CN1173241C - Computer-controlled fast linear conducting sample temperature raising unit - Google Patents
Computer-controlled fast linear conducting sample temperature raising unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN1173241C CN1173241C CNB001360582A CN00136058A CN1173241C CN 1173241 C CN1173241 C CN 1173241C CN B001360582 A CNB001360582 A CN B001360582A CN 00136058 A CN00136058 A CN 00136058A CN 1173241 C CN1173241 C CN 1173241C
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- amplifier
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- transistor
- operational amplifier
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a computer-controlled fast linear temperature rise device for a conducting sample, which is controlled by a computer and is composed of a preamplifier, a current amplifier and a numeral converting circuit. The temperature signal of a reaction sample is transferred to the computer passing through the preamplifier and an analog-digital converting circuit. The computer uses a control algorithm to calculate the control quantity which is converted into the analogue quantity by the analog-digital converting circuit to carry out output. The output terminal of the computer is connected with the input terminal of the current amplifier, the output terminal of the current amplifier is connected with a tantalum wire heating element in ultrahigh vacuum, and the tantalum wire heating element heats the sample by heat conduction. The present invention integrates temperature control and data acquisition into a whole and has the advantages of high temperature control precision, high temperature rise rate, wide range of temperature rise and good linearity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of computer-controlled fast linear conducting sample temperature raising unit in the ultrahigh vacuum thermal desorption spectroscopy, TDS that is applicable to.
Background technology
Thermal desorption experiment under the ultrahigh vacuum is conducting sample mostly, and the direct current resistance of itself is very little, and the heating of sample, annealing generally all require fast linear to heat up.At present, the general electric furnace that adopts of heating by control 220V voltage, is disconnected by computer hardwares such as manual operation intensification instrument, data acquisition and control, and can only control conventional calandria, but the intensification of uncontrollable electric conduction of heating sample.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of accuracy of temperature control height, heating rate height, wide ranges, good, the computer-controlled fast linear conducting sample temperature raising unit of the linearity.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: be made up of computing machine, prime amplifier, current amplifier, analog to digital converter, digital to analog converter, the temperature signal of conducting sample is sent to computing machine through prime amplifier, analog to digital converter, in computing machine, adopt control algolithm, calculate controlled quentity controlled variable and be converted to analog quantity output by digital to analog converter, the output terminal of computing machine is received the input end of current amplifier, the output terminal of current amplifier is received the tantalum silk calandria in the ultrahigh vacuum, comes heated sample by heat conduction; Wherein: conducting sample is placed on the calandria tantalum wire in the ultra high vacuum container;
Described current amplifier comprises: transformer, the bridge rectifier of forming by the first～four diode, the wave filter of forming by the first～two electric capacity, by feedback resistance, second～four-operational amplifier, the first～two relay, the current foldback circuit that the time relay and the 12～13 transistors are formed, by the first～ten semiconductor triode of parallel connection be located at the power amplifier that the first～ten resistance of its emitter is formed, the control circuit of forming by first operational amplifier and the 14 transistor, wherein: the transformer input connects city's alternating current, output terminal is through bridge rectifier, wave filter is to the power amplifier input end, described power amplifier control end, the 14 transistor output terminal from control circuit, the power amplifier output terminal, be connected with tantalum wire through feedback resistance, described feedback resistance two ends connect to the overcurrent protector second, behind the four-operational amplifier respectively to the 12～13 transistor, the 12 transistor is connected with the time relay with the first～two relay, the first～two relay other end is to transformer, the 13 transistor collector control end is from the node D place of first operational amplifier and the 14 transistor in the control circuit, the 3rd operational amplifier positive terminal, or links to each other with second operational amplifier output to the four-operational amplifier negative phase end that is provided with overcurrent protection second potentiometer through second switch; The first operational amplifier positive terminal in the control circuit links to each other with computing machine through first switch, or links to each other with manual control first potentiometer;
Described computer-controlled program is: operation beginning at first will be imported controlled variable such as heating rate, maximum temperature, in the program run by on certain cycle collected specimens temperature signal, according to the difference Δ T of the temperature T s that sets with actual temperature Tp
N, calculate controlled quentity controlled variable Y=P
1* { Δ T
N+ T* (∑ Δ T)/P
2+ P
3* (Δ T
N-Δ T
(N-1))/T}, wherein P
1, P
2, P
3Be respectively the regulation and control parameter, Δ T is for the first time to the n time temperature difference sum that adds up, calculate controlled quentity controlled variable and output back preservation data at every turn, and judge whether to press stop key, whether reach maximum temperature, do not stop, when not reaching maximum temperature, continue the temperature signal on the collected specimens, otherwise judge whether to restart.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. the present invention computerizeds control.Integrate temperature control and data acquisition, greatly facilitate data processing method, adopt suitable control algolithm, improved temperature control precision, have characteristics such as heating rate height, intensification wide ranges and the linearity are good, heating rate scope 1～80K/Sec, intensification scope 100～1500K.
2. the present invention is suitable for the linear temperature increase of conducting sample.Its intensification linearity is ± 0.5K, its fast linear temperature programme be general temperature controller can't reach; This device can manually be controlled again in programmed control, and has overcurrent protection function, can set protective current arbitrarily, prevents the excessive infringement sample of output current.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a control program process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a current amplifier circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the intensification straight line of friction speed.
Fig. 5 be at room temperature CO at the desorption by heating spectrogram of clean Pt (110) surface adsorption.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing structure of the present invention and principle of work are described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, form by computing machine, prime amplifier, current amplifier, analog to digital converter, digital to analog converter, the temperature signal of conducting sample 6 is sent to computing machine 3 through prime amplifier 1, analog to digital converter 2, in computing machine 3, adopt control algolithm, calculate controlled quentity controlled variable and be converted to analog quantity output by digital to analog converter 4, the output terminal of computing machine 3 is received the input end of current amplifier 5, the output terminal of current amplifier 5 is received the tantalum silk calandria in the ultrahigh vacuum, comes heated sample by heat conduction;
As shown in Figure 3, described current amplifier 5 comprises: transformer Tr, the bridge rectifier of being made up of the first～four diode D1-D4, the wave filter of being made up of the first～two capacitor C 1, C2, by feedback resistance R
fSecond～four-operational amplifier A2～A4; the first～two relay P1; P2; the current foldback circuit that time relay P3 and the 12～13 transistor T12～T13 forms; by the first～ten semiconductor triode T1～T11 of parallel connection be located at the power amplifier that the first～ten resistance R, the 1～R10 of its emitter forms; the control circuit of forming by first operational amplifier A 1 and the 14 transistor T14; wherein: transformer Tr input connects city's alternating current; output terminal is through bridge rectifier; wave filter is to the power amplifier input end; described power amplifier control end is the A point; the 14 transistor T14 output terminal from control circuit; the power amplifier output terminal is the E point, through feedback resistance R
fBe connected described feedback resistance R with tantalum wire 7
fTwo ends connect to the overcurrent protector second, four-operational amplifier A2, behind the A4 respectively to the 12～13 transistor T12～T13, the 12 transistor T12 is connected with time relay P3 with the first～two relay P1～P2, the first～two relay P1, the P2 other end is to transformer Tr, the 13 transistor T13 collector control end is from the node D place of first operational amplifier A 1 and the 14 transistor T14 in the control circuit, the 3rd operational amplifier A 3 positive terminal, or link to each other with the output of second operational amplifier A 2 to the four-operational amplifier A4 negative phase end that is provided with the overcurrent protection second potentiometer SW2 through second switch K2; First operational amplifier A, 1 positive terminal in the control circuit links to each other with computing machine through first K switch 1, or links to each other with the manual control first potentiometer SW1;
As shown in Figure 2, described computer-controlled program is: the operation beginning at first will be imported controlled variable such as heating rate, maximum temperature, in the program run by on certain period T collected specimens temperature signal, according to the difference Δ T of the temperature T s that sets with actual temperature Tp
N, calculate controlled quentity controlled variable Y=P
1* { Δ T
N+ T* (∑ Δ T)/P
2+ P
3* (Δ TN-Δ T
(N-1))/T}, wherein P
1, P
2, P
3Be respectively the regulation and control parameter, Δ T is for the first time to the n time temperature difference sum that adds up, calculate controlled quentity controlled variable and output back preservation data at every turn, and judge whether to press stop key, whether reach maximum temperature, do not stop, when not reaching maximum temperature, continue the temperature signal on the collected specimens, otherwise judge whether to restart.
As shown in Figure 4, the intensification situation of table three kind of different heating rates, its intensification linearity is ± 0.5K;
As shown in Figure 5, at room temperature CO is in the desorption by heating spectrum of clean Pt (110) surface adsorption, and heating rate is 8K/sec.
Principle of work of the present invention is:
Analyzed conducting sample is placed on the calandria tantalum wire 7 of 8 li of ultra high vacuum containers, select different thermopairs to come detected temperatures according to the intensification scope, the thermopair electric welding is at the back side of sample 6, the thermoelectrical potential of thermopair output outputs to the analog to digital converter 2 with photoelectricity isolation, multi-channel conversion circuit by 0～5V signal that temperature prime amplifier 1 is enlarged into standard, be sent to computing machine 3 then, by the input end of digital to analog converter output 0～10V control signal to current amplifier;
The 220V alternating voltage drops to 10V through transformer Tr, and rectifying and wave-filtering becomes about 14V DC voltage then.Current amplifier is that input end C is added with the 14V DC voltage, output terminal E is connected with tantalum wire 7, and control end B is controlled by the control signal control of computing machine 3 outputs, the output current of power amplifier is big when control signal is big, when control signal hour output current is little, reach the temperature of control sample 6 thus; 80 amperes of the maximum output currents of current amplifier, 6 volts of output voltages, the heating of suitable especially conducting sample 6;
Current amplifier can also can manually be controlled by computing machine 3 controls.First K switch 1 is placed 2 positions, regulate the heating-up temperature that the first potentiometer SW1 can manually control sample 6; Second switch K2 is placed 2 positions, regulate the second potentiometer SW2 and can set protective current, whenever heating current during greater than protective current; circuit meeting automatic cutout circuit; after waiting for certain hour, recover normal condition again, can continue heating by RESET knob circuit.
The time relay of the present invention adopts H3FA, and the first～ten semiconductor triode T1～T11 adopts 2SD114, and the 12～14 transistor T12～T14 adopts 2SC959, and first～four-operational amplifier A1～A4 adopts MC1458CP.
Claims (3)
1. computer-controlled fast linear conducting sample temperature raising unit, it is characterized in that: by computing machine, prime amplifier, current amplifier, analog to digital converter, digital to analog converter is formed, with the temperature signal of conducting sample (6) through prime amplifier (1), analog to digital converter (2) is sent to computing machine (3), in computing machine (3), adopt control algolithm, calculate controlled quentity controlled variable and be converted to analog quantity output by digital to analog converter (4), the output terminal of computing machine (3) is received the input end of current amplifier (5), the output terminal of current amplifier (5) is received tantalum wire (7) calandria in the ultrahigh vacuum, comes heated sample by heat conduction; Wherein: conducting sample is placed on the calandria tantalum wire (7) of ultra high vacuum container (8) lining.
2. according to the described computer-controlled fast linear conducting sample temperature raising unit of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described current amplifier (5) comprising: transformer (Tr), by the first～four diode (bridge rectifier of D1～D4) form, the wave filter of forming by the first～two electric capacity (C1, C2), by feedback resistance (R
f); second～four-operational amplifier (A2～A4); the first～two relay (P1; P2); the time relay (P3) and the 12～13 transistor (current foldback circuit that T12～T13) forms; by the first～ten semiconductor triode of parallel connection (T1～T11) and be located at the first～ten resistance (power amplifier of R1～R10) form of its emitter; the control circuit of forming by first operational amplifier (A1) and the 14 transistor (T14); wherein: transformer (Tr) input connects city's alternating current; output terminal is through bridge rectifier; wave filter is to the power amplifier input end; described power amplifier control end; the 14 transistor (T14) output terminal from control circuit; the power amplifier output terminal is through feedback resistance (R
f) be connected described feedback resistance (R with tantalum wire (7)
f) two ends connect to the overcurrent protector second, four-operational amplifier (A2, A4) after respectively to the 12～13 transistor (T12～T13), the 12 transistor (T12) and the first～two relay (P1～P2) be connected with the time relay (P3), the first～two relay (P1, P2) other end is to transformer (Tr), the 13 transistor (T13) collector control end is from the node D place of first operational amplifier (A1) in the control circuit with the 14 transistor (T14), the 3rd operational amplifier (A3) positive terminal, or links to each other with second operational amplifier (A2) output to four-operational amplifier (A4) negative phase end that is provided with overcurrent protection second potentiometer (SW2) through second switch (K2); First operational amplifier (A1) positive terminal in the control circuit links to each other with computing machine through first switch (K1), or links to each other with manual control first potentiometer (SW1).
3. by the described computer-controlled fast linear conducting sample temperature raising unit of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described computer-controlled program is: the operation beginning at first will be imported controlled variable, be heating rate or maximum temperature, in the program run by on certain period T collected specimens temperature signal, according to the difference Δ T of the temperature T s that sets with actual temperature Tp
N, calculate controlled quentity controlled variable Y=P
1* { Δ T
N+ T* (∑ Δ T)/P
2+ P
3* (Δ T
N-Δ T
(N-1))/T}, wherein P
1, P
2, P
3Be respectively the regulation and control parameter, Δ T is for the first time to the n time temperature difference sum that adds up, calculate controlled quentity controlled variable and output back preservation data at every turn, and judge whether to press stop key, whether reach maximum temperature, do not stop, when not reaching maximum temperature, continue the temperature signal on the collected specimens, otherwise judge whether to restart.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001360582A CN1173241C (en) | 2000-12-30 | 2000-12-30 | Computer-controlled fast linear conducting sample temperature raising unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001360582A CN1173241C (en) | 2000-12-30 | 2000-12-30 | Computer-controlled fast linear conducting sample temperature raising unit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1362653A CN1362653A (en) | 2002-08-07 |
| CN1173241C true CN1173241C (en) | 2004-10-27 |
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ID=4597059
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB001360582A Expired - Fee Related CN1173241C (en) | 2000-12-30 | 2000-12-30 | Computer-controlled fast linear conducting sample temperature raising unit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1173241C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102519781A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-06-27 | 南京金塔高速分析仪器有限公司 | Automatic sample dissolving device |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102955482B (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2015-04-22 | 中国科学技术大学 | Intelligent linear temperature rise control method |
| CN108427453A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-08-21 | 南京大学 | The automation temperature control system and method for sample heat treatment process under a kind of ultrahigh vacuum |
| CN110895287B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2021-02-12 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Vacuum interconnected surface analysis device and use method thereof |
| CN113358938B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-04-19 | 南通大学 | Rapid dielectric temperature spectrum testing method |
| CN113865784A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-31 | 成都国光电气股份有限公司 | Wide-range thermocouple vacuum gauge |
-
2000
- 2000-12-30 CN CNB001360582A patent/CN1173241C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102519781A (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2012-06-27 | 南京金塔高速分析仪器有限公司 | Automatic sample dissolving device |
| CN102519781B (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2014-07-30 | 南京金塔高速分析仪器有限公司 | Automatic sample dissolving device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1362653A (en) | 2002-08-07 |
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