CN117335858A - Multichannel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device and system - Google Patents
Multichannel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device and system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18513—Transmission in a satellite or space-based system
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
- G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
- G04F5/14—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards using atomic clocks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04R—RADIO-CONTROLLED TIME-PIECES
- G04R20/00—Setting the time according to the time information carried or implied by the radio signal
- G04R20/02—Setting the time according to the time information carried or implied by the radio signal the radio signal being sent by a satellite, e.g. GPS
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
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- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
- H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
- H04J3/0644—External master-clock
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multichannel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device and a system, wherein the measuring device comprises: the precise measurement and control unit is used for generating a local second pulse signal, local time information and a high-precision baseband intermediate frequency transmitting signal according to a local clock signal; meanwhile, the device receives the intermediate frequency signal which is outputted by the down-conversion of the second frequency conversion unit to carry out precise measurement receiving processing and working state control; the first frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit are respectively used for carrying out up-conversion frequency conversion on the local oscillation signal and the baseband intermediate frequency transmission signal output by the precision measurement and control unit and outputting a radio frequency transmission signal; the precise temperature control unit is used for providing temperature monitoring, control and compensation for the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit. The invention has the advantages of multi-link high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measurement between the star and the ground, and can support the elimination of the errors such as the atmosphere, the temperature and the like between the star and the ground, thereby establishing the multi-link high-precision microwave time-frequency transmission capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of time-frequency transmission and precise measurement, in particular to a multichannel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device and system.
Background
With the development of novel atomic frequency standard (cold atomic clock, optical clock, etc.) and the application of space atomic clock, a high-precision microwave time-frequency transmission technical means needs to be constructed to support the evaluation of the stability of the novel space atomic clock. However, when a wireless microwave transmission link is established between the satellite and the earth, the wireless microwave transmission link is inevitably affected by errors such as time delay and propagation paths generated by an atmospheric troposphere/ionosphere, and the errors affect the evaluation accuracy of the performance of the space atomic clock. Meanwhile, as the space-borne microwave equipment is generally arranged outside the cabin, the temperature of the space environment where the space-borne microwave equipment is positioned is alternately and severely changed, the receiving and transmitting time delay of the equipment can be greatly delayed to be fluctuated along with the severe change of the temperature of the environment outside the cabin, and the delay fluctuated part caused by the temperature in the original receiving and transmitting measured value is not easy to control and eliminate. Therefore, the method is oriented to high-precision time-frequency transmission and precision measurement application scenes, and the transmission and receiving time delay fluctuation deviation caused by temperature fluctuation needs to be corrected by adopting necessary means such as temperature fitting, error compensation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the influence of atmospheric ionosphere/troposphere and satellite-borne environmental temperature change on high-precision time-frequency transmission and precision measurement in the wireless transmission process of microwave time-frequency signals between the satellites and the ground, the invention designs a multichannel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device and system, which are provided with the multi-link high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measurement between the satellites and the ground, and can support the realization of the elimination of errors such as the atmosphere, the temperature and the like between the satellites and the ground, thereby establishing the multi-link high-precision microwave time-frequency transmission capability.
The invention discloses a multichannel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device, which comprises:
the precise measurement and control unit is used for generating a local second pulse signal, local time information and a high-precision baseband intermediate frequency transmitting signal according to a local clock signal, and outputting the baseband intermediate frequency transmitting signal to the first frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit respectively; meanwhile, the device receives the intermediate frequency signal which is outputted by the down-conversion of the second frequency conversion unit to carry out precise measurement receiving processing and working state control;
the first frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit are respectively used for carrying out up-conversion frequency conversion on the local oscillation signal and the baseband intermediate frequency transmission signal output by the precision measurement and control unit and outputting a radio frequency transmission signal;
and the precise temperature control unit is used for providing temperature monitoring, control and compensation for the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit is used for receiving the externally input time-frequency reference optical signal, converting the time-frequency reference optical signal into a local clock signal and a local oscillator signal, outputting the local clock signal to the precision measurement unit and the control unit, and respectively and sequentially outputting the local oscillator signal to the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit.
Further, the precise measurement and control unit is used for receiving the second pulse signal input by the external GNSS unit and the related information provided by the external data unit so as to keep the time synchronization between the local second pulse signal and the local time information and the second pulse signal and the data unit time code of the external GNSS unit; meanwhile, the obtained device engineering data is uploaded to a data unit for downloading and storing, so that subsequent data analysis and processing are facilitated; the related information comprises a platform time code, position information, dynamic compensation parameters and control instruction information; the device engineering data comprises carrier/pseudo code measured values, time information, temperature control data and working state monitoring data.
Further, the first frequency conversion unit is configured to convert the local oscillation signal f output by the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit LO1 And an intermediate frequency transmitting signal f output by the precise measuring and controlling unit IF1 Up-conversion frequency conversion is carried out to output a radio frequency transmitting signal f RF1 Transmitting to the antenna unit, and correspondingly turningThe exchange relation is f RF1 ＝|f LO1 ±f IF1 I (I); wherein f RF1 Is a radio frequency transmitting signal;
the third frequency conversion unit is used for outputting the local oscillation signal f output by the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit LO3 And an intermediate frequency transmitting signal f output by the precise measuring and controlling unit IF3 Up-conversion frequency conversion is carried out to output a radio frequency transmitting signal f RF3 Transmitting to the antenna unit, wherein the corresponding conversion relation is f RF3 ＝|f LO3 ±f IF3 I (I); wherein f RF3 Is a radio frequency transmit signal.
Further, the second frequency conversion unit synthesizes the local oscillation signal f output by the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit LO2 And a radio frequency receiving signal f output by the antenna unit RF2 Down-converting the frequency to output intermediate frequency signal f IF2 To the precise measurement and control unit for precise measurement receiving processing, the corresponding conversion relation is f IF2 ＝|f RF2 ±f LO2 |。
Further, the precise temperature control unit is used for providing required temperature monitoring, control and compensation for the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit, the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit through different controls Wen Zhilu.
Further, the precise temperature control unit is specifically configured to:
according to actual needs, a plurality of paths of temperature measuring points and a plurality of paths of TEC/heaters are respectively arranged in the photoelectric frequency comprehensive unit, the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit in advance, and the precise measurement and control unit is used for sending a temperature control instruction to the precise temperature control unit according to the temperature value and the temperature fluctuation condition of the plurality of paths of temperature measuring points;
the precise temperature control unit is used for carrying out on-line optimization on the preset working states, target temperature values and temperature compensation parameters of the multi-channel TEC/heater through different controls Wen Zhilu, respectively regulating, correcting and compensating the temperature fluctuation of the photoelectric frequency comprehensive unit, the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit, and uploading temperature control data to the precise measurement and control unit; the temperature control data comprise temperature data of multiple paths of temperature measuring points and working state data of multiple paths of TEC/heaters.
The invention also discloses a multichannel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measurement system, which comprises an on-board device and a ground device matched with the on-board device, wherein a wireless link f is established between the on-board device and the ground device RF1 、f RF2 And f RF3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The on-board device is at the working frequency point f RF1 、f RF3 Transmitting wireless signals at the working frequency point f RF2 Receiving wireless signals; the ground device is at the working frequency point f RF1 、f RF3 Receiving wireless signals at the working frequency point f RF2 Transmitting wireless signals;
the precise temperature control units in the on-board device and the ground device are used for carrying out parameter optimization and adjustment on preset target temperature values and temperature compensation parameters of the on-board device and the ground device, keeping the characteristics of small temperature fluctuation and stable receiving and transmitting time delay characteristics of the on-board device and the ground device, and further obtaining high-stability measurement data.
Further, the spatial signals on different working frequency points are QPSK modulation spread spectrum signals combined by frequency division multiple access and code division multiple access, and the spatial signal format is as follows:
wherein k represents the carrier frequency point number, and the values are 1, 2 and 3; i represents the number of spreading codes on a carrier frequency point with the number of k, and the value is a positive integer; a is that Mk Measuring the amplitude of the branch signal on the carrier frequency point k;measuring a branch spread spectrum code sequence on a carrier frequency point k; />Measuring a data code sequence modulated by a branch for a carrier frequency point k; f (f) RFk The carrier frequency is the radio frequency carrier frequency on the carrier frequency point k; />Measuring the primary phase of the branch carrier on the carrier frequency point k; a is that Ck The signal amplitude of the communication branch on the carrier frequency point k is obtained; />Spreading code sequences for communication branches on a carrier frequency point k; />A data code sequence modulated for a communication branch on a carrier frequency point k; />The primary phase of the communication branch carrier on the carrier frequency point k.
Further, an on-board data unit which is in communication connection with the on-board device and a ground data unit which is in communication connection with the ground device respectively obtain engineering data of the on-board device and the ground device in different working modes of three frequencies, double frequencies and single frequency, and the engineering data is downloaded and stored through respective data buses;
the data comprehensive analysis processing unit is used for respectively summarizing engineering data obtained by the on-board data unit and the ground data unit and comprehensively analyzing engineering parameter data of the on-board device and the ground device so as to obtain a multi-link high-precision time-frequency comparison measurement result between the satellite and the ground; the engineering parameter data comprise carrier/pseudo code measured values, time information, temperature control data and working states.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the multichannel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device has the characteristics of broadcasting and receiving high-precision microwave signals covered by a wide-beam airspace, and has multichannel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring capability.
2. The independent precise temperature control unit suitable for the multichannel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device is designed, the device is independent of the environmental temperature change of the satellite platform in a certain range, the stability of the receiving and transmitting time delay fluctuation of the device can be kept, and the real-time temperature control data acquisition and the temperature control parameter regulation are supported.
3. The system establishes bidirectional multilink measurement between the satellite load and the ground station (single station or multiple stations), so that a technical approach is provided for data analysis and correction of orbit, atmosphere and other error sources, an effective approach is provided for space optical frequency and high-precision atomic clock performance evaluation, and the system can be used in the fields of basic physical research, satellite navigation, deep space exploration and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-channel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-link high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measurement system construction;
fig. 3 is a graph of multi-link high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measurement performance verification.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, wherein it is apparent that the examples described are only some, but not all, of the examples of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art are intended to fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an embodiment of a multi-channel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device, which includes: the device comprises a photoelectric frequency synthesis unit, a precise measurement and control unit, a first frequency conversion unit, a second frequency conversion unit, a third frequency conversion unit, an antenna and a precise temperature control unit. The working process of the device is as follows:
the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit receives the time provided by the external optical frequency comb unitFrequency-reference optical signal, which is converted into local clock signal f CLK And millimeter wave local oscillation signal f LO1 、f LO2 And f LO3 And the data are sequentially output to the precise measurement unit and the control unit, the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit respectively.
The precision measurement and control unit receives the clock signal f CLK Generating a local pulse per second signal (local PPS), local time information and a high-precision baseband intermediate frequency transmit signal f IF1 And f IF3 And transmits the signal f at the intermediate frequency of the two roadbeds IF1 And f IF3 And the frequency signals are respectively output to the first frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit to carry out up-conversion frequency spectrum conversion. At the same time, the precision measurement and control unit receives the intermediate frequency receiving signal f outputted by the down-conversion of the second frequency conversion unit IF2 And performing precise measurement receiving processing and working state control. In addition, the precise measurement and control unit can not only accept the platform time code, the position information, the dynamic compensation parameter, the control instruction information and the like provided by the external GNSS unit input PPS signal and the external data unit, so as to keep the time synchronization between the local PPS and the local time information and the external GNSS unit PPS and the data unit time code. And, the obtained device engineering data (including but not limited to carrier/pseudo code measured value, time information, temperature control data, working state monitoring data and the like) are uploaded to a data unit through a data bus for downloading and storing, and are used for data analysis and processing.
The first frequency conversion unit outputs a local oscillation signal f output by the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit LO1 And an intermediate frequency transmitting signal f output by the precise measuring and controlling unit IF1 Up-conversion frequency conversion is carried out to output a radio frequency transmitting signal f RF1 To the antenna unit, the corresponding conversion relation is f RF1 ＝|f LO1 ±f IF1 | a. The invention relates to a method for producing a fibre-reinforced plastic composite. According to practical needs, an upper sideband signal or a lower sideband signal can be selected, and necessary low-noise amplification and filtering processing can be carried out in the first frequency conversion unit.
The second frequency conversion unit outputs the local oscillation signal f output by the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit LO2 And a radio frequency receiving signal f output by the antenna unit RF2 Down-conversion is carried outFrequency-to-frequency conversion to output an intermediate frequency received signal f IF2 To the precise measurement and control unit for precise measurement receiving processing, the corresponding conversion relation is f IF2 ＝|f RF2 ±f LO2 | a. The invention relates to a method for producing a fibre-reinforced plastic composite. According to practical needs, an upper sideband signal or a lower sideband signal can be selected, and necessary low-noise amplification and filtering processing can be carried out in the second frequency conversion unit.
The third frequency conversion unit outputs the local oscillation signal f output by the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit LO3 And an intermediate frequency transmitting signal f output by the precise measuring and controlling unit IF3 Up-conversion frequency conversion is carried out to output a radio frequency transmitting signal f RF3 To the antenna, the corresponding conversion relation is f RF3 ＝|f LO3 ±f IF3 | a. The invention relates to a method for producing a fibre-reinforced plastic composite. According to actual needs, an upper sideband signal or a lower sideband signal can be selected, and necessary low-noise amplification and filtering processing can be carried out in the third frequency conversion unit.
The antenna completes two paths of radio frequency transmitting signals f RF1 、f RF3 And a path of radio frequency receiving signal f RF2 The antenna adopts a three-frequency-band common-caliber integrated antenna design, and has the characteristics of high isolation, high phase center stability and wide beam airspace coverage.
The precise temperature control unit provides necessary temperature monitoring, control and compensation for the photoelectric frequency comprehensive unit, the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit of the temperature sensitive component, and the temperature control branch 1, the temperature control branch 2, the temperature control branch 3 and the temperature control branch 4 are sequentially arranged. According to actual needs, multiple paths of temperature measuring points and multiple paths of TEC/heaters can be arranged in the photoelectric frequency integrating unit, the first frequency converting unit, the second frequency converting unit and the third frequency converting unit in advance, temperature control instructions are issued to the precise temperature control unit through the precise measurement and control unit according to the temperature value and the temperature fluctuation condition of the multiple paths of temperature measuring points, the preset working states, target temperature values and temperature compensation parameters of the multiple paths of TEC/heaters are optimized on line through the temperature control branch 1, the temperature control branch 2, the temperature control branch 3 and the temperature control branch 4, the temperature fluctuation of the temperature sensitive components is regulated, corrected and compensated, and the temperature control data of the multiple paths of temperature measuring points and the working state data of the multiple paths of TEC/heaters are uploaded to the precise measurement and control unit through the temperature control bus.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention further provides an embodiment of a multi-channel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measurement system, which includes: on-board device (own device) and ground device (pairing device) for establishing wireless link f between the satellite and the ground RF1 、f RF2 And f RF3 Is a multi-link high-precision transceiving measurement system. The system work flow is as follows:
the on-board device is at the working frequency point f RF1 、f RF3 Transmitting wireless signals at the working frequency point f RF2 And receiving wireless signals.
The ground device is at the working frequency point f RF1 、f RF3 Receiving wireless signals at the working frequency point f RF2 And transmitting wireless signals.
Between the on-board device and the ground device, a working frequency point f is established RF1 、f RF2 And f RF3 The wireless link of the transceiver pair of (c) and the high-precision comparison measurement. The space signal on different working frequency points adopts QPSK modulation spread spectrum signal combining frequency division multiple access and code division multiple access, and the space signal format is:
wherein: k is the number of the carrier frequency point, and the values are 1, 2 and 3; i represents the spreading code number on the carrier frequency point with the number k, the values are 1, 2 and 3 … …, and the spreading code number is configurable; a is that Mk Measuring the amplitude of the branch signal on the carrier frequency point k;measuring a branch spread spectrum code sequence on a carrier frequency point k; />Measuring a data code sequence modulated by a branch for a carrier frequency point k; f (f) RFk The carrier frequency is the radio frequency carrier frequency on the carrier frequency point k; />Measuring the primary phase of the branch carrier on the carrier frequency point k; a is that Ck The signal amplitude of the communication branch on the carrier frequency point k is obtained; />Spreading code sequences for communication branches on a carrier frequency point k; />A data code sequence modulated for a communication branch on a carrier frequency point k; />The primary phase of the communication branch carrier on the carrier frequency point k. Meanwhile, parameter optimization and adjustment are carried out on preset target temperature values and temperature compensation parameters through the precise temperature control units in the on-board device and the ground device, the characteristics of small temperature fluctuation and stable receiving and transmitting time delay characteristics of the on-board device and the ground device are kept, and high-stability measurement data are further obtained.
The on-board data unit and the ground data unit can respectively obtain engineering data of the on-board device and the ground device in three-frequency, double-frequency and single-frequency different working modes, and the engineering data is downloaded and stored through respective data buses.
The data comprehensive analysis processing unit gathers engineering data of the satellite data unit and the ground data unit, and performs comprehensive analysis processing on data such as carrier/pseudo code measured values, time information, temperature control data, working states and the like in engineering parameters of the satellite device and the ground device, so that a multi-link high-precision time-frequency comparison measurement result between the satellite and the ground is obtained.
The invention has the capability of multi-link high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measurement between the satellite and the ground, and supports the evaluation of the stability of the novel space atomic clock.
In order to verify the correctness of the invention, a low-orbit satellite-borne microwave time-frequency transmission load principle model machine is designed according to the principle block diagram shown in fig. 1, and the equipment adopts an off-cabin integrated load integration design. Meanwhile, ground wireless link test verification is carried out according to the method shown in fig. 2, under the condition that 200MHz repeated frequency 1550nm optical frequency comb signals and external PPS signals are externally input, the system selectively works at three different frequency points in a millimeter wave frequency band, the system has wide beam coverage and high-precision time-frequency comparison measurement capability on a ground space domain, and the time-frequency comparison carrier measurement precision of the three wireless links is better than 0.3ps, as shown in fig. 3.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multichannel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device is characterized by comprising:
the precise measurement and control unit is used for generating a local second pulse signal, local time information and a high-precision baseband intermediate frequency transmitting signal according to a local clock signal, and outputting the baseband intermediate frequency transmitting signal to the first frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit respectively; meanwhile, the device receives the intermediate frequency signal which is outputted by the down-conversion of the second frequency conversion unit to carry out precise measurement receiving processing and working state control;
the first frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit are respectively used for carrying out up-conversion frequency conversion on the local oscillation signal and the baseband intermediate frequency transmission signal output by the precision measurement and control unit and outputting a radio frequency transmission signal;
and the precise temperature control unit is used for providing temperature monitoring, control and compensation for the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit.
2. The multi-channel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measurement device according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit is used for receiving the externally input time-frequency reference optical signal, converting the time-frequency reference optical signal into a local clock signal and a local oscillator signal, outputting the local clock signal to the precision measurement unit and the control unit, and respectively and sequentially outputting the local oscillator signal to the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit.
3. The multi-channel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the precise measurement and control unit is used for receiving the second pulse signal input by the external GNSS unit and the related information provided by the external data unit so as to keep the time synchronization between the local second pulse signal and the local time information and the second pulse signal and the data unit time code of the external GNSS unit; meanwhile, the obtained device engineering data is uploaded to a data unit for downloading and storing, so that subsequent data analysis and processing are facilitated; the related information comprises a platform time code, position information, dynamic compensation parameters and control instruction information; the device engineering data comprises carrier/pseudo code measured values, time information, temperature control data and working state monitoring data.
4. The multi-channel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the first frequency conversion unit is configured to integrate the local oscillation signal f output by the photoelectric frequency integration unit LO1 And an intermediate frequency transmitting signal f output by the precise measuring and controlling unit IF1 Up-conversion frequency conversion is carried out to output a radio frequency transmitting signal f RF1 Transmitting to the antenna unit, wherein the corresponding conversion relation is f RF1 ＝|f LO1 ±f IF1 I (I); wherein f RF1 Is a radio frequency transmitting signal;
the third frequency conversion unit is used for outputting the local oscillation signal f output by the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit LO3 And an intermediate frequency transmitting signal f output by the precise measuring and controlling unit IF3 Up-conversion frequency conversion is carried out to output a radio frequency transmitting signal f RF3 Transmitting to the antenna unit, wherein the corresponding conversion relation is f RF3 ＝|f LO3 ±f IF3 I (I); wherein f RF3 For transmitting signals at radio frequencyNumber (x).
5. The multi-channel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the second frequency conversion unit outputs the local oscillation signal f outputted by the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit LO2 And a radio frequency receiving signal f output by the antenna unit RF2 Down-converting the frequency to output intermediate frequency signal f IF2 To the precise measurement and control unit for precise measurement receiving processing, the corresponding conversion relation is f IF2 ＝|f RF2 ±f LO2 |。
6. The multi-channel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the precise temperature control unit is used for providing required temperature monitoring, control and compensation for the photoelectric frequency synthesis unit, the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit respectively through different controls Wen Zhilu.
7. The multi-channel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measuring device according to claim 6, wherein the precision temperature control unit is specifically configured to:
according to actual needs, a plurality of paths of temperature measuring points and a plurality of paths of TEC/heaters are respectively arranged in the photoelectric frequency comprehensive unit, the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit in advance, and the precise measurement and control unit is used for sending a temperature control instruction to the precise temperature control unit according to the temperature value and the temperature fluctuation condition of the plurality of paths of temperature measuring points;
the precise temperature control unit is used for carrying out on-line optimization on the preset working states, target temperature values and temperature compensation parameters of the multi-channel TEC/heater through different controls Wen Zhilu, respectively regulating, correcting and compensating the temperature fluctuation of the photoelectric frequency comprehensive unit, the first frequency conversion unit, the second frequency conversion unit and the third frequency conversion unit, and uploading temperature control data to the precise measurement and control unit; the temperature control data comprise temperature data of multiple paths of temperature measuring points and working state data of multiple paths of TEC/heaters.
8. A multichannel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measurement system is characterized by comprising an on-board device and a ground device matched with the on-board device, wherein a wireless link f is established between the on-board device and the ground device RF1 、f RF2 And f RF3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The on-board device is at the working frequency point f RF1 、f RF3 Transmitting wireless signals at the working frequency point f RF2 Receiving wireless signals; the ground device is at the working frequency point f RF1 、f RF3 Receiving wireless signals at the working frequency point f RF2 Transmitting wireless signals;
the precise temperature control units in the on-board device and the ground device are used for carrying out parameter optimization and adjustment on preset target temperature values and temperature compensation parameters of the on-board device and the ground device, keeping the characteristics of small temperature fluctuation and stable receiving and transmitting time delay characteristics of the on-board device and the ground device, and further obtaining high-stability measurement data.
9. The multi-channel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measurement system according to claim 8, wherein,
the space signal on different working frequency points adopts QPSK modulation spread spectrum signal combining frequency division multiple access and code division multiple access, and the space signal format is:
wherein k represents the carrier frequency point number, and the values are 1, 2 and 3; i represents the number of spreading codes on a carrier frequency point with the number of k, and the value is a positive integer; a is that Mk Measuring the amplitude of the branch signal on the carrier frequency point k;measuring a branch spread spectrum code sequence on a carrier frequency point k; />Measuring a data code sequence modulated by a branch for a carrier frequency point k; f (f) RFk The carrier frequency is the radio frequency carrier frequency on the carrier frequency point k; />Measuring the primary phase of the branch carrier on the carrier frequency point k; a is that Ck The signal amplitude of the communication branch on the carrier frequency point k is obtained; />Spreading code sequences for communication branches on a carrier frequency point k; />A data code sequence modulated for a communication branch on a carrier frequency point k; />The primary phase of the communication branch carrier on the carrier frequency point k.
10. The multi-channel high-precision microwave time-frequency comparison measurement system according to claim 8, wherein,
the method comprises the steps that an on-board data unit which is in communication connection with an on-board device and a ground data unit which is in communication connection with a ground device respectively obtain engineering data of the on-board device and the ground device in different working modes of three frequencies, double frequencies and single frequency, and the engineering data are downloaded and stored through respective data buses;
the data comprehensive analysis processing unit is used for respectively summarizing engineering data obtained by the on-board data unit and the ground data unit and comprehensively analyzing engineering parameter data of the on-board device and the ground device so as to obtain a multi-link high-precision time-frequency comparison measurement result between the satellite and the ground; the engineering parameter data comprise carrier/pseudo code measured values, time information, temperature control data and working states.
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