CN117340423A - Sliding copper pressing plate for welding and welding method - Google Patents

Sliding copper pressing plate for welding and welding method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117340423A
CN117340423A CN202310664556.XA CN202310664556A CN117340423A CN 117340423 A CN117340423 A CN 117340423A CN 202310664556 A CN202310664556 A CN 202310664556A CN 117340423 A CN117340423 A CN 117340423A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
welding
platen
sliding copper
molten slag
detection terminal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310664556.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
山口幸祐
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kobe Steel Ltd
Original Assignee
Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kobe Steel Ltd filed Critical Kobe Steel Ltd
Publication of CN117340423A publication Critical patent/CN117340423A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K25/00—Slag welding, i.e. using a heated layer or mass of powder, slag, or the like in contact with the material to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • B23K9/035—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts with backing means disposed under the seam
    • B23K9/0352—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts with backing means disposed under the seam the backing means being movable during the welding operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/003—Cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/02—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element
    • B23K37/0211—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element travelling on a guide member, e.g. rail, track
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
    • B23K9/0956—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters using sensing means, e.g. optical
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
    • B23K9/28—Supporting devices for electrodes
    • B23K9/29—Supporting devices adapted for making use of shielding means
    • B23K9/291—Supporting devices adapted for making use of shielding means the shielding means being a gas
    • B23K9/295—Supporting devices adapted for making use of shielding means the shielding means being a gas using consumable electrode-wire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/32—Accessories

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a sliding copper pressing plate for welding and a welding method, which can stably perform welding without generating arc even if the welding speed is increased. A sliding copper platen (30) for welding is provided with a platen main body (40) and a detection terminal (18) of a molten slag bath detector (13) which is provided at the upper end of the platen main body (40) so as to be in non-electrical contact with the platen main body (40) and is capable of detecting the welding voltage of a molten slag bath (7). A pocket (45) for storing molten slag of the molten slag bath (7) is formed on the surface of the pressing plate body (40) on the groove side, the pocket being recessed on the opposite side of the groove (2) from the surface on which the solidified slag (11) contacts, below the detection terminal (18).

Description

Sliding copper pressing plate for welding and welding method
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a sliding copper platen for welding and a welding method.
Background
The electroslag welding method uses joule heat of molten slag existing between a welding wire and a base material as a heat source, and welds the base material and the welding wire while melting them, and is widely used as a high-efficiency construction method for a vertical joint in welding large structures such as shipbuilding and petroleum tanks.
In the electroslag welding method, it is known to use a small water-cooled sliding copper platen having a length to such an extent that it can cover the molten slag bath. Accordingly, the welding torch and the trolley are raised by the rails, the chains, and the like in accordance with progress of welding, and the water-cooled sliding copper platen is moved along the welding line together with the welding torch and the trolley, whereby long welding of several tens of meters can be performed.
In addition, in the electroslag welding method, the weld metal is shielded from the atmosphere by the molten slag, but the molten slag is discharged as solidified slag from the gap between the water-cooled sliding copper platen and the weld bead as the welding progresses. Accordingly, the flux is supplied at a proper time to supplement the amount of solidified slag discharged during welding, and the flux is melted by joule heat to keep the amount of molten slag substantially constant.
Patent document 1 describes an automatic flux addition method for non-consumable nozzle electroslag welding, which is characterized in that an appropriate amount of flux is automatically supplied to the surface of a molten slag bath. In the vertical upward electroslag welding using a non-consumable nozzle, flux addition during welding is automated to keep the depth of molten slag bath in a proper range, thereby producing a stable product free from welding defects such as poor penetration of a base material and slag entrainment.
Prior art literature
Patent literature
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 10-193144
However, since the amount of molten slag discharged per unit time is approximately proportional to the groove width and the welding speed, the amount of molten slag to be supplied per unit time increases as the welding speed increases, and the amount of molten slag in the welded portion varies drastically. Under the condition that the feeding amount of the welding wire is constant, the welding speed is inversely proportional to the sectional area of the groove, so that the smaller the sectional area of the groove is, the larger the welding speed is.
According to such characteristics, when the welding speed is equal to or higher than a constant value, the amount of molten slag discharged increases, and when the amount of molten slag becomes small, an arc or the like extremely occurs, and welding tends to become unstable.
By automating the flux supply amount only by the automatic flux addition method as in patent document 1, even if a reduced amount is added, when the welding speed becomes large, a state occurs in which the amount of molten slag becomes small, and it is difficult to properly hold the amount of molten slag, and welding becomes unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a sliding copper platen for welding and a welding method that can stably perform welding without generating an arc even when the welding speed is increased.
Means for solving the problems
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following structure.
[1] A sliding copper platen for welding, which is disposed opposite to a bevel portion between a pair of base materials to form a molten slag bath and slides along the bevel portion,
the sliding copper platen for welding comprises:
a platen main body portion; and
a detection terminal of a molten solder slag bath detector, which is arranged at the upper end part of the pressing plate main body part in a non-electric contact manner, can detect the welding voltage of the molten solder slag bath,
a pocket portion for storing the molten slag of the molten slag bath is formed on a surface of the pressing plate body portion on the groove portion side, the pocket portion being recessed toward a side opposite to the groove portion from a surface on which the solidified slag is brought into contact, below the detection terminal.
[2] A method of welding, wherein,
the welding method comprises the following steps:
disposing the sliding copper platen for welding of [1] toward a groove portion between a pair of base materials;
flux is poured into the groove part and welding wire is supplied from the front end of the contact tip; and
and a welding unit configured to perform welding by moving the contact tip along the groove portion and by sliding the welding slide copper platen along the groove portion.
Effects of the invention
According to the sliding copper platen for welding and the welding method of the present invention, the bag portion for storing the molten slag of the molten slag bath is formed in the platen body portion, so that the welding can be stably performed without generating an arc even if the welding speed is increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electroslag welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the molten slag bath detector.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the front side of the sliding copper platen for welding of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the front side of the sliding copper platen for welding shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the sliding copper platen for welding along line A-A of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a copper platen and a sliding copper platen for welding are disposed in a groove portion of a butt joint.
Fig. 7 is a rear view of the sliding copper platen for welding shown in fig. 3.
Description of the reference numerals
2 groove part
3 base material
4 welding torch
5 conductive nozzle
6 welding wire
7 melting slag bath
9 molten metal
12 solder
13 molten welding slag bath detector
14 flux supply device
16 travelling trolley
18 detection terminal
30 sliding copper pressing plate for welding
40 platen body portion
41 contact surface
43 recess portion
45 bag part
47 groove
48 insulating member
100 electroslag welding device.
Detailed Description
A sliding copper platen for welding and a welding method using the same according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
< Structure of welding device >
First, an electroslag welding apparatus using a sliding copper platen for welding according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electroslag welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 1, an arrow Z is set to the up-down direction which is the direction along the weld line of the base material, an arrow X is set to the plate thickness direction of the base material, and an arrow Y is set to the direction in which the pair of base materials are aligned, that is, the direction along the surface of the base material. Therefore, the upper side is the upper side of the sheet of fig. 1, the lower side is the lower side of the sheet of fig. 1, the front side is the left side of the sheet of fig. 1, and the rear side is the right side of the sheet of fig. 1. In fig. 3 to 7, it is assumed that the welding sliding copper platen is disposed on the surface of the base material, arrow Z is the longitudinal direction of the welding sliding copper platen, arrow X is the thickness direction of the welding sliding copper platen, and arrow Y is the width direction of the welding sliding copper platen. Therefore, in the sliding copper platen for welding, the bevel portion side is the front side, and the side opposite to the bevel portion side is the rear side.
As shown in fig. 1, the electroslag welding apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a fixed backing material 1, a welding sliding copper platen 30, a welding torch 4, a molten slag bath detector 13, a flux supply device 14, a flux supply control device 15, a traveling carriage 16, and a traveling carriage control device 17.
In the electroslag welding apparatus 100, a fixed backing material 1 is disposed on the back side of a bevel portion 2 of a pair of base materials 3 as a steel plate, and a sliding copper platen 30 for welding is disposed on the front side of the bevel portion 2. The backing material 1 is made of a heat-resistant ceramic, a water-cooled copper platen, or the like. The front side sliding copper platen 30 is a copper platen that slides in the up-down direction, and is water-cooled as will be described later. However, a material other than copper may be used instead of the material of the sliding copper platen 30 for welding.
The welding torch 4 supplies power to the welding wire 6 by a welding current 8 supplied from a welding power source, not shown, to weld the base material 3. In addition, the welding torch 4 has a contact tip 5, and the contact tip 5 guides the welding wire 6 and supplies a welding current 8 to the welding wire 6.
The molten slag bath detector 13 detects the position of the molten slag bath 7. The flux supply device 14 inputs flux 12 into the molten slag bath 7. Since the flux 12 melts to become molten slag, the amount of the molten slag bath 7 increases by the addition of the flux 12.
The flux supply control device 15 controls the operation of the flux supply device 14, and adjusts the amount of flux 12 to be supplied to the molten slag bath 7.
The traveling carriage 16 carries a sliding copper platen 30 for welding, a welding torch 4, a molten slag bath detector 13, a flux supply device 14, a flux supply control device 15, and a traveling carriage control device 17, and moves in an upward direction. That is, the traveling carriage 16 moves integrally with the sliding copper platen 30 for welding, the welding torch 4, the molten metal slag bath detector 13, the flux supply device 14, the flux supply control device 15, and the traveling carriage control device 17, and therefore the relative positional relationship of the traveling carriage and the welding slag bath detector is not changed. When the traveling carriage 16 is lifted, the contact tip 5 moves along the groove portion 2, and the welding sliding copper platen 30 slides along the groove portion 2, thereby performing welding in the upward direction.
The traveling carriage control device 17 increases or decreases the traveling speed of the traveling carriage 16, and controls the operation of the traveling carriage 16.
The welding wire 6 is fed from the tip of the contact tip 5 of the welding torch 4 into the groove portion 2 surrounded by the base material 3, the backing material 1, and the sliding copper platen 30 for welding, and is fed into the molten slag bath 7 formed in the groove portion 2. The welding current 8 flows from the welding wire 6 through the molten slag bath 7 to the molten metal 9. At this time, joule heat is generated by the welding current 8 flowing in the molten slag bath 7 and the resistance of the molten slag bath 7, and the welding is progressed while the welding wire 6 and the base material 3 are melted.
As the welding progresses, the molten metal 9 is cooled to become the weld metal 10, a part of the molten slag bath 7 becomes a molten slag layer formed between the backing material 1 and the weld metal 10 and between the sliding copper platen for welding 30 and the weld metal 10, and the molten slag layer is cooled to become the solidified slag 11. In this way, since a part of the molten slag bath 7 becomes the solidified slag 11 covering the bead surface, the depth Ls of the molten slag bath 7 gradually decreases as the welding progresses and is consumed. To compensate for this reduction in the molten slag bath 7, it is necessary to add flux 12 that is melted and becomes the molten slag bath 7.
The amount of the solidified slag 11 covering the bead surface varies depending on the bead width and the width of the weld groove. The amount of the solidified slag 11 also varies depending on the degree of adhesion between the backing material 1 and the sliding copper platen 30 for welding and the cooling state. Therefore, the amount of the solidified slag 11 is not constant, and in order to maintain the depth Ls of the molten slag bath 7 constant, the amount of the flux 12 to be charged also needs to be changed. However, if the amount of flux 12 added is not appropriate because the depth Ls of the molten slag bath 7 is not known, the depth Ls of the molten slag bath 7 fluctuates.
In the present embodiment, control is performed to make the depth Ls of the molten slag bath 7 constant. Here, the constant is not limited to the case where the depth Ls of the molten slag bath 7 is always one value, but includes the case where the depth Ls of the molten slag bath 7 represents a value within a constant range in consideration of an error. That is, the depth Ls of the molten slag bath 7 is controlled to be kept at a predetermined depth.
The first requirement for keeping the depth Ls of the molten slag bath 7 constant is that the wire length Ld (hereinafter, referred to as dry extension Ld) from the tip of the contact tip 5 to the upper surface of the molten slag bath 7 is controlled to a predetermined length. The second requirement for keeping the depth Ls of the molten slag bath 7 constant is that the traveling carriage control device 17 controls the traveling speed of the traveling carriage 16 so that the welding current 8 has a preset relationship with respect to a reference current value determined based on the wire feeding speed, that is, the reference current value is equal to the welding current 8. At the same wire feed speed, (Ld- + -Ls) is correlated with the presence of the welding current 8, and the running speed of the running carriage 16 is controlled by the running carriage control means 17 in such a manner that the reference current value is equal to the welding current 8, so that (Ld- + -Ls) is kept constant.
The control of the wire length Ld can be achieved by detecting the molten slag bath 7 by the molten slag bath detector 13, which will be described in detail below.
< Structure of molten slag bath Detector >
Next, the structure of the molten slag bath detector 13 will be described in detail. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the molten slag bath detector 13.
As shown in fig. 2, the molten solder slag bath detector 13 includes a detection terminal 18, a differential amplifier 19, a contact determination reference signal setter 20, and a comparator 21. The detection terminal 18 is made of a copper alloy as a conductive metal, and is provided at an upper end portion of the sliding copper platen 30 for welding via an insulating member 48 as will be described later. The detection terminal 18 detects a voltage of a part of the welding voltage when in contact with the molten slag bath 7.
The differential amplifier 19 of the molten metal slag bath detector 13 may have the voltage of the detection terminal 18 and the voltage of the welding sliding copper platen 30, which is the base metal voltage, as inputs, but the welding sliding copper platen 30 may be in contact with the molten metal slag bath 7 and have a potential to ground, so that it is preferable to be grounded as shown in fig. 2, compared with the case where the voltage of the welding sliding copper platen 30 is input.
The differential amplifier 19 receives as input the voltage at the detection terminal 18 and the ground voltage, and outputs the difference between the two voltages. The contact determination reference signal setter 20 outputs, as a reference signal, a voltage of a level that is not erroneously detected by noise, for example, a voltage of a half level of a voltage detected when the detection terminal 18 is in contact with the molten slag bath 7.
The comparator 21 generates a signal for determining that the detection terminal 18 is in contact with the molten slag bath 7 when the output signal of the differential amplifier 19 and the reference signal of the contact determination reference signal setter 20 are input and the output signal of the differential amplifier 19 is larger than the reference signal of the contact determination reference signal setter 20. The generated signal is sent to the flux supply control device 15, and the flux 12 is supplied and stopped by the flux supply device 14. The upper surface of the molten slag bath 7 is controlled so as to be a predetermined length from the tip of the contact tip 5, and the dry extension Ld is maintained at the predetermined length. When the detection terminal 18 is not in contact with the molten slag bath 7, the welding voltage is not applied to the detection terminal 18, and thus the voltage of the detection terminal 18 is 0V.
In addition, in the molten metal slag bath detector 13, when the value of the reference signal of the contact determination reference signal setter 20 is small, there is a possibility that accurate determination cannot be performed due to the state of welding, external noise, or the like. Therefore, in the case of oscillating the welding torch 4, the molten slag bath detector 13 may be provided with a low pass filter between the differential amplifier 19 and the comparator 21 in order to prevent false detection.
< sliding copper platen for welding >
The sliding copper platen 30 for welding is disposed so as to face the groove portion 2 between the pair of base materials 3 as described above to form the molten slag bath 7, and slides along the groove portion 2 with the movement of the traveling carriage 16.
As shown in fig. 3 to 7, the sliding copper platen 30 for welding includes: a platen main body portion 40 formed in a substantially rectangular plate shape; and the detection terminal 18 of the molten solder slag bath detector 13, which is provided in the groove 47 provided in the upper end portion of the platen body 40 via the insulating member 48 so as not to be in electrical contact with the platen body 40, and is capable of detecting the welding voltage of the molten solder slag bath 7.
A pair of contact surfaces 41 that can be brought into contact with the base material 3 are formed on the groove portion side 2 of the platen body portion 40 over the entire longitudinal direction of the platen body portion 40 on both side surfaces in the width direction. The width of the contact surface 41 may be 7mm or less, and preferably 5mm or less.
Further, a recess 43 slightly recessed from the pair of contact surfaces 41 is formed below the surface of the widthwise central portion of the platen body portion 40 on the groove portion 2 side, and a pocket 45 for storing molten slag of the molten slag bath 7 is formed below the detection terminal 18 and above the recess 43, recessed rearward from the recess 43.
The concave portion 43 has a uniform cross-sectional shape in the Z direction, and is formed in a concave curved surface shape so that a weld bead formed in the groove portion 2 between the pair of base materials 3 and solidified slag covering the weld bead surface enter.
The pocket 45 has a flat surface inclined rearward as it goes upward from the upper end edge of the recess 43, and is bent upward and then raised in the Z direction to form a lower end surface of the recess 47 in which the detection terminal 18 and the insulating member 48 are fitted. The pocket 45 has a length in the Z direction corresponding to the depth Ls of the molten slag bath 7.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the molten slag bath 7 is formed in the space surrounded by the surfaces of the grooves of the pair of base materials 3, the backing material 1, and the sliding copper platen 30 for welding, but by providing the pocket 45, it is possible to ensure a constant amount of molten slag in the molten slag bath 7. Therefore, even when the groove cross-sectional area is small and the welding speed is high, the amount of molten slag can be properly maintained, and welding can be stabilized without generating an arc.
The pocket 45 may be formed of an inclined surface, a tapered inclined surface, a concave recess, or an L-shaped or spherical structure that is L-shaped or curved when the platen body 40 is viewed from the side. That is, the pocket 45 may be a space or a recess for storing the molten slag bath 7, or may be a cylindrical hole. The width of the pocket 45 may be substantially equal to the width of the detection terminal 18 or may be larger than the width of the detection terminal, and may be determined in consideration of the ease of processing and the ease of detection. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the width of the pocket 45 is formed wider than the width of the detection terminal 18.
In the present embodiment, the side surface 45a of the pocket 45 is a flat surface rising in the Z direction, but may be an inclined surface extending outward in the width direction toward the upper side, so that the visibility of the molten slag bath 7 and the like from the upper side can be improved.
The volume of the pocket 45, that is, the volume of the region (mesh portion in fig. 5) defined by the horizontal plane H1 of the lower end edge, the horizontal plane H2 of the upper end edge, and the vertical plane V1 connecting the widthwise end edges of the pocket 45 as shown in fig. 5 is preferably 2500mm 3 The above.
The volume of the bag portion 45 was 2500mm 3 The reason for this is that the cross-sectional area of a typical bevel to which electroslag welding is applied is 200 to 1500mm 2 The depth of the molten slag bath was 25mm, so that the amount of molten slag in welding was about 5000mm 3 -37500mm 3 Thus by 2500mm 3 Can supplement about 50% of the amount of molten slag at the minimum groove cross-sectional area.
By adding about 50% or more of the amount of molten slag when the minimum groove cross-sectional area is added, the molten slag bath 7 is stably maintained, and welding can be made more stable. As a result, excellent welding workability was obtained, a good bead appearance was obtained, and the occurrence of the spattering phenomenon was also slight. Therefore, the volume of the pocket 45 is preferably 2500mm 3 The above.
The upper limit of the volume of the pocket 45 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 12000mm in practice from the viewpoint of avoiding unnecessary increase in the consumption amount of flux, limitation of the size of the copper plate, and the like 3 The following is given.
A stepped surface 46 is formed between the contact surface 41 and the widthwise opening edge of the pocket 45. The contact surface 41 and the step surface 46 are provided in a range from the side of the recess 43 to the side of the pocket 45, which is the surface on which the solidified slag 11 contacts.
The step surface 46 makes it difficult for the molten slag having a viscosity to enter the gap between the step surface 46 and the surface of the base material 3. Further, since the surface pressure is high at the contact surface 41, the slag that has entered the gap between the step surface 46 and the surface of the base material 3 is liable to break, and leakage from the contact surface 41 side is difficult by maintaining the adhesion between the contact surface 41 and the surface of the base material 3.
In the present embodiment, the step surface 46 has a first step surface 46a formed with a uniform width over the entire longitudinal direction of the platen body 40 adjacent to the contact surface 41, and a second step surface 46b formed from the width-direction opening edge of the recess 43 and the width-direction opening edge of the pocket 45 to the first step surface 46 a. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the step surface 46 is constituted by two steps of the first step surface 46a and the second step surface 46b, but may be a first step or 3 steps or more.
The step surface 46 is a flat surface rising in the Z direction, but may be a slope, a curved surface, or a concave surface, and in reality, a flat surface or a curved surface according to the ease of processing.
The detection terminal 18 of the molten metal bath detector 13 is provided at the upper end portion of the platen body 40, and is fitted into a groove 47 having a square cross section and a U shape penetrating in the thickness direction via an insulating member 48.
A support plate 49 is bolted to the rear surface of the platen body 40 on the opposite side of the detection terminal 18 from the groove portion 2 so as to close the groove 47, and the support plate 49 is in contact with the platen body 40. On the other hand, the detection terminal 18 is screwed and fixed by the screw member 60 so as to be insulated from the support plate 49.
An insulating member 48 is provided between the detection terminal 18 and the platen body 40 in a range of a lower surface and a side surface of the recess 47. An insulating thin plate 48a of the insulating member 48 is interposed between the detection terminal 18 and the support plate 49.
In order to cool the detection terminal 18, the insulating member 48 is preferably made of a material having thermal conductivity, for example, ceramic. The insulating member 48 is preferably made of heat-resistant ceramic, and has a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm.
The thickness of the detection terminal 18 is preferably equal to or less than the thickness of the platen body 40. This ensures good maintainability, and suppresses interference with the oscillating welding torch 4, interference with the base material 3, and the like.
The front surface of the detection terminal 18 is preferably located at the same position as the upper edge of the pocket 45 or at a position rearward of the upper edge of the pocket 45 in the X direction. Thus, since the pocket 45 is opened not only on the groove 2 side but also in the upper side, the detection terminal 18 can improve the visibility from the upper side of the molten slag bath 7 and the like in the pocket 45.
The lower limit of the thickness of the detection terminal 18 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 4mm or more, and more preferably 5mm or more.
Further, the detection terminal 18 has an inclined surface 18a on the front surface that is inclined rearward as it goes upward, so that the visibility of the molten slag bath 7 and the like from above can be improved.
As shown in fig. 7, a pair of pocket holes 51 are formed in the platen body 40 in parallel with each other in the Z direction from the lower end portion on both sides in the width direction. The open end of the pocket 51 is closed by a stopper not shown.
The lower portions of the respective bag holes 51 communicate with each other through communication holes 52 extending in the width direction, and the open ends thereof are also closed by plugs, not shown. A pair of through holes 53 communicating with the pocket holes 51 are formed from the rear surface of the platen body 40 at the upper portion of each pocket hole 51, and a water cooling pipe 70 (see fig. 3) is connected to the pair of through holes 53. Thus, the inside of the platen body 40 is provided with the U-shaped water cooling path 54 having both end portions located laterally in the width direction of the detection terminal 18.
Therefore, the detection terminal 18 is indirectly cooled by the water-cooled platen body 40 via the insulating member 48 having thermal conductivity, so that the heat radiation performance of the detection terminal 18 is improved, the temperature of the detection terminal 18 is prevented from rising, and the influence of the heat received from the molten slag bath 7 can be suppressed.
In addition, the lower side of the platen body 40 is water-cooled by the water cooling passage 54, whereby slag is formed earlier, the weld bead shape becomes more excellent, and the effect of preventing the slag from being sintered can be improved.
As shown in fig. 5 and 7, a mounting groove 55 for mounting a joint 80 extending from the traveling carriage 16 is formed in the rear surface of the platen body 40. Thereby, the sliding copper platen 30 for welding moves together with the traveling carriage 16 via the joint 80.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately modified, changed, improved, and the like.
Examples (example)
Here, the above-described sliding copper platen for welding according to the present embodiment and a copper platen having no pocket portion with respect to the sliding copper platen for welding according to the present embodiment were used to perform electroslag welding on 3 kinds of base materials having different sizes. Table 1 shows the test conditions and the evaluation after welding.
TABLE 1
Specifically, in example 1 and comparative example 2, a sliding copper platen for welding without a pocket was used, and the volume of the pocket was set to 1500mm 3 The sliding copper platen for welding was used to weld a pair of base materials set to a plate thickness of 16mm, a gap (gap) of 7mm, and a bevel angle of 45 °.
In comparative example 1 and examples 2 to 4, a sliding copper platen for welding without a pocket portion was used and the volume of the pocket portion was set to 3000mm 3 、5200mm 3 、6300mm 3 The sliding copper platen for welding was used to weld a pair of base materials set to a plate thickness of 16mm, a gap of 6mm, and a bevel angle of 45 °.
In example 5, a bag having a volume of 3000mm was used 3 The sliding copper platen for welding was used to weld a pair of base materials set to a plate thickness of 25mm, a gap of 6mm, and a bevel angle of 35 °.
Table 1 shows the welding speed, current, and voltage in the electroslag welding of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2.
In this example, three of welding workability, bead appearance, and stability of a slag bath were used, and examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were evaluated. Regarding welding workability, the result that the arc cannot be recovered after the occurrence of the arc and the welding cannot be performed was represented by x, the result that the arc occurrence frequency was increased to one or more times per 600mm of welding length was represented by Δ, and the result that stable welding was performed without arc occurrence was represented by o.
Regarding the bead appearance, the result of unstable bead and impossible welding was taken as x, the result of uneven bead width to a variation of bead width of 2mm or more in a welding length of 600mm, but practical application resistance was taken as o, and the result of uniform bead width to a variation of bead width of 2mm or less in a welding length of 600mm was taken as c.
Regarding the stability of the slag bath, the result of the spatter image of the spatter continuing and failing to weld was regarded as x, the result of the frequent spatter image generated 5 times or more in the 600mm welding length but capable of welding was regarded as o, and the result of the spatter image generated slightly in the 600mm welding length of 5 times or less was regarded as o.
All 3 evaluations were performed with the welding start portion removed.
As a result, as shown in comparative examples 1 and 2, when a sliding copper platen for welding having no pocket portion was used, arcing occurred frequently, and good welding workability could not be obtained. On the other hand, as shown in examples 1 to 5, it was found that providing the bag portion in the sliding copper platen for welding prevents arcing even when the welding speed was 50mm/min or more, and good welding workability was obtained. In addition, it was found that by setting the volume of the bag portion to 2500mm 3 As described above, the bead width is further uniform, a good bead appearance is obtained, and the occurrence of the spatter phenomenon is also slight, so that a stable molten slag bath is obtained.
As described above, the following matters are disclosed in the present specification.
(1) A sliding copper platen for welding, which is disposed opposite to a bevel portion between a pair of base materials to form a molten slag bath and slides along the bevel portion,
the sliding copper platen for welding comprises:
a platen main body portion; and
a detection terminal of a molten solder slag bath detector, which is arranged at the upper end part of the pressing plate main body part in a non-electric contact manner, can detect the welding voltage of the molten solder slag bath,
a pocket portion for storing the molten slag of the molten slag bath is formed on a surface of the pressing plate body portion on the groove portion side, the pocket portion being recessed toward a side opposite to the groove portion from a surface on which the solidified slag is brought into contact, below the detection terminal.
According to this configuration, the pocket portion for storing the molten slag of the molten slag bath is formed in the platen body portion, so that the welding can be stably performed without generating an arc even if the welding speed is increased.
(2) The sliding copper platen for welding according to (1), wherein,
the volume of the bag part is 2500mm 3 The above.
According to this structure, a stable molten slag bath can be obtained, a good bead appearance can be obtained, and the occurrence of a splash phenomenon is reduced.
(3) The sliding copper platen for welding according to (1) or (2), wherein,
a pair of contact surfaces capable of contacting the base material and a step surface formed between the contact surfaces and a widthwise opening edge of the pocket are formed on both surfaces of the pressing plate body on the groove side,
the contact surface and the step surface are provided in a range from a side of a surface to which the solidified slag is brought into contact to a side of the pocket portion.
According to this structure, the slag is made difficult to enter the gap between the step surface and the surface of the base material, and leakage of the slag from the contact surface side can be suppressed.
(4) The sliding copper platen for welding according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein,
a support plate contacting the pressing plate main body is mounted on the opposite side of the detection terminal from the groove portion,
an insulating thin plate is interposed between the detection terminal and the support plate.
According to this configuration, the insulation between the detection terminal and the support plate can be ensured by using the insulating thin plate.
(5) The sliding copper platen for welding according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein,
an insulating member is provided between the detection terminal and the platen body.
According to this configuration, the insulating member can be used to ensure the insulation between the platen body and the detection terminal.
(6) The sliding copper platen for welding according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein,
the thickness of the detection terminal is equal to or less than the thickness of the pressing plate main body.
With this configuration, good maintainability can be ensured, and interference with the oscillating welding torch, interference with the base material, and the like can be suppressed.
(7) The sliding copper platen for welding according to (6), wherein,
the bag part is opened at the groove part side and the upper part,
the front surfaces of the detection terminals are located at the same position as the upper edge of the pocket or at a position opposite to the bevel with respect to the upper edge of the pocket in the plate thickness direction of the pair of base materials.
With this configuration, the visibility of the molten slag bath and the like from above can be improved.
(8) The sliding copper platen for welding according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein,
the inside of the platen main body part is provided with a U-shaped water cooling path with two ends positioned at the lateral sides of the width direction of the detection terminal.
According to this configuration, the platen body can be cooled by the water cooling path, and the influence of heat acting on the detection terminal can be suppressed, and the formation of slag can be promoted.
(9) A method of welding, wherein,
the welding method comprises the following steps:
disposing the sliding copper platen for welding according to any one of (1) to (8) toward a groove portion between a pair of base materials;
flux is poured into the groove part and welding wire is supplied from the front end of the contact tip; and
and a welding unit configured to perform welding by moving the contact tip along the groove portion and by sliding the welding slide copper platen along the groove portion.
According to this configuration, by using the copper platen for welding in which the pocket portion for storing the molten slag of the molten slag bath is formed in the platen main body portion, the welding can be stably performed without generating an arc even if the welding speed is increased.

Claims (9)

1. A sliding copper platen for welding, which is disposed opposite to a bevel portion between a pair of base materials to form a molten slag bath and slides along the bevel portion,
the sliding copper platen for welding comprises:
a platen main body portion; and
a detection terminal of a molten solder slag bath detector, which is arranged at the upper end part of the pressing plate main body part in a non-electric contact manner, can detect the welding voltage of the molten solder slag bath,
a pocket portion for storing the molten slag of the molten slag bath is formed on a surface of the pressing plate body portion on the groove portion side, the pocket portion being recessed toward a side opposite to the groove portion from a surface on which the solidified slag is brought into contact, below the detection terminal.
2. The sliding copper platen for welding according to claim 1, wherein,
the volume of the bag part is 2500mm 3 The above.
3. The sliding copper platen for welding according to claim 1, wherein,
a pair of contact surfaces capable of contacting the base material and a step surface formed between the contact surfaces and a widthwise opening edge of the pocket are formed on both surfaces of the pressing plate body on the groove side,
the contact surface and the step surface are provided in a range from a side of a surface to which the solidified slag is brought into contact to a side of the pocket portion.
4. The sliding copper platen for welding according to claim 1, wherein,
a support plate contacting the pressing plate main body is mounted on the opposite side of the detection terminal from the groove portion,
an insulating thin plate is interposed between the detection terminal and the support plate.
5. The sliding copper platen for welding according to claim 1, wherein,
an insulating member is provided between the detection terminal and the platen body.
6. The sliding copper platen for welding according to claim 1, wherein,
the thickness of the detection terminal is equal to or less than the thickness of the pressing plate main body.
7. The sliding copper platen for welding according to claim 6, wherein,
the bag part is opened at the groove part side and the upper part,
the front surfaces of the detection terminals are located at the same position as the upper edge of the pocket or at a position opposite to the bevel with respect to the upper edge of the pocket in the plate thickness direction of the pair of base materials.
8. The sliding copper platen for welding according to claim 1, wherein,
the inside of the platen main body part is provided with a U-shaped water cooling path with two ends positioned at the lateral sides of the width direction of the detection terminal.
9. A method of welding, wherein,
the welding method comprises the following steps:
disposing the sliding copper platen for welding according to any one of claims 1 to 8 toward a bevel portion between a pair of base materials;
flux is poured into the groove part and welding wire is supplied from the front end of the contact tip; and
and a welding unit configured to perform welding by moving the contact tip along the groove portion and by sliding the welding slide copper platen along the groove portion.
CN202310664556.XA 2022-07-04 2023-06-06 Sliding copper pressing plate for welding and welding method Pending CN117340423A (en)

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JP2022107711A JP2024006631A (en) 2022-07-04 2022-07-04 Slidable copper backing metal for welding and welding method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10193144A (en) 1996-12-27 1998-07-28 Nippon Steel Corp Method and device for automatically feeding flux in non-consumable nozzle type electroslag welding

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