CN117345233A - Thick coal seam networking pressure relief drilling segmented reaming pressure relief method - Google Patents
Thick coal seam networking pressure relief drilling segmented reaming pressure relief method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117345233A CN117345233A CN202311227527.3A CN202311227527A CN117345233A CN 117345233 A CN117345233 A CN 117345233A CN 202311227527 A CN202311227527 A CN 202311227527A CN 117345233 A CN117345233 A CN 117345233A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thick coal seam networking pressure relief drilling sectional reaming pressure relief method, and belongs to the technical field of coal mining. In the pressure relief hole reaming structure, the diameter of the first section is smaller than the width of the second section, so that the requirement of a large amount of pressure relief in a high-stress area is met, too dense drilling arrangement is avoided, and the development range of a roadway plastic area is reduced. Meanwhile, in the staggered-layer internal staggered roadway arrangement mode, the upper section return air roadway and the lower section air intake roadway form three-dimensional networked pressure relief drilling holes, and the problem that the spacing is too large or too small when a single roadway is arranged for drilling is solved. In addition, the method also solves the problem that the full-thickness pressure relief of the thick coal seam can not be realized, and enables the transverse and longitudinal directions of the coal seam to be fully relieved. Compared with the conventional drilling pressure relief mode, the invention can maintain the integrity of surrounding coal and rock mass, effectively reduce the operation intensity and obviously improve the drilling pressure relief capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a thick coal seam networking pressure relief drilling segmented reaming pressure relief method.
Background
Along with the increase of the amount of coal resources in China and the improvement of the exploitation intensity and depth, the stress of underground surrounding rock is continuously increased, so that the problems of deformation and instability of roadway surrounding rock in the exploitation range are increasingly outstanding. The tunneling and maintenance difficulty of the tunnel is increased, the safety is reduced, and the stability is difficult to guarantee.
Currently, in order to solve the above problems, two modes of drilling pressure relief technology and blasting pressure relief technology are mainly adopted. Among them, the blasting pressure relief technology needs to perform blasting operation on site, and the impact wave generated by the blasting pressure relief technology has unpredictable influence on surrounding rock, and has a certain danger. In contrast, the drilling pressure relief technology is used for realizing the aim of relieving pressure and danger of the coal rock mass by implementing drilling on the coal rock mass region, damaging surrounding coal rock mass, reducing brittleness and elastic strain energy, releasing elastic energy, reducing the concentration degree of surrounding rock stress, transferring the high-stress region to the deep part of the coal rock mass, and achieving the effect of pre-relieving pressure. However, existing pressure relief drilling techniques suffer from two drawbacks: firstly, the spacing arrangement problem between the drilling holes is that too large spacing causes insufficient transverse pressure relief of coal and rock mass, and too small spacing causes difficulty in maintaining stability of the drilling holes, and easily damages the coal and rock structure, and influences the stability of a roadway; secondly, the thickness of the coal seam and the height of the roadway are limited, and the longitudinal pressure relief of the thick coal seam cannot be fully realized.
In the prior art, a three-dimensional networked pressure relief drilling arrangement method for realizing full pressure relief of a thick coal seam discloses a novel coal rock body pressure relief drilling arrangement mode based on internal staggered roadway arrangement of a thick coal layer, which not only meets the problem of single roadway arrangement drilling spacing, but also enables the transverse and longitudinal directions of the thick coal seam to be fully relieved.
However, the above-described invention, while addressing the problem of pressure relief drilling in certain situations, has certain limitations. The aperture of the pressure relief drilling hole is usually not more than 300mm, and the full pressure relief of the thick coal seam is difficult to realize due to the small aperture. Therefore, more pressure relief drilling holes are needed to be densely arranged to realize pressure relief and danger relief of local coal and rock mass, but the pressure relief and danger relief can have a large influence on a coal and rock mass plastic area around a roadway, so that the maintenance of the roadway is not facilitated. In addition, the drilling of the same aperture cannot meet the requirements of different pressure relief strengths in coal layers of different depths.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a thick coal seam networking pressure relief drilling sectional reaming pressure relief method, which aims to solve the technical limitation problems in the prior art and realize transverse and longitudinal three-dimensional high-efficiency pressure relief of the thick coal seam.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a thick coal seam networking pressure relief drilling segmented reaming pressure relief method, which comprises the following steps:
a. the working surfaces adopt a staggered layer internal staggered roadway arrangement mode so as to realize the mutual lap joint of adjacent working surfaces, and an upper section return air roadway and a lower section air intake roadway form an upper-lower three-dimensional arrangement system;
b. according to the thickness of the coal seam, the height of the roadway, the width of the plastic region and the width of the elastic region, determining parameters such as initial aperture, reaming aperture, initial drilling depth, reaming depth and interval in the whole coal thickness range so as to meet different pressure relief requirements of the plastic region and the elastic region;
c. arranging an upper row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes and a lower row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes on the solid coal side of the upper section return airway, wherein the upper row of holes are rotated 15-20 degrees leftwards by taking the normal line of a coal wall as an axis, constructing from an initial aperture drilling hole to a reaming starting position, completing a first-stage conventional aperture pressure relief hole, opening the hole to a certain angle to reach a reaming aperture through adjustment of a reaming blade, continuing to rotationally ream the hole to the reaming drilling design depth, completing a second-stage large-diameter pressure relief hole, repeating the steps until the upper row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes are completed, and the lower row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes are rotated 15-20 degrees rightwards by taking the normal line of the coal wall as an axis, and carrying out sectional reaming according to the same steps until the lower row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes are completed;
d. and arranging upper and lower rows of sectional reaming pressure relief drilling holes similar to the above on the solid coal side of the lower section air inlet roadway, wherein the drilling holes are parallel to the normal line of the coal wall and are staggered.
The method is preferably suitable for a three-dimensional networked pressure relief drilling sectional reaming pressure relief method for fully relieving pressure of a thick coal seam.
In the step a, the working surfaces adopt a staggered-layer internal staggered roadway arrangement mode so as to realize the mutual lap joint of the adjacent working surfaces, and an upper section return air roadway and a lower section air inlet roadway form an upper-lower three-dimensional arrangement system;
in the step b, according to the coal seam thickness, the roadway height, the plastic region and the elastic region width, determining parameters such as initial aperture, reaming aperture, initial drilling depth, reaming depth and spacing in the full coal thickness range so as to meet different pressure relief requirements of the plastic region and the elastic region;
in the step c, arranging an upper row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes and a lower row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes on the solid coal side of the upper section return air roadway, rotating the upper row of the holes to the left by 15-20 degrees by taking the normal line of the coal wall as an axis, constructing from an initial aperture drilling to a reaming starting position, completing a conventional aperture pressure relief hole in the first stage, opening the hole to a certain angle by adjusting a reaming blade to reach a reaming aperture, continuing to rotationally ream the hole to a reaming drilling design depth, completing a large-diameter pressure relief hole in the second stage, repeating the steps until the upper row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes are completed, rotating the lower row of the sectional reaming pressure relief holes to the right by 15-20 degrees by taking the normal line of the coal wall as an axis, and carrying out sectional reaming according to the same steps until the lower row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes are completed;
in the step d, upper and lower rows of sectional reaming pressure relief drilling holes similar to the above are arranged on the solid coal side of the lower section air inlet roadway, and the drilling holes are parallel to the normal line of the coal wall and are staggered.
Compared with the prior art, the method for fully releasing pressure in the thick coal seam by three-dimensional networking pressure relief drilling and sectionalized reaming pressure relief has the following advantages:
(1) The segmented reaming can meet the requirements of different pressure relief strengths of a roadway plastic area and an elastic area, and the segmented efficient pressure relief is realized.
(2) The sectional reaming pressure relief method greatly reduces the degree of destroying the integrity of coal and rock mass around the roadway due to the fact that high-density drilling holes are required to be distributed due to insufficient pressure relief, greatly reduces the number of drilling holes and reduces the labor intensity.
(3) The three-dimensional networked pressure relief drilling formed by the upper section return air lane and the lower section air inlet lane solves the problem that the spacing is too large or too small when a single lane is arranged for drilling, and can fully relieve the pressure of the coal seam in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an error layer in an error roadway according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pressure relief borehole reaming in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the pressure relief borehole reaming of the upper section return airway of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the pressure relief drilling and reaming of the lower section air intake roadway of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the drawings are: 1. an upper section return airway; 2. a lower section air inlet lane; 3. the initial aperture of the upper section return airway; 4. reaming aperture of upper section return airway; 5. the initial aperture of the lower section air inlet lane; 6. and reaming the hole diameter of the upper section return airway.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the embodiment, in the first step, in the design construction stage of the thick coal seam working face, two stoping roadways of the working face are respectively arranged along the coal seam roof and the coal seam floor to form three-dimensional roadway arrangement, so that a staggered layer internal staggered arrangement mode is formed between adjacent working faces to be mutually overlapped. The upper section return air drift 1 is arranged along the coal seam roof, and the lower section air drift 2 is arranged along the coal seam floor, so that staggered spatial relationships are formed in the transverse direction of the drift, and three-dimensional spatial relationships are formed in the longitudinal direction.
Step two, determining initial pore diameters (3, 5), reaming pore diameters (4, 6) and initial drilling depths (h) in the full coal thickness range according to the coal seam thickness, the roadway height, the plastic region and the elastic region width 1 ) Depth of reaming (h) 2 ，h 3 ) The method is characterized in that different pressure relief requirements of a plastic area and an elastic area are met as standards; the conventional range of the initial aperture is 90-130 mm, and the reaming aperture selects large-diameter drilling as much as possible according to the drilling and reaming equipment.
And the second step is to determine parameters such as initial aperture, reaming aperture, initial drilling depth, reaming depth, spacing and the like in the full coal thickness range according to the coal seam thickness, roadway height, plastic region and elastic region width so as to meet different pressure relief requirements of the plastic region and the elastic region. Wherein the initial pore diameter is generally selected in the conventional range of 90-130 mm, while the reaming pore diameter is selected as large as possible according to the selectable range of the drilling reaming device.
Third, arranging an upper row of sectional reaming pressure relief drilling holes and a lower row of sectional reaming pressure relief drilling holes on the solid coal side of the upper section return air roadway, wherein the upper row of drilling holes rotate 15-20 degrees leftwards by taking the normal line of a coal wall as an axis, and the construction drilling hole depth reaches h 1 The first stage pressure relief holes, i.e., conventional bore diameter pressure relief holes, are completed. Then the hole diameter is enlarged by adjusting the opening angle of the hole enlarging blade, and rotary hole enlarging is carried out until the designed hole enlarging depth h is reached 2 . Repeating the steps until the upper row of sectional reaming and pressure relief drilling is completed. And the lower row of sectional reaming and pressure relief drilling is also rotated 15-20 degrees rightwards by taking the normal line of the coal wall as an axis, and then the steps of drilling and reaming are repeated until the lower row of sectional reaming and pressure relief drilling is completed. In the drilling construction process, the drilling and the tunneling are performed simultaneously as much as possible.
The fourth step, the upper and lower two rows of sectional reaming pressure relief drilling holes are also arranged on the solid coal side of the air inlet roadway of the lower section, the drilling holes are parallel to the normal line of the coal wall, and the construction drilling depth reaches h 1 The first stage pressure relief holes, i.e., conventional bore diameter pressure relief holes, are completed. The reaming blade is adjusted to be opened to a certain angle, and then rotary reaming is carried out until the reaming design depth h is reached 3 . Repeating the steps until the upper row and the lower row of sectional reaming pressure relief drilling holes are completed, and arranging the upper row and the lower row of drilling holes in a staggered manner. In the drilling construction process, the drilling and the tunneling are performed simultaneously as much as possible.
The initial drilling depth h 1 The method comprises the following steps:
h 1 ＝max{R 0 ,L anchor } (2)
Wherein: r is R 0 Is the radius of the plastic area; r is (r) 0 The radius of the equivalent area of the roadway; m is a safety coefficient, and 1.2 is taken; gamma is the average volume weight of the rock stratum; h is the roadway burial depth;is the internal friction angle of the coal rock mass; c is cohesion of coal rock mass, L Anchor Length of anchor rod.
The reaming depth h of the upper section return airway 2 The method comprises the following steps:
the reaming depth h of the upper section return airway 3 The method comprises the following steps:
wherein: xi is a correction coefficient, and 1 to 2 are taken; alpha is the horizontal rotation angle of the drilling hole; m is coal seam mining height; a is a side pressure coefficient;is the internal friction angle of the coal seam interface; c (C) 0 The interfacial adhesion force of the coal seam is obtained; k is a stress concentration coefficient; gamma is the average volume weight of the rock stratum; h is the roadway burial depth; p (P) x The supporting resistance of the coal side is; l is the roadway width.
Claims (5)
1. The thick coal seam networked pressure relief drilling sectional reaming pressure relief method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. the working surfaces adopt a staggered layer internal staggered roadway arrangement mode so as to realize the mutual lap joint of adjacent working surfaces, and an upper section return air roadway and a lower section air intake roadway form an upper-lower three-dimensional arrangement system;
b. according to the thickness of the coal seam, the height of the roadway, the width of the plastic region and the width of the elastic region, determining parameters such as initial aperture, reaming aperture, initial drilling depth, reaming depth and interval in the whole coal thickness range so as to meet different pressure relief requirements of the plastic region and the elastic region;
c. arranging an upper row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes and a lower row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes on the solid coal side of the upper section return airway, wherein the upper row of holes are rotated 15-20 degrees leftwards by taking the normal line of a coal wall as an axis, constructing from an initial aperture drilling hole to a reaming starting position, completing a first-stage conventional aperture pressure relief hole, opening the hole to a certain angle to reach a reaming aperture through adjustment of a reaming blade, continuing to rotationally ream the hole to the reaming drilling design depth, completing a second-stage large-diameter pressure relief hole, repeating the steps until the upper row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes are completed, and the lower row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes are rotated 15-20 degrees rightwards by taking the normal line of the coal wall as an axis, and carrying out sectional reaming according to the same steps until the lower row of sectional reaming pressure relief holes are completed;
d. and arranging upper and lower rows of sectional reaming pressure relief drilling holes similar to the above on the solid coal side of the lower section air inlet roadway, wherein the drilling holes are parallel to the normal line of the coal wall and are staggered.
2. The method for networked pressure relief, drilling and segmented reaming and pressure relief of a thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein in the step a, the working surfaces are arranged in a staggered-layer internal staggered roadway mode so as to realize mutual lap joint of adjacent working surfaces, and an upper-lower three-dimensional arrangement system is formed by a return air roadway of the first working surface and an air inlet roadway of the subsequent working surface.
3. The method for networked pressure relief, drilling, segmented reaming and pressure relief of a thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein in the step b, parameters such as initial pore diameter, reaming pore diameter, initial drilling depth, reaming depth and spacing in a full coal thickness range are determined according to the coal seam thickness, roadway height, plastic region and elastic region width so as to meet different pressure relief requirements of the plastic region and the elastic region.
4. The method for sectionalized reaming and pressure relief of the networked pressure relief holes of the thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein in the step c, an upper row of sectionalized reaming and pressure relief holes and a lower row of sectionalized reaming and pressure relief holes are arranged on the solid coal side of an upper section return airway, the upper row of holes are rotated 15-20 degrees leftwards by taking the normal line of a coal wall as an axis, the construction is carried out from an initial aperture drilling position to a reaming starting position, a first-stage conventional aperture pressure relief hole is completed, the first-stage conventional aperture pressure relief hole is opened to a certain angle to reach the reaming aperture through adjustment of a reaming blade, the rotary reaming is continued to the reaming drilling design depth, a second-stage large-diameter pressure relief hole is completed, the steps are repeated until the upper row of sectionalized reaming and pressure relief holes are completed, the lower row of sectionalized reaming and pressure relief holes are rotated 15-20 degrees rightwards by taking the normal line of the coal wall as an axis, and sectionalized reaming and pressure relief holes are carried out according to the same steps until the lower row sectionalized reaming and pressure relief holes are completed.
5. The method for networked pressure relief drilling and segmented reaming and pressure relief of a thick coal seam according to claim 1, wherein in the step d, upper and lower rows of segmented reaming and pressure relief drilling holes similar to the above are arranged on the solid coal side of the air inlet lane of the lower section, and the drilling holes are parallel to the normal line of the coal wall and are staggered.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311227527.3A CN117345233A (en) | 2023-09-22 | 2023-09-22 | Thick coal seam networking pressure relief drilling segmented reaming pressure relief method |
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| CN202311227527.3A CN117345233A (en) | 2023-09-22 | 2023-09-22 | Thick coal seam networking pressure relief drilling segmented reaming pressure relief method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117803316A (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-04-02 | 中铁十九局集团第三工程有限公司 | Rotary drilling and reaming equipment capable of achieving multistage reaming |
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2023
- 2023-09-22 CN CN202311227527.3A patent/CN117345233A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117803316A (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-04-02 | 中铁十九局集团第三工程有限公司 | Rotary drilling and reaming equipment capable of achieving multistage reaming |
| CN117803316B (en) * | 2024-02-27 | 2024-05-03 | 中铁十九局集团第三工程有限公司 | Rotary drilling and reaming equipment capable of achieving multistage reaming |
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