CN117326766A - Application of plasma coupling peroxyacetic acid in removing heavy metal pollutants in sludge - Google Patents
Application of plasma coupling peroxyacetic acid in removing heavy metal pollutants in sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN117326766A CN117326766A CN202311405403.XA CN202311405403A CN117326766A CN 117326766 A CN117326766 A CN 117326766A CN 202311405403 A CN202311405403 A CN 202311405403A CN 117326766 A CN117326766 A CN 117326766A
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- sludge
- heavy metal
- plasma
- peracetic acid
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- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 30
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001723 carbon free-radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/006—Electrochemical treatment, e.g. electro-oxidation or electro-osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/06—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/22—Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/10—Solids, e.g. total solids [TS], total suspended solids [TSS] or volatile solids [VS]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an application of plasma coupling peroxyacetic acid to remove heavy metal pollutants in sludge, which comprises the following steps: (1) Adding peracetic acid into sludge containing heavy metal pollutants to obtain sludge containing peracetic acid; (2) Carrying out plasma treatment on the sludge containing the peracetic acid obtained in the step (1); (3) separating mud from water to obtain treated sludge. The plasma treatment and the peracetic acid have obvious synergistic effect, and the combination of the two can obviously improve the removal effect of the separate peracetic acid treatment and the separate plasma treatment on chromium and lead as heavy metal pollutants in sludge. The method has simple and convenient operation, no secondary pollution and great industrial application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to application of plasma coupling peroxyacetic acid to removal of heavy metal pollutants in sludge.
Background
In the wastewater treatment process of a sewage treatment plant, part of toxic and harmful substances in the sewage can be transferred into sludge along with the removal of particulate matters, and finally discharged in the form of surplus sludge (sludge). The residual sludge has complex components and double characteristics of pollution and resource, is rich in available resources such as carbohydrate, protein and the like, and also contains heavy metals enriched in sewage treatment processes.
The disposal modes of the sludge mainly comprise landfill, incineration, sea dumping, agricultural utilization and the like, and the sludge contains rich plant nutrient elements of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matters, can be prepared into fertilizer, and is most economically feasible as agricultural utilization. However, the utilization rate of the current sludge is not high, and the important reason is that the heavy metal content in the sludge generated by a sewage treatment plant is high, elements such as Cr, pb and the like often exceed standards, and the existence of the heavy metal greatly limits the recycling of the sludge and can cause resource waste. If no harmless treatment is performed, the heavy metals in the sludge are stacked or buried in time, and the leaching of the heavy metals can pollute the land, the river, the lake and the groundwater, so that secondary pollution is caused, and the problem of large environmental risk exists.
The existing technology for removing heavy metals in sludge mainly comprises a chemical leaching method, a bioleaching method, an electrochemical method and the like, wherein the chemical leaching method is complex in operation and high in cost, and part of chemical reagents can cause secondary pollution (such as acid pollution caused by inorganic acid and pollution caused by chelating agent residues), the bioleaching method is long in treatment period, and the electrochemical method is limited in industrial application due to the problems of cathode region precipitation, electrode plate corrosion, passivation and the like. With the rapid development of cities, the output scale of the surplus sludge in China is continuously enlarged, and the treatment cost of a sewage plant is greatly increased by sludge treatment, so that a method for removing heavy metal pollutants in the sludge by taking economic benefit and environmental ecological benefit into consideration is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide an application of plasma coupling peroxyacetic acid to remove heavy metal pollutants in sludge, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows: the application of plasma coupling peroxyacetic acid in removing heavy metal pollutants in sludge.
Further, the heavy metal contaminant is chromium or lead.
Further, the heavy metal contaminants are chromium and lead.
Further, the sludge is the sludge of a secondary sedimentation tank of a municipal sewage treatment plant, and the TS value of the sludge is 3-20 g/L.
Further, the concentration of the peroxyacetic acid in the sludge is 5-100 mg/gVSS; the plasma is treated with an atmospheric pressure jet low temperature plasma (APPJ). The concentration of the peroxyacetic acid is too low, and the concentration of generated carbon free radicals is too low, so that the removal of pollutants is not facilitated; the concentration of the peracetic acid is too high, electrons generated by plasma can be competed with target pollutants, and the pH value of the solution is reduced along with the increase of the addition amount of the peracetic acid, so that the acid-base balance of the treated solution is not facilitated.
Further, the concentration of peracetic acid in the sludge is preferably 25mg/gVSS.
Further, the discharge current of the plasma is 1 to 4A. When the output power is too low, the electric field intensity is low, the electron density is low, and the activation of the peroxyacetic acid to generate carbon free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals and the like is not facilitated; when the output power is too high, a large amount of energy is dissipated in the form of heat, the energy utilization efficiency is reduced, and the pollutant is not degraded efficiently and energy-effectively.
Further, the discharge current of the plasma is preferably 2.6A.
Further, the plasma treatment time is 1 to 30 minutes. The treatment time is too short, and the degradation rate of pollutants is low; the longer the treatment time, the more the temperature of the treated solution exceeds the ambient temperature, causing thermal pollution, and the lower the pH of the treated solution, the more acid pollution.
Further, the plasma treatment time is preferably 2 minutes.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding peracetic acid into sludge containing heavy metal pollutants to obtain sludge containing peracetic acid;
(2) Carrying out plasma treatment on the sludge containing the peracetic acid obtained in the step (1);
(3) And separating mud from water to obtain treated sludge.
Further, the sludge is stirred while the plasma treatment is performed in the step (2).
Further, in the step (2), the sludge is stirred by a magnetic stirrer.
The beneficial effects are that:
1) The method has simple process and simple and convenient operation method, only needs to add the peracetic acid and then put the sludge to be treated into a container, adjusts corresponding input voltage and current to perform atmospheric pressure jet type low-temperature plasma discharge, has strong operability in practical application, and is suitable for industrial application;
2) The plasma treatment and the peracetic acid have obvious synergistic effect, and the combination of the two can obviously improve the removal effect of the separate peracetic acid treatment and the separate plasma treatment on chromium and lead which are heavy metal pollutants in the sludge;
3) The treatment method has short reaction time and high removal efficiency, and when the concentration of heavy metal lead in the sludge is 3.85mg/kg, the treatment is only needed for 2 minutes, and the removal rate of lead reaches 99.7%; the peracetic acid used in the invention is cheap and easy to obtain, the energy consumption can be further reduced by the shorter treatment time, the treatment cost is lower, and the economic benefit is realized;
4) The method does not generate toxic byproducts in the treatment process, electrons, free radicals and the like generated in the low-temperature plasma treatment process can not cause secondary pollution to the environment, and the treatment method is harmless to the environment and has environmental protection benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the comparison of the contents of heavy metals Cr and Pb in treated sludge in example 1 and comparative examples 1-3.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
In this case, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not greatly related to the present invention are omitted.
In the following examples and comparative examples, unless otherwise specified, the use of conventional commercially available feedstock products or conventional processing techniques in the art is indicated.
The excess sludge used in the following examples and comparative examples was taken from the secondary sedimentation tank of a municipal sewage plant in Shanghai city. The plant adopts an inverted A/A/O denitrification and dephosphorization process, and the treatment scale is 13.8 ten thousand meters 3 And/d, service population about 70 ten thousand. The recovered sludge is thinner and contains more impurities, the supernatant is led out and collected by a siphoning method after standing and settling for about 4 hours, and the settled concentrated sludge is filtered by a steel screen to remove large-particle inorganic matters such as gravel, scum and the like. Determining the total solids concentration (TS) of the concentrated filtered sludge and diluting with supernatantAnd regulating the concentration to 15g/L, and controlling the TS value of the sludge to be equal in an error range. This concentration-controlled unified sludge was used as the raw sludge in the following examples and comparative examples.
The instrument and equipment models used in the following examples and comparative examples are as follows:
jet low temperature plasma instrument PSPT-JSP1-10 Nanj Perspet electronic technology Co., ltd
Magnetic stirrer 84-1A Shanghai Sele instruments Co., ltd
In order to prevent the plasma jet reaction from being too severe and avoid energy waste, various parameters of a jet low-temperature plasma device are adapted to the sludge amount (200 mL) to be treated by a reaction system, and the gas flow rate (8.6 m/s), the gas flow tube (26L/min, the gas conveying diameter is 8 mm), the current (2.6A) and the magnetic stirring rotating speed (150 r/min) are determined. For controlling the variables, the plasma plume morphology was made substantially uniform in the following examples and comparative examples, each using the above-described equipment parameters.
Example 1
200mL of sludge liquid is taken, peroxyacetic acid is added to enable the concentration of the peroxyacetic acid in the sludge liquid to be 25mg/gVSS, then the sludge liquid is subjected to atmospheric pressure jet type low-temperature plasma discharge treatment, the discharge current is 2.6A, a magnetic stirrer is used for stirring the sludge in the discharge treatment process, and sludge-water separation is carried out after 2 minutes of treatment, so that the treated sludge is obtained.
Comparative example 1
Taking 200mL of sludge liquid and standing.
Comparative example 2
200mL of sludge liquid is taken, peroxyacetic acid is added to enable the concentration of the peroxyacetic acid in the sludge liquid to be 25mg/gVSS, then a magnetic stirrer is used for stirring, and after 2 minutes of treatment, mud-water separation is carried out to obtain treated sludge.
Comparative example 3
200mL of sludge liquid is taken, the sludge liquid is subjected to atmospheric pressure jet type low-temperature plasma discharge treatment, the discharge current is 2.6A, the sludge is stirred by using a magnetic stirrer in the discharge treatment process, and after 2 minutes of treatment, mud-water separation is carried out, so that the treated sludge is obtained.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 shows a graph of the contents of heavy metals Cr and Pb in the treated sludge for a treatment time of 2min, example 1 (APPJ/PAA) and comparative example 1 (control), comparative example 2 (mono-PAA), and comparative example 3 (mono-APPJ), and it is understood that the reduction of the contents of heavy metals Cr and Pb in the sludge is more remarkable in the plasma-coupled peroxyacetic acid treated sludge than in the peroxyacetic acid alone and the plasma alone.
Calculated from the data of fig. 1: when the treatment time is 2min, the removal rate of the separate peroxyacetic acid to Cr in the sludge is 14.0 percent, the removal rate of the separate plasma treatment to Cr in the sludge is 15.2 percent, and the removal rate of the plasma coupling peroxyacetic acid to heavy metal Cr in the sludge is 26.0 percent. In comparison, the effect of removing heavy metal Cr in sludge by coupling the plasma with the peroxyacetic acid is optimal. The removal rate of the separate peracetic acid to Pb in the sludge is 34.3%, the removal rate of the separate plasma treatment to Pb in the sludge is 91.4%, and the removal rate of the plasma coupling peracetic acid to heavy metal Pb in the sludge is 99.7%. In comparison, the effect of removing heavy metal Pb in sludge by coupling the plasma with the peroxyacetic acid is optimal.
Compared with the prior art, the specific embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
1) The method has simple process and simple and convenient operation method, only needs to add the peracetic acid and then put the sludge to be treated into a container, adjusts corresponding input voltage and current to perform atmospheric pressure jet type low-temperature plasma discharge, has strong operability in practical application, and is suitable for industrial application;
2) The plasma treatment and the peracetic acid have obvious synergistic effect, and the combination of the two can obviously improve the removal effect of the separate peracetic acid treatment and the separate plasma treatment on chromium and lead which are heavy metal pollutants in the sludge;
3) The treatment method has short reaction time and high removal efficiency, and when the concentration of heavy metal lead in the sludge is 3.85mg/kg, the treatment is only needed for 2 minutes, and the removal rate of lead reaches 99.7%; the peracetic acid used in the invention is cheap and easy to obtain, the energy consumption can be further reduced by the shorter treatment time, the treatment cost is lower, and the economic benefit is realized;
4) The method does not generate toxic byproducts in the treatment process, electrons, free radicals and the like generated in the low-temperature plasma treatment process can not cause secondary pollution to the environment, and the treatment method is harmless to the environment and has environmental protection benefits.
While the invention has been shown and described with respect to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The application of plasma coupling peroxyacetic acid in removing heavy metal pollutants in sludge.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the heavy metal contaminant is chromium or lead.
3. The use according to claim 1, wherein the heavy metal contaminants are chromium and lead.
4. Use according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the sludge is of a secondary sedimentation tank of a municipal sewage treatment plant, the sludge having a TS value of 3-20 g/L.
5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the concentration of peracetic acid in the sludge is 5-100 mg/gVSS; the plasma is treated with an atmospheric pressure jet type low temperature plasma.
6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the discharge current of the plasma is 1-4A.
7. The use according to claim 6, wherein the plasma treatment time is 1 to 30 minutes.
8. The use according to claim 5, characterized by the steps of:
(1) Adding peracetic acid into sludge containing heavy metal pollutants to obtain sludge containing peracetic acid;
(2) Carrying out plasma treatment on the sludge containing the peracetic acid obtained in the step (1);
(3) And separating mud from water to obtain treated sludge.
9. The use according to claim 8, wherein the sludge is stirred at the same time as the plasma treatment in step (2).
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein in step (2) the sludge is stirred with a magnetic stirrer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311405403.XA CN117326766A (en) | 2023-10-26 | 2023-10-26 | Application of plasma coupling peroxyacetic acid in removing heavy metal pollutants in sludge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311405403.XA CN117326766A (en) | 2023-10-26 | 2023-10-26 | Application of plasma coupling peroxyacetic acid in removing heavy metal pollutants in sludge |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117326766A true CN117326766A (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311405403.XA Pending CN117326766A (en) | 2023-10-26 | 2023-10-26 | Application of plasma coupling peroxyacetic acid in removing heavy metal pollutants in sludge |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117326766A (en) |
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| CN114249411A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-29 | 东华大学 | Method for advanced treatment of organic micropollutants in landfill leachate by coupling biochar with peroxyacetic acid |
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- 2023-10-26 CN CN202311405403.XA patent/CN117326766A/en active Pending
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