CN109454210B - Double-layer tundish covering agent for ultrathin belt - Google Patents
Double-layer tundish covering agent for ultrathin belt Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides an ultra-thin area is with double-deck middle cladding covering agent, relates to metallurgical technology field, and upper and lower two-layer covering agent is the hollow particle product of spray granulation, and the chemical composition of upper covering agent is: 45.0 to 55.0wt% of CaO and SiO218.0~24.0wt%、MgO 14.0~18.0 wt%、Al2O3≤1.9wt%、CFixing device7.5-11.5 wt% and inevitable balance impurities, the melting point is larger than 1450 ℃; the chemical components of the lower covering agent are as follows: 25.0 to 31.0wt% of CaO and SiO227.0~37.0wt%、MgO 13.0~18.0 wt%、Al2O3≤1.9wt%、（Li2O+Na2O）13.0~17.0 wt%、CFixing deviceNot more than 0.5 wt% and inevitable impurities in balance, wherein the melting point is 1150-1250 ℃; the product features light specific weight, very few upper and lower carbon-containing layers, no carburetion and thermal insulation, and upper and lower Al layers2O3The high-melting-point carbon-containing alloy has low content, fully absorbs impurities, has high upper-layer melting point, is insulated from air, has low lower-layer melting point, can be quickly melted, and prevents the upper carbon-containing layer from being in contact with molten steel to be recarburized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a double-layer tundish covering agent for an ultrathin belt and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ultra-thin strip production technology is a new metallurgical leading-edge technology with the most development potential in the current steel industry, and is a new process which is short in flow, low in energy consumption, low in investment, low in cost and environment-friendly and is developed by various large steel enterprises in the world in a dispute and investment competitive mode.
The production process flow of the ultra-thin strip is as follows: molten steel passes through a ladle → a tundish → a transition section → a water gap → a casting roll → a controlled atmosphere → a pinch roll → a hot rolling stand → a pull roll → shearing → coiling. The distance from the tundish to the coiler is only 60 meters, corresponding to one tenth of that of a slab caster. The steel grade produced by the ultrathin strip steel is mainly low-carbon steel, the steel casting time is about 80 minutes, and the casting speed is 60-70 m/min. The invention provides a double-layer tundish covering agent for the ultra-thin belt.
With the increasing demands on the purity of the steel, the metallurgist has no longer regarded the tundish as a simple refractory transition vessel between the ladle and the mould, but has used it as a refining vessel and has developed its metallurgical function continuously, where the addition of a covering agent on the surface of the tundish steel is one of the most effective techniques for tundish metallurgy. The covering agent for the tundish of the ultra-thin strip mainly has the functions of (1) insulating heat and reducing the temperature drop of molten steel; (2) air is isolated, and secondary oxidation of molten steel is prevented; (3) adsorbing non-metallic inclusions floating to a steel slag interface, and purifying molten steel; (4) preventing the recarburization of molten steel, etc.
At present, tundish covering agent products mainly belong to four categories, one is acidic tundish covering agent, represented by carbonized rice husks, which has good heat preservation effect and contains SiO2Oxides such as MnO, FeO and the like have great influence on the quality of molten steel, poor secondary oxidation resistance and large operation dust; second, the neutral tundish covering agent is made of CaO-Al203-Si02The class is representative, the cost is low, and the interference to the quality of molten steel is large; thirdly, the alkaline tundish covering agent takes MgO raw materials as base materials, has better protection to a coating due to the similar property with a magnesium coating of a tundish, has better performance in aspects of deoxidation, desulfurization, adsorption and inclusion and the like, has wider application, but is easy to crust and is not beneficial to tundish operation; fourthly, the double-layer slag tundish covering agent has better comprehensive performance.
Prior to the present invention, although numerous patents have been published on tundish covering agents, they have not been applied to ultra-thin strip tundish applications.
The invention patent of 'double-layer type alkaline particle tundish covering agent' with the patent number ZL 01132125.3 provides a double-layer type alkaline particle tundish heat-preservation covering agent, but fails to provide the covering agent for preserving heat and adsorbing Al2O3The quantitative data of non-metallic inclusions, prevention or reduction of the amount of carbon added to the molten steel and the like are not applied to the production of ultra-thin strips.
The invention discloses an application method of a double-layer continuous casting tundish covering agent with the publication number of CN101347823, and provides an application method of the double-layer continuous casting tundish covering agent, wherein the average carburetion amount of interstitial-free molten steel in the whole casting process is 5 x 10 < -4 >, and the total oxygen content in the molten steel is below 30 x 10 < -4 >, but the heat preservation effect and Al adsorption of the covering agent cannot be provided2O3Quantitative data on nonmetallic inclusion are not applied to the production of the ultra-thin strip.
Publication No. 104858382B "A tundish covering agent and its use", the tundish covering agent contains (Na)2O+Li2O): 8.3%, the covering agent contained Na2O and Li2O, but the covering agent was a single layer, was not granulated in a hollow state, and was not carburized, and TiO was added2，B2O3Etc., are limited to use on Ti-containing steel grades.
Publication No. 103111592B, "tundish covering agent", discloses a tundish covering agent. The tundish covering agent comprises: a lower covering agent which is positioned on the molten steel and contacts the molten steel; the middle layer covering agent is positioned on the lower layer covering agent and comprises magnesia-based hollow particles; and the upper layer covering agent is positioned on the middle layer covering agent. The covering agent is divided into three layers, the actual production is too complicated, the upper layer and the lower layer are not hollow particles, and the temperature drop of the molten steel is not quantified.
The patent CN101486587B 'double-layer tundish covering agent' invents the double-layer tundish covering agent capable of preventing slag surface from crusting, but the particles are not hollow particles and have poor air insulation and heat preservation effects, and in addition, Al2O3The high content is disadvantageous for absorbing the inclusions.
In conclusion, the single acidic covering agent is unfavorable for adsorbing floating inclusions and seriously erodes the lining; the magnesium covering agent and the alkaline covering agent are easy to crust, and the heat preservation effect is not good; the heat preservation effect of the carbon-free covering agent is poor. Particularly, the steel casting time of each furnace in the production of the ultrathin strip is about 80 minutes, a covering agent is not added on a transition section, and the covering agent of the tundish cannot meet the metallurgical performance required by the tundish of the ultrathin strip.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a double-layer tundish covering agent for an ultrathin belt. The double-layer covering agent is a hollow particle product, has light specific gravity, is isolated from air and insulated, and prevents secondary oxidation; the lower layer contains very little carbon, and the upper layer contains carbon, thus preventing carburetion and preserving heat; upper and lower layer of Al2O3The content is low, and impurities can be fully absorbed; the alkalinity of the upper layer is high, and impurities are effectively adsorbed; the upper layer has high covering melting point and is insulated from airSecondary oxidation is prevented; the lower layer has low melting point, can be melted quickly, prevents the carbon-containing upper layer from being in contact with molten steel for recarburization, contains a fluxing agent and is beneficial to adsorbing impurities; the upper layer and the lower layer both contain certain MgO, so that the tundish lining can be protected.
The method is implemented specifically as follows: a double-layer tundish covering agent for an ultrathin belt is characterized in that an upper covering agent and a lower covering agent are hollow particle products subjected to spray granulation, and the upper covering agent comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 45.0 to 55.0wt% of CaO and SiO218.0~24.0wt%、 MgO 14.0~18.0 wt%、 Al2O3≤1.9wt%、 CFixing device7.5-11.5 wt% and inevitable balance impurities, the melting point is larger than 1450 ℃; the lower covering agent comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: CaO25.0-31.0 wt%, SiO227.0~37.0wt%、 MgO 13.0~18.0 wt%、 Al2O3≤1.9wt%、（Li2O+Na2O）13.0~17.0 wt%、 CFixing deviceNot more than 0.5 wt% and inevitable impurities in balance, and the melting point is 1150-1250 ℃.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: the chemical components and melting points of the upper and lower covering agents of the qualified raw materials entering a factory are designed according to a formula, and the double-layer tundish covering agent for the ultra-thin strip is obtained by batching, pulping, spraying granulation, screening, cooling, detecting and packaging.
The reasonable control of the components of the tundish covering agent refers to that CaO-SiO is selected according to a silicate phase diagram to achieve the aim that the tundish covering agent absorbs nonmetallic inclusions2-Al2O3MgO as basic slag system, in this region, Al2O3Less than or equal to 1.9wt percent and strong impurity absorbing capability. Theory of purifying molten steel:
3（FeO）+2〔Al〕=3〔Fe〕+(Al2O3) △G0=-853700+239.9T
3（SiO2）+4〔Al〕=3〔Si〕+2(Al2O3) △G0=-219400+35.7T
3（CaO）+2〔Al〕+3〔S〕=3〔CaS〕+(Al2O3)
the reasonable selection of the components of the tundish covering agent refers to carbon which mainly has the effects of controlling the melting speed, increasing the heat insulation effect and effectively controlling sintering, but the high carbon content is easy to cause recarburization of molten steel. Therefore, the lower covering agent is made to contain extremely little carbon, and is firstly added when the pouring is started, so as to prevent the recarburization when the lower covering agent is contacted with the molten steel; in order to preserve heat and prevent temperature drop of a tundish during long-time pouring, isolate air and prevent secondary oxidation, effectively control the melting speed of a covering agent and prevent the covering agent from crusting, the upper layer covered by the tundish is designed to contain carbon, the adding amount is controlled to be 7.5-11.5 wt%, and the covering agent is added after the lower layer of the covering agent is added in the pouring process, so that the upper layer is prevented from being directly contacted with molten steel, and the recarburization of the covering agent is prevented.
The reasonable control of the components of the tundish covering agent refers to increasing the CaO content, increasing the alkalinity, reducing the activity coefficient of FeO, facilitating the absorption and inclusion of molten steel due to high alkalinity, and simultaneously inhibiting the resulfurization of the molten steel in the tundish.
The reasonable control of the components of the tundish covering agent means that no fluxing agent is added on the upper layer of the tundish covering agent, the covering agent has high melting point and is difficult to melt at the temperature of over 1450 ℃, an insulating layer is formed, the tundish covering agent has a heat preservation effect, secondary oxidation of molten steel is prevented, and the consumption of the tundish covering agent is reduced.
The reasonable control of the ingredients of the tundish covering agent refers to that the lower layer of the tundish covering agent is rapidly melted to form a molten layer, the upper layer covering agent is prevented from being directly contacted with molten steel, and CaO-SiO is used2-Al2O3MgO as matrix material, further addition of (Li)2O+Na2O) is fluxing agent, and the melting point of the lower layer is 1150-1250 ℃; li2O+Na2The addition of O fluxing agent reduces the melting point and viscosity of the slag and improves Al2O3Saturated solubility of (2) is favorable for absorbing Al2O3And (4) inclusion.
The reasonable control of the components of the tundish covering agent refers to that MgO is added to protect the tundish lining, the compatibility with the magnesium and magnesium-calcium tundish linings is high, and the corrosion to the magnesium tundish lining can be greatly reduced, so that the service life of the tundish is prolonged.
The tundish covering agent is prepared by adopting a spray granulation production mode, the mass percentage of hollow particles with the granularity of 0.15-1.0 mm is more than 85%, and the specific gravity of the particles is 0.65-0.85 g/cm 3. The volume weight of the covering agent is reduced, and the spreadability is improved. The hollow ball particles after spray granulation can form a heat insulating layer, can effectively reduce the outward heat transfer speed of the molten steel, and play a role in heat insulation and heat preservation. The tundish covering agent has good heat insulation performance, can reduce the temperature loss of molten steel, keep constant temperature pouring and reduce slag consumption, and the good heat insulation performance can also reduce the encrusting phenomenon of the covering agent.
One of the advantages of the invention is that the two layers of covering agents are hollow particles, and the bulk density is light; the hollow particles improve spreadability. The hollow ball particles after spray granulation can form a heat insulation layer, can effectively reduce the outward heat transfer speed of the molten steel, and has good heat insulation and preservation effects.
The second advantage of the invention is that the covering agent is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, the carbon content of the lower layer covering agent is very little, the lower layer covering agent of the tundish is firstly added when the pouring is started, and the recarburization is prevented when the lower layer covering agent is contacted with the molten steel; the upper layer covered by the tundish contains free carbon, has the functions of preserving heat and preventing the covering agent from crusting, and prevents the temperature of the tundish from being reduced after long-time pouring.
The invention has the third advantage that the covering agent Al2O3Low content, and is favorable for absorbing Al2O3And (4) inclusion.
The fourth advantage of the invention is that the high alkalinity of the upper covering agent is beneficial to absorbing impurities and preventing resulfurization.
The invention has the fifth advantage that the upper covering agent has high melting point, is difficult to melt, isolates air, keeps warm, prevents secondary oxidation and simultaneously reduces the consumption of the tundish covering agent.
The sixth advantage of the invention is that the lower covering agent is added with Li2O、Na2O and the like, and the covering agent has low melting point, so that a molten layer is formed quickly, the upper carbon-containing layer is prevented from being in direct contact with molten steel, and carburetion is prevented; the addition of the cosolvent is favorable for absorbing Al2O3And (4) inclusion.
The advantages of the invention are that the covering agent contains a certain amount of MgO, the compatibility with magnesium and magnesium-calcium packing is high, the covering agent is prevented from corroding the packing, the tundish lining is protected, and the service life of the tundish is prolonged.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1:
the method comprises the following steps of designing a formula of qualified raw materials entering a factory, blending, pulping, spraying granulation, screening, cooling, detecting and packaging, wherein the physical and chemical indexes of the prepared double-layer tundish covering agent for the ultrathin belt are as follows: TABLE 1
The produced product is used on a tundish of an ultrathin strip steel production line, the steel is low-carbon steel with the carbon content of 0.02-0.05%, the average casting time per furnace is 82 minutes, and the average casting speed is 69 m/min.
When the ladle is cast for about 5 minutes, 90Kg of the lower layer of the tundish covering agent is added, and along with the casting, 120Kg of the upper layer of the tundish covering agent is added, the lower layer is supplemented by the second furnace according to the situation, and 30Kg is supplemented by the upper layer. And thirdly, adding 20Kg of layers in each furnace. And co-casting 4 furnaces of steel.
The results of use: TABLE 2
After the double-layer covering agent is added into the tundish, the spreading performance on the molten steel surface is good. The slag surface does not have the incrustation phenomenon along with the increase of the number of continuous casting furnaces, the slag does not stick to the ladle after the casting is finished, and the refractory material of the tundish does not have obvious erosion. As can be seen from Table 2, the use of the double-layer covering agent has low temperature drop, the recarburization is in a reasonable range, the inclusions meet the requirements of steel grades, and the consumption is low.
Example 2:
the double-layer covering agent for the ultrathin belt is prepared from the qualified raw materials entering a factory through formula design, batching, pulping, spray granulation, screening, cooling, detection and packaging, and has the following physical and chemical indexes: TABLE 3
The produced product is used on a tundish of an ultrathin strip steel production line, the steel is low-carbon steel with the carbon content of 0.02-0.05%, the average casting time per furnace is 78 minutes, and the average casting speed is 67 m/min.
When the ladle is cast for 5 minutes, 90Kg of the lower layer of the tundish covering agent is added, and along with the casting, 20Kg of the lower layer and 30Kg of the upper layer are added in the second furnace along with the addition of 120Kg of the upper layer of the tundish covering agent. After the three furnaces, 20Kg of the upper layer is added in each furnace. And 5, co-casting.
The results of use: TABLE 4
After the double-layer covering agent is added into the tundish, the spreading performance on the molten steel surface is good, the slag surface does not have a crusting phenomenon along with the increase of the number of continuous casting furnaces, the slag does not stick to the tundish after the casting is finished, and the refractory of the tundish does not have obvious erosion. As can be seen from Table 4, the use of the double-layer covering agent has very low temperature drop, the recarburization is in a reasonable range, the inclusions meet the requirements of steel grades, and the consumption is very low.
Example 3:
the double-layer covering agent for the ultrathin belt is prepared from the qualified raw materials entering a factory through formula design, batching, pulping, spray granulation, screening, cooling, detection and packaging, and has the following physical and chemical indexes: TABLE 5
The produced product is used on a tundish of an ultrathin strip steel production line, the average casting time of low-carbon steel with the carbon content of 0.02-0.05 percent in each furnace is 84 minutes, and the average casting speed is 64 m/min.
When the ladle is cast for about 5 minutes, 90Kg of the lower layer of the tundish covering agent is added, and along with the casting, 120Kg of the upper layer of the tundish covering agent is added, the lower layer is supplemented by the second furnace according to the situation, and 30Kg is supplemented by the upper layer. After the three furnaces, 30Kg of layers are added in each furnace. And 6, co-casting.
The results of use: TABLE 6
After the double-layer covering agent is added into the tundish, the spreading performance on the molten steel surface is good. The slag surface does not have the incrustation phenomenon along with the increase of the number of continuous casting furnaces, the slag does not stick to the ladle after the casting is finished, and the refractory material of the tundish does not have obvious erosion. As can be seen from Table 6, the use of the double-layer covering agent has a small temperature drop, the recarburization is within a reasonable range, the inclusions meet the requirements of steel grades, and the consumption is low.
Example 4:
the double-layer covering agent for the ultrathin belt is prepared from the qualified raw materials entering a factory through formula design, batching, pulping, spray granulation, screening, cooling, detection and packaging, and has the following physical and chemical indexes: TABLE 7
The produced product is used on a tundish of an ultrathin strip steel production line, the steel is low-carbon steel with the carbon content of 0.02-0.05%, the average casting time per furnace is 86 minutes, and the average casting speed is 61 m/min.
When the ladle is cast for about 5 minutes, 90Kg of the lower layer of the tundish covering agent is added, along with the addition of 120Kg of the upper layer of the tundish covering agent in the casting process, 20Kg of the lower layer is supplemented by the second furnace according to the situation, 40Kg of the upper layer is supplemented by the upper furnace, and 30Kg of the upper layer covering agent is supplemented by each furnace after the three furnaces. And 6, casting the furnace altogether.
The results of use: TABLE 8
After the double-layer covering agent is added into the tundish, the spreading performance on the molten steel surface is good, the slag surface does not have a crusting phenomenon along with the increase of the number of continuous casting furnaces, the slag does not stick to the tundish after the casting is finished, and the refractory of the tundish does not have obvious erosion. As can be seen from Table 8, the use of the double-layer covering agent has a small temperature drop, the recarburization is within a reasonable range, the inclusions meet the requirements of steel grades, and the consumption is low.
Example 5:
the double-layer covering agent for the ultrathin belt is prepared from the qualified raw materials entering a factory through formula design, batching, pulping, spray granulation, screening, cooling, detection and packaging, and has the following physical and chemical indexes: TABLE 9
The produced product is used on a tundish of an ultrathin strip steel production line, the average casting time of low-carbon steel with the carbon content of 0.02-0.05 percent in each furnace is 86 minutes, and the average casting speed is 62 m/min.
When the ladle is cast for about 5 minutes, 90Kg of the lower layer of the tundish covering agent is added, along with the addition of 130Kg of the upper layer of the tundish covering agent in the casting process, 30Kg of the lower layer is supplemented by the second furnace according to the situation, 30Kg of the upper layer is supplemented by the upper layer, and 30Kg of the upper layer is supplemented by each furnace after the three furnaces. 7 furnaces were co-cast.
The results of use: watch 10
After the double-layer covering agent is added into the tundish, the spreading performance on the molten steel surface is good. The slag surface does not have the incrustation phenomenon along with the increase of the number of continuous casting furnaces, the slag does not stick to the ladle after the casting is finished, and the refractory material of the tundish does not have obvious erosion. As can be seen from Table 10, the use of the two-layer covering agent has a small temperature drop, the recarburization is within a reasonable range, the inclusions meet the requirements of steel grades, and the consumption is low.
Claims (3)
1. A double-layer tundish covering agent for an ultrathin belt is characterized in that an upper covering agent and a lower covering agent are hollow particle products subjected to spray granulation, and the upper covering agent comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 45.0 to 55.0 weight percent of CaO, 218.0 to 24.0 weight percent of SiOx, 14.0 to 18.0 weight percent of MgO, less than or equal to 1.9 weight percent of Al2O3, 7.5 to 11.5 weight percent of C solid and inevitable balance of impurities, wherein the melting point is more than 1450 ℃; the lower covering agent comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 25.0 to 31.0wt% of CaO, 227.0 to 37.0wt% of SiOx, 13.0 to 18.0 wt% of MgO, 1.9wt% or less of Al2O3, (Li 2O + Na 2O) 13.0 to 17.0wt% of C solid or less 0.5 wt% of C solid, and inevitable impurities as the rest, the melting point is 1150 to 1250 ℃;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: the chemical components and melting points of the upper and lower covering agents of the qualified raw materials entering a factory are designed according to a formula, and the double-layer tundish covering agent for the ultra-thin strip is obtained by batching, pulping, spray granulation, screening, cooling, detection and packaging; during the casting process, the covering agent is added to the lower layer and then the upper layer.
2. The double-layer tundish covering agent for the ultrathin strip according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of the hollow particles with the particle size of 0.15-1.0 mm is more than 85%.
3. The double-layer tundish covering agent for the ultrathin strip according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the specific gravity of the particles is 0.65-0.85 g/cm 3.
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