps:
s311, a first edge line 3 corresponding to one end, far away from the reference feature, of the pin shaft 1 to be tested in the verification graph is obtained, and the first edge line 3 is used as a length reference line to obtain the corresponding length of the first edge line.
As disclosed in the above, when forward shooting is performed, the bottom of the pin 1 to be measured may be partially blocked by the reference feature, so when selecting the corresponding length judgment object, one end of the pin 1 to be measured away from the reference feature needs to be selected, that is, the edge line of the top end of the pin 1 to be measured in the verification image.
When the edge line is obtained, the first edge line 3 is used as a length reference line, which may correspond to the length of the pin 1 to be measured.
Or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
s312, obtaining second edge lines 4 corresponding to two sides of the pin shaft 1 to be tested in the verification image in the direction perpendicular to the length direction, and obtaining any connecting line 5 between the two second edge lines 4, wherein two ends of the connecting line 5 are respectively located on the second edge lines 4, the connecting line 5 is perpendicular to the two second edge lines 4, and the connecting line 5 is used as a length reference line to obtain the corresponding length.
In addition to selecting the edge line of the end of the pin 1 to be measured away from the reference feature, the edge lines on both sides of the length direction of the pin 1 to be measured may be selected, and when the two second edge lines 4 are obtained, any one of the two edge lines satisfies: the end points are respectively on the two second edge lines 4, and the connecting lines 5 perpendicular to the two second edge lines 4 can be used as length reference lines. Wherein the satisfactory connecting line 5 also comprises a first edge line 3 remote from the end of the reference feature.
Because the pin shaft is a long cylindrical body, the longer direction line of the pin shaft 1 to be measured can be used as the length direction.
It should be noted that, in the case that the pin 1 to be tested meets the qualification requirement, the two second edge lines 4 must be parallel to each other, so that it must be able to find a plurality of connecting lines 5 perpendicular to the two second edge lines 4, if it cannot be found, it means that the two second edge lines 4 are not parallel to each other, and then the pin 1 to be tested is considered as unqualified.
Meanwhile, in the embodiment of the application, each time the detection is performed, the positions of the pin shaft 1 to be detected in the corresponding reference features are the same, and when the verification image in the forward direction is shot, the distance between the pin shaft 1 to be detected and the camera is kept fixed.
S313, judging whether the length corresponding to the length reference line is matched with the length of the qualified piece uploaded in advance, and judging whether the pin shaft 1 to be detected is qualified according to the matching result.
The corresponding information of the pre-uploaded qualified pieces can be uploaded by a worker directly, or one or more qualified pieces can be placed at a target position by the worker to carry out image shooting detection judgment, and the corresponding data are uploaded according to the obtained judgment result for subsequent comparison and analysis.
If the length corresponding to the acquired length reference line is matched or not matched with the length corresponding to the qualified piece, judging whether the pin shaft is qualified or not according to the corresponding judging result.
As shown in fig. 5 to 6, in other embodiments, if the shooting direction is the nodding direction, the detection and determination of the pin 1 to be detected based on the determination content includes the following steps:
s321, acquiring two third edge lines 6 in the length direction of the pin shaft 1 to be tested in the verification graph and two fourth edge lines 7 perpendicular to the length direction of the pin shaft 1 to be tested.
By acquiring the two third edge lines 6 in the length direction and the two fourth edge lines 7 perpendicular to the length direction, the edges of the pin shaft 1 to be tested in the verification image can be extracted under the condition that the pin shaft 1 to be tested is not shielded in the overlooking angle, and in an ideal case, the two third edge lines 6 and the two fourth edge lines 7 enclose a rectangle.
S322, selecting any connecting line 5 between any third edge line 6 or fourth edge line 7, and taking the connecting line as a length reference line to obtain the corresponding length, wherein two ends of the connecting line 5 are respectively positioned on the two fourth edge lines 7 and are perpendicular to the two fourth edge lines 7.
S323, judging whether the length corresponding to the length reference line is matched with the length of the qualified piece uploaded in advance, and judging whether the pin shaft 1 to be detected is qualified according to a matching result.
And acquiring the length of the pin shaft 1 to be detected obtained in the depression angle according to the length reference line selection method which is the same as that when the shooting angle is positive, matching and matching the length with the length of a preset qualified piece, and judging whether the pin shaft is qualified or not.
And/or the number of the groups of groups,
s324, selecting any one fourth edge line 7 or any one connecting line 5 between the two third edge lines 6, and taking the connecting line as a diameter reference line, wherein two ends of the connecting line 5 are respectively positioned on the two third edge lines 6 and are perpendicular to the two third edge lines 6.
S325, judging whether the diameter corresponding to the diameter reference line is matched with the length of the qualified piece uploaded in advance, and judging whether the pin shaft 1 to be tested is qualified according to the matching result.
Unlike the determination length, the diameter is determined by selecting any one connecting line 5 among the two third edge lines 6, wherein the connecting line 5 includes any one fourth edge line 7, and the connecting line 5 serves as a diameter reference line.
From the verification image, the length reference line and the diameter reference line are perpendicular to each other, the length reference line is a long side, and the diameter reference line is a short side.
And matching the pairs according to the diameters corresponding to the preset qualified pieces so as to judge whether the qualified pieces are qualified.
And/or the number of the groups of groups,
s326, calculating the area of the pin shaft 1 to be measured according to the length reference line and the diameter reference line.
S327, judging whether the area is matched with the area of the qualified piece uploaded in advance, and judging whether the pin shaft 1 to be tested is qualified according to the matching result.
After the length information and the diameter information are obtained, the area of the pin shaft 1 to be measured can be obtained according to a surface area formula of the cylinder, wherein the surface area of the cylinder=the bottom area of the cylinder=2+the side area of the cylinder=2pi r+pi Rh. Wherein R represents the radius of the pin 1 to be measured, R represents the diameter of the pin 1 to be measured, and h represents the height, i.e. the length, of the pin 1 to be measured.
After the area of the pin shaft 1 to be detected is calculated, the calculated area is matched with the area of the qualified piece to judge whether the pin shaft 1 to be detected is qualified or not.
And/or the number of the groups of groups,
and S328, calculating the size of an included angle between the adjacent third edge line 6 and fourth edge line 7, and acquiring the parallel relation between the two third edge lines 6 and the two fourth edge lines 7 according to the sizes of a plurality of included angles.
S329, judging whether the pin shaft 1 to be tested is qualified or not according to the parallel relation.
An included angle must exist between the third edge line 6 and the fourth edge line 7, and ideally, a two-dimensional image of the cylinder at a certain angle is a rectangle, and then the included angles between the adjacent edges are ninety degrees, and then whether the opposite third edge line 6 or the opposite fourth edge line 7 is parallel is determined by determining whether the included angles between the adjacent third edge line 6 and the fourth edge line 7 are ninety degrees.
And judging whether the pin shaft 1 to be tested is qualified or not according to the parallel relation obtained through the judgment.
Note that, at the time of shooting in the depression direction, one or more of the above-described determinations may be selected for determination.
If only one item is determined, whether the pin 1 to be measured is qualified or not is determined according to the determination result of the item in combination with the determination result in the forward direction, and in this case, in order to improve the accuracy and precision of detection, the determination in the depression angle generally does not select the determination of the length, but selects other determination contents. Only if the judgment contents in the forward direction and the depression direction are satisfied, the pin 1 to be tested is considered to be qualified for detection.
If the multiple items are judged, judging whether the pin shaft 1 to be tested is qualified or not according to the combination of the multiple item judgment results in the depression direction and the judgment results in the forward direction. The pin 1 to be tested is considered to be qualified as long as all the judging contents are met.
Meanwhile, in order to realize the detection accuracy of the pin 1 to be detected, generally, the images corresponding to the two shooting directions need to be detected and judged.
In other embodiments, the determining content further includes a concave-convex detection, where the concave-convex detection is characterized by being used for detecting whether the pin 1 to be tested has a concave or convex through verifying the image, and performing detection determination on the pin 1 to be tested based on the determining content, and further includes:
s330, judging whether the edge line corresponding to the forward shooting or the downward shooting of the pin shaft 1 to be detected is a straight line, and judging whether the edge concave-convex exists in the pin shaft 1 to be detected according to a judging result.
Firstly, judging whether the pin shaft 1 to be tested has edge concave-convex or not according to whether edge lines on different shooting angles are straight lines or not.
The concave-convex edge is characterized in that the concave or convex on the pin shaft 1 to be measured is displayed at the edge position of the image of the pin shaft 1 to be measured after photographing, and when the concave or convex edge position appears, the corresponding radian of the concave or convex edge line also appears, so that the edge line is not a straight line.
S331, obtaining a reference pixel gray value in a reference image shot by a preset qualified piece under unified illumination.
The unified illumination characterization is the illumination intensity and illumination direction fixed in the shooting area of the pin shaft 1 to be detected.
S332, acquiring gray values corresponding to each pixel of the pin 1 to be tested in the verification image under unified illumination, comparing the gray values with the gray values of the reference pixels, and judging whether the pin 1 to be tested has surface irregularities according to the comparison result.
Firstly, obtaining a reference image of a qualified piece at the same position under unified illumination, and carrying out image processing on the reference image to obtain gray values corresponding to all pixels on the qualified piece.
Because the pin shaft is a cylinder and the side surface of the pin shaft has radian even under unified illumination, after shooting, the albedo of illumination is different at different positions, and the gray value corresponding to each pixel point is also different.
After the gray values corresponding to the pixel points on the qualified piece are obtained, the gray value of each pixel point in the verification image of the pin shaft 1 to be tested at the same position under unified illumination is obtained, the gray value is compared with the gray value of the reference pixel, whether the recess or the bulge exists is judged according to the comparison result, and whether the recess or the bulge exists is judged.
In other embodiments, after obtaining the determination result corresponding to the determination content and determining whether the pin 1 to be tested is qualified based on the determination result, the method further includes:
S500, generating a corresponding result label according to whether the pin shaft 1 to be tested is qualified or not.
And S510, transmitting the pin 1 to be tested to a corresponding processing partition based on the result label.
The result label comprises qualified, unqualified and unknown, and the processing partition comprises a qualified area, an unqualified area and an unknown area.
When the detection and judgment are carried out, the judgment result of the pin shaft 1 to be detected is qualified, then a qualified label is correspondingly generated, and the qualified label is sent into a qualified partition; if the judging result of the pin shaft 1 to be tested is judged to be unqualified, correspondingly generating an unqualified label, and sending the unqualified label into an unqualified partition according to the pin shaft 1 to be tested; if the judging result of the pin shaft 1 to be detected is unknown, an unknown label is generated, the pin shaft 1 to be detected is sent into an unknown area, and the pin shaft in the unknown area needs to be repeatedly detected and judged.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the present application further discloses a chain pin detection system, including:
and the placement base 2 is used for placing the pin shaft 1 to be tested and conveying the pin shaft 1 to be tested.
In this application, the placement base 2 is a disc rotating along a fixed direction, one end of the placement base can be abutted to a corresponding pin shaft conveying device, and when the pin shaft falls on the disc through the pin shaft conveying device, the disc rotates to drive the pin shaft to move to a corresponding camera shooting area.
The camera component 8 comprises a plurality of cameras for shooting the pin shaft 1 to be tested at different angles, and the cameras generate corresponding verification images after shooting the pin shaft 1 to be tested.
In this embodiment of the application, the camera is provided with two, and one sets up along the horizontal direction for shoot the front view image of the round pin axle 1 that awaits measuring, one sets up along vertical direction, and the shooting direction is down, is used for shooting the top view of the round pin axle 1 that awaits measuring.
The processing terminal is used for acquiring a verification image containing the pin shaft 1 to be tested, acquiring reference characteristics corresponding to the verification image, judging a shooting direction corresponding to the verification image based on the reference characteristics, wherein the reference characteristics are characterized as display characteristics of the placement base 2 in the verification image;
the method is also used for selecting corresponding judging contents according to the shooting direction, detecting and judging the pin shaft 1 to be detected based on the judging contents, wherein the judging contents comprise length, diameter, area and parallel relation; and acquiring a judging result corresponding to the judging content, and judging whether the pin shaft 1 to be tested is qualified or not based on the judging result.
In other embodiments, the chain pin detection system further includes an infrared detection head, which is disposed on one side of the camera component 8, and when the pin moves along with the rotation of the placement base 2, the pin passes through the infrared detection head first, and after the pin is detected by the infrared detection head, a trigger signal is sent to the two cameras, and the two cameras capture images after receiving the trigger signal.
The implementation principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
the method for detecting whether the pin shaft is qualified or not is changed from manual visual inspection or comparison by means of mechanical comparison equipment into full-automatic detection through image characteristics, and compared with manual inspection, the comparison precision of image processing is greatly improved, so that the quality detection of the pin shaft is quicker and more accurate.
The embodiments of this embodiment are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, in which like parts are denoted by like reference numerals. Therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.

Claims (10)

1. The chain pin shaft detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring a verification image containing a pin shaft (1) to be tested;
acquiring reference characteristics corresponding to the verification image, and judging a shooting direction corresponding to the verification image based on the reference characteristics, wherein the reference characteristics are characterized as display characteristics of a placement base (2) for placing the pin shaft (1) to be tested in the verification image;
selecting corresponding judging contents according to the shooting direction, and detecting and judging the pin shaft (1) to be detected based on the judging contents, wherein the judging contents comprise length, diameter, area and parallel relation;
And acquiring a judging result corresponding to judging content, and judging whether the pin shaft (1) to be tested is qualified or not based on the judging result.
2. The chain pin detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that acquiring a verification image containing the pin (1) to be detected comprises the steps of:
judging whether a trigger signal is acquired or not, wherein the trigger signal is characterized by confirming that the pin shaft (1) to be detected is at a target position so as to need to shoot the pin shaft (1) to be detected to acquire a signal corresponding to an image;
if yes, acquiring an image to be confirmed sent by a camera which shoots after being triggered by a trigger signal;
judging whether a complete image of the pin shaft (1) to be detected exists in the image to be detected, wherein the completed image of the pin shaft (1) to be detected is characterized in that in the verification image, the edges of the two sides of the pin shaft (1) to be detected are not overlapped with the image edge of the image to be detected;
if yes, the image to be confirmed is taken as a final verification image;
if not, re-acquiring an image to be confirmed sent by a camera shooting after triggering by the triggering signal until the image to be confirmed has a complete image of the pin shaft (1) to be tested, and confirming the image to be confirmed as a verification image.
3. The chain pin detection method according to claim 1, wherein the step of acquiring the reference feature corresponding to the verification image and judging the shooting direction corresponding to the verification image based on the reference feature comprises the steps of:
judging the position relation between the reference characteristic and the pin shaft (1) to be tested in the verification image;
if the reference feature is located below the pin shaft (1) to be detected in the verification image, the shooting direction is forward shooting, and the verification image is characterized as a front view;
if the reference feature covers the pin shaft (1) to be detected in the verification image, the shooting direction is a nodding direction shooting, and the verification image is characterized as a top view.
4. The chain pin detection method according to claim 3, wherein selecting the corresponding determination content according to the shooting direction comprises:
if the shooting direction is forward shooting, acquiring the length corresponding to the pin shaft (1) to be detected in the verification image;
if the shooting direction is the downward shooting, one or more of the length, the diameter, the area and the parallel relation corresponding to the pin shaft (1) to be detected in the verification image are acquired.
5. The chain pin detection method according to claim 4, wherein if the shooting direction is forward shooting, the detection determination of the pin (1) to be detected is performed based on the determination content, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a first edge line (3) corresponding to one end, far away from the reference feature, of the pin shaft (1) to be detected in the verification image, and taking the first edge line (3) as a length reference line to acquire the corresponding length of the first edge line;
or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
acquiring second edge lines (4) corresponding to two sides of the pin shaft (1) to be tested in the verification image in the direction perpendicular to the length direction, and acquiring any connecting line (5) between the two second edge lines (4), wherein two ends of the connecting line (5) are respectively positioned on the two second edge lines (4), the connecting line (5) is perpendicular to the two second edge lines (4), and the connecting line (5) is used as a length reference line to acquire the corresponding length;
judging whether the length corresponding to the length reference line is matched with the length of the pre-uploaded qualified piece, and judging whether the pin shaft (1) to be detected is qualified according to a matching result.
6. The chain pin detection method according to claim 4, wherein if the shooting direction is a depression shooting, the detection determination of the pin (1) to be detected is performed based on the determination content, comprising the steps of:
Acquiring two third edge lines (6) in the length direction of the pin shaft (1) to be detected in the verification image and two fourth edge lines (7) perpendicular to the length direction of the pin shaft (1) to be detected;
selecting any one third edge line (6) or any one connecting line (5) between the two fourth edge lines (7), and taking the connecting line as a length reference line to obtain corresponding lengths, wherein two ends of the connecting line (5) are respectively positioned on the two fourth edge lines (7) and are perpendicular to the two fourth edge lines (7);
judging whether the length corresponding to the length reference line is matched with the length of the pre-uploaded qualified piece or not, and judging whether the pin shaft (1) to be detected is qualified or not according to a matching result;
and/or the number of the groups of groups,
selecting any fourth edge line (7) or any connecting line (5) between the two third edge lines (6) and taking the connecting line as a diameter reference line, wherein two ends of the connecting line (5) are respectively positioned on the two third edge lines (6) and are perpendicular to the two third edge lines (6);
judging whether the diameter corresponding to the diameter reference line is matched with the length of a pre-uploaded qualified piece or not, and judging whether the pin shaft (1) to be detected is qualified or not according to a matching result;
And/or the number of the groups of groups,
calculating the area of the pin shaft (1) to be measured according to the length reference line and the diameter reference line;
judging whether the area is matched with the area of the qualified piece uploaded in advance, and judging whether the pin shaft (1) to be detected is qualified according to a matching result;
and/or the number of the groups of groups,
calculating the magnitude of an included angle between the adjacent third edge line (6) and fourth edge line (7), and acquiring the parallel relationship between the two third edge lines (6) and between the two fourth edge lines (7) according to the magnitude of a plurality of included angles;
judging whether the pin shaft (1) to be tested is qualified or not according to the parallel relation.
7. The chain pin detection method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the determination content further includes a concave-convex detection, the detection determination is made for the pin (1) to be detected based on the determination content, further comprising:
judging whether the edge line corresponding to forward shooting or downward shooting of the pin shaft (1) to be detected is a straight line or not, and judging whether the pin shaft (1) to be detected has edge concave-convex or not according to a judging result;
acquiring a reference pixel gray value in a reference image shot by the preset qualified piece under unified illumination, wherein the unified illumination is characterized by illumination intensity and illumination direction fixed in a shooting area of the pin shaft (1) to be detected;
And acquiring a gray value corresponding to each pixel of the pin shaft (1) to be tested in the verification image under unified illumination, comparing the gray value with the gray value of the reference pixel, and judging whether the pin shaft (1) to be tested has surface concave-convex or not according to the comparison result.
8. The chain pin detection method according to claim 1, wherein after obtaining a determination result corresponding to a determination content and determining whether the pin (1) to be detected is qualified based on the determination result, further comprising:
generating a corresponding result label according to whether the pin shaft (1) to be tested is qualified or not;
and sending the pin shaft (1) to be tested to a corresponding processing partition based on the result label.
9. A chain pin detection system, comprising:
the placing base (2) is used for placing the pin shaft (1) to be tested and conveying the pin shaft (1) to be tested;
the camera assembly (8) comprises a plurality of cameras for shooting the pin shaft (1) to be detected at different angles, and the cameras generate corresponding verification images after shooting the pin shaft (1) to be detected;
the processing terminal is used for acquiring a verification image containing the pin shaft (1) to be detected, acquiring a reference characteristic corresponding to the verification image, and judging a shooting direction corresponding to the verification image based on the reference characteristic, wherein the reference characteristic is characterized by a display characteristic of the placement base (2) in the verification image;
The method is also used for selecting corresponding judging contents according to the shooting direction, detecting and judging the pin shaft (1) to be detected based on the judging contents, wherein the judging contents comprise length, diameter, area and parallel relation; and acquiring a judging result corresponding to judging content, and judging whether the pin shaft (1) to be tested is qualified or not based on the judging result.
10. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the chain pin detection method of any one of the preceding claims 1-8.
CN202311459356.7A 2023-11-04 2023-11-04 Chain pin shaft detection method, system and storage medium Pending CN117346661A (en)

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