CN117340211A - Low-melting-point composite molten salt covering slag and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Low-melting-point composite molten salt covering slag and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117340211A CN117340211A CN202311642903.5A CN202311642903A CN117340211A CN 117340211 A CN117340211 A CN 117340211A CN 202311642903 A CN202311642903 A CN 202311642903A CN 117340211 A CN117340211 A CN 117340211A
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 37
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;tricarbonate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O PPQREHKVAOVYBT-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 20
- IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanal Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C=O IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229940118662 aluminum carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 silicon ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- NVIVJPRCKQTWLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt nickel Chemical compound [Co][Ni][Co] NVIVJPRCKQTWLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of composite molten salt covering slag, in particular to the field of low-melting-point composite molten salt covering slag and a preparation process thereof. The weight percentages of the components are as follows: inorganic nonmetallic: 32-55wt% of silicate: 10-50wt%; fluoride: 5-15wt%; alkali metal oxide: 10-20wt%. By adding silicate, fluoride, alkali metal oxide and carbonate into the inorganic nonmetallic molten salt system, the invention ensures that the protective slag has good thermal stability and low viscosity, reduces the melting point of the protective slag system, can improve the chemical stability and fluidity of the protective slag, reduces the flow resistance of the protective slag, and can improve the ductility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite molten salt covering slag, in particular to low-melting-point composite molten salt covering slag and a preparation process thereof.
Background
In modern ferrous metallurgy, the product of the steelmaking process is a cast billet. There are many factors affecting the quality of the cast slab, and besides raw materials, there is a certain relationship with the quality of molten steel in the casting and solidification processes. Most processes adopt clean molten steel to cast in the open air, and in the casting process, the molten steel and impurities in the air generate new physical and chemical changes, so that the quality of the molten steel is influenced, and the quality of a cast blank is further influenced. In order to obtain a casting blank with good quality, related measures are required to be taken before casting, and the appearance of the casting powder greatly improves the casting environment of molten steel.
At present, the continuous casting of China is added with the casting powder, so that the casting powder is added frequently, less and uniformly, and the interval time for adding the casting powder each time is not too long. When casting medium carbon steel and other crack sensitive section steel using mold flux with a solidification temperature higher than 1100 ℃, attention is paid to the addition of the mold flux. When the casting speed is low, the heat supplied from the molten steel is low, and the surface layer of the mold flux may be prematurely coagulated, and at this time, it is necessary to use a mold flux having a low melting point in order to provide more effective adiabatic protection. In view of the above, we propose a low melting point composite molten salt mold flux and a preparation process thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide low-melting-point composite molten salt covering slag and a preparation process thereof, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the low-melting-point composite molten salt covering slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
inorganic nonmetallic: 32-55wt%;
silicate: 10-50wt%;
fluoride: 5-15wt%;
alkali metal oxide: 10-20wt%.
Preferably, the inorganic nonmetal is a compound of calcium chloride and magnesium oxide and carbonate, and the ratio of the calcium chloride to the magnesium oxide to the carbonate is 6-25:1. The calcium chloride and the magnesium oxide can form a molten state under the high-temperature condition, have good fluidity and lubricity, and the casting powder can effectively reduce the friction between the embryo shell and the wall of the crystallizer, reduce the embryo pulling resistance and reduce the energy consumption in the continuous casting process; the calcium chloride and the magnesium oxide can adsorb gas and oxide, so that the gas content and oxide inclusion in molten steel are reduced, and the purity of the molten steel is improved; the calcium chloride and the magnesium oxide can react with oxides in molten steel to generate a compact oxide film, and the oxide film can protect embryo shells, prevent secondary oxidation and improve the quality of continuous casting embryos; meanwhile, calcium chloride and magnesium oxide can form volatile compounds with impurities in molten steel, so that molten steel can be purified, and the quality of casting blanks is improved.
Preferably, the silicate is any one of quartz, sodium silicate and forsterite. Wherein, the addition of silicate can improve the chemical stability of the protective slag, lower the melting point and improve the fluidity and the protective performance. The silicate has a structure that silicon ions are not directly connected with each other, and are connected through oxygen ions, so that a silicon oxygen tetrahedron structure is formed, wherein part of silicon ions are easily replaced by other metal ions, so that a new oxide structure is formed, the melting point of the mixture is reduced, and the other part of silicon oxygen tetrahedrons can form covalent bonds with other metal ions, so that the strength of a network chain formed by the silicon oxygen tetrahedrons is enhanced.
Preferably, the alkali metal oxide is any one of lithium oxide, sodium oxide, and potassium oxide. The alkali metal oxide can lower the melting point of the slag system, enhance the fluidity of the mold flux and improve the wettability. The added sodium oxide can promote the formation of low melting point minerals and low temperature co-melts, thereby lowering the melting point. Thus, sodium oxide is selected as an additive to alkali metal oxides in the present invention.
Preferably, the carbonate is any one of aluminum carbonate, calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate. The carbonate can be used as an additional auxiliary agent to further reduce the melting point temperature of the mold flux. The melting point of the aluminum carbonate is lower, the melting point of the mold flux can be reduced by adding the aluminum carbonate into the mold flux, the aluminum carbonate still has certain stability at high temperature, the corrosion of molten steel to the mold flux can be reduced, the aluminum carbonate also has certain deoxidizing and desulfurizing capabilities, and the oxygen and sulfur content in the molten steel can be reduced, so that the quality of the steel is improved. Thus, the present invention selects aluminum carbonate as an additive to the carbonate.
Preferably, the fluoride is potassium fluoroaluminate powder, which is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 4-9 parts of aluminum fluoride; 3-11 parts by weight of potassium fluoride; 2-5 parts of hydrofluoric acid.
Preferably, the preparation method of the low-melting-point composite molten salt covering slag comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing aluminum fluoride and potassium fluoride, adding hydrofluoric acid to adjust pH, reacting to generate precipitate, filtering, cleaning, vacuum drying, taking out, grinding and sieving;
s2: quartz: quartz sand was used as a raw material, sodium oxide: using albite as a raw material, calculating the consumption of each raw material according to the component percentage content of the low-melting-point composite molten salt covering slag, and weighing each raw material according to the calculated consumption;
s3: uniformly mixing materials except fluoride in the step S2, heating in a high-temperature furnace to melt the materials, and adding the screened powder in the step S1 and carbon powder with a certain content after the materials are melted;
s4: mixing and stirring by using mechanical stirring equipment to ensure that all components fully react to form uniform molten slag;
s5: taking out the molten slag from the high-temperature furnace, cooling and crushing to form hollow spray granulation, and obtaining the composite molten salt protecting slag.
Wherein, fluoride ions are released from aluminum fluoride and potassium fluoride in the melting process, and can react with oxide ions in the protective slag to form fluoride and oxide composites, and the fluoride and oxide composites can form a layer of film in the protective slag, so that the viscosity is reduced, the flow resistance of the protective slag is reduced, and the ductility is improved; in addition, fluoride formed by fluoride ions in the potassium fluoaluminate powder can improve the high temperature resistance of the covering slag, and the formed fluoride film can reduce oxidation and corrosion of the metal surface and improve the stability and efficiency of the continuous casting process; the addition of fluoride can further reduce the melting point and viscosity of the mold flux and improve the fluidity and wettability.
Preferably, the pH in the S1 is in the range of 6-8; the vacuum drying temperature is 100-120 ℃.
Preferably, the heating temperature in the high-temperature furnace in the step S3 is 1200-1400 ℃; s4, stirring time of the stirring equipment is 120-240min; the addition amount of carbon powder is 2-4%.
Preferably, the spray granulation in S5 has a particle size of 40-70 mesh.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the low-melting-point composite molten salt covering slag and the preparation process thereof, an inorganic nonmetallic molten salt system is used as a base material, so that the covering slag has good fluidity and lubricity. In addition, the inorganic nonmetallic molten salt system can also reduce the oxygen content in the steel and improve the purity of the steel. Meanwhile, the added alkali metal oxide and carbonate are decomposed under the high-temperature condition, and metal ions can form bonds with one corner of a silicon oxygen tetrahedron in silicate to prevent the silicon oxygen tetrahedron from forming a network chain or breaking the network chain, so that the mobility of the covering slag is improved, and the wettability is improved; the added fluoride is potassium fluoroaluminate powder, so that fluoride ions can be provided for the protective slag, a layer of film is formed by the protective slag, the melting point of a slag system can be reduced, the flow resistance of the protective slag is reduced, and the ductility is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. In the present invention, all the equipment and raw materials are commercially available or commonly used in the industry, and the methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The following examples of the invention were used:
quartz sand and albite were purchased from Qingdao Wanhong mining Co., ltd;
calcium chloride was purchased from Weifang Shengchuan chemical Co., ltd., CAS number 10043-52-4;
magnesium oxide is purchased from Henan Qian Te road chemical products Co., ltd., CAS number 7789-48-2;
the fluorinated aluminum carbonate is purchased from Kai Xin material Co., ltd., jining, CAS number 1339-92-0;
aluminum fluoride is purchased from Baoding Fusai cobalt-nickel New Material Co., ltd., CAS number 7784-18-1;
potassium fluoride was purchased from Henan Yu He Chemicals Co., ltd., CAS number 7789-23-3;
hydrofluoric acid is purchased from Shandong, bright chemical technology Co., ltd., CAS number 7664-39-3;
aluminum carbonate purchased from Kai Xin Gao materials Co., ltd., CAS number: 1339-92-0.
Example 1
In this example, the potassium fluoroaluminate powder comprises the following components:
7 parts by weight of aluminum fluoride; 7 parts by weight of potassium fluoride; 5 parts of hydrofluoric acid.
The low-melting-point composite molten salt protecting slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
magnesium oxide: 20wt%;
calcium chloride: 24wt%;
quartz: 24wt%;
potassium fluoroaluminate powder: 10wt%;
sodium oxide: 15wt%;
aluminum carbonate: 3wt%.
The preparation process of the low-melting point composite molten salt covering slag comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing aluminum fluoride and potassium fluoride, adding hydrofluoric acid to adjust pH to be 7, reacting to generate precipitate, filtering and cleaning the precipitate, then vacuum drying at 100 ℃, taking out, grinding and sieving;
s2: quartz: quartz sand was used as a raw material, sodium oxide: using albite as a raw material; calculating the consumption of each raw material according to the mass percentage, and weighing each raw material according to the calculated consumption;
s3: uniformly mixing the materials in the step S2, heating in a high-temperature furnace at 1300 ℃ to melt the materials, and adding 4wt% of carbon powder after melting;
s4: mixing and stirring for 200min by using mechanical stirring equipment to ensure that all components are fully reacted to form uniform molten slag;
s5: taking out the molten slag from the high-temperature furnace, cooling and crushing to form hollow spray granulation with the particle size of 60 meshes, and obtaining the experimental protection slag 1.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the potassium fluoroaluminate powder comprises 7 parts by weight of aluminum fluoride; 7 parts by weight of potassium fluoride; 5 parts of hydrofluoric acid.
The low-melting-point composite molten salt protecting slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
magnesium oxide: 25wt%;
calcium chloride: 24wt%;
quartz: 14wt%;
potassium fluoroaluminate powder: 10wt%;
sodium oxide: 15wt%;
aluminum carbonate: 3wt%.
The preparation process of the low-melting point composite molten salt covering slag comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing aluminum fluoride and potassium fluoride, adding hydrofluoric acid to adjust pH to be 7, reacting to generate precipitate, filtering and cleaning the precipitate, then vacuum drying at 100 ℃, taking out, grinding and sieving;
s2: quartz: quartz sand was used as a raw material, sodium oxide: using albite as a raw material, calculating the dosage of each raw material according to the mass percentage, and weighing each raw material according to the calculated dosage;
s3: uniformly mixing the materials in the step S2, heating in a high-temperature furnace at 1300 ℃ to melt the materials, and adding 4wt% of carbon powder after melting;
s4: mixing and stirring for 200min by using mechanical stirring equipment to ensure that all components are fully reacted to form uniform molten slag;
s5: taking out the molten slag from the high-temperature furnace, cooling and crushing to form hollow spray granulation with the particle size of 60 meshes, and obtaining the experimental protection slag 2.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the potassium fluoroaluminate powder comprises 7 parts by weight of aluminum fluoride; 7 parts by weight of potassium fluoride; 5 parts of hydrofluoric acid.
The low-melting-point composite molten salt protecting slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
magnesium oxide: 12wt%;
calcium chloride: 16wt%;
quartz: 40wt%;
potassium fluoroaluminate powder: 10wt%;
sodium oxide: 15wt%;
aluminum carbonate: 3wt%.
The preparation process of the low-melting point composite molten salt covering slag comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing aluminum fluoride and potassium fluoride, adding hydrofluoric acid to adjust pH to be 7, reacting to generate precipitate, filtering and cleaning the precipitate, then vacuum drying at 100 ℃, taking out, grinding and sieving;
s2: quartz: quartz sand was used as a raw material, sodium oxide: using albite as a raw material, calculating the dosage of each raw material according to the mass percentage, and weighing each raw material according to the calculated dosage;
s3: uniformly mixing the materials in the step S2, heating in a high-temperature furnace at 1300 ℃ to melt the materials, and adding 4wt% of carbon powder after melting;
s4: mixing and stirring for 200min by using mechanical stirring equipment to ensure that all components are fully reacted to form uniform molten slag;
s5: taking out the molten slag from the high-temperature furnace, cooling and crushing to form hollow spray granulation with the particle size of 60 meshes, and obtaining the experimental protection slag 3.
Example 4
In the embodiment, the potassium fluoroaluminate powder comprises 7 parts by weight of aluminum fluoride; 7 parts by weight of potassium fluoride; 5 parts of hydrofluoric acid.
The low-melting-point composite molten salt protecting slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
magnesium oxide: 22wt%;
calcium chloride: 27wt%;
quartz: 24wt%;
potassium fluoroaluminate powder: 5wt%;
sodium oxide: 15wt%;
aluminum carbonate: 3wt%.
The preparation process of the low-melting point composite molten salt covering slag comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing aluminum fluoride and potassium fluoride, adding hydrofluoric acid to adjust pH to be 7, reacting to generate precipitate, filtering and cleaning the precipitate, then vacuum drying at 100 ℃, taking out, grinding and sieving;
s2: quartz: quartz sand was used as a raw material, sodium oxide: using albite as a raw material, calculating the dosage of each raw material according to the mass percentage, and weighing each raw material according to the calculated dosage;
s3: uniformly mixing the materials in the step S2, heating in a high-temperature furnace at 1300 ℃ to melt the materials, and adding 4wt% of carbon powder after melting;
s4: mixing and stirring for 200min by using mechanical stirring equipment to ensure that all components are fully reacted to form uniform molten slag;
s5: taking out the molten slag from the high-temperature furnace, cooling and crushing to form hollow spray granulation with the particle size of 60 meshes, and obtaining the experimental protection slag 4.
Example 5
In the embodiment, the potassium fluoroaluminate powder comprises 10 parts by weight of aluminum fluoride; 8 parts by weight of potassium fluoride; 1 part by weight of hydrofluoric acid.
The low-melting-point composite molten salt protecting slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
magnesium oxide: 20wt%;
calcium chloride: 24wt%;
quartz: 24wt%;
potassium fluoroaluminate powder: 10wt%;
sodium oxide: 15wt%;
aluminum carbonate: 3wt%.
The preparation process of the low-melting point composite molten salt covering slag comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing aluminum fluoride and potassium fluoride, adding hydrofluoric acid to adjust pH to be 7, reacting to generate precipitate, filtering and cleaning the precipitate, then vacuum drying at 100 ℃, taking out, grinding and sieving;
s2: quartz: quartz sand was used as a raw material, sodium oxide: using albite as a raw material, calculating the dosage of each raw material according to the mass percentage, and weighing each raw material according to the calculated dosage;
s3: uniformly mixing the materials in the step S2, heating in a high-temperature furnace at 1300 ℃ to melt the materials, and adding 4wt% of carbon powder after melting;
s4: mixing and stirring for 200min by using mechanical stirring equipment to ensure that all components are fully reacted to form uniform molten slag;
s5: taking out the molten slag from the high-temperature furnace, cooling and crushing to form hollow spray granulation with the particle size of 60 meshes, and obtaining the experimental protection slag 5.
Example 6
In the embodiment, the potassium fluoroaluminate powder comprises 7 parts by weight of aluminum fluoride; 7 parts by weight of potassium fluoride; 5 parts of hydrofluoric acid.
The low-melting-point composite molten salt protecting slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
magnesium oxide: 18wt%;
calcium chloride: 21wt%;
quartz: 24wt%;
potassium fluoroaluminate powder: 10wt%;
sodium oxide: 15wt%;
aluminum carbonate: 8wt%.
The preparation process of the low-melting point composite molten salt covering slag comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing aluminum fluoride and potassium fluoride, adding hydrofluoric acid to adjust pH to be 7, reacting to generate precipitate, filtering and cleaning the precipitate, then vacuum drying at 100 ℃, taking out, grinding and sieving;
s2: quartz: quartz sand was used as a raw material, sodium oxide: using albite as a raw material, calculating the dosage of each raw material according to the mass percentage, and weighing each raw material according to the calculated dosage;
s3: uniformly mixing the materials in the step S2, heating in a high-temperature furnace at 1300 ℃ to melt the materials, and adding 4wt% of carbon powder after melting;
s4: mixing and stirring for 200min by using mechanical stirring equipment to ensure that all components are fully reacted to form uniform molten slag;
s5: taking out the molten slag from the high-temperature furnace, cooling and crushing to form hollow spray granulation with the particle size of 60 meshes, and obtaining the experimental protection slag 6.
Comparative example 1
The same formulation and preparation process as in example 1 were employed, except that quartz was removed, and experimental mold flux 7 was obtained.
Comparative example 2
The same formulation and preparation process as in example 1 were employed, except that aluminum fluoride was removed, and experimental mold flux 8 was obtained.
Comparative example 3
The same formulation and preparation process as in example 1 were employed, except that potassium fluoroaluminate powder was removed to obtain experimental mold flux 9.
Comparative example 4
The same formulation and preparation process as in example 1 were employed, except that aluminum carbonate was removed, and experimental mold flux 10 was obtained.
The obtained experimental mold flux 1-10 was measured for melting points of different samples by hemispherical spot method, and ductility of the mold flux was measured, and the results are shown in the following table:
| melting point (. Degree. C.) | Extension area (cm) 2 ) | |
| Experimental mold flux 1 | 769 | 10.98 |
| Experimental mold flux 2 | 753 | 10.12 |
| Experimental mold flux 3 | 785 | 10.23 |
| Experimental mold flux 4 | 790 | 10.01 |
| Experimental mold flux 5 | 797 | 9.89 |
| Experimental mold flux 6 | 788 | 9.97 |
| Experimental mold flux 7 | 793 | 7.23 |
| Experimental mold flux 8 | 790 | 7.01 |
| Experimental mold flux 9 | 821 | 7.20 |
| Experimental mold flux 10 | 805 | 7.16 |
Comparing the experimental mold flux 1, 2, 3 and 7, it can be found that when the silicate addition amount is too low or too high, the melting point and the ductility of the composite molten salt mold flux are affected to a certain extent; as can be seen from comparison of the experimental mold flux 1, 4 and 9, the addition of fluoride has a certain effect on the melting point of the composite molten salt mold flux, and also has a certain effect on the extension area of the mold flux, and when the fluoride is lacking, the extension area of the mold flux is greatly reduced; as can be seen from comparison of the experimental mold flux 1, 5 and 9, the specific selection of the fluoride component enables the melting point of the composite molten salt mold flux to be lowered and the ductility of the mold flux to be enhanced; it can be found by comparing the experimental mold fluxes 1, 6 and 10 that the addition of carbonate has a corresponding effect on the melting point of the mold flux. Accordingly, silicate, fluoride, and carbonate may be added to the composite molten salt mold flux to lower the melting point of the mold flux and improve the ductility of the mold flux. And the melting point of the protective slag can be effectively reduced and the ductility of the protective slag can be improved by specific selection of the fluoride.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that the above-described embodiments and descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a low-melting point composite molten salt covering slag which characterized in that: the weight percentages of the components are as follows:
inorganic nonmetallic: 32-55wt%;
silicate: 10-50wt%;
fluoride: 5-15wt%;
alkali metal oxide: 10-20wt%.
2. The low melting point composite molten salt mold flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inorganic nonmetal is the compounding of calcium chloride and magnesium oxide with carbonate, and the ratio of the calcium chloride to the magnesium oxide to the carbonate is 6-25:1.
3. The low melting point composite molten salt mold flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: the silicate is any one of quartz, sodium silicate and forsterite.
4. The low melting point composite molten salt mold flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: the alkali metal oxide is any one of lithium oxide, sodium oxide and potassium oxide.
5. The low melting point composite molten salt mold flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: the carbonate is any one of aluminum carbonate, calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate.
6. The low melting point composite molten salt mold flux according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fluoride is potassium fluoroaluminate powder, which is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 4-9 parts of aluminum fluoride; 3-11 parts by weight of potassium fluoride; 2-5 parts of hydrofluoric acid.
7. The low-melting point composite molten salt mold flux according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the preparation method of the low-melting-point composite molten salt covering slag comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing aluminum fluoride and potassium fluoride, adding hydrofluoric acid to adjust pH, reacting to generate precipitate, filtering, cleaning, vacuum drying, taking out, grinding and sieving;
s2: the method for preparing the low-melting-point composite molten salt mold flux according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the amount of each raw material is calculated, and each raw material is weighed according to the calculated amount;
s3: uniformly mixing materials except fluoride in the step S2, heating in a high-temperature furnace to melt the materials, and adding the screened powder in the step S1 and carbon powder with a certain content after the materials are melted;
s4: mixing and stirring by using mechanical stirring equipment to ensure that all components fully react to form uniform molten slag;
s5: taking out the molten slag from the high-temperature furnace, cooling and crushing to form hollow spray granulation, and obtaining the composite molten salt protecting slag.
8. The process for preparing the low-melting point composite molten salt mold flux according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the pH range in the S1 is 6-8; the vacuum drying temperature is 100-120 ℃.
9. The process for preparing the low-melting point composite molten salt mold flux according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the heating temperature in the high-temperature furnace in the step S3 is 1200-1400 ℃; s4, stirring time of the stirring equipment is 120-240min; the addition amount of carbon powder is 2-4%.
10. The process for preparing the low-melting point composite molten salt mold flux according to claim 7, which is characterized in that: the particle size of the spray granulation in S5 is 40-70 meshes.
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