CN117323037A - Orthodontic anchorage nail implantation auxiliary device, design method and system thereof and forming method - Google Patents
Orthodontic anchorage nail implantation auxiliary device, design method and system thereof and forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117323037A CN117323037A CN202311342433.0A CN202311342433A CN117323037A CN 117323037 A CN117323037 A CN 117323037A CN 202311342433 A CN202311342433 A CN 202311342433A CN 117323037 A CN117323037 A CN 117323037A
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000004746 tooth root Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000746 body region Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 210000004513 dentition Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 13
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/002—Orthodontic computer assisted systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/02—Tools for manipulating or working with an orthodontic appliance
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0089—Implanting tools or instruments
- A61C8/009—Implanting tools or instruments for selecting the right implanting element, e.g. templates
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an orthodontic anchorage nail implantation auxiliary device, a design method and a system thereof and a forming method. The auxiliary device includes: a positioning template for wearing on teeth, the template being provided with an installation base; the guide piece is arranged in a split mode with the template and is provided with a guide end and a fixed end, the guide end is provided with a guide cylinder, the fixed end is fixedly assembled on the mounting base, and the central axis of the guide cylinder limits the implantation position and angle of the anchorage nail. The design method comprises the following steps: acquiring a digital three-dimensional model of an oral cavity; determining the implantation axis of the anchorage pin based on the tooth root three-dimensional data contained in the oral cavity digital three-dimensional model; acquiring datum plane data of a guide piece and central axis data of a guide cylinder; the central axis data is matched with the implantation axis, and a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template is generated based on the dental crown three-dimensional data. The invention ensures the auxiliary effect of implantation of the anchorage nail and reduces the design difficulty and cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tooth correction, in particular to an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation auxiliary device, a design method and a design system thereof, a forming method and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
In orthodontic treatment, patients who need maximum anchorage or cannot provide required anchorage by conventional anchorage, such as overall distal movement of dentition or more pressing movement of posterior teeth, are often encountered, and at this time, stronger anchorage can be obtained by implanting anchorage nails.
However, the direct implantation of the anchorage pin requires high clinical skills, for example, the anchorage pin is stably implanted according to the target position and the target angle, and it is often difficult for a primary doctor or a general practitioner to perform, so that the auxiliary device plays an extremely important role in the anchorage pin implantation operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the direct implantation of the anchorage pin needs higher medical clinical skills, the invention aims to provide an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation auxiliary device, a design method and a design system thereof, a forming method thereof and a computer readable storage medium based on a reasonable anchorage pin implantation auxiliary device design method, which can simplify the preparation flow of the auxiliary device and reduce the design difficulty, processing cost and difficulty of the auxiliary device.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment provides an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid. The auxiliary device includes:
a positioning template for wearing on teeth, the template being provided with an installation base; the method comprises the steps of,
the guide piece is arranged in a split mode with the template and is provided with a guide end and a fixed end, the guide end is provided with a guide cylinder, the fixed end is assembled on the installation base, and the implantation position and angle of the anchorage nail are limited by the central axis of the guide cylinder.
Preferably, the template is provided as a concealed dental socket formed by hot press molding of a diaphragm.
Preferably, the template is adapted to a complete dentition or to a portion of a dentition.
Preferably, the mounting base has a mounting surface, and the fixed end of the guide has a reference surface;
the reference surface of the guide piece has a standard morphology, and the mounting surface of the mounting base station has an adapting morphology matched with the standard morphology; or the mounting surface of the mounting base station has a standard morphology, and the reference surface of the guide piece has an adapting morphology matched with the standard morphology;
when the fixed end is assembled on the mounting base, the datum plane is attached to the mounting surface.
Preferably, the fixed end of the guide member and the mounting base are fixedly or detachably assembled by any mode of bonding, welding, riveting and interference fit; or, the template is provided with more than two installation base stations, the reference surface of the guide piece is matched with the appearance of the installation surface of any installation base station, and the fixed end of the guide piece is selectively and detachably installed on any one of the more than two installation base stations.
Preferably, the guide is set as a standard component, and the orientation of the mounting surface of the mounting base on the template is designed to be changed along with the implantation position and angle of the anchorage pin, so that the central axis of the guide cylinder of the guide is matched with the implantation position and angle of the anchorage pin when the reference surface of the guide is attached to the mounting surface of the mounting base.
Preferably, the guide end of the guide has an inner side disposed towards the template, the inner side being designed to vary with the actual topographical match of the outer surface of the template.
Preferably, the reference surface is adhered to the mounting surface by an adhesive.
Preferably, the guide end of the guide member has an inner side surface disposed toward the die plate, and the reference surfaces of the inner side surface and the fixed end are arranged in an L-shape.
Preferably, the mounting abutment is located in the posterior tooth region of the template, and the mounting surface is located at the occlusal surface of the template; alternatively, the mounting abutment is located in the anterior tooth region of the template and is configured as an extended flat guide structure with the mounting surface located thereon.
Preferably, the included angle between the mounting surface and the engagement surface is not greater than 45 °.
Preferably, the mounting base is further provided with a positioning protrusion protruding out of the mounting surface, and the fixed end of the guide piece is provided with a positioning concave hole concavely arranged on the reference surface; when the fixed end is assembled on the installation base, the positioning protrusion is inserted into the positioning concave hole.
Preferably, the positioning protrusion and the positioning concave hole are respectively arranged in at least two and are in one-to-one correspondence.
Preferably, the positioning protrusion is in interference fit with the positioning concave hole.
Preferably, the auxiliary device further comprises a protective tube inserted in the guide cylinder.
Preferably, the guide member is provided as an integral injection molding member or a 3D printing resin member, and the protective tube is provided as a metal member or an alloy member.
Preferably, the guide cylinder comprises a cylindrical body region and a non-cylindrical end region, and the protective tube has a cylindrical tube fitting the cylindrical body region and a rotation-stopping tube fitting the non-cylindrical end region.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment provides a method for designing an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid. The design method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a digital three-dimensional model of an oral cavity; the digital three-dimensional model of the oral cavity contains three-dimensional data of dental crowns and three-dimensional data of dental roots;
determining an implantation axis of the anchorage pin based on the tooth root three-dimensional data;
acquiring datum plane data of a guide piece and central axis data of a guide cylinder;
matching the central axis data with the implantation axis, and generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template based on the dental crown three-dimensional data; the three-dimensional model has a mounting surface that matches the topography of the reference surface.
Preferably, the step of "obtaining a digitized three-dimensional model of the oral cavity" specifically comprises:
collecting dental data containing three-dimensional data of dental crowns through an intraoral scanner or an extraoral scanner or a silica gel impression;
collecting maxillofacial data containing three-dimensional data of tooth roots through an oral cavity CBCT device;
fitting the dental data and the maxillofacial data to obtain an oral digitized three-dimensional model.
Preferably, the digitized three-dimensional model of the oral cavity contains gingival three-dimensional data;
in the step of matching the central axis data with the implantation axis and generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template based on the dental crown three-dimensional data, generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template based on the dental crown three-dimensional data and the gingival three-dimensional data;
The design method further comprises the steps of: generating inner side surface data of the guide piece matched with the appearance of the outer surface of the gum in the three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template, and designing the guide piece by combining the inner side surface data, the datum surface data and the central axis data of the guide cylinder.
Preferably, the step of "matching the central axis data with the implantation axis and generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template based on the crown three-dimensional data" is specifically configured to: a three-dimensional model of a positioning template having the mounting surface, or a three-dimensional model of a tooth having the mounting surface.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements steps in the design method.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment provides a system for designing an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid, the system including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program executable on the processor, the processor executing steps in the design method.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment provides a method for forming an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid. The molding method comprises the following steps:
preparing a guide piece;
using the guide piece as a standard piece, and adopting the design method to generate a three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template;
and forming the positioning template by adopting a 3D printing technology or film hot pressing according to a three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template.
Preferably, the step "preparing a guide" comprises in particular:
preparing an injection mold of the guide piece, and forming the guide piece by adopting an injection molding process;
alternatively, the guide is molded by 3D printing techniques according to a digitized model of the guide.
Preferably, the molding method further comprises the steps of:
preparing a protective tube by taking metal or alloy as a material to be processed and adopting a machining process; the protective tube is matched with the guide cylinder of the guide piece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: basically, the auxiliary device can assist in limiting the implantation position and the implantation angle of the anchorage nail in the anchorage nail implantation operation, so that the deviation of the implantation position or the implantation angle of the anchorage nail is avoided, and the problem that the direct implantation of the anchorage nail in the background technology needs higher medical clinical skills is solved; furthermore, on the basis of realizing the auxiliary effect, the guide piece and the positioning template are arranged in a split mode, and only the position and the angle of the installation base platform matched with the positioning template and the guide piece are required to be adjusted according to different cases, so that the design difficulty, the processing cost and the difficulty of the auxiliary device are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a concealed mouthpiece of an implant assist device for an anchorage pin in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a schematic view of the guide and guard tube of an embodiment of an implant assist device for an buttress pin according to the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic view of another view of the guide and guard tube of the auxiliary device for implantation of an buttress pin according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mouthpiece of an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid according to an embodiment of the present invention, when worn over a tooth, with a guide and a protective tube unassembled with the mouthpiece, with the main body portion of the mouthpiece omitted and only the mounting abutment left;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid in use, with the main body portion of the mouthpiece omitted and only the mounting abutment left;
FIG. 5 is a step diagram of a method of designing an implant assist device for an buttress pin according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a processor of a design system of an buttress pin implantation aid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a step diagram of a method of forming an implant assist device for an buttress pin according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples shown in the drawings. The examples are not intended to limit the invention and structural, methodological, or functional modifications of the invention based on these embodiments are within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides an auxiliary device 100 for providing a direct or indirect auxiliary effect in an implant operation of an anchorage pin in orthodontic treatment.
Wherein in one instance the auxiliary device 100 provides a direct assistance, e.g., the auxiliary device 100 is worn in the patient's mouth, the physician may pass through the hollow guide cylinder 21 of the auxiliary device 100, the implant tool head 9 is used to implant the support pin at a target angle to a target location in the patient's mouth, wherein the central axis of the hollow guide cylinder 21 is used to define the implant angle and implant location of the support pin.
In another case, the auxiliary device 100 provides an indirect auxiliary function, for example, the auxiliary device 100 is worn in the oral cavity of the patient, and a doctor can make a bottom hole at a target position of the oral cavity of the patient along a target angle through the hollow guide cylinder 21 of the auxiliary device 100 by using a tool bit, and then implant the anchorage pin into the bottom hole, wherein the central axis of the hollow guide cylinder 21 is used for defining the angle and the position of the bottom hole, and further defining the implantation angle and the implantation position of the anchorage pin.
In particular, referring to fig. 1 and 2a, the auxiliary device 100 includes a positioning template 10 and a guide 20.
Referring to fig. 1, a positioning template 10 is for wearing on a tooth for positioning the auxiliary device 100 as a whole with the tooth. The positioning template 10 has a receiving cavity that can receive a plurality of teeth. When worn on teeth, the positioning template 10 is wrapped around a plurality of teeth, i.e., the plurality of teeth are received in the receiving cavity.
Referring to fig. 2a, the guide 20 is provided with a guide cylinder 21, which guide cylinder 21 is, as the name implies, of a cylindrical structure, wherein the axis is used to define the implantation position and implantation angle of the staple during the staple implantation procedure.
The guide 20 is provided separately from the positioning die plate 10 and assembled together for use. Specifically, the positioning die plate 10 is provided with a mounting base 11, and the mounting base 11 is used for fitting the guide 20; the end of the guide 20 provided with the guide cylinder 21 is defined as a guide end 201, and the other end of the guide 20 is defined as a fixed end 202, the fixed end 202 being fitted on the mounting base 11.
In this way, the auxiliary device 100 of the present embodiment basically can assist in defining the implantation position and the implantation angle of the anchorage pin during the anchorage pin implantation operation, so as to avoid deviation of the implantation position or the implantation angle of the anchorage pin; more importantly, on the basis of realizing the auxiliary effect, the guide piece 20 and the positioning template 10 are arranged in a split mode and assembled for use, and for different cases, only the positioning template 10 and the guide piece 20 are required to be designed to be matched, so that the design difficulty, the processing cost and the difficulty of the auxiliary device 100 are reduced.
Referring to fig. 1, the positioning template 10 is preferably provided as a film thermoformed invisible, i.e. transparent, shell through which teeth located in said receiving cavity of the shell are visible when worn on the teeth. The shell may be made of known materials commonly used in prior art invisible appliances, such as a transparent film of polymeric material. In this way, the corresponding dental socket can be formed by the diaphragm hot-pressing technology, and the dental socket and the guide piece 20 are matched and connected based on the installation base 11, so that the design difficulty, the processing cost and the difficulty of the auxiliary device 100 are further reduced. Of course, the construction of the positioning template 10 is not limited to invisible braces, but may be provided as a silicone positioning plate or other prior guide structures known in the art, for example.
In this embodiment, the positioning template 10 is adapted to the complete dentition, such as the maxillary dentition or mandibular dentition, and the receiving cavity of the positioning template 10 receives the complete dentition when worn in the oral cavity. In an alternative embodiment, the positioning template 10 may also be changed to be adapted to a part of teeth of one dentition, such as two adjacent teeth in an implant position of an anchorage pin, for example, a position between the 5 th tooth and the 6 th tooth of the upper jaw, and then the positioning template 10 is adapted to the 5 th tooth and the 6 th tooth of the upper jaw; also, for example, more teeth near the implant site of the anchorage, e.g., the implant site of the anchorage is in the posterior region, the positioning template 10 is adapted to all teeth of the entire posterior region.
Referring to fig. 2a, as described above, the guide 20 and the positioning template 10 are formed separately, and the guide 20 may be provided as an integral injection molding or a 3D printing member, which may be made of a material such as photo-curable resin, acrylic resin, etc. that meets biosafety. In this way, the guide 20 can be used as a standard component for mass production, and only the corresponding positioning templates 10 are designed and manufactured according to different cases, so that the overall design difficulty, processing cost and difficulty of the auxiliary device 100 are greatly reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2b, in the present embodiment, the mounting base 11 has a mounting surface 110, and the fixed end 202 of the guide 20 has a reference surface 22. When the fixed end 202 is fixedly fitted to the mounting base 11, that is, when the guide 20 is mounted with the positioning die plate 10, the reference surface 22 is fitted to the mounting surface 110.
The reference surface 22 of the guide 20 has a standard topography, and the mounting surface 110 of the mounting base 11 has an adapted topography matching the standard topography; alternatively, the mounting face 110 of the mounting base 11 has a standard topography and the reference face 22 of the guide 20 has an adapted topography that matches the standard topography. In this manner, the topography of the reference surface 22 and the mounting surface 110 are matched so that the reference surface 22 is in abutment with the mounting surface 110, thereby facilitating the fitting of the guide 20 to the mounting surface 110 of the mounting base 11 of the positioning die plate 10 via its reference surface 22.
Meanwhile, the reference surface 22 is in a standard shape, the guide piece 20 is used as a standard component, when the auxiliary device 100 is designed for a case, only the positioning template 10 is required to be designed, the position of the mounting surface 110 on the positioning template 10 is designed to be changed along with the implantation position and angle of the anchorage nail, so that the central axis of the guide cylinder 21 of the guide piece 20 is matched with the implantation position and angle of the anchorage nail when the reference surface 22 of the guide piece 20 is attached to the mounting surface 110, and the whole positioning template 10 is simple and quick in design and molding.
Preferably, the topography of the datum surface 22 and the mounting surface 110 are matched, such as shown in the figures, such that the topography of the datum surface 22 is substantially planar and the topography of the mounting surface 110 is substantially planar, such that the two substantially conform. In yet another or alternative implementation, the topography of the datum surface 22 is configured to be substantially convex and the topography of the mating surface 110 is configured to be substantially concave so that the two substantially conform; alternatively, the topography of the reference surface 22 is configured to be substantially concave, and the topography of the mating mounting surface 110 is configured to be substantially convex, so that the two substantially conform to each other; or other matched topography. In general, the degree of matching of the topography of the mounting surface 110 with the topography of the reference surface 22 may be sufficient to satisfy the tolerance of the fixing manner (i.e., to ensure that the mounting surface and the reference surface are substantially bonded and the bonding state is stable), and no hundred percent identity is required.
In one embodiment, the fixed end 202 of the guide 20 and the mounting base 11 may be fixedly assembled by any one of bonding, welding, riveting, and interference fit. The fixed connection is preferably by means of an adhesive bond, for example, the reference surface 22 is bonded to the mounting surface 110 by means of an adhesive, so that a fixed coupling of the guide 20 to the mounting base 11 can be achieved. Of course, other means of assembly are not excluded, for example, the fixed end 202 of the guide 20 and the mounting abutment 11 may be detachably assembled by any one of bonding, welding, riveting, interference fit, and thus, the same guide 20 may be reused, for example, in one embodiment, when the abutment pin implantation is required for two or more locations on the dentition, the positioning template 10 is provided with two or more mounting abutments 11, and the reference surface 22 of the same guide 20 matches the topography of the mounting surfaces 110 of the two or more mounting abutments 11, such that the fixed end 202 of the guide 20 is selectively detachably mounted to any one of the two or more mounting abutments 11.
In this embodiment, from the structural aspect of the guide 20, the guide end 201 has an inner side surface 23 disposed toward the positioning template 10, and the inner side surface 23 and the reference surface 22 of the fixed end 202 are disposed in a substantially L-shape, and an included angle therebetween is substantially 90 ° or an obtuse angle slightly greater than 90 °. As described above, the guide 20 is provided as a standard, and the shape of the inner side 23 and the shape of the positioning template 10 are not matched; in a variant embodiment, the inner side 23 of the guide 20 is designed to vary with the actual topography of the outer surface 12 of the positioning template 10, so that the inner side 23 can fit the outer surface 12 of the positioning template 10, thereby stabilizing the position of the guide 20 and the positioning template 10, that is to say the guide 20 is personalized according to the actual topography of the different positioning templates 10.
Next, in terms of the structure of the positioning template 10, in the drawings, the mounting abutment 11 is located at the posterior tooth region of the positioning template 10, and the mounting surface 110 is located at the occlusal surface of the positioning template 10 for the case where the anchorage pin is implanted at the posterior tooth region. In this way, the auxiliary device 100 is more stable in position as a whole during use, and the auxiliary positioning effect is ensured. In one example, the included angle between the mounting surface 110 and the mating surface is no greater than 45 °.
In addition to the posterior dental region, in a variant embodiment, for the case of an implantation of an anchorage pin in the anterior dental region, the mounting abutment 11 may also be located in the anterior dental region of the positioning template 10 and be configured as an extended flat guide plate structure on which the mounting surface 110 is located, so that the central axis of the guide cylinder 21 of the guide 20 corresponds to the anchorage pin implantation axis of the anterior dental region when the guide 20 is mounted on the mounting abutment 11.
Further, the mounting base 11 further has a positioning protrusion 111 protruding from the mounting surface 110, and correspondingly, referring to fig. 2b, the fixed end 202 of the guide 20 has a positioning recess 221 concavely provided on the reference surface 22. When the fixed end 202 is fixedly fitted to the mounting base 11, that is, when the guide 20 is fixedly mounted to the positioning die plate 10, the reference surface 22 is attached to the mounting surface 110, and the positioning protrusion 111 is inserted into the positioning concave hole 221. Thus, on the one hand, quick positioning of the guide 20 when it is mounted on the positioning die plate 10 can be facilitated, and on the other hand, the positional relationship between the guide 20 and the positioning die plate 10 can be stabilized.
Wherein the positioning protrusion 111 and the positioning concave hole 221 are each provided in at least two.
Preferably, the number of positioning projections 111 and the number of positioning recesses 221 are equal and correspond one to one, i.e., each positioning projection 111 is inserted in one positioning recess 221 correspondingly. For example, in the drawing, the positioning projections 111 and the positioning recesses 221 are each provided in two. Of course, in alternative embodiments, the number of the positioning protrusions 111 and the number of the positioning recesses 221 may also be changed to be different, for example, the number of the positioning recesses 221 is greater than the number of the positioning protrusions 111, for example, as a general standard, the guide 20 is provided with more positioning recesses 221, and the number of the positioning protrusions 111 of the positioning template 10 may be designed according to the positioning requirement for different cases, so long as the number of the positioning recesses 221 is not greater.
As described above, the positioning protrusion 221 is interference fit with the positioning concave hole 221, so that the fixing and coupling firmness between the guide 20 and the positioning template 10 can be improved while the above-mentioned installation and positioning effects are achieved.
In the present embodiment, the positioning boss 221 is provided in a cylindrical structure with its center axis substantially perpendicular to the mounting surface 110, so that the insertion engagement of the positioning boss 221 and the positioning concave hole 221 can be facilitated.
The auxiliary device 100 further includes a protective tube 30, and the protective tube 30 is inserted into the guide tube 21, specifically, may be installed inside the guide tube 21 from the outside away from the positioning template 10. Thus, when the auxiliary device 100 is used in an staple implantation procedure, the staple implantation tool head 9 (e.g., as described above in the case of providing direct assistance) or tool bit (e.g., as described above in the case of providing indirect assistance) is in contact with the guard tube 30 and not with the guide 20, thereby improving the guiding accuracy and improving the wear resistance of the guide 20, avoiding wear of the guide 20 affecting the guiding accuracy, and avoiding chipping of the guide 20 due to rubbing into the patient's mouth.
The shield tube 30 is preferably provided as a metal or alloy piece, such as any of stainless steel, titanium alloy or pure titanium, which may be manufactured as a universal standard piece using a machining process.
The inner diameter of the shield tube 30 is set to 3.5 to 4.5mm, preferably 4.5mm, depending on the conventional size of the tool bit for making the bottom hole, which is suitable for the case where the auxiliary device 100 provides a direct auxiliary effect; while being suitable for use in the case where the auxiliary device 100 provides indirect assistance, the inner diameter of the shield tube 30 is set to be 0.5 to 1.7mm, preferably 0.8mm, 1mm, 1.2mm or 1.5mm, depending on the size of the buttress pin and the conventional size of the buttress pin implantation tool head 9. These inner diameter dimensions of the protective tube 30 increase the applicability of the auxiliary device 100 and enhance the usability.
In the present embodiment, the guiding drum 21 comprises a cylindrical body region 211 and a non-cylindrical end region 212, the shielding tube 30 having a cylindrical tube 31 adapted to said cylindrical body region 211 and a rotation stopping tube 32 adapted to said non-cylindrical end region 212. In this way, based on the cooperation of the rotation stop tube 32 and the non-cylindrical end region 212, the intra-operative protection tube 30 is prevented from rotating relative to the guide 20 under the drive of the anchorage implantation tool head 9 or the tool bit, thereby avoiding abrasion of the guide 20 and ensuring guiding accuracy.
In the figures, the non-cylindrical end region 212 is a hexagonal inner rim formed at the outer end of the guide cylinder 21, and the rotation stop tube 32 is a hexagonal outer rim formed at one end of the shield tube 30. The non-cylindrical end region 212 and the rotation stop tube 32 are here provided in the same shape, but may also be embodied in different shapes.
Referring to fig. 5, the present embodiment also provides a design method of the auxiliary device 100, that is, the auxiliary device 100 described above can be designed by using the design method.
Specifically, the design method of the present embodiment includes step S100: acquiring a digital three-dimensional model of an oral cavity; the digital three-dimensional model of the oral cavity contains three-dimensional data of dental crowns and three-dimensional data of dental roots.
In this step S100, the acquisition of the digitized three-dimensional model of the oral cavity may be performed using techniques known in the art.
For example, in one embodiment, step S100 specifically includes:
s101: collecting dental data containing three-dimensional data of dental crowns through an intraoral scanner or an extraoral scanner or a silica gel impression;
s102: collecting maxillofacial data containing three-dimensional data of tooth roots through an oral cavity CBCT device;
s103: fitting the dental data and the maxillofacial data to obtain an oral digitized three-dimensional model.
Here, the order of implementation of step S101 and step S102 is not limited, and both may be implemented in any order.
The design method of the present embodiment includes step S200: based on the root three-dimensional data, an implantation axis of the anchorage pin is determined.
In one embodiment, in step S200, the determined implantation axis of the anchorage pin determines the implantation position and implantation angle of the anchorage pin. Thus, this step S200 essentially determines the implantation position and implantation angle of the anchorage pin, i.e. based on the three-dimensional data of the root.
The design method of the present embodiment includes step S300: and acquiring datum plane data of the guide piece and central axis data of the guide cylinder.
In one embodiment, in the step S300, the guide 20 is used as a universal standard, and the datum plane 22 data of the guide 20 and the central axis data of the guide cylinder 21 may be acquired by writing. Of course, in this step S300, other structure and size data of the guide 20 may be acquired in addition to the data of the reference surface 22 and the data of the central axis of the guide cylinder 21. That is, at least the datum level 22 data and the central axis data of the guide cylinder 21 need to be acquired in this step S300, so that the following step S400 designs the mounting base 11 (specifically, the orientation of the mounting surface 110 of the mounting base 11) matched with the guide 20 on the positioning template 10, with the datum level and the guide cylinder of the guide 20 as standards.
The design method of the present embodiment includes step S400: matching the central axis data with the implantation axis, and generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template based on the dental crown three-dimensional data; the three-dimensional model has a mounting surface that matches the topography of the reference surface.
In combination with the foregoing, the implantation axis of the anchorage pin determines the implantation position and implantation angle of the anchorage pin; it will be appreciated that the present embodiment is designed to be used for both direct assistance (e.g., the aforementioned insertion of the buttress pin directly through the auxiliary device using the buttress pin insertion tool head 9) and indirect assistance (e.g., the aforementioned drilling of a hole through the auxiliary device using a tool bit, and then inserting the buttress pin into the hole), the insertion axis of the buttress pin is determined by the central axis of the guide cylinder 21 when the guide 20 of the auxiliary device 100 is mounted on the positioning template 10.
In this step S400, the data of the central axis of the guide cylinder 21 is matched with the implantation axis of the anchorage pin determined in step S200, and as a result of this matching, the central axis of the guide cylinder 20 is substantially coincident with the determined implantation axis of the anchorage pin when the guide 20 is mounted on the positioning template corresponding to the three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template finally obtained.
In step S400, the three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template finally obtained has the mounting surface 110, and the mounting surface 110 matches the topography of the reference surface 22, so that when the guide 20 is mounted on the positioning template 10 corresponding to the three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template finally obtained, the reference surface 22 is bonded to the mounting surface 110, and the guide 20 is easily mounted on the mounting surface 110 of the positioning template 10 through the reference surface 22.
Preferably, the topography of the datum surface 22 and the mounting surface 110 are matched, such as shown in the figures, such that the topography of the datum surface 22 is substantially planar and the topography of the mounting surface 110 is substantially planar, such that the two substantially conform. In yet another or alternative implementation, the topography of the datum surface 22 is configured to be substantially convex and the topography of the mating surface 110 is configured to be substantially concave so that the two substantially conform; alternatively, the topography of the reference surface 22 is configured to be substantially concave, and the topography of the mating mounting surface 110 is configured to be substantially convex, so that the two substantially conform to each other; or other matched topography. In general, the degree of matching of the topography of the mounting surface 110 with the topography of the reference surface 22 may be sufficient to satisfy the tolerance of the fixing manner (i.e., to ensure that the mounting surface and the reference surface are substantially bonded and the bonding state is stable), and no hundred percent identity is required.
In this step S400, the resulting three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template may be specifically set as: a three-dimensional model of the positioning template 10 with the mounting surface 110, or a three-dimensional model of teeth with the mounting surface 110. That is, the three-dimensional model may be directly a model of the positioning template 10 to directly manufacture the positioning template by 3D printing or the like based on the model; still alternatively, the three-dimensional model may be a model of a tooth, based on which a positioning template may be manufactured by diaphragm hot pressing.
The design method of the present embodiment is understood in combination with the structure of the auxiliary device 100, and the pre-designed guide 20 is used as a universal standard, and based on the matching of the central axis of the guide cylinder 21 of the guide 20 and the determined implantation axis of the support pin, the data of the central axis of the guide cylinder 21 of the guide 20 and the reference surface 22 are combined, so as to obtain the information of the mounting surface 110 matched with the reference surface 22, for example, determine the position and angle of the mounting surface 110, and finally generate the three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template 10, and the three-dimensional model is provided with the mounting surface 110, so that the three-dimensional model can manufacture the positioning template 10 with the mounting surface 110, thereby completing the design of the auxiliary device 100 (especially the design of the positioning template 10).
Therefore, the guide member 20 can be produced in a standardized batch mode, the universality is high, the position and the angle of the mounting surface 110 can be adjusted according to the design method only to design the adaptive positioning template 10 aiming at the implantation positions and the implantation angles of the anchorage nails of different cases, and the design difficulty, the processing cost and the difficulty of the auxiliary device are reduced.
In one embodiment, the datum surface 21 of the guide 20 is provided with one or two or more locating recesses 221; in step 400, the resulting three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template comprises no more positioning projections 111 than the number of positioning recesses 221, i.e. the number of positioning projections 111 generated is equal to or less than the number of positioning recesses 221, whereas each positioning projection 111 is designed to fit in a mating fit with one positioning recess 221.
The positioning protrusion 111 is designed to be interference fit into the positioning recess 221.
In addition, in step S400, the obtained three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template is suitable for manufacturing a partial dentition adapted to the tooth containing the anchorage nail or for adapting a complete dentition. For example, when the complete dentition is adapted, the positioning template molded based on the three-dimensional model may be worn on the complete dentition (or the complete dentition may be accommodated in an accommodating cavity of the positioning template); for example, when fitting a portion of the dentition including the tooth where the anchorage pin is located, for example, the mounting surface 110 is located at two adjacent teeth where the anchorage pin is implanted, a positioning template formed based on the three-dimensional model may be worn on at least the two teeth.
Further, in step S300, the reference plane data of the guide member and the central axis data of the guide cylinder are obtained, and the spatial position relationship data of the reference plane and the central axis of the guide cylinder is also obtained. Further, in step S400, the central axis data is matched with the implantation axis, and then, the position and angle of the mounting surface matched with the topography of the reference surface are determined by combining the spatial positional relationship data, thereby generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template.
In addition, in the present embodiment, as previously described, the guide 20 is a standard piece, rather than a personalized piece; in a variant embodiment, the guide 20 is a personalized customization, such as the one described above, in which the inner side 23 of the guide 20 is designed to vary with the actual topography of the outer surface 12 of the positioning template 10, so that the inner side 23 can fit the outer surface 12 of the positioning template 10 in a matching manner, thereby stabilizing the position of the guide 20 and the positioning template 10, that is, the guide 20 is a personalized customization according to the actual topography of different positioning templates 10.
Corresponding to the guide 20 of the personalized stator, the dental data collected in step S101 further includes gingival three-dimensional data; in step S400: matching the central axis data with the implantation axis, and generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template based on the dental crown three-dimensional data and the gingival three-dimensional data; the design method further includes step S500: the data of the inner side 23 of the guide 20 matched with the shape of the outer surface of the gum in the three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template is generated, and the guide 20 is designed by combining the data of the inner side 23, the data of the reference surface and the data of the central axis of the guide cylinder. In this manner, the inner side 23 of the guide 20 is designed to vary with the actual topographical match of the outer surface 12 of the positioning template 10 so that the inner side 23 can matingly fit with the outer surface 12 of the positioning template 10, thereby stabilizing the position of the guide 20 and positioning template 10.
Further, the present embodiment also provides a computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the method for designing an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid 100 as described above.
Further, referring to fig. 6, the present embodiment also provides a design system 800 of the orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid 100.
The design system 800 includes a memory 81 and a processor 82, the memory 81 storing a computer program executable on the processor, the processor 82 implementing the steps in the method of designing an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid 100 described above when executing the computer program.
Here, in conjunction with the description in the method of designing an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid described above, the processor 82 includes the following elements:
an acquisition unit 821 for acquiring an oral digitized three-dimensional model containing dental crown three-dimensional data and dental root three-dimensional data; and determining an implantation axis of the anchorage pin based on the root three-dimensional data; acquiring datum plane data of a guide piece and central axis data of a guide cylinder;
a calculation unit 823 matches the central axis data with the implantation axis and generates a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template based on the crown three-dimensional data.
Of course, the various units of the processor 82 may also be used to perform other steps in the method of designing an orthodontic anchorage device as described above, and will not be described in detail herein.
Further, referring to fig. 7, the present embodiment also provides a molding method of the orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid 100, which includes the following steps.
S701: preparing a guide piece;
s702: generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template by adopting the design method of the orthodontic anchorage pin implantation auxiliary device;
s703: and forming the positioning template by adopting a 3D printing technology or film hot pressing according to a three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template.
It will be appreciated that the auxiliary device 100 described above may be formed based on this forming method.
In practice, step S702 is the design method described above, wherein the guide element corresponds to the guide element of step S701, i.e., at least, the reference surface and the center axis of the guide tube correspond to each other in a one-to-one manner, when "acquiring the reference surface data of the guide element and the center axis data of the guide tube" is performed.
The implementation sequence of each step in the forming method is not limited to the front-to-back sequence described in the application, but the implementation sequence is determined by virtue of the causal relationship among the steps. For example, if the guide 20 is implemented as a standard component as described above, the step 701 may be implemented before, after, or in synchronization with the steps S702 and S703; for another example, if the guide 20 is implemented as a personalized custom part as described above, the step 701 is implemented later than the step S702, and particularly after the step S500 in the design method described above is implemented, the guide entity is prepared based on the guide designed in the step S500. Such variations are intended to be within the spirit of the art as defined herein.
Thus, according to the molding method of the embodiment, the guide member 20 can be produced in a generalized manner, the position and angle of the mounting surface of the mounting base are adjusted according to the implantation positions and the implantation angles of the anchorage nails of different cases, and the 3D printing technology or the membrane hot press molding is adopted to form the adaptive positioning template, so that the anchorage nail implantation guide effect of the obtained auxiliary device is excellent, the wear is comfortable and stable, the overall design difficulty, the processing cost and the difficulty of the auxiliary device are reduced, and the industrial value is excellent.
Further, step S701 specifically includes: and (3) preparing an injection mold of the guide piece, and forming the guide piece by adopting an injection molding process. I.e. the guide 20 is formed by an injection moulding process. Still alternatively, in a variant embodiment, step S701 is specifically: and forming the guide piece through a 3D printing technology according to the digital model of the guide piece.
In this embodiment, the molding method further includes step S704: the protective tube 30 is prepared by taking metal or alloy as a material to be processed and adopting a machining process; as can be seen from the foregoing, the protecting tube 30 is matched with the guiding cylinder 21 of the guiding element 20, and will not be described herein.
It should also be understood that the implementation sequence of the step S704 and other steps is not limited to the order of steps described in the present application.
In view of the foregoing, the present invention actually provides an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid 100, and a design method, a design system, a molding method, and a computer-readable storage medium suitable for the aid 100.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: basically, the auxiliary device 100 can assist in defining the implantation position and the implantation angle of the anchorage nail in the anchorage nail implantation operation, avoid deviation of the implantation position or the implantation angle of the anchorage nail, and solve the problem that the direct implantation of the anchorage nail in the background art requires higher medical clinical skills; furthermore, on the basis of realizing the auxiliary function, the guide member 20 and the positioning template 10 are separately arranged, the guide member 20 can be at least partially used as a standard member for generalized production, and for different cases, the positioning template 10 can be designed and molded by a simple method only by adjusting the position and the angle of the installation base 11 matched with the positioning template 10 and the guide member 20, so that the design difficulty, the processing cost and the difficulty of the auxiliary device 100 are reduced.
It should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments in terms of examples, not every embodiment is provided with a single embodiment, and that this description is for clarity only, and that the embodiments of the disclosure may be combined appropriately to form other embodiments that will be understood by those skilled in the art.
The above detailed description is merely illustrative of possible embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (21)
1. An orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid, the aid comprising:
a positioning template for wearing on teeth, the template being provided with an installation base; the method comprises the steps of,
the guide piece is arranged in a split mode with the template and is provided with a guide end and a fixed end, the guide end is provided with a guide cylinder, the fixed end is assembled on the installation base, and the implantation position and angle of the anchorage nail are limited by the central axis of the guide cylinder.
2. The orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid of claim 1, wherein the template is provided as a film thermoformed invisible dental sleeve.
3. The orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid of claim 1, wherein the mounting base has a mounting face and the fixed end of the guide has a datum face;
the reference surface of the guide piece has a standard morphology, and the mounting surface of the mounting base station has an adapting morphology matched with the standard morphology; or the mounting surface of the mounting base station has a standard morphology, and the reference surface of the guide piece has an adapting morphology matched with the standard morphology;
When the fixed end is assembled on the mounting base, the datum plane is attached to the mounting surface.
4. The orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid of claim 3, wherein the fixed end of the guide member is fixedly or removably fitted to the mounting base by any one of bonding, welding, riveting, interference fit; or, the template is provided with more than two installation base stations, the reference surface of the guide piece is matched with the appearance of the installation surface of any installation base station, and the fixed end of the guide piece is selectively and detachably installed on any one of the more than two installation base stations.
5. An orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid as claimed in claim 3, wherein the guide is provided as a standard and the mounting face of the mounting abutment is arranged to be orientated on the template as a function of the position and angle of implantation of the anchorage pin such that the central axis of the guide barrel of the guide matches the position and angle of implantation of the anchorage pin when the datum face of the guide is in abutment with the mounting face of the mounting abutment.
6. The orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid of claim 5, wherein the guide end of the guide has an inner side disposed toward the template, the inner side being designed to vary with the actual topographical match of the outer surface of the template.
7. The orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid of claim 5, wherein the guide end of the guide member has an inner side surface disposed toward the template, the reference surfaces of the inner side surface and the fixed end being arranged in an L-shape.
8. The orthodontic anchorage nail implantation aid of claim 3, wherein the mounting abutment is located in the posterior tooth region of the template, the mounting face being located at the occlusal face of the template; alternatively, the mounting abutment is located in the anterior tooth region of the template and is configured as an extended flat guide structure with the mounting surface located thereon.
9. The orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid of claim 3, wherein the mounting base further has a positioning projection projecting from the mounting surface, and the fixed end of the guide has a positioning recess recessed into the reference surface; when the fixed end is assembled on the installation base, the positioning protrusion is inserted into the positioning concave hole.
10. The orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid of claim 1, further comprising a protective tube inserted within the guide tube.
11. The orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid of claim 10, wherein the guide member is provided as an integral injection molded member or a 3D printed resin member, and the protective tube is provided as a metal member or an alloy member.
12. The orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid of claim 10, wherein the guide sleeve comprises a cylindrical body region and a non-cylindrical end region, the shield tube having a cylindrical tube fitting the cylindrical body region and a rotation stop tube fitting the non-cylindrical end region.
13. The design method of the orthodontic anchorage pin implantation auxiliary device is characterized by comprising the following steps of: acquiring a digital three-dimensional model of an oral cavity; the digital three-dimensional model of the oral cavity contains three-dimensional data of dental crowns and three-dimensional data of dental roots;
determining an implantation axis of the anchorage pin based on the tooth root three-dimensional data;
acquiring datum plane data of a guide piece and central axis data of a guide cylinder;
matching the central axis data with the implantation axis, and generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template based on the dental crown three-dimensional data; the three-dimensional model has a mounting surface that matches the topography of the reference surface.
14. The method of designing an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid according to claim 13, wherein the step of acquiring a digitized three-dimensional model of the oral cavity comprises:
collecting dental data containing three-dimensional data of dental crowns through an intraoral scanner or an extraoral scanner or a silica gel impression;
collecting maxillofacial data containing three-dimensional data of tooth roots through an oral cavity CBCT device;
fitting the dental data and the maxillofacial data to obtain an oral digitized three-dimensional model.
15. The method of designing an orthodontic anchorage nail implantation aid according to claim 14, wherein the oral digital three-dimensional model contains gingival three-dimensional data;
in the step of matching the central axis data with the implantation axis and generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template based on the dental crown three-dimensional data, generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template based on the dental crown three-dimensional data and the gingival three-dimensional data;
the design method further comprises the steps of: generating inner side surface data of the guide piece matched with the appearance of the outer surface of the gum in the three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template, and designing the guide piece by combining the inner side surface data, the datum surface data and the central axis data of the guide cylinder.
16. The method for designing an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid according to claim 13, wherein the three-dimensional model in the step of matching the central axis data with the implantation axis and generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template based on the crown three-dimensional data is specifically set as: a three-dimensional model of a positioning template having the mounting surface, or a three-dimensional model of a tooth having the mounting surface.
17. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps in the method of designing an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid as claimed in any one of claims 13-16.
18. A system for designing an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid, the system comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program executable on the processor, when executing the computer program, effecting the steps in the method for designing an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid of any one of claims 13 to 16.
19. The forming method of the orthodontic anchorage pin implantation auxiliary device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Preparing a guide piece;
generating a three-dimensional model for manufacturing a positioning template by using the guide member as a standard member and adopting the design method of the orthodontic anchorage pin implantation auxiliary device according to any one of claims 13 to 16;
and forming the positioning template by adopting a 3D printing technology or film hot pressing according to a three-dimensional model for manufacturing the positioning template.
20. The method of forming an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid according to claim 19, wherein the step of preparing the guide comprises:
preparing an injection mold of the guide piece, and forming the guide piece by adopting an injection molding process;
alternatively, the guide is molded by 3D printing techniques according to a digitized model of the guide.
21. The method of forming an orthodontic anchorage pin implantation aid of claim 19, further comprising the steps of:
preparing a protective tube by taking metal or alloy as a material to be processed and adopting a machining process; the protective tube is matched with the guide cylinder of the guide piece.
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| CN202311342433.0A CN117323037A (en) | 2023-10-16 | 2023-10-16 | Orthodontic anchorage nail implantation auxiliary device, design method and system thereof and forming method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311342433.0A CN117323037A (en) | 2023-10-16 | 2023-10-16 | Orthodontic anchorage nail implantation auxiliary device, design method and system thereof and forming method |
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