CN117330984A - Method and device for determining battery health state - Google Patents
Method and device for determining battery health state Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for determining the health state of a battery, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring actual charging data and environmental temperature of a target battery in a current charging process, wherein charging current in the current charging process meets a step constant current, and the actual charging data comprises a corresponding relation between battery voltage and charging time; according to a preset selection rule, selecting battery voltages at two different charging moments from the actual charging data to obtain a first battery voltage and a second battery voltage; based on the ambient temperature, the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage determine a first health degree by searching pre-constructed sample charging data, wherein the sample charging data is obtained by performing a step constant current charging test on a plurality of sample batteries; a target health of the target battery is determined based on the first health. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can improve the accuracy of determining the health state of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for determining a battery state of health.
Background
In the process of using or placing the battery for a long time, the battery is affected by factors such as working environment temperature, charge and discharge system, placement time and the like, the battery capacity of the battery is gradually attenuated, when the battery capacity is attenuated to a certain extent and cannot meet the use requirement, the battery is required to be replaced, so that the health state of the battery is required to be timely and accurately known in the process of using the battery so as to manage the battery, but the calculated health state of the battery is inaccurate due to the restriction of a calculation mode at the present stage, and on the basis of the method, how to improve the accuracy of determining the health state of the battery is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for determining the state of health of a battery, and the accuracy of determining the state of health of the battery can be improved based on the technical scheme provided by the application.
Other features and advantages of the present application will be apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part by the practice of the application.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a method for determining a state of health of a battery, the method comprising: acquiring actual charging data and environmental temperature of a target battery in a current charging process, wherein charging current in the current charging process meets a step constant current, and the actual charging data comprises a corresponding relation between battery voltage and charging time; according to a preset selection rule, selecting battery voltages at two different charging moments from the actual charging data to obtain a first battery voltage and a second battery voltage; determining a first health degree by searching pre-constructed sample charging data based on the ambient temperature, wherein the sample charging data is obtained by performing a step constant current charging test on a plurality of sample batteries, and the sample charging data comprises charge state value-battery voltage curves at different temperatures; a target health of the target battery is determined based on the first health.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the actual charging data further includes a correspondence between a state of charge value and a charging time, and the selecting, according to a preset selection rule, from the actual charging data, a battery voltage at two different charging times to obtain a first battery voltage and a second battery voltage includes: selecting a first charging time and a second charging time based on the actual charging data; the state of charge value of the target battery at the first charging moment is smaller than a first set value or larger than a second set value, the state of charge value of the target battery at the second charging moment is smaller than the first set value or larger than the second set value, and the second set value is larger than the first set value; taking the battery voltage of the target battery at the first charging moment as the first battery voltage; and taking the battery voltage of the target battery at the second charging moment as the second battery voltage.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the current charging process includes a plurality of constant current charging phases, the actual charging data further includes a correspondence between a constant current charging phase and a charging time, and a correspondence between a state of charge value and a constant current charging phase, and the method further includes: the first constant current charging stage corresponding to the first charging time is not a second constant current charging stage and a first constant current charging stage of the current charging process, and the second constant current charging stage is a constant current charging stage corresponding to the state of charge value of the target battery being the second set value; the third constant current charging stage corresponding to the second charging time is not the second constant current charging stage and the first constant current charging stage.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing scheme, the first constant current charging stage is adjacent to the third constant current charging stage; the time length of the first charging time from the starting time of the first constant current charging stage is longer than a preset time; the time length of the second charging time from the starting time of the third constant current charging stage is longer than the preset time.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing scheme, the first charging time is less than the second charging time; the first constant current charging phase is adjacent to the first constant current charging phase or the second constant current charging phase.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the determining the first health by looking up pre-constructed sample charging data based on the ambient temperature, the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage includes: determining a target state of charge value-battery voltage curve from the sample charge data that matches the ambient temperature; determining a first sample state of charge value corresponding to the first battery voltage from the target state of charge value-battery voltage curve; determining a second sample state of charge value corresponding to the second battery voltage from the target state of charge value-battery voltage curve; the first health is determined based on the first sample state of charge value and the second sample state of charge value.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the actual charging data further includes a correspondence between a state of charge value and a battery voltage, and the determining the first health based on the first sample state of charge value and the second sample state of charge value includes: determining a first actual state of charge value corresponding to the first battery voltage and a second actual state of charge value corresponding to the second battery voltage from the actual charging data;
determining the first health degree according to the following formula:
SOH 1 ＝(SOC 11 -SOC 12 )/(SOC 21 -SOC 22 )*100％
wherein SOH 1 Indicating a first health degree, SOC 11 Representing the first actual state of charge value, SOC 12 Representing the second actual state of charge value, SOC 21 Representing the first sample state of charge value, SOC 22 Representing the second sample state of charge value.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing aspect, the determining the target health of the target battery based on the first health includes: acquiring the current accumulated charge-discharge cycle times of the target battery and the total charge-discharge cycle times obtained in advance through a cycle test; calculating to obtain a second health degree based on the current accumulated charge-discharge cycle times and the total charge-discharge cycle times; a target health of the target battery is determined based on the first health and the second health.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the determining the target health of the target battery based on the first health and the second health includes: acquiring a first weight corresponding to the first health degree; acquiring a second weight corresponding to the second health degree, wherein the second weight is smaller than the first weight; and determining the target health degree of the target battery based on the first health degree, the first weight, the second health degree and the second weight.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a device for determining a state of health of a battery, the device comprising: the device comprises an acquisition unit, a charging control unit and a charging control unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring actual charging data and environmental temperature of a target battery in a current charging process, the charging current in the current charging process meets a step constant current, and the actual charging data comprises a corresponding relation between battery voltage and charging time; the selecting unit is used for selecting the battery voltages at two different charging moments from the actual charging data according to a preset selecting rule to obtain a first battery voltage and a second battery voltage; the first determining unit is used for determining a first health degree by searching pre-constructed sample charging data based on the ambient temperature, wherein the sample charging data is obtained by performing a step constant current charging test on a plurality of sample batteries, and the sample charging data comprises charge state value-battery voltage curves at different temperatures; and a second determining unit configured to determine a target health degree of the target battery based on the first health degree.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a computer readable storage medium, wherein at least one program code is stored in the computer readable storage medium, the at least one program code being loaded and executed by a processor to implement operations performed by a method as described in any of the first aspects above.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a battery system comprising one or more processors and one or more memories having stored therein at least one piece of program code loaded and executed by the one or more processors to implement the operations performed by the method of any of the first aspects described above.
According to the technical scheme, the process of determining the battery state of health comprises the steps of firstly obtaining actual charging data and environmental temperature of a target battery in a current charging process, wherein charging current in the current charging process meets stepped constant current, the actual charging data comprise corresponding relations between battery voltage and charging time, secondly, selecting battery voltage at two different charging time from the actual charging data according to preset selection rules to obtain first battery voltage and second battery voltage, and thirdly, determining first health degree by searching pre-built sample charging data based on the environmental temperature, wherein the sample charging data are obtained by carrying out stepped constant current charging test on a plurality of sample batteries, and finally, determining the target health degree of the target battery based on the first health degree. Therefore, the technical scheme of the method and the device calculates the health degree of the battery based on the data in the actual charging process of the battery, and can improve the accuracy of determining the health state of the battery to a certain extent.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application. It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of a method of determining a battery state of health according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing battery voltage as a function of state of charge values in the related art according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of actual charging data of the target battery according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of actual charging data of the target battery according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 illustrates a detailed flow diagram of determining a target health of the target battery based on the first health according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of a battery state of health determination device according to one embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art.
Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present application. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the aspects of the application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. In other instances, well-known methods, devices, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the application.
The block diagrams depicted in the figures are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically separate entities. That is, the functional entities may be implemented in software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices.
The flow diagrams depicted in the figures are exemplary only, and do not necessarily include all of the elements and operations/steps, nor must they be performed in the order described. For example, some operations/steps may be decomposed, and some operations/steps may be combined or partially combined, so that the order of actual execution may be changed according to actual situations.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present application and in the above-described figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the objects so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the present application described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described.
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the following details are set forth in the related background art:
the power battery is used as the only power source of the pure electric vehicle, and the indexes of the battery state of health (SOH) can influence the evaluation of the core data such as the state of charge (SOC), the battery energy State (SOE), the battery power State (SOP) and the like of the whole vehicle, so that the real-time performance of the whole vehicle is greatly influenced. In addition, SOH is also a key index for evaluating the service life of the battery, and influences the gradient utilization of the battery.
There are many methods for calculating the state of health of the battery, but the method is applied to engineering on mass production vehicles at present, and is usually used for calculating the state of health of the battery by searching SOC-OCV curve data obtained through HPPC test in advance. The method mainly comprises the following steps: and selecting two battery voltage calibration points of the battery in reality, wherein the two battery voltage calibration points comprise a calibration point 1 and a calibration point 2, calculating a capacity change value C of the battery from the calibration point 1 to the calibration point 2 in reality by utilizing an ampere-hour integration algorithm, and obtaining an initial capacity change value C1 from the calibration point 1 to the calibration point 2 by searching SOC-OCV curve data obtained in advance through an HPPC test, so that the state of health SOH=C/C1 of the battery is 100%.
However, in the prior art, before the calibration point is selected, the battery needs to be static for more than 2 hours, that is, before the calibration point 1 and the calibration point 2 are selected, the vehicle needs to be in a power-down state for more than 2 hours to obtain the static battery voltage of the battery, but it can be understood that the vehicle in actual use is stopped and flameout for more than 2 hours, so that the battery state of health is limited by the method, the battery state of health cannot be flexibly calculated, and the accuracy of calculating the battery state of health is reduced.
In order to realize the technical scheme of the application, firstly, sample charging data needs to be constructed, the sample charging data is obtained by carrying out step constant current charging test on a plurality of sample batteries, and the following detailed description is given to specific embodiments for constructing the sample charging data:
in a first step, a plurality of sample cells are selected, the cell type and rated capacity of which are the same as those of the target cells mentioned in the present application, while a new unused cell can be selected as the sample cell.
And secondly, discharging the battery power of each sample battery to reach SOC=0%.
And thirdly, placing each sample cell at different ambient temperatures (reference temperature range: 0-50 ℃ C., granularity of 5 ℃ C.) for full standing.
And fourthly, setting a dynamic platform voltage in a battery capacity test rack according to a step constant current charging method (such as setting a dynamic platform voltage every 5% of battery electric quantity), so that sample charging data obtained by the sample battery in the test is consistent with the actual fast charging working condition of the whole vehicle, and recording the battery voltage of each sample battery in real time in the charging process.
And fifthly, constructing sample charging data, wherein the sample charging data comprises charge state value-battery voltage curves at different temperatures.
After the sample charge data is constructed, the state of health of the battery may be determined, and some embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a method for determining a battery state of health according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, and specifically includes steps S110 to S140:
step S110, obtaining actual charging data and environmental temperature of a target battery in a current charging process, wherein charging current in the current charging process meets a step constant current, and the actual charging data comprises a corresponding relation between battery voltage and charging time.
It should be noted that the target battery may provide a power source for an electric vehicle, an electric automobile, etc., for example, a lithium battery.
It can be understood that in an actual quick charge strategy, the vehicle is generally charged by adopting a step constant current charging method, so that the method can determine the health state of the target battery in the step constant current charging process of the target battery. Compared with the prior art, the battery health state can be determined without being static for more than 2 hours, and the battery health state can be determined more flexibly.
It should be noted that, since the current charging process of the target battery is a step constant current charging process, the current charging process of the target battery includes a plurality of constant current charging phases, that is, the target battery needs to undergo a plurality of constant current charging phases from the start of charging to the full charging.
It should be further noted that, the actual charging data of the target battery includes, but is not limited to, a corresponding relationship between a battery voltage and a charging time, a corresponding relationship between a state of charge value and a battery voltage, a corresponding relationship between a state of charge value and a constant current charging stage, and so on.
It can be understood that, because the battery management system of the target battery can calculate the state of charge value of the target battery in real time through the ampere-hour integration algorithm in the charging process of the target battery, the state of charge value corresponding to different charging moments of the target battery in the current charging process can be obtained based on the data calculated by the battery management system; because the battery voltage of the target battery is gradually increased in the charging process, the battery voltage of the target battery dynamically changes at different charging moments in the current charging process; because the constant current charging stage can be divided according to the increment of the battery electric quantity of the battery, different charge state values of the target battery correspond to one constant current charging stage in the current charging process.
In some embodiments, the battery voltage of the target battery may be detected in real time by a voltage detection device, so as to obtain a correspondence between the battery voltage and the charging time.
With continued reference to fig. 1, step S120 is to select, according to a preset selection rule, battery voltages at two different charging moments from the actual charging data, so as to obtain a first battery voltage and a second battery voltage.
It will be appreciated that the resulting first and second battery voltages are similar to the two calibration points of the background art.
It should be noted that, the target battery may acquire the actual charging data in real time during the current charging process, so as to determine, in real time, whether the current charging time may be selected according to a preset selection rule, so as to determine the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage. It can be understood that if the determined preset selection rules are different, the two selected charging moments will be different, so that the extracted first battery voltage and the second battery voltage will be different, and the calculated health states of the target batteries will also be different.
In some embodiments, the embodiment of step S120 may be performed as follows steps S121 to S123:
Step S121, selecting a first charging time and a second charging time based on the actual charging data.
In some embodiments, the first set point may be 30%,35%,40%, etc., and the second set point may be 75%,80%,85%, etc.
The first charging time and the second charging time are different.
Step S122, using the battery voltage of the target battery at the first charging time as the first battery voltage;
and step S123, using the battery voltage of the target battery at the second charging time as the second battery voltage.
It should be noted that, in the technical solution of the present application, the preset selection rules that can be designed to be adapted according to actual situations include at least the following four embodiments:
first embodiment:
so that the selected first charging time and second charging time satisfy: the state of charge value of the target battery at the first charging moment is smaller than a first set value or larger than a second set value, the state of charge value of the target battery at the second charging moment is smaller than the first set value or larger than the second set value, and the second set value is larger than the first set value.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present embodiment, the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2 to 3.
Referring to fig. 2, a graph illustrating a change in battery voltage with a state of charge value in the related art according to one embodiment of the present application is shown.
Fig. 2 shows a graph of the change of the battery voltage with the state of charge value obtained by performing stepped constant current charging on a sample battery at different charging rates.
By observing the sample charging data by the inventor, the conclusion is that: for example, as shown in fig. 2, the overall trend of the battery voltage change during actual fast charge is a trend of gradually increasing, but the battery voltage change ranges are different in different SOC intervals, and generally the battery voltage change ranges from [0, 30% ] to [80%,100% ] in the SOC intervals to a large extent. It can be understood that if the dynamic voltage of the calibration point is extracted in the SOC interval of [0, 30% ], or the dynamic voltage of the calibration point is extracted in the SOC interval of [80%,100% ], the SOC value corresponding to the calibration point voltage can be extracted more accurately in the process of calculating the battery health state, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the battery health state.
For example, if the first setting value is set to 30% and the second setting value is set to 80%, the state of charge value corresponding to the first charging time selected in this embodiment is located in the [0, 30% ] interval or in the [80%,100% ] interval, and similarly, the state of charge value corresponding to the second charging time selected in this embodiment is also located in the [0, 30% ] interval or in the [80%,100% ] interval. As can be seen from the curve of the battery voltage changing with the state of charge value shown in fig. 2, the corresponding first battery voltage and second battery voltage are obtained based on the first charging time and the second charging time selected by the preset selection rule, which are beneficial to extracting an accurate SOC value from the corresponding state of charge value-battery voltage curve, so that the accuracy of determining the state of health of the target battery is improved.
It will be appreciated that the target battery may be charged from a different SOC during the current charging process, so assuming that the first set value is 30% and the second set value is 80%, if the target battery is charged at SOC less than or equal to 30%, the first charging time and the second charging time may be selected within the interval of [0, 30% ] or within the interval of [80%,100% ], but if the target battery is charged at SOC > 30% and less than or equal to 80%, the first charging time and the second charging time may be selected after waiting until the target battery is charged to SOC > 80%, if the target battery is charged at SOC > 80%, and the first charging time and the second charging time may be selected within the interval of [80%,100% ].
Second embodiment:
so that the selected first charging time and second charging time satisfy: the state of charge value of the target battery at the first charging moment is smaller than a first set value or larger than a second set value, the state of charge value of the target battery at the second charging moment is smaller than the first set value or larger than the second set value, and the second set value is larger than the first set value. The method comprises the following steps:
the first constant current charging stage corresponding to the first charging time is not a second constant current charging stage and a first constant current charging stage of the current charging process, and the second constant current charging stage is a constant current charging stage corresponding to the state of charge value of the target battery being the second set value; the third constant current charging stage corresponding to the second charging time is not the second constant current charging stage and the first constant current charging stage.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present embodiment, an example will be described below with reference to fig. 3.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of actual charging data of the target battery according to one embodiment of the present application is shown.
The scenario corresponding to fig. 3 is that, in the current charging process of the target battery, the target battery is charged by adopting a stepped constant current charging method from soc=0, so as to reach full charge soc=100%. In fig. 3, the current charging process is divided according to the SOC increment of 5%, that is, if the target battery needs to be charged from the state of soc=0 to the state of soc=100%, it needs to go through 20 constant current charging phases, and in fig. 3, it is assumed that the first set value is 30% and the second set value is 80%.
Assuming that the target battery acquires actual charging data when the charging time is t8, in fig. 3, the constant current charging stage 1 is the first constant current charging stage of the current charging process of the target battery, and the constant current charging stage 17 is the second constant current charging stage corresponding to the state of charge value of the target battery being 80% of the second set value. Therefore, the first charging time and the second charging time can be selected in the charging time interval of [ t1, t4] and/or the charging time interval of [ t6, t8 ].
In this embodiment, the current charging process is started from the gun charging, and the target battery first goes through the first constant current charging stage in the current charging process, and since the battery voltage in the first constant current charging stage is unstable, if the first battery voltage and/or the second battery voltage are extracted in the first constant current charging stage, the extracted data is unstable, and the accuracy of calculating the state of health of the target battery is reduced. Therefore, the first charging time and/or the second charging time are not extracted from the first constant current charging stage and the second constant current charging stage, and the accuracy of determining the state of health of the battery can be improved.
Third embodiment:
So that the selected first charging time and second charging time satisfy: the state of charge value of the target battery at the first charging moment is smaller than a first set value or larger than a second set value, the state of charge value of the target battery at the second charging moment is smaller than the first set value or larger than the second set value, and the second set value is larger than the first set value. The method comprises the following steps:
the first constant current charging stage corresponding to the first charging time is not a second constant current charging stage and a first constant current charging stage of the current charging process, and the second constant current charging stage is a constant current charging stage corresponding to the state of charge value of the target battery being the second set value; the third constant current charging stage corresponding to the second charging time is not the second constant current charging stage and the first constant current charging stage.
The method comprises the following steps: the first constant current charging stage is adjacent to the third constant current charging stage; the time length of the first charging time from the starting time of the first constant current charging stage is longer than a preset time; the time length of the second charging time from the starting time of the third constant current charging stage is longer than the preset time.
In some embodiments, the preset time may be set to 29s,30s,31s, etc.
For example, assuming that the time t2 in fig. 3 reaches a preset time from the start time of the constant current charging stage 2 and the time t3 reaches a preset time from the start time of the constant current charging stage 3, when the target battery starts to be charged from soc=0, and when the charging time reaches the time t3, the time t2 may be selected as the first charging time and the time t3 may be selected as the second charging time, so that the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage are extracted, and the state of health of the target battery is calculated. Of course, the first charging time and the second charging time satisfying the above conditions may also be selected in other constant current charging phases along with the consumption of the charging time, which is not limited herein.
In this embodiment, because the user may end the charging when the target battery is not fully charged in the current charging process, in order to extract the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage as much as possible in the current charging process, the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage may be extracted in two adjacent constant current charging stages, that is, the first constant current charging stage corresponding to the first charging time and the third constant current charging stage corresponding to the second charging time are adjacent, so as to ensure that the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage can be extracted continuously, and improve stability and reliability of calculating the state of health of the target battery.
In this embodiment, the transition of the target battery from one constant current charging stage to the next constant current charging stage generally causes the battery voltage of the target battery to be unstable, so if the first battery voltage is extracted at the initial stage of the target battery entering the first constant current charging stage, or the second battery voltage of the target battery is extracted at the initial stage of the target battery entering the third constant current charging stage, the extracted battery voltage is unstable and inaccurate, thereby reducing the accuracy of determining the state of health of the target battery. Therefore, the first charging time can be selected at the preset time from the starting time of the first constant current charging stage, and the second charging time can be selected at the preset time from the starting time of the third constant current charging stage, so that the accuracy of the extracted first battery voltage and second battery voltage is improved, and the accuracy of determining the battery health state is further improved.
Fourth embodiment:
so that the selected first charging time and second charging time satisfy: the state of charge value of the target battery at the first charging moment is smaller than a first set value or larger than a second set value, the state of charge value of the target battery at the second charging moment is smaller than the first set value or larger than the second set value, and the second set value is larger than the first set value. The method comprises the following steps:
The first constant current charging stage corresponding to the first charging time is not a second constant current charging stage and a first constant current charging stage of the current charging process, and the second constant current charging stage is a constant current charging stage corresponding to the state of charge value of the target battery being the second set value; the third constant current charging stage corresponding to the second charging time is not the second constant current charging stage and the first constant current charging stage.
The method comprises the following steps: the first constant current charging stage is adjacent to the third constant current charging stage; the time length of the first charging time from the starting time of the first constant current charging stage is longer than a preset time; the time length of the second charging time from the starting time of the third constant current charging stage is longer than the preset time.
The method comprises the following steps: the first charging time is smaller than the second charging time; the first constant current charging phase is adjacent to the first constant current charging phase or the second constant current charging phase.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present embodiment, the following description will be made with reference to fig. 4.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic diagram of actual charging data of the target battery according to one embodiment of the present application is shown.
Fig. 4 corresponds to a scenario in which the target battery starts to be charged at soc=50%, assuming that the first set value is 30%, the second set value is 80%, assuming that the target battery acquires actual charging data when the charging time is t4, assuming that the time t3 reaches a preset time from the start time of the constant current charging stage 9, and assuming that the charging time t4 reaches a preset time from the start time of the constant current charging stage 10, it is understood that the constant current charging stage 8 in fig. 4 is the second constant current charging stage, the constant current charging stage 9 is adjacent to the constant current charging stage 8, and the constant current charging stage 10 is adjacent to the constant current charging stage 9, so that the charging time t3 can be selected as the first charging time, and the charging time t4 is selected as the second charging time.
Therefore, compared with the third embodiment, the method is more beneficial to extracting the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage as early as possible in the current charging process, thereby improving the reliability and stability of extracting the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage and improving the reliability and stability of determining the health state of the target battery based on the charging process.
In summary, in the four embodiments for setting the preset selection rule, the fourth embodiment is an optimal embodiment, and the state of health of the target battery is calculated based on the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage extracted in the fourth embodiment, so that the accuracy of the obtained result is the highest, and the efficiency of the obtained result is the highest.
With continued reference to fig. 1, step S130 determines a first health degree by searching for pre-constructed sample charging data, which is obtained by performing a step constant current charging test on a plurality of sample batteries, based on the ambient temperature, the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage, the sample charging data including state of charge value-battery voltage curves at different temperatures.
In some embodiments, the specific embodiment of step S130 may be performed as follows steps S131 to S134:
step S131, determining a target state of charge value-battery voltage curve matched with the ambient temperature from the sample charging data.
Step S132, determining a first sample state of charge value corresponding to the first battery voltage from the target state of charge value-battery voltage curve.
Step S133, determining a second sample state of charge value corresponding to the second battery voltage from the target state of charge value-battery voltage curve.
Step S134, determining the first health degree based on the first sample state of charge value and the second sample state of charge value.
In this embodiment, since the sample charging data constructed in advance includes a plurality of state of charge value-battery voltage curves at different temperatures, the state of charge value-battery voltage curve at the ambient temperature can be matched by the ambient temperature of the target battery during the current charging, and thus the target state of charge value-battery voltage curve can be obtained. Since the target state of charge value-battery voltage curve records the change rule of the battery voltage along with the change of the state of charge value, a first sample state of charge value corresponding to the first battery voltage and a second sample state of charge value corresponding to the second battery voltage can be extracted from the target state of charge value-battery voltage curve.
In this embodiment, the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage are extracted according to a preset selection rule, so that the accurate first sample state of charge value and the accurate second sample state of charge value can be extracted on the target state of charge value-battery voltage curve, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the target battery state of health subsequently.
In some embodiments, the embodiment of step S134 may be performed as follows steps S1341 to S1342:
step S1341, determining a first actual state of charge value corresponding to the first battery voltage and a second actual state of charge value corresponding to the second battery voltage from the actual charging data.
For example, if the charging time t2 in fig. 3 is extracted as the first charging time, the state of charge value at the charging time t2 is the first actual state of charge value, and if the charging time t3 in fig. 3 is extracted as the second charging time, the state of charge value at the charging time t3 is the second actual state of charge value.
Step S1342, determining the first health degree according to the following formula 1:
SOH 1 ＝(SOC 11 -SOC 12 )/(SOC 21 -SOC 22 ) 100% equation 1
Wherein SOH 1 Indicating a first health degree, SOC 11 Representing the first actual state of charge value, SOC 12 Representing the second actual state of charge value, SOC 21 Representing the first sample state of charge value, SOC 22 Representing the second sample state of charge value.
With continued reference to fig. 1, step S140 determines a target health of the target battery based on the first health.
In some embodiments, the first health may be directly taken as the target health of the target battery.
In some embodiments, a composite algorithm may be used, i.e., the state of health of the target battery is calculated in combination with both algorithms, thereby further improving the accuracy of determining the state of health of the target battery. Specifically, the steps shown in fig. 5 may be performed.
Referring to fig. 5, a detailed flowchart of determining the target health of the target battery based on the first health according to an embodiment of the present application specifically includes steps S141 to S143:
step S141, obtaining the current accumulated charge-discharge cycle number of the target battery and the total charge-discharge cycle number obtained by the cycle test in advance.
In some embodiments, the power cell is generally considered to be unusable with a health level of < 80%, so the preliminary cycle test procedure may be a laboratory 1C rate charge and discharge cycle test of a sample cell with a cell capacity C, with the sample cell being cycled from 100% -80% for n cycles (typically 1000-2000 cycles), where n is the total charge and discharge cycles.
It should be noted that, in the actual use process of the target battery, each time the charging and discharging processes are completed 1 time, the target battery is recorded as a battery cycle 1 time.
With continued reference to fig. 5, in step S142, a second health degree is calculated based on the current accumulated charge-discharge cycle number and the total charge-discharge cycle number.
In this embodiment, the second health degree can be calculated by the following formula 2:
SOH 2 = (1-m/n) ×100% equation 2
Wherein SOH 2 And representing the second health degree, m represents the current accumulated charge-discharge cycle times, and n represents the total charge-discharge cycle times.
With continued reference to fig. 5, step S143 determines a target health of the target battery based on the first health and the second health.
In step S143, at least the following three embodiments are included:
first embodiment:
and selecting the minimum value of the first health degree and the second health degree as the target health degree of the target battery.
Second embodiment:
and taking the average value of the first health degree and the second health degree as the target health degree of the target battery.
The third embodiment is performed according to the following steps S1431 to S1433:
in step S1431, a first weight corresponding to the first health degree is obtained.
Step S1432, obtaining a second weight corresponding to the second health degree, where the second weight is smaller than the first weight.
Step S1433, determining the target health of the target battery based on the first health, the first weight, the second health, and the second weight.
The sum of the first weight and the second weight is 1.
In some embodiments, the first weight has a value range of [0.5,1] and the second weight has a value range of [0.5,1].
In this embodiment, the target health of the target battery may be specifically determined by the following formula 3.
SOH＝SOH 1 *a+SOH 2 * b formula 3
SOH represents the target health degree, SOH 1 Representing the first degree of health, SOH 2 Representing the second health degree, a representing the first weight, b representing the second weight, a+b=1.
In the technical scheme provided by some embodiments of the present application, the process of determining the battery health state includes firstly obtaining actual charging data and an environmental temperature of a target battery in a current charging process, wherein charging current in the current charging process meets a step constant current, the actual charging data includes a corresponding relation between battery voltage and charging time, secondly, selecting battery voltages at two different charging time from the actual charging data according to a preset selection rule to obtain a first battery voltage and a second battery voltage, and thirdly, determining a first health degree by searching pre-built sample charging data based on the environmental temperature, wherein the sample charging data is obtained by carrying out step constant current charging test on a plurality of sample batteries, the sample charging data includes a state of charge value-battery voltage curve at different temperatures, and finally, determining the target health degree of the target battery based on the first health degree. The technical scheme based on the application determines that the battery health state has at least the following three technical effects:
According to the technical scheme, the battery state of health is determined based on actual charging data of the battery, the electrostatic battery voltage does not need to be extracted more than 2h when the battery is in a power-down state, and therefore the battery state of health can be determined more flexibly compared with the prior art.
In a second aspect, the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage are selected according to a preset selection rule such that accurate first sample state of charge values and second sample state of charge values can be extracted from a target state of charge value-battery voltage curve, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the state of health of the battery.
In the third aspect, the accuracy of determining the health state of the target battery can be further improved by determining the target health degree of the target battery based on the first health degree and the second health degree by adopting a compound algorithm.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application provides a device for determining a battery state of health, which may be used to perform the method for determining a battery state of health in the above embodiment of the present application. For details not disclosed in the embodiments of the present application, please refer to the embodiments of the method for determining the state of health of the battery described in the present application.
Referring to fig. 6, a block diagram of a battery state of health determination device according to one embodiment of the present application is shown.
As shown in fig. 6, a battery state of health determination apparatus 600 according to an embodiment of the present application includes: an acquisition unit 601, a selection unit 602, a first determination unit 603, and a second determination unit 604.
The acquiring unit 601 is configured to acquire actual charging data and an ambient temperature of a target battery in a current charging process, where a charging current in the current charging process meets a step constant current, and the actual charging data includes a corresponding relationship between a battery voltage and a charging time; the selecting unit 602 is configured to select, according to a preset selection rule, battery voltages at two different charging moments from the actual charging data, so as to obtain a first battery voltage and a second battery voltage; the first determining unit 603 is configured to determine, based on the ambient temperature, a first health degree by searching for sample charging data that is pre-constructed and obtained by performing a step constant current charging test on a plurality of sample batteries, where the sample charging data includes state of charge values-battery voltage curves at different temperatures; the second determining unit 604 is configured to determine a target health degree of the target battery based on the first health degree.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the actual charging data further includes a correspondence between a state of charge value and a charging time, and the selected unit 602 is further configured to: selecting a first charging time and a second charging time based on the actual charging data; the state of charge value of the target battery at the first charging moment is smaller than a first set value or larger than a second set value, the state of charge value of the target battery at the second charging moment is smaller than the first set value or larger than the second set value, and the second set value is larger than the first set value; taking the battery voltage of the target battery at the first charging moment as the first battery voltage; and taking the battery voltage of the target battery at the second charging moment as the second battery voltage.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the current charging process includes a plurality of constant current charging phases, the actual charging data further includes a correspondence between a constant current charging phase and a charging time, and a correspondence between a state of charge value and a constant current charging phase, where a first constant current charging phase corresponding to the first charging time is not a second constant current charging phase and a first constant current charging phase of the current charging process, and the second constant current charging phase is a constant current charging phase corresponding to when the state of charge value of the target battery is the second set value; the third constant current charging stage corresponding to the second charging time is not the second constant current charging stage and the first constant current charging stage.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing scheme, the first constant current charging stage is adjacent to the third constant current charging stage; the time length of the first charging time from the starting time of the first constant current charging stage is longer than a preset time; the time length of the second charging time from the starting time of the third constant current charging stage is longer than the preset time.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing scheme, the first charging time is less than the second charging time; the first constant current charging phase is adjacent to the first constant current charging phase or the second constant current charging phase.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the first determining unit 603 is further configured to: determining a target state of charge value-battery voltage curve from the sample charge data that matches the ambient temperature; determining a first sample state of charge value corresponding to the first battery voltage from the target state of charge value-battery voltage curve; determining a second sample state of charge value corresponding to the second battery voltage from the target state of charge value-battery voltage curve; the first health is determined based on the first sample state of charge value and the second sample state of charge value.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing solution, the actual charging data further includes a correspondence between a state of charge value and a battery voltage, and the first determining unit 603 is further configured to: determining a first actual state of charge value corresponding to the first battery voltage and a second actual state of charge value corresponding to the second battery voltage from the actual charging data;
determining the first health degree according to the following formula:
SOH 1 ＝(SOC 11 -SOC 12 )/(SOC 21 -SOC 22 )*100％
wherein SOH 1 Indicating a first health degree, SOC 11 Representing the first actual state of charge value, SOC 12 Representing the second actual state of charge value, SOC 21 Representing the first sample state of charge value, SOC 22 Representing the second sample state of charge value.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing scheme, the second determining unit 604 is further configured to: acquiring the current accumulated charge-discharge cycle times of the target battery and the total charge-discharge cycle times obtained in advance through a cycle test; calculating to obtain health degree based on the current accumulated charge-discharge cycle times and the total charge-discharge cycle times; a target health of the target battery is determined based on the first health and the second health.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing scheme, the second determining unit 604 is further configured to: acquiring a first weight corresponding to the first health degree; acquiring a second weight corresponding to the second health degree, wherein the second weight is smaller than the first weight; and determining the target health degree of the target battery based on the first health degree, the first weight, the second health degree and the second weight.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein at least one computer program instruction that is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the operations performed by the method as described above.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides a battery system.
Referring to fig. 7, a schematic diagram of a battery system including one or more memories 704, one or more processors 702, and at least one computer program (computer program instructions) stored on the memories 704 and executable on the processors 702, the processor 702 implementing the methods as described above when executing the computer program, according to one embodiment of the application is shown.
Where in FIG. 7 a bus architecture (represented by bus 700), bus 700 may comprise any number of interconnected buses and bridges, with bus 700 linking together various circuits, including one or more processors, as represented by processor 702, and memory, as represented by memory 704. Bus 700 may also link together various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, power management circuits, etc., as are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be described further herein. Bus interface 705 provides an interface between bus 700 and receiver 701 and transmitter 703. The receiver 701 and the transmitter 703 may be the same element, i.e. a transceiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other apparatus over a transmission medium. The processor 702 is responsible for managing the bus 700 and general processing, while the memory 704 may be used to store data used by the processor 702 in performing operations.
The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software that is executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope and spirit of the present application and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described above may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwired, or a combination of any of these. In addition, each functional unit may be integrated in one processing unit, each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technology content may be implemented in other manners. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely exemplary, and the division of the units, for example, may be a logic function division, and may be implemented in another manner, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be through some interfaces, units or modules, or may be in electrical or other forms.
The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components as control devices may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied in essence or a part contributing to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a usb disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing computer program instructions.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and variations may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method of determining a state of health of a battery, the method comprising:
acquiring actual charging data and environmental temperature of a target battery in a current charging process, wherein charging current in the current charging process meets a step constant current, and the actual charging data comprises a corresponding relation between battery voltage and charging time;
according to a preset selection rule, selecting battery voltages at two different charging moments from the actual charging data to obtain a first battery voltage and a second battery voltage;
determining a first health degree by searching pre-constructed sample charging data based on the ambient temperature, wherein the sample charging data is obtained by performing a step constant current charging test on a plurality of sample batteries, and the sample charging data comprises charge state value-battery voltage curves at different temperatures;
A target health of the target battery is determined based on the first health.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the actual charging data further includes a correspondence between a state of charge value and a charging time, and the selecting, according to a preset selection rule, a battery voltage at two different charging times from the actual charging data, to obtain a first battery voltage and a second battery voltage includes:
selecting a first charging time and a second charging time based on the actual charging data; the state of charge value of the target battery at the first charging moment is smaller than a first set value or larger than a second set value, the state of charge value of the target battery at the second charging moment is smaller than the first set value or larger than the second set value, and the second set value is larger than the first set value;
taking the battery voltage of the target battery at the first charging moment as the first battery voltage;
and taking the battery voltage of the target battery at the second charging moment as the second battery voltage.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the current charging process includes a plurality of constant current charging phases, the actual charging data further includes a correspondence between constant current charging phases and charging moments, and a correspondence between state of charge values and constant current charging phases, the method further comprising:
The first constant current charging stage corresponding to the first charging time is not a second constant current charging stage and a first constant current charging stage of the current charging process, and the second constant current charging stage is a constant current charging stage corresponding to the state of charge value of the target battery being the second set value;
the third constant current charging stage corresponding to the second charging time is not the second constant current charging stage and the first constant current charging stage.
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:
the first constant current charging stage is adjacent to the third constant current charging stage;
the time length of the first charging time from the starting time of the first constant current charging stage is longer than a preset time;
the time length of the second charging time from the starting time of the third constant current charging stage is longer than the preset time.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first charging time instant is less than the second charging time instant; the first constant current charging phase is adjacent to the first constant current charging phase or the second constant current charging phase.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining a first health by looking up pre-constructed sample charge data based on the ambient temperature, the first battery voltage and the second battery voltage comprises:
Determining a target state of charge value-battery voltage curve from the sample charge data that matches the ambient temperature;
determining a first sample state of charge value corresponding to the first battery voltage from the target state of charge value-battery voltage curve;
determining a second sample state of charge value corresponding to the second battery voltage from the target state of charge value-battery voltage curve;
the first health is determined based on the first sample state of charge value and the second sample state of charge value.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the actual charge data further comprises a correspondence of state of charge values to battery voltages, wherein the determining the first health based on the first sample state of charge value and the second sample state of charge value comprises:
determining a first actual state of charge value corresponding to the first battery voltage and a second actual state of charge value corresponding to the second battery voltage from the actual charging data;
determining the first health degree according to the following formula:
SOH 1 ＝(SOC 11 -SOC 12 )/(SOC 21 -SOC 22 )*100％
wherein SOH 1 Indicating a first health degree, SOC 11 Representing the first actual state of charge value, SOC 12 Representing the second actual state of charge value, SOC 21 Representing the first sample state of charge value, SOC 22 Representing the second sample state of charge value.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the target health of the target battery based on the first health comprises:
acquiring the current accumulated charge-discharge cycle times of the target battery and the total charge-discharge cycle times obtained in advance through a cycle test;
calculating to obtain a second health degree based on the current accumulated charge-discharge cycle times and the total charge-discharge cycle times;
a target health of the target battery is determined based on the first health and the second health.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the determining the target health of the target battery based on the first health and the second health comprises:
acquiring a first weight corresponding to the first health degree;
acquiring a second weight corresponding to the second health degree, wherein the second weight is smaller than the first weight;
and determining the target health degree of the target battery based on the first health degree, the first weight, the second health degree and the second weight.
10. A device for determining a state of health of a battery, the device comprising:
the device comprises an acquisition unit, a charging control unit and a charging control unit, wherein the acquisition unit is used for acquiring actual charging data and environmental temperature of a target battery in a current charging process, the charging current in the current charging process meets a step constant current, and the actual charging data comprises a corresponding relation between battery voltage and charging time;
the selecting unit is used for selecting the battery voltages at two different charging moments from the actual charging data according to a preset selecting rule to obtain a first battery voltage and a second battery voltage;
the first determining unit is used for determining a first health degree by searching pre-constructed sample charging data based on the ambient temperature, wherein the sample charging data is obtained by performing a step constant current charging test on a plurality of sample batteries, and the sample charging data comprises charge state value-battery voltage curves at different temperatures;
and a second determining unit configured to determine a target health degree of the target battery based on the first health degree.
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