CN117344689B - Prefabricated interlocking block based on wharf port and construction method - Google Patents
Prefabricated interlocking block based on wharf port and construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117344689B CN117344689B CN202311306363.3A CN202311306363A CN117344689B CN 117344689 B CN117344689 B CN 117344689B CN 202311306363 A CN202311306363 A CN 202311306363A CN 117344689 B CN117344689 B CN 117344689B
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- block
- interlocking
- interlocking block
- layer
- composite
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical group [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XYRAEZLPSATLHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium methoxy(trioxido)silane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].CO[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] XYRAEZLPSATLHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005551 calcium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 38
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008030 superplasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1804—C4-(meth)acrylate, e.g. butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate or tert-butyl (meth)acrylate
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/068—Landing stages for vessels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a prefabricated interlocking block based on a wharf port and a construction method, which belong to the technical field of interlocking block slope protection and are used for solving the technical problems that interlocking blocks in the prior art lack of cross-linking, an interlocking block layer is easy to deform and displace to damage, and the mechanical property, the water permeability resistance and the freezing resistance of the traditional interlocking block are poor to be further improved, and the prefabricated interlocking block based on the wharf port comprises: the upper interlocking block comprises a center block body I and four corner block bodies I, and the centers of the bottoms of the four corner block bodies I and the center block body I are respectively provided with a connecting clamping groove; the invention optimizes the geometric structure of the interlocking block, utilizes the interactive structure of the double interlocking layers, effectively improves the integral crosslinking degree of the interlocking layer, improves the integral composition of the interlocking block, improves the mechanical strength and the water permeability resistance of the interlocking block, and improves the frost resistance of the interlocking block at the same time, so that the interlocking block is more suitable for wharf port environments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of interlocking block slope protection, in particular to a prefabricated interlocking block based on a wharf port and a construction method.
Background
With the growth of global trade and the expansion of ship scale, the construction, reconstruction and maintenance of ports and wharfs are becoming more critical, and the traditional wharf port construction method generally adopts reinforced concrete structures, a large number of templates and scaffolds are required in the construction process, the construction period is long and the construction cost is high, and prefabricated interlocking blocks, commonly called prefabricated concrete blocks or wharf blocks, are prefabricated concrete products for constructing the port and wharf structures. They typically have a special geometry and interlocking design that enable them to be tightly connected together to form a stable dock or shelter structure.
The prefabricated interlocking block is designed on the geometric shape of the interlocking block generally, a stable protection structure is formed by utilizing a special geometric shape, but the prefabricated interlocking block in the prior art is paved in a single layer, two adjacent interlocking blocks lack of cross-linking, so that the paved interlocking block layer has the defects of easy deformation and displacement, the service life is short, the traditional interlocking block is mainly formed by pouring concrete materials, the water permeability resistance of the interlocking block is poor, the water absorption rate of the interlocking block is increased, the temperature change of a port is large, the influence of thermal expansion and contraction is caused, the integral structure of the interlocking block is easy to change, the integral strength of the interlocking block is reduced, and the freezing resistance of the interlocking block is poor.
In view of the technical drawbacks of this aspect, a solution is now proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a prefabricated interlocking block based on a wharf port and a construction method thereof, which are used for solving the technical problems that the interlocking blocks in the prior art lack of cross-linking, the interlocking block layers are easy to deform and displace to damage, the water permeation resistance and the freezing resistance of the traditional interlocking block are poor, the day and night temperature difference is large in the port environment, the thermal expansion and the cold contraction influence is caused, the overall structure of the interlocking block is easy to change, and the overall strength of the interlocking block needs to be further improved.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: prefabricated interlocking piece based on pier harbour includes:
the upper interlocking block comprises a center block I and four corner block I, and the bottom centers of the corner block I and the center block I are respectively provided with a connecting clamping groove;
the lower interlocking block comprises a center block body II and four corner block bodies II, and the top centers of the corner block bodies II and the center block body II are respectively provided with a connection clamping block matched with the connection clamping groove;
the upper interlocking block and the lower interlocking block are respectively injected into a forming die from a mixture, and are obtained after curing for 6-7 days and demolding after being tamped by a vibrator, wherein the mixture comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-400 parts of Portland cement, 950-1050 parts of coarse aggregate, 800-900 parts of fine aggregate, 600-700 parts of composite reinforcing agent, 5-8 parts of water reducer, 3-5 parts of air entraining agent, 20-30 parts of composite impervious agent and 200-300 parts of purified water.
Further, the cross sections of the first center block, the first corner block, the second center block, the second corner block and the connecting clamping block are of parallelogram structures, and the inclined surfaces of the first center block, the first corner block, the second center block and the second corner block are opposite to the inclined surfaces of the connecting clamping block.
Further, the composite reinforcing agent is processed by the following steps:
a1, disassembling, crushing, magnetically separating and refining waste automobile tires to prepare rubber powder with the particle size of 2-3 mm;
a2, adding rubber powder, polypropylene fibers, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 30wt% sodium hydroxide solution into a three-neck flask, stirring, heating the three-neck flask to 55-60 ℃, adding potassium permanganate into the three-neck flask, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 50-60min, and carrying out post treatment to obtain a modified reinforcing agent;
and A3, adding the composite modified liquid and the cross-linking agent into a three-neck flask, uniformly mixing, adding the modified reinforcing agent into the three-neck flask, raising the temperature of the three-neck flask to 75-85 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3-5h, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation until no liquid flows out, thereby obtaining the composite reinforcing agent.
Further, the rubber powder, polypropylene fiber, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, 30wt% sodium hydroxide solution and potassium permanganate in the amount ratio of 9g to 3g to 2g to 30mL to 3g in the step A2, and the post-treatment operation comprises: after the reaction is finished, the temperature of the three-neck flask is reduced to room temperature, suction filtration is carried out, a filter cake is washed to be neutral by purified water, and the filter cake is transferred into a drying oven with the temperature of 60-70 ℃ to be dried to constant weight, thus obtaining the modified reinforcing agent; in the step A3, the dosage ratio of the composite modifying liquid to the cross-linking agent to the modifying reinforcing agent is 10g to 0.9g to 5g, wherein the cross-linking agent consists of dicumyl peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide according to the dosage ratio of 2g to 1g.
Further, the composite modifying liquid is prepared by the following steps:
b1, adding methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, silica sol, an emulsifier, purified water and an initiator into a beaker, and uniformly mixing to obtain a monomer mixture;
adding purified water, an emulsifying agent, methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and an initiator into a three-neck flask, stirring, raising the temperature of the three-neck flask to 75-85 ℃, dropwise adding a monomer mixture into the three-neck flask after the reaction is initiated, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 4-6 hours after the dropwise addition is completed, so as to obtain a composite silica sol solution;
adding silicate cement and water into a beaker, stirring for 30-50min, standing for sedimentation, skimming supernatant, and extruding the lower layer of solid to remove free water to obtain cement leaching residue with the water content of 80-90%;
and B4, immersing the composite silica sol solution and cement into a beaker, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite modified liquid.
Further, in the step B1, the dosage ratio of methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, silicasol, an emulsifying agent, purified water and an initiator is 1g to 1.3g to 1.5g to 15g to 0.6g to 8mL to 0.1g, wherein the content of silicon dioxide in the silicasol is 18%, the emulsifying agent consists of tween 80 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose according to the dosage ratio of 3g to 1g, and the initiator is ammonium persulfate; in the step B2, the dosage ratio of purified water, an emulsifying agent, methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, an initiator and a monomer mixture is 10mL:0.8 g:1.3g:1.5g:0.3g:160g, the emulsifying agent consists of Tween 80 and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose according to the dosage ratio of 3g:1g, the initiator is ammonium persulfate, and the post-treatment operation comprises: after the reaction is completed, the temperature of the three-neck flask is reduced to room temperature, the pH value of the system is regulated to be 7-8, and a 60-mesh filter screen is used for filtering to obtain a composite silica sol solution; the dosage ratio of silicate cement to water in the step B3 is 1g to 150mL; the dosage ratio of the composite silica sol solution to the silicate cement in the step B4 is 5g to 1g.
Furthermore, the composite impervious agent consists of nano silicon dioxide, sodium methyl silicate, sodium metaaluminate, glycine, calcium lignin sulfonate, kaolin, sodium sulfate and calcium hydroxide according to the dosage ratio of 15g to 5g to 2g to 1g to 4 g.
Further, the concrete operation of curing is as follows: transferring the forming die loaded with the mixture into a steam curing box, keeping the humidity of the steam curing box at 85-95%, curing for 2 days in the environment with the temperature of 28-30 ℃, slowly raising the temperature of the steam curing box to 58-60 ℃ at the heating rate of 15 ℃/day, preserving heat and curing for 3 days, and naturally cooling the temperature of the steam curing box to room temperature.
Further, the Portland cement model is PI52.5; the coarse aggregate consists of natural rock with the grain size of 8-10 mm; the fine aggregate consists of coarse sand with the grain size of 1-5mm, medium sand with the grain size of 0.25-1mm and fine sand with the grain size of less than 0.25mm according to the ratio of 5g to 3g to 2 g; the water reducer is one of DH-4005 type polycarboxylate water reducer and amino high-performance water reducer; the air entraining agent is one or more of rosin resin, sodium dodecyl sulfonate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
The construction method of the prefabricated interlocking block based on the wharf port comprises the following steps:
firstly, finishing a construction surface of a wharf port, which is required to be paved with interlocking blocks, removing tree roots, weeds and garbage on the construction surface, tamping with clay, and forming a clay layer with the thickness of 5-8cm on the construction surface;
paving a mixture consisting of crushed stone with the grain diameter of 30-50mm, sand, cement, stone powder and fly ash with the grain diameter of 1-5mm on the upper surface of the clay layer according to the dosage ratio of 300g to 250g to 6g to 4g to 7g, leveling, and forming a water-stable layer with the thickness of 20-30cm on the upper surface of the clay layer;
step three, paving mixed sand consisting of sand with the particle size of 1-5mm and cement according to the dosage ratio of 7g to 1g on the water stabilization layer, and forming a loose sand layer with the thickness of 3-5cm on the upper surface of the water stabilization layer;
step four, using the surface with the connecting clamping blocks as the top surface of the lower interlocking block, attaching the bottom of the lower interlocking block to the top surface of the loose sand layer, and paving a plurality of lower interlocking blocks on the top of the loose sand layer in an edge-to-edge attaching and splicing mode to form a lower interlocking block layer;
and fifthly, paving an upper interlocking block on the top of the lower interlocking block layer, so that a connecting clamping groove at the bottom of the central block body is clamped with a connecting clamping block at the two tops of one of the corner blocks of the lower interlocking block, paving the upper interlocking block on the top of the lower interlocking block layer, and forming an upper interlocking block layer at the bottom of the lower interlocking block layer.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the prefabricated interlocking block based on the wharf port, the structure of the interlocking block is optimized, the traditional single-layer interlocking block slope protection is changed into an interlocking layer formed by double-layer crosslinking interlocking of the upper interlocking block and the lower interlocking block, the structure of the upper interlocking block and the lower interlocking block is optimized and improved, and the parallelogram structures of the first center block, the first corner block, the second center block and the second corner block are utilized, so that when the upper interlocking block and the lower interlocking block are spliced and assembled, mutually abutting surfaces of the adjacent interlocking blocks generate mutually overlapping force; through utilizing the linking draw-in groove that sets up on the interlocking piece, the linking fixture block that sets up on the lower interlocking piece and go up the interlocking piece and the specific shape of interlocking piece down, when the construction, through the linking fixture block joint at one of them corner block two tops of last interlocking piece center block bottom with lower interlocking piece for go up interlocking piece and lower interlocking piece and lock each other when laying, constitute a relatively complete whole, make the slope protection face that constitutes by the interlocking piece wholly more stable, increase the slope protection face and resist external load and lateral force effect, reduce the deformation and the displacement of slope protection face.
According to the prefabricated interlocking block based on the wharf port, when the prefabricated interlocking block is prepared, the rubber powder and the polypropylene fiber are subjected to heat treatment by 30wt% of sodium hydroxide solution and potassium permanganate, so that the surface of the rubber powder and the polypropylene fiber can be cleaned, and meanwhile, the oxidizing property of the potassium permanganate is used for oxidizing the rubber powder and the polypropylene fiber in an alkaline environment, so that a large number of active groups are generated on the surfaces of the rubber powder and the polypropylene fiber; when preparing the composite modified liquid, methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate are used as monomer raw materials, under the action of an initiator, the monomer raw materials undergo free radical polymerization reaction to generate polyolefin, silica sol is added into an emulsion system of the reaction liquid in the reaction process, and the polyolefin and the silica sol are crosslinked with each other by utilizing the ultrahigh specific surface area and adsorption characteristic of the silica sol, so that the composite silica sol solution with polyolefin crosslinking is prepared; after silicate cement is mixed by water, water-soluble or suspended matters in the cement are removed, the cement purity is improved, meanwhile, the alkalinity of the cement is reduced, after the cement absorbs water, cement leaching residues are plump in appearance and are easier to disperse in a composite silica sol solution, and the adsorption of silica sol is utilized to form a composite modified liquid with even dispersion of the cement leaching residues; the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing dicumyl peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide with a composite modifying liquid after optimizing the proportion of the dicumyl peroxide and the tert-butyl hydroperoxide, adding a modifying reinforcing agent into the mixed liquid, and carrying out crosslinking reaction on polyolefin and the modifying reinforcing agent under the initiation action of the dicumyl peroxide and the tert-butyl hydroperoxide to form crosslinking coating on the surface of the reinforcing agent, so that the composite reinforcing agent with the coating of silicon dioxide and cement leaching residues is prepared, the dispersibility of the composite reinforcing agent in the mixture is improved, and the integral anti-cracking performance and freeze-thawing resistance of the interlocking block are improved.
According to the prefabricated interlocking block based on the wharf port, during preparation, nano silicon dioxide is added into the composite anti-permeability agent, the dosage of the nano silicon dioxide is researched and compared, the composite anti-permeability agent is prepared, the composition of fine aggregate is optimized, the filling of pores in a mixture is improved, the microstructure of the mixture is improved, the flowability is controlled, the moisture permeation path in the interlocking block is reduced, the casting interlocking block is maintained in a steam maintenance mode, the temperature change of the mixture is controlled, the risk of thermal cracking is reduced, and the compactness, the anti-permeability and the durability of the interlocking block are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single assembly structure of an upper interlocking block and a lower interlocking block according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembled upper interlocking block and lower interlocking block of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom view of the upper interlocking block of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the lower interlocking block of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic elevational cross-sectional view of the upper interlocking block of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of the lower interlocking block of the present invention.
In the figure: 100. an upper interlocking block; 101. a first central block; 102. corner block I; 103. a connection clamping groove; 200. a lower interlocking block; 201. a second central block; 202. corner blocks II; 203. and (5) connecting the clamping blocks.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-6, the dock-port based prefabricated interlock of the present embodiment includes:
the upper interlocking block 100 comprises a center block I101 and four corner block I102, and the bottom centers of the four corner block I102 and the center block I101 are respectively provided with an engagement clamping groove 103;
the lower interlocking block 200, the lower interlocking block 200 includes a second center block 201 and a second four corner block 202, and the second four corner block 202 and the second center of the top of the second center block 201 are respectively provided with an engagement block 203 matched with the engagement block 103.
The first corner block 102 and the second corner block 202 are the same in size, the first center block 101 and the second center block 201 are the same in size, an interlocking cavity I matched with the first corner block 102 is arranged between two adjacent first corner blocks 102, an interlocking cavity II matched with the second corner block 202 is arranged between two adjacent second corner blocks 202, the first corner block 102 or the second corner block 202 can extend to the inner side of the interlocking cavity I or the inner side of the interlocking cavity II respectively, a lower interlocking layer formed by a plurality of lower interlocking blocks 200 and an upper interlocking layer formed by a plurality of upper interlocking blocks 100 are mutually connected with a connecting clamping groove 103 through connecting clamping blocks 203, and a plurality of interlocking blocks can be mutually matched to form a relatively complete interlocking slope protection surface.
The cross sections of the first center block 101, the first corner block 102, the second center block 201, the second corner block 202 and the connecting clamping block 203 are of parallelogram structures, and the inclined surfaces of the first center block 101, the first corner block 102, the second center block 201 and the second corner block 202 are opposite to the inclined surfaces of the connecting clamping block 203.
The lower interlocking blocks 200 are mutually clamped, the corner blocks 201 on two adjacent lower interlocking blocks 200 are mutually spliced with the two interlocking cavities, the clamping faces of the two mutually clamped lower interlocking blocks 200 are inclined, and a mutually overlapped force is generated when the lower interlocking blocks 200 are mutually adjacent and close, so that the assembled upper interlocking blocks 200 can only be dismounted along the counter mounting direction, the integral mounting condition of the upper interlocking blocks 100 and the lower interlocking blocks 200 is the same, but in the mounting process, the central block 101 of the upper interlocking block 100 is always positioned at the top of one of the corner blocks 202 of the lower interlocking blocks 200, the connecting clamping grooves at the bottom of the central block 101 are clamped with the connecting clamping blocks 203 on the corner blocks 202, and when the slope protection machine is mounted, the upper interlocking blocks 100 can be mounted and fixed at the top of the lower interlocking blocks 200 by obliquely downwards along the direction of the connecting clamping blocks 203 after the connecting clamping blocks 203 are respectively aligned with the connecting clamping blocks 203 at the bottom of the upper interlocking blocks, and the slope protection blocks 100 can be more skillfully pushed down under the action of the same or the action of the adjacent side protection blocks 200, so that the adjacent side protection blocks 200 can be more firmly deformed under the action of the same, and the action force of the adjacent side protection blocks 200 can be reduced, and the side protection face of the adjacent interlocking blocks can be more firmly deformed, and the side protection blocks can be contacted with the adjacent side protection blocks 200.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1-6, the construction method of the dock-port based prefabricated interlock of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
firstly, finishing a construction surface of a wharf port, which is required to be paved with interlocking blocks, removing tree roots, weeds and garbage on the construction surface, tamping with clay, and forming a clay layer with the thickness of 5-8cm on the construction surface;
paving a mixture consisting of crushed stone with the grain diameter of 30-50mm, sand, cement, stone powder and fly ash with the grain diameter of 1-5mm on the upper surface of the clay layer according to the dosage ratio of 300g to 250g to 6g to 4g to 7g, leveling, and forming a water-stable layer with the thickness of 20-30cm on the upper surface of the clay layer;
step three, paving mixed sand consisting of sand with the particle size of 1-5mm and cement according to the dosage ratio of 7g to 1g on the water stabilization layer, and forming a loose sand layer with the thickness of 3-5cm on the upper surface of the water stabilization layer;
step four, using the surface with the connection clamping blocks 203 as the top surface of the lower interlocking block 200, attaching the bottom of the lower interlocking block 200 to the top surface of the loose sand layer, and paving a plurality of lower interlocking blocks 200 on the top of the loose sand layer in an edge-to-edge attaching and splicing mode to form a lower interlocking block layer;
step five, the upper interlocking block 100 is paved on top of the lower interlocking block layer, so that the engagement slot 103 at bottom of the first central block 101 is engaged with the engagement block 203 at top of the second corner block 202 of the lower interlocking block 200, the upper interlocking block 100 is paved on top of the lower interlocking block layer, and the upper interlocking block layer is formed at bottom of the lower interlocking block layer.
Example III
Referring to fig. 1-6, the preparation method of the prefabricated interlocking block based on the wharf port of the embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, preparing a modified reinforcing agent
The waste automobile tires are disassembled, crushed, magnetically separated and refined to prepare rubber powder with the particle size of 2-3 mm;
weighing: 270g of rubber powder, 90g of polypropylene fiber with the diameter of 30-50 mu m and the length of 10-15mm, 60g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 900mL of 30wt% sodium hydroxide solution are added into a three-neck flask to be stirred, the temperature of the three-neck flask is increased to 55 ℃, 90g of potassium permanganate is added into the three-neck flask, the temperature of the three-neck flask is kept for 50min, the temperature of the three-neck flask is reduced to room temperature, suction filtration is carried out, a filter cake is washed to be neutral by purified water, and the filter cake is transferred into a drying box with the temperature of 60 ℃ to be dried to constant weight, thus obtaining the modified reinforcing agent.
S2, preparing composite modified liquid
Methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, silica sol, an emulsifier, purified water and ammonium persulfate are added into a beaker according to the dosage ratio of 1g to 1.3g to 1.5g to 15g to 0.6g to 8mL to 0.1g, and the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a monomer mixture, wherein the content of silica in the silica sol is 18%, and the emulsifier consists of tween 80 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose according to the dosage ratio of 3g to 1 g;
weighing: 250mL of purified water, 15g of Tween 80, 5g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 25g of methyl acrylate, 32.5g of ethyl methacrylate, 37.5g of butyl acrylate and 7.5g of ammonium persulfate are added into a three-neck flask, the temperature of the three-neck flask is increased to 75 ℃, 4000g of monomer mixture is dropwise added into the three-neck flask after the reaction is initiated, the reaction is kept for 4 hours after the dropwise addition, the temperature of the three-neck flask is reduced to room temperature, the pH=7 of the system is regulated, and a 60-mesh filter screen is used for filtering, so as to obtain a composite silica sol solution;
adding Portland cement with the model PI52.5 and water into a beaker according to the dosage ratio of 1g to 150mL, stirring for 30min, standing for sedimentation, skimming supernatant, and extruding the lower layer solid to remove free water to obtain cement leaching residue with the water content of 80-90%;
weighing: 1000g of composite silica sol solution and 20g of cement leaching residue are added into a beaker and stirred uniformly, so as to obtain composite modified liquid.
S3, preparing a composite reinforcing agent
Weighing: 1000g of composite modified liquid, 60g of dicumyl peroxide and 30g of tertiary butyl hydroperoxide are added into a three-neck flask, and are uniformly mixed, 500g of modified reinforcing agent is added into the three-neck flask, the temperature of the three-neck flask is increased to 75 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3 hours, and the reaction is carried out, and the reduced pressure distillation is carried out until no liquid flows out, thus obtaining the powdery composite reinforcing agent.
S4, preparing a composite impervious agent
Adding nano silicon dioxide, sodium methyl silicate, sodium metaaluminate, glycine, calcium lignin sulfonate, kaolin, sodium sulfate and calcium hydroxide into a beaker according to the dosage ratio of 15g to 5g to 2g to 1g to 4g, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite impervious agent.
S5, preparing a mixture
Natural rock with the grain size of 8-10mm is selected as coarse aggregate;
selecting coarse sand with the grain size of 1-5mm, medium sand with the grain size of 0.25-1mm and fine sand with the grain size of less than 0.25mm, and uniformly mixing the coarse sand, the medium sand and the fine sand according to the ratio of 5g to 3g to 2g to obtain fine aggregate;
weighing: 30kg of PI52.5 Portland cement, 95kg of coarse aggregate, 80kg of fine aggregate, 60kg of composite reinforcing agent, 0.5kg of DH-4005 type polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 0.3kg of rosin resin, 2kg of composite impervious agent and 20kg of purified water are added into a concrete mixer, and the mixture is obtained after uniform stirring.
S6, preparing an upper interlocking block and a lower interlocking block
The mixture is respectively injected into the forming dies of the upper interlocking block 100 and the lower interlocking block 200, and after being tamped by a vibrator, the forming dies loaded with the mixture are transferred into a steam curing box, the humidity of the steam curing box is kept at 85-95%, the temperature is maintained for 2 days in a 28 ℃ environment, the temperature of the steam curing box is slowly increased to 58 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃/day, the temperature is maintained for 3 days, the temperature of the steam curing box is naturally reduced to room temperature, and the upper interlocking block 100 and the lower interlocking block 200 are obtained after the die stripping.
Example IV
Referring to fig. 1-6, the preparation method of the prefabricated interlocking block based on the wharf port of the embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, preparing a modified reinforcing agent
The waste automobile tires are disassembled, crushed, magnetically separated and refined to prepare rubber powder with the particle size of 2-3 mm;
weighing: 270g of rubber powder, 90g of polypropylene fiber with the diameter of 30-50 mu m and the length of 10-15mm, 60g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 900mL of 30wt% sodium hydroxide solution are added into a three-neck flask to be stirred, the temperature of the three-neck flask is increased to 57 ℃, 90g of potassium permanganate is added into the three-neck flask, the temperature of the three-neck flask is kept for 55min, the temperature of the three-neck flask is reduced to room temperature, suction filtration is carried out, a filter cake is washed to be neutral by purified water, and the filter cake is transferred into a drying box with the temperature of 65 ℃ to be dried to constant weight, thus obtaining the modified reinforcing agent.
S2, preparing composite modified liquid
Methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, silica sol, an emulsifier, purified water and ammonium persulfate are added into a beaker according to the dosage ratio of 1g to 1.3g to 1.5g to 15g to 0.6g to 8mL to 0.1g, and the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a monomer mixture, wherein the content of silica in the silica sol is 18%, and the emulsifier consists of tween 80 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose according to the dosage ratio of 3g to 1 g;
weighing: 250mL of purified water, 15g of Tween 80, 5g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 25g of methyl acrylate, 32.5g of ethyl methacrylate, 37.5g of butyl acrylate and 7.5g of ammonium persulfate are added into a three-neck flask, the temperature of the three-neck flask is increased to 80 ℃, 4000g of monomer mixture is dropwise added into the three-neck flask after the reaction is initiated, the temperature of the three-neck flask is reduced to room temperature after the dropwise addition is completed, the pH=7.5 of the system is regulated, and a 60-mesh filter screen is used for filtering to obtain a composite silica sol solution;
adding Portland cement of the model PI52.5 and water into a beaker according to the dosage ratio of 1g to 150mL, stirring for 40min, standing for sedimentation, skimming supernatant, and extruding lower-layer solid to remove free water to obtain cement leaching residue with the water content of 80-90%;
weighing: 1000g of composite silica sol solution and 20g of cement leaching residue are added into a beaker and stirred uniformly, so as to obtain composite modified liquid.
S3, preparing a composite reinforcing agent
Weighing: 1000g of composite modified liquid, 60g of dicumyl peroxide and 30g of tertiary butyl hydroperoxide are added into a three-neck flask, and are uniformly mixed, 500g of modified reinforcing agent is added into the three-neck flask, the temperature of the three-neck flask is increased to 80 ℃, the temperature is kept for 4 hours, and the mixture is distilled under reduced pressure until no liquid flows out, so that the powdery composite reinforcing agent is obtained.
S4, preparing a composite impervious agent
Adding nano silicon dioxide, sodium methyl silicate, sodium metaaluminate, glycine, calcium lignin sulfonate, kaolin, sodium sulfate and calcium hydroxide into a beaker according to the dosage ratio of 15g to 5g to 2g to 1g to 4g, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite impervious agent.
S5, preparing a mixture
Natural rock with the grain size of 8-10mm is selected as coarse aggregate;
selecting coarse sand with the grain size of 1-5mm, medium sand with the grain size of 0.25-1mm and fine sand with the grain size of less than 0.25mm, and uniformly mixing the coarse sand, the medium sand and the fine sand according to the ratio of 5g to 3g to 2g to obtain fine aggregate;
weighing: 35kg of PI52.5 Portland cement, 100kg of coarse aggregate, 85kg of fine aggregate, 65kg of composite reinforcing agent, 50.65kg of amino high-performance water reducer, 50.4kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2.5kg of composite impervious agent and 25kg of purified water are added into a concrete mixer, and the mixture is obtained after uniform stirring.
S6, preparing an upper interlocking block and a lower interlocking block
The mixture is respectively injected into the forming dies of the upper interlocking block 100 and the lower interlocking block 200, and after being tamped by a vibrator, the forming dies loaded with the mixture are transferred into a steam curing box, the humidity of the steam curing box is kept at 85-95%, the temperature is maintained for 2 days in a 29 ℃ environment, the temperature of the steam curing box is slowly increased to 59 ℃ at a heating rate of 15 ℃/day, the temperature is maintained for 3 days, the temperature of the steam curing box is naturally reduced to room temperature, and the upper interlocking block 100 and the lower interlocking block 200 are obtained after the die stripping.
Example five
Referring to fig. 1-6, the preparation method of the prefabricated interlocking block based on the wharf port of the embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, preparing a modified reinforcing agent
The waste automobile tires are disassembled, crushed, magnetically separated and refined to prepare rubber powder with the particle size of 2-3 mm;
weighing: 270g of rubber powder, 90g of polypropylene fiber with the diameter of 30-50 mu m and the length of 10-15mm, 60g of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 900mL of 30wt% sodium hydroxide solution are added into a three-neck flask to be stirred, the temperature of the three-neck flask is increased to 60 ℃, 90g of potassium permanganate is added into the three-neck flask, the temperature of the three-neck flask is kept for 60min, the temperature of the three-neck flask is reduced to room temperature, suction filtration is carried out, a filter cake is washed to be neutral by purified water, and the filter cake is transferred into a drying box with the temperature of 70 ℃ to be dried to constant weight, thus obtaining the modified reinforcing agent.
S2, preparing composite modified liquid
Methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, silica sol, an emulsifier, purified water and ammonium persulfate are added into a beaker according to the dosage ratio of 1g to 1.3g to 1.5g to 15g to 0.6g to 8mL to 0.1g, and the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a monomer mixture, wherein the content of silica in the silica sol is 18%, and the emulsifier consists of tween 80 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose according to the dosage ratio of 3g to 1 g;
weighing: 250mL of purified water, 15g of Tween 80, 5g of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 25g of methyl acrylate, 32.5g of ethyl methacrylate, 37.5g of butyl acrylate and 7.5g of ammonium persulfate are added into a three-neck flask, the temperature of the three-neck flask is increased to 85 ℃, 4000g of monomer mixture is dropwise added into the three-neck flask after the reaction is initiated, the temperature is kept for 6 hours after the dropwise addition, the temperature of the three-neck flask is reduced to room temperature, the pH=8 of the system is regulated, and a 60-mesh filter screen is used for filtering, so that a composite silica sol solution is obtained;
adding silicate cement and water into a beaker according to the dosage ratio of 1g to 150mL, stirring for 50min, standing for sedimentation, skimming supernatant, and extruding the lower layer solid to remove free water to obtain cement leaching residue with the water content of 90%;
weighing: 1000g of composite silica sol solution and 20g of cement leaching residue are added into a beaker and stirred uniformly, so as to obtain composite modified liquid.
S3, preparing a composite reinforcing agent
Weighing: 1000g of composite modified liquid, 60g of dicumyl peroxide and 30g of tertiary butyl hydroperoxide are added into a three-neck flask, and are uniformly mixed, 500g of modified reinforcing agent is added into the three-neck flask, the temperature of the three-neck flask is increased to 85 ℃, the temperature is kept for 5h, and the reaction is carried out, and the pressure is reduced, so that no liquid flows out, and the composite reinforcing agent is obtained.
S4, preparing a composite impervious agent
Adding nano silicon dioxide, sodium methyl silicate, sodium metaaluminate, glycine, calcium lignin sulfonate, kaolin, sodium sulfate and calcium hydroxide into a beaker according to the dosage ratio of 15g to 5g to 2g to 1g to 4g, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite impervious agent.
S5, preparing a mixture
Natural rock with the grain size of 8-10mm is selected as coarse aggregate;
selecting coarse sand with the grain size of 1-5mm, medium sand with the grain size of 0.25-1mm and fine sand with the grain size of less than 0.25mm, and uniformly mixing the coarse sand, the medium sand and the fine sand according to the ratio of 5g to 3g to 2g to obtain fine aggregate;
weighing: 40kg of PI52.5 Portland cement, 105kg of coarse aggregate, 90kg of fine aggregate, 70kg of composite reinforcing agent, 0.8kg of DH-4005 type polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 0.5kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 3kg of composite impervious agent and 30kg of purified water are added into a concrete mixer, and the mixture is obtained after uniform stirring.
S6, preparing an upper interlocking block and a lower interlocking block
The mixture is respectively injected into the forming dies of the upper interlocking block 100 and the lower interlocking block 200, and after being tamped by a vibrator, the forming dies loaded with the mixture are transferred into a steam curing box, the humidity of the steam curing box is kept at 85-95%, the temperature is kept at 30 ℃ for 2 days, the temperature of the steam curing box is slowly increased to 60 ℃ at the heating rate of 15 ℃/day, the temperature is kept for 3 days, the temperature of the steam curing box is naturally reduced to the room temperature, and the upper interlocking block 100 and the lower interlocking block 200 are obtained after the die stripping.
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example differs from example 5 in that no polypropylene fiber was added in step S1.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example differs from example 5 in that the composite reinforcing agent in step S5 is replaced by a modified reinforcing agent in equal amount.
Comparative example 3
The difference between this comparative example and example 5 is that the cement clinker is not added to the composite modifying liquid in step S2, and the composite modifying liquid in step S3 is replaced with the composite silica sol solution in equal amount.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example differs from example 5 in that no nanosilica was added to the composite permeation preventive prepared in step S4.
The mechanical properties, water permeation resistance and freezing resistance of the upper or lower interlocking blocks prepared in examples 3 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were tested, wherein the water absorption, compressive strength and flexural strength of the test specimen were measured by the water permeation resistance and mechanical properties reference standard GB/T50081-2019 "concrete physical mechanical properties test method standard", the freezing resistance was subjected to 25 freeze thawing cycles according to the standard GB/T35723-2017 "concrete pavement brick freezing resistance surface salt freezing quick test method", the peeling amount per unit area of the test specimen was measured, and the mechanical properties of the test specimen after the freeze thawing cycle were measured by reference to the mechanical properties test standard, and the specific test results are shown in the following table:
data analysis:
as can be seen from comparative analysis of the data of examples 3 to 5, the prefabricated interlocking block based on wharf prepared by the invention has water absorption reduced to 1.70%, compression strength reaching 56.8MPa, tensile strength reaching 5.5MPa, compression strength maintained at 49MPa, flexural strength maintained at 3.5MPa, and peeling amount per unit area reduced to 2.4g/m after 25 freeze thawing cycles 2 After 25 freeze thawing cycles, the compressive strength retention rate of the test piece reaches 86.26%, and the flexural strength retention rate reaches 63.62%, which shows that the interlocking block prepared by the invention not only effectively improves the mechanical property and the water permeation resistance, but also improves the freezing resistance of the interlocking block;
the mechanical property and the freezing resistance of the comparative example 1 are reduced, which shows that the mechanical property and the freezing resistance of the interlocking block can be effectively improved by adding the polypropylene fiber;
the mechanical property, the water absorption and the freezing resistance of the comparative example 2 are all reduced, which shows that the modification and recombination of the modification reinforcing agent can effectively improve the influence of the modification reinforcing agent on the performance of the interlocking block, improve the mechanical property and the freezing resistance of the interlocking block and reduce the water permeation resistance of the interlocking block;
the mechanical properties of comparative example 3 are reduced, which shows that the mechanical properties of the interlocking block can be improved by adding cement leaching residue into the composite modified liquid;
the freezing resistance and the water permeability resistance of the comparative example 4 are obviously reduced, which indicates that the freezing resistance and the water carburization resistance of the interlocking block can be effectively improved by adding nano silicon dioxide into the composite anti-permeability agent, and the consumption proportion of the nano silicon dioxide is reduced or increased in the experimental process, and the freezing resistance and the water permeability resistance of the test piece are both reduced, which indicates that the composite anti-permeability agent provided by the invention has good auxiliary anti-permeability performance for the interlocking block.
The foregoing is merely illustrative and explanatory of the invention, as it is well within the scope of the invention as claimed, as it relates to various modifications, additions and substitutions for those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept and without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. Prefabricated interlocking piece based on pier harbour, its characterized in that includes:
the upper interlocking block (100), the upper interlocking block (100) comprises a first central block (101) and four first corner blocks (102), and the centers of the four first corner blocks (102) and the bottom of the first central block (101) are respectively provided with a connecting clamping groove (103);
the lower interlocking block (200) comprises a center block II (201) and four corner block II (202), and the top centers of the corner block II (202) and the center block II (201) are respectively provided with a connecting clamping block (203) matched with the connecting clamping groove (103);
the upper interlocking block (100) and the lower interlocking block (200) are respectively injected into a forming die from a mixture, and are obtained after curing for 6-7 days and demolding after being tamped by a vibrator, wherein the mixture comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-400 parts of Portland cement, 950-1050 parts of coarse aggregate, 800-900 parts of fine aggregate, 600-700 parts of composite reinforcing agent, 5-8 parts of water reducer, 3-5 parts of air entraining agent, 20-30 parts of composite impervious agent and 200-300 parts of purified water;
the composite reinforcing agent is prepared by the following steps:
a1, disassembling, crushing, magnetically separating and refining waste automobile tires to prepare rubber powder with the particle size of 2-3 mm;
a2, adding rubber powder, polypropylene fibers, hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 30wt% sodium hydroxide solution into a three-neck flask, stirring, heating the three-neck flask to 55-60 ℃, adding potassium permanganate into the three-neck flask, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 50-60min, and carrying out post treatment to obtain a modified reinforcing agent;
a3, adding the composite modified liquid and the cross-linking agent into a three-neck flask, uniformly mixing, adding the modified reinforcing agent into the three-neck flask, raising the temperature of the three-neck flask to 75-85 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 3-5h, and carrying out reduced pressure distillation until no liquid flows out, thereby obtaining the composite reinforcing agent;
the composite modified liquid is prepared by the following steps:
b1, adding methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, silica sol, an emulsifier, purified water and an initiator into a beaker, and uniformly mixing to obtain a monomer mixture;
adding purified water, an emulsifying agent, methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate and an initiator into a three-neck flask, stirring, raising the temperature of the three-neck flask to 75-85 ℃, dropwise adding a monomer mixture into the three-neck flask after the reaction is initiated, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 4-6 hours after the dropwise addition is completed, so as to obtain a composite silica sol solution;
adding silicate cement and water into a beaker, stirring for 30-50min, standing for sedimentation, skimming supernatant, and extruding the lower layer of solid to remove free water to obtain cement leaching residue with the water content of 80-90%;
and B4, immersing the composite silica sol solution and cement into a beaker, and uniformly stirring to obtain the composite modified liquid.
2. The prefabricated interlocking block based on the wharf port according to claim 1, wherein the cross sections of the first center block (101), the first corner block (102), the second center block (201), the second corner block (202) and the engagement block (203) are all in a parallelogram structure, and the inclined surfaces of the first center block (101), the first corner block (102), the second center block (201) and the second corner block (202) are opposite to the inclined surfaces of the engagement block (203).
3. The dock-port based prefabricated interlocking block of claim 1, wherein the rubber powder, polypropylene fiber, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, 30wt% sodium hydroxide solution and potassium permanganate in step A2 are used in a ratio of 9g to 3g to 2g to 30ml to 3g; in the step A3, the dosage ratio of the composite modifying liquid to the cross-linking agent to the modifying reinforcing agent is 10g to 0.9g to 5g, wherein the cross-linking agent consists of dicumyl peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide according to the dosage ratio of 2g to 1g.
4. The dock-port based prefabricated interlocking block according to claim 1, wherein in the step B1, the dosage ratio of methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, silica sol, emulsifier, purified water and initiator is 1g:1.3g:1.5g:15g:0.6g:8ml:0.1g, wherein the content of silica in the silica sol is 18%, the emulsifier consists of tween 80 and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose according to the dosage ratio of 3g:1g, and the initiator is ammonium persulfate; in the step B2, the dosage ratio of purified water, an emulsifying agent, methyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, an initiator and a monomer mixture is 10mL:0.8 g:1.3g:1.5g:0.3g:160g, the emulsifying agent consists of Tween 80 and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose according to the dosage ratio of 3g:1g, and the initiator is ammonium persulfate; the dosage ratio of silicate cement to water in the step B3 is 1g to 150mL; the dosage ratio of the composite silica sol solution to the silicate cement in the step B4 is 5g to 1g.
5. The prefabricated wharf-based interlocking block according to claim 1, wherein the composite impervious agent is composed of nano silicon dioxide, sodium methyl silicate, sodium metaaluminate, glycine, calcium lignosulfonate, kaolin, sodium sulfate and calcium hydroxide in a dosage ratio of 15g to 5g to 2g to 1g to 4 g.
6. The dock-port based prefabricated interlocking block of claim 1, wherein the maintenance is specifically performed by: transferring the forming die loaded with the mixture into a steam curing box, keeping the humidity of the steam curing box at 85-95%, curing for 2 days in the environment with the temperature of 28-30 ℃, slowly raising the temperature of the steam curing box to 58-60 ℃ at the heating rate of 15 ℃/day, preserving heat and curing for 3 days, and naturally cooling the temperature of the steam curing box to room temperature.
7. The dock-port based prefabricated interlocking block of claim 1, wherein the portland cement model is PI52.5; the coarse aggregate consists of natural rock with the grain size of 8-10 mm; the fine aggregate consists of coarse sand with the grain size of 1-5mm, medium sand with the grain size of 0.25-1mm and fine sand with the grain size of less than 0.25mm according to the ratio of 5g to 3g to 2 g; the water reducer is one of DH-4005 type polycarboxylate water reducer and amino high-performance water reducer; the air entraining agent is one or more of rosin resin, sodium dodecyl sulfonate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
8. A method of constructing a dock-port based prefabricated interlocking block, for use in any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
firstly, finishing a construction surface of a wharf port, which is required to be paved with interlocking blocks, removing tree roots, weeds and garbage on the construction surface, tamping with clay, and forming a clay layer with the thickness of 5-8cm on the construction surface;
paving a mixture consisting of crushed stone with the grain diameter of 30-50mm, sand, cement, stone powder and fly ash with the grain diameter of 1-5mm on the upper surface of the clay layer according to the dosage ratio of 300g to 250g to 6g to 4g to 7g, leveling, and forming a water-stable layer with the thickness of 20-30cm on the upper surface of the clay layer;
step three, paving mixed sand consisting of sand with the particle size of 1-5mm and cement according to the dosage ratio of 7g to 1g on the water stabilization layer, and forming a loose sand layer with the thickness of 3-5cm on the upper surface of the water stabilization layer;
step four, using the surface with the connecting clamping blocks (203) as the top surface of the lower interlocking block (200), attaching the bottom of the lower interlocking block (200) to the top surface of the loose sand layer, and paving a plurality of lower interlocking blocks (200) on the top of the loose sand layer in an edge-to-edge attaching and splicing mode to form a lower interlocking block layer;
step five, paving an upper interlocking block (100) on the top of the lower interlocking block layer, so that a connecting clamping groove (103) at the bottom of the first central block (101) is clamped with a connecting clamping block (203) at the top of one corner block (202) of the second lower interlocking block (200), paving the upper interlocking block (100) on the top of the lower interlocking block layer, and forming an upper interlocking block layer at the bottom of the lower interlocking block layer.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19990027332A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-04-15 | 유승빈 | Shore Block |
| CN1318123A (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2001-10-17 | 权赫珉 | Middle armor block for coastal structure and method for placement of its block |
| KR20060112129A (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-10-31 | (주)다인건설 | The block for the river bed protection, and the construction method of this |
| CN207211077U (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2018-04-10 | 广州市坚基环保数码彩砖有限公司 | A kind of bank protection interlocking segment |
| CN116283159A (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-06-23 | 连云港建港实业有限公司 | Process for preparing wear-resistant interlocking block by using iron ore screening material |
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2023
- 2023-10-10 CN CN202311306363.3A patent/CN117344689B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19990027332A (en) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-04-15 | 유승빈 | Shore Block |
| CN1318123A (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2001-10-17 | 权赫珉 | Middle armor block for coastal structure and method for placement of its block |
| KR20060112129A (en) * | 2005-04-26 | 2006-10-31 | (주)다인건설 | The block for the river bed protection, and the construction method of this |
| CN207211077U (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2018-04-10 | 广州市坚基环保数码彩砖有限公司 | A kind of bank protection interlocking segment |
| CN116283159A (en) * | 2023-05-11 | 2023-06-23 | 连云港建港实业有限公司 | Process for preparing wear-resistant interlocking block by using iron ore screening material |
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