CN117340430A

CN117340430A - Water-guide laser coupling processing device

Info

Publication number: CN117340430A
Application number: CN202210759597.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖清明; 周光哲; 何方舟; 孙小峰; 张毅萍
Original assignee: Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-29
Filing date: 2022-06-29
Publication date: 2024-01-05

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and particularly discloses a water-guided laser coupling processing device. Wherein, the top terminal surface of shell is equipped with the light inlet. The light guide device is arranged in the shell and comprises a focusing lens. The liquid cavity links to each other with the shell, and the one end that liquid cavity is close to light guide device is equipped with the light trap, and window lens sets up in light trap department, is equipped with the liquid outlet on the liquid cavity. The focusing device can focus the laser light. The laser path adjusting device can emit laser light according to a specified route. The water-guided laser coupling processing device can realize high-efficiency coupling of high-power laser, can perform deep interventional processing, and has the advantages of high processing depth and low maintenance cost.

Description

Water-guide laser coupling processing device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a water-guide laser coupling processing device.

Background

The water-guided laser processing technology utilizes the principle that light is totally reflected in a water-air two-phase medium to couple a laser beam into a water jet for processing a material. The water-guided laser processing technology has unique advantages in the field of brittle and heat-sensitive material technicians due to the transient type of pulse laser processing and the cooling and flushing effects of water jet on the material surface.

The taper and heat affected zone of the water-guided laser machining is significantly reduced compared to conventional dry laser machining. However, the conventional water-guided laser processing device has poor coupling precision between the laser and water, so that the device is difficult to perform high-efficiency deep processing.

Therefore, it is needed to provide a water-guided laser coupling processing device to solve the above-mentioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a water-guided laser coupling processing device which can realize high-efficiency coupling of high-power laser, can perform large-depth interventional processing and has the advantages of large processing depth and low maintenance cost.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a water-guided laser coupling processing device, comprising:

the light source comprises a shell, wherein a light inlet hole is formed in the top end face of the shell;

the light guide device is arranged in the shell and comprises a focusing lens;

the liquid chamber is connected with the shell, a light hole is formed in one end, close to the light guide device, of the liquid chamber, a window lens is arranged at the light hole, and a liquid outlet is formed in the liquid chamber;

the focusing device comprises a light supplementing lamp, a display device and a displacement adjusting device;

the light supplementing lamp is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the display device is arranged on the shell, the position of light rays emitted by the light supplementing lamp, the focal position of the focusing lens and the position of the liquid outlet can be observed through the display device, and the displacement adjusting device can enable the focusing lens to move along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction so that the light rays emitted by the light supplementing lamp sequentially pass through the light guide device, the focal point of the focusing lens, the window lens and the liquid outlet; and

the laser path adjusting device defines a path that light rays emitted by the light supplementing lamp sequentially pass through the light guide device, the focus of the focusing lens, the window lens and the liquid outlet as a first path, and a path that laser sequentially passes through the light guide device, the focus of the focusing lens, the window lens and the liquid outlet as a second path, wherein the laser path adjusting device can enable the first path to coincide with the second path.

Optionally, the laser path adjusting device includes:

the first reflecting mirror is connected with the shell, is arranged below the light inlet hole and is opposite to the light inlet hole, and the laser irradiates on the first reflecting mirror along the Z-axis direction;

the second reflector is connected with the shell, is arranged below the light supplementing lamp and is opposite to the light supplementing lamp, and light rays emitted by the light supplementing lamp pass through the second reflector along the Z-axis direction;

the first reflecting mirror is parallel to the second reflecting mirror, and the intersection point of the light rays emitted by the light supplementing lamp and the second reflecting mirror coincides with the intersection point of the laser reflected by the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror.

Optionally, the angle between the first reflecting mirror and the X axis is 45 °, and the angle between the second reflecting mirror and the X axis is 45 °.

Optionally, the displacement adjustment device comprises:

the Z-direction focusing knob is rotationally connected with the shell, an internal thread is arranged on the Z-direction focusing knob, the light guide device further comprises a light guide cylinder, an external thread is arranged on the light guide cylinder, and the internal thread is in threaded connection with the external thread;

and the XY axis displacement table is fixedly connected with the light guide tube, and the focusing lens is fixed on the XY axis displacement table.

Optionally, the device further comprises a laminar flow protection device, wherein the laminar flow protection device is arranged at the liquid outlet and is used for protecting the water jet at the liquid outlet.

Optionally, the laminar flow protection device includes the body and sets up first through-hole on the body, the body with the liquid cavity links to each other, first through-hole with the liquid outlet coaxial arrangement.

Optionally, the diameter of the first through hole gradually increases along a direction away from the liquid outlet.

Optionally, the laminar flow protection device includes:

a support rod, one end of which is connected with the liquid chamber;

the baffle plate, the other end of bracing piece with the baffle plate links to each other, be equipped with the second through-hole on the baffle plate, the second through-hole with the coaxial setting of liquid outlet.

Optionally, the baffle has a diameter greater than or equal to the diameter of the liquid chamber.

Optionally, the liquid chamber is further provided with a plurality of liquid inlets, and the liquid inlets are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the liquid chamber.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the invention provides a water-guided laser coupling processing device which comprises a shell, a light guide device, a liquid chamber, a focusing device and a laser path adjusting device. Through setting up focusing device, can simulate the laser route, make the light of light filling lamp transmission and focus and the liquid outlet of focusing lens be on same axis to combine laser path adjusting device, make the first route of light filling lamp transmission and the second route coincidence of laser transmission, when guaranteeing above-mentioned water guide laser coupling processingequipment security performance, realized adjusting the purpose of laser transmission route, make the water jet coupling of laser and liquid outlet department highly coupling, and then realized the degree of depth processing of high-power laser.

Through setting up the liquid cavity, can make the liquid outlet last output steady voltage water jet, guaranteed the reliability of coupling between laser and the water jet, and then improved above-mentioned water guide laser coupling processingequipment's operational reliability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a water-guided laser coupling craftsman device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an assembly diagram of a focusing lens and an XY axis displacement stage according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a laminar flow protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the baffle plate in fig. 3.

In the figure:

100. a housing; 110. a first subsection; 111. a light inlet hole; 120. a second subsection; 200. a light guide device; 210. a focusing lens; 220. a light guide tube; 300. a liquid chamber; 310. a light hole; 320. a window lens; 330. a liquid outlet; 340. a liquid inlet; 410. a light supplementing lamp; 420. a display device; 430. a displacement adjusting device; 431. a Z-direction focusing knob; 432. an XY axis displacement stage; 510. a first mirror; 520. a second mirror; 600. laminar flow protection device; 611. a body; 612. a first through hole; 621. a support rod; 622. A flow baffle; 6221. and a second through hole.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first location" and "second location" are two distinct locations and wherein the first feature is "above," "over" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is level above the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the water-guided laser coupling processing apparatus includes a housing 100, a light guide 200, a liquid chamber 300, a focusing device, and a laser path adjusting device. Wherein, the top end face of the housing 100 is provided with a light inlet 111, and laser emitted by the laser enters the housing 100 from the light inlet 111. The light guide 200 is disposed in the housing 100, and the light guide 200 includes a focusing lens 210, the focusing lens 210 being capable of forming a focused spot of uniform size on a processing region of a material to be processed by a laser beam. The liquid chamber 300 is connected with the housing 100, a light hole 310 is arranged at one end of the liquid chamber 300 close to the light guide device 200, a window lens 320 is arranged at the light hole, and laser can enter the liquid chamber 300 through the window lens 320. The liquid chamber 300 is provided with a liquid outlet 330, the liquid in the liquid chamber 300 flows out from the liquid outlet 330 and forms water jet, and the diameter of the liquid chamber 300 is larger than that of the liquid outlet 330, so that stable water jet is convenient to improve. The focusing device can simulate a laser path and complete adjustment of the laser path in advance. Because the laser can remove materials, if the laser path is offset, the components of the water guide laser coupling processing device can be damaged, so that the focusing device is arranged, the laser path is adjusted in advance, the laser is prevented from damaging the components of the water guide laser coupling processing device, and the safety performance of the water guide laser coupling processing device is improved. Specifically, the focusing device includes a light supplement lamp 410, a display device 420, and a displacement adjustment device 430. The light compensating lamp 410 is disposed on an inner wall of the housing 100, and light emitted by the light compensating lamp 410 is used for simulating laser. The display device 420 is disposed on the housing 100, and a worker can observe the position of the light emitted from the light supplement lamp 410, the focal position of the focusing lens 210, and the position of the liquid outlet 330 through the display device 420. The displacement adjustment device 430 can move the focus lens 210 in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction. The worker observes the position of the light emitted from the light compensating lamp 410 and the position of the liquid outlet 330 through the display device 420, and adjusts the position of the focusing lens 210 through the displacement adjusting device 430, so that the light emitted from the light compensating lamp 410 passes through the focus of the focusing lens 210 and is emitted from the liquid outlet 330. For easy understanding, the paths of the light rays emitted by the light compensating lamp 410 sequentially passing through the light guiding device 200, the focus of the focusing lens 210, the window lens 320 and the liquid outlet 330 are defined as a first path, the paths of the laser sequentially passing through the light guiding device 200, the focus of the focusing lens 210, the window lens 320 and the liquid outlet 330 are defined as a second path, and the laser path adjusting device can enable the first path to coincide with the second path, so as to avoid damaging the parts of the water-guided laser coupling processing device by the laser.

The invention realizes the focusing of laser by arranging the focusing device and the laser path adjusting device and arranging the focusing lens 210, and compared with the prior art, the invention greatly reduces the diameter of the liquid outlet 330, ensures that scattered laser beams are gathered into high-power laser beams and are emitted from the liquid outlet 330, improves the coupling performance of the laser and the water jet, and realizes the deep processing of the high-power laser. The water-guide laser coupling processing device is simple in structure and low in maintenance cost.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1, the liquid chamber 300 is further provided with a plurality of liquid inlets 340, and the plurality of liquid inlets 340 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the liquid chamber 300, and the liquid conveying device conveys the pressurized liquid into the liquid chamber 300 through the liquid inlets 340.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1, the laser path adjustment device includes a first mirror 510 and a second mirror 520. The first reflecting mirror 510 is connected to the housing 100, and the first reflecting mirror 510 is disposed below the light entrance 111 and opposite to the light entrance 111, and in this embodiment, the laser irradiates the first reflecting mirror 510 along the Z-axis direction. The second reflector 520 is connected to the housing 100, and the second reflector 520 is disposed below the light compensating lamp 410 and opposite to the light compensating lamp 410, and in this embodiment, the light emitted by the light compensating lamp 410 passes through the second reflector 520 along the Z-axis direction. The first mirror 510 and the second mirror 520 are arranged in parallel, and the intersection point of the light beam emitted by the light compensating lamp 410 and the second mirror 520 coincides with the intersection point of the laser beam reflected by the first mirror 510 and the second mirror 520, so that the first path and the second path can coincide. For ease of understanding, the light between the light supplement lamp 410 and the second mirror 520 is defined as a line segment a, and the laser light between the first mirror 510 and the second mirror 520 is defined as a line segment B, and then an intersection point a of the line segment a and the second mirror 520 coincides with an intersection point a' of the line segment B and the second mirror 520. The first path C and the second path C' can be ensured to coincide.

Optionally, with continued reference to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the first mirror 510 is at an angle b of 45 ° to the X-axis and the second mirror 520 is at an angle b' of 45 ° to the X-axis. In other embodiments, the angle between the first mirror 510 and the X-axis and the angle between the second mirror 520 and the X-axis may be other, which may be set according to practical needs.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the displacement adjustment device 430 includes a Z-direction focusing knob 431 and an XY-axis displacement stage 432. Wherein, the Z-direction focusing knob 431 is rotationally connected with the housing 100, the Z-direction focusing knob 431 is provided with an internal thread, the light guiding device 200 further comprises a light guiding tube 220, the light guiding tube 220 is provided with an external thread, and the internal thread is in threaded connection with the external thread. In this embodiment, the Z-direction focusing knob 431 can only rotate around the Z-axis direction, and thus, rotating the Z-direction focusing knob 431 can move the light guide tube 220 along the Z-axis direction. The XY-axis displacement stage 432 is fixedly connected with the light guide tube 220, the focusing lens 210 is fixed on the XY-axis displacement stage 432, and the XY-axis displacement stage 432 can move the focusing lens 210 along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, and since the XY-axis displacement stage 432 is a prior art, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. The movement of the focusing lens 210 in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction can be realized by the Z-direction focusing knob 431 and the XY-axis displacement stage 432, and focusing of the laser light can be realized.

Preferably, the stability of the water jet and thus the quality of the process is affected by sputtering during the process. Therefore, the laminar flow protection device 600 is arranged at the liquid outlet 330 to protect the water jet, so that the stability of the water jet is prevented from being influenced by sputtering in the processing process, and the processing quality of the water guide laser coupling processing device is improved.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the laminar flow protection device 600 includes a body 611 and a first through hole 612, the body 611 being connected to the liquid chamber 300, the first through hole 612 being disposed coaxially with the liquid outlet 330. The body 611 can block sputtering generated during processing, so that water jet emitted from the liquid outlet 330 maintains a stable shape in the first through hole 612, and processing quality of the water-guided laser coupling processing device is improved. Alternatively, the body 611 may be cylindrical, rectangular, etc. as required.

Preferably, since the water flow starts to be dispersed due to the reduced pressure at the end of the water jet farther from the liquid outlet 330, the diameter of the first through hole 612 gradually increases in the direction away from the liquid outlet 330, facilitating the flow of the water jet.

Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, in another embodiment, the laminar flow protection device 600 includes a support bar 621 and a baffle 622. Wherein one end of the support rod 621 is connected to the liquid chamber 300 and the other end is connected to the baffle 622. The baffle 622 is provided with a second through hole 6221, and the second through hole 6221 is coaxially arranged with the liquid outlet 330, so that the water jet can be emitted from the second through hole 6221. By providing the baffle 622, the water jet can be prevented from sputtering during processing, so that the stability of the water jet can be protected, and the processing quality of the water guide laser coupling processing device can be improved. Preferably, the diameter of the baffle 622 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the liquid chamber 300, so that the baffle 622 can protect the whole liquid chamber 300 and prolong the service life of the water-guided laser coupling processing device.

Further, the housing 100 includes a first part 110 and a second part 120, the first part 110 and the second part 120 are detachably connected, in this embodiment, the light inlet 111 is disposed on the first part 110, and the light guide device 200 is disposed in the second part 120. By providing a detachable connection of the first and second sections 110, 120, the installation of the light guide device 200 is facilitated.

For easy understanding, the working process of the water-guided laser coupling processing device will now be briefly described:

first, the light emitted by the light compensating lamp 410 is focused by the focusing lens 210 and then emitted from the liquid outlet 330, and the first path C is overlapped with the second path C' by the laser path adjusting device.

Then, the control system is activated, and the liquid delivery device delivers pressurized liquid into the liquid chamber 300, causing the liquid outlet 330 to eject the water jet.

Finally, the laser is turned on, so that the laser enters the housing 100 from the light inlet 111, and is transmitted along the second path after being reflected by the first reflecting mirror 510 and the second reflecting mirror 520, the laser is ensured to enter the water jet, the laser is totally reflected in the water jet, the controller can control the water-guided laser coupling processing device to move, and the laser energy is transmitted to the processing surface of the material to be processed, so that efficient, stable and deep removal processing of the material to be processed is realized.

It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.

Claims

1. A water-guided laser coupling processing device, comprising:

the light source comprises a shell (100), wherein a light inlet hole (111) is formed in the top end face of the shell (100);

a light guide (200) disposed within the housing (100), the light guide (200) comprising a focusing lens (210);

the liquid chamber (300) is connected with the shell (100), a light hole (310) is formed in one end, close to the light guide device (200), of the liquid chamber (300), a window lens (320) is arranged at the light hole (310), and a liquid outlet (330) is formed in the liquid chamber (300);

a focusing device comprising a light supplementing lamp (410), a display device (420) and a displacement adjusting device (430);

the light supplementing lamp (410) is arranged on the inner wall of the shell (100), the display device (420) is arranged on the shell (100), the position of light rays emitted by the light supplementing lamp (410), the focal position of the focusing lens (210) and the position of the liquid outlet (330) can be observed through the display device (420), and the displacement adjusting device (430) can enable the focusing lens (210) to move along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction so that the light rays emitted by the light supplementing lamp (410) sequentially pass through the light guide device (200), the focal point of the focusing lens (210), the window lens (320) and the liquid outlet (330); and

the laser path adjusting device defines that the light emitted by the light supplementing lamp (410) sequentially passes through the light guide device (200), the focus of the focusing lens (210), the window lens (320) and the path of the liquid outlet (330) are first paths, the laser sequentially passes through the light guide device (200), the focus of the focusing lens (210), the window lens (320) and the path of the liquid outlet (330) are second paths, and the laser path adjusting device can enable the first paths to coincide with the second paths.

2. The water-guided laser coupling processing device according to claim 1, wherein the laser path adjusting device comprises:

the first reflecting mirror (510) is connected with the shell (100), the first reflecting mirror (510) is arranged below the light inlet hole (111) and opposite to the light inlet hole (111), and the laser irradiates on the first reflecting mirror (510) along the Z-axis direction;

the second reflector (520) is connected with the shell (100), the second reflector (520) is arranged below the light supplementing lamp (410) and opposite to the light supplementing lamp (410), and light rays emitted by the light supplementing lamp (410) pass through the second reflector (520) along the Z-axis direction;

the first reflecting mirror (510) and the second reflecting mirror (520) are arranged in parallel, and an intersection point of the light emitted by the light supplementing lamp (410) and the second reflecting mirror (520) coincides with an intersection point of the laser reflected by the first reflecting mirror (510) and the second reflecting mirror (520).

3. The water-guided laser coupling processing device of claim 2, wherein the first mirror (510) is angled 45 ° to the X-axis and the second mirror (520) is angled 45 ° to the X-axis.

4. The water-guided laser coupling processing device according to claim 1, wherein the displacement adjustment device (430) includes:

the Z-direction focusing knob (431) is rotationally connected with the shell (100), an internal thread is arranged on the Z-direction focusing knob (431), the light guide device (200) further comprises a light guide cylinder (220), an external thread is arranged on the light guide cylinder (220), and the internal thread is in threaded connection with the external thread;

and an XY axis displacement table (432) fixedly connected with the light guide tube (220), wherein the focusing lens (210) is fixed on the XY axis displacement table (432).

5. The water-guided laser coupling processing device of any of claims 1-4, further comprising a laminar flow protection device (600), the laminar flow protection device (600) being disposed at the liquid outlet (330) for protecting the water jet at the liquid outlet (330).

6. The water-guided laser coupling processing device according to claim 5, wherein the laminar flow protection device (600) comprises a body (611) and a first through hole (612) arranged on the body (611), the body (611) is connected with the liquid chamber (300), and the first through hole (612) is coaxially arranged with the liquid outlet (330).

7. The water-guided laser coupling processing device of claim 6, wherein the diameter of the first through hole (612) gradually increases in a direction away from the liquid outlet (330).

8. The water-guided laser coupling machining device of claim 5, wherein the laminar flow protection device (600) comprises:

a support rod (621) having one end connected to the liquid chamber (300);

the baffle plate (622), the other end of bracing piece (621) with baffle plate (622) links to each other, be equipped with second through-hole (6221) on baffle plate (622), second through-hole (6221) with liquid outlet (330) coaxial setting.

9. The water-guided laser coupling processing device of claim 8, wherein the baffle (622) has a diameter greater than or equal to a diameter of the liquid chamber (300).

10. The water-guided laser coupling processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the liquid chamber (300) is further provided with a plurality of liquid inlets (340), and the plurality of liquid inlets (340) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the liquid chamber (300).