CN117321230A - 合金,粉末,方法和构件 - Google Patents

合金,粉末,方法和构件 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN117321230A
CN117321230A CN202280034046.8A CN202280034046A CN117321230A CN 117321230 A CN117321230 A CN 117321230A CN 202280034046 A CN202280034046 A CN 202280034046A CN 117321230 A CN117321230 A CN 117321230A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
nickel
free
alloy
titanium
tungsten
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202280034046.8A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
蒂莫·德普卡
菲利普·德拉
比伊特·格吕格
安纳·卡普斯缇纳
奥利弗·吕泽布林克
克尔坦·帕特尔
雷蒙德·G·斯奈德
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Publication of CN117321230A publication Critical patent/CN117321230A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/056Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00Products made by additive manufacturing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0433Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/057Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being less 10%
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/009Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of turbine components other than turbine blades
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/04Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of turbine blades

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种镍基合金,具有:碳(C):0.11%‑0.13%,铬(Cr):9.7%‑10.5%,钴(Co):10.5%‑12.5%,钼(Mo):2.8%‑3.2%,钛(Ti):3.3%‑4.3%,铝(Al):5.2%‑5.8%,铪(Hf):1.30%‑1.50%,硼(B):0.013%‑0.014%,锆(Zr):0.015%‑0.03%,钽(Ta):最多0.05%,铌(Nb):最多0.01%,硅(Si):最多0.01%,钨(W):最多0.02%,钒(V):至0.02%,不含铼(Re)和/或不含钌(Ru),具有镍,其余杂质至0.1%。

Description

合金,粉末,方法和构件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种合金、一种粉末、一种用于借助于合金和粉末进行制造的方法以及由其构成的构件。
背景技术
镍基超合金已知作为用于高温应用的原料,如在燃气轮机中用于燃烧室中的隔热罩或也用于在热气路中的涡轮叶片。
所述超合金必须在高温下是耐氧化的以及具有高的机械强度。
为了提升效率,有利的是,尤其在旋转式构件如涡轮叶片中将重量保持得尽可能低。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决上述问题。所述目的通过根据权利要求1所述的合金、根据权利要求2所述的粉末,根据权利要求3所述的方法和根据权利要求4所述的构件实现。
本发明就通过调整适当的元素来改进特殊的机械特性而言利用对镍基超合金的化学组成的改进,在此保持无裂缝的可加工性和生产力。
下面,仅示例性地描述本发明。现在描述各个包含在耐高温的镍基合金中的元素的功能,以实施上述发明。
添加碳(C),所述碳除了其作为脱氧元素的功能外,为了形成稳定的MC型初生碳化物(MC-TYP-)还具有另外的用于与钛(Ti)、铌(Nb)和钽(Ta)化合的功能,以便在热成型期间抑制奥氏体晶粒的增大并且改进热润滑性。通过如下方式实现碳(C)的期望的作用:添加至少0.11%的量,但是其大于0.13%的添加造成MC型碳化物的链型结构并且引起产生热裂纹,所述热裂纹基于该部分,使得减小的工具使用寿命。
据此,以0.11重量%至0.13重量%,优选0.12重量%的量添加碳(C)。
铬(Cr)形成氧化层,所述氧化层具有在加热至高温期间在表面处的高度的紧密附着并且改进耐氧化性。附加地,铬(Cr)也能够改进热加工性。
所述作用要求其以超过9.0重量%的添加,但其超过11.0重量%的过量的添加引起α相的析出,这伴随着可延展性的减小。据此,铬(Cr)的量处于超过9.7重量%,但不大于10.5重量%,优选最多10.0重量%的范围内。
钼(Mo)是与钨(W)同族的元素进而钨(W)的一部分由钼(Mo)替代能够提供与钨(W)的功能相同的功能。然而,因为其作用小于钨(W)的作用,所以在2.8重量%最多3.2重量%的范围内,尤其以3.0重量%添加钼(Mo)。
铝(Al)是如下添加元素,其对于在回火处理之后形成稳定的γ’相是重要的并且应当以至少5.0重量%的量添加。然而,铝的超过6.0重量%的添加引起γ’相的提高并且降低热成形性。据此,铝(Al)处于5.2重量%至5.8重量%的范围内,优选为5.5重量%。
铪(Hf)减小在铸造时的热裂纹发生率并且改进延展性,尤其在具有沿着横向方向的柱状晶粒的DS原料中。此外,铪(Hf)改进耐氧化性。在其他方面上,铪(Hf)降低了熔化温度并且能够基于其高的反应性引起在铸造时与模具外壳的反应。因此,铪(Hf)以最多最大1.5重量%的浓度使用。
钛(Ti)的一部分与碳(C)化合,以形成稳定的MC型初生碳化物并且在非γ’硬化的合金中具有提高强度的功能。
其余的钛(Ti)在γ’相中以固溶体状态存在,由此固化γ’相,并且用于改进耐高温性。据此,钛(Ti)必须以至少3.6重量%的量添加,但其过度的超过4.0重量%的添加不仅降低了热成形性,而且也使得γ’相变得不稳定并且引起在长时间在高温下使用后的强度减小。据此,钛(Ti)优选也处于最多3.8重量%的范围内。
此外,铝(Al)、钽(Ta)和钛(Ti)也具有改进耐氧化性的重要功能,尤其在元素的组合中它们形成稳定的氧化层体系。
与钛(Ti)相同类型地,铌(Nb)还有钽(Ta)的一部分与碳(C)化合以形成稳定的MC型初生碳化物,并且它们具有提高强度的功能,尤其对于非γ’硬化的合金而言。
锆(Zr)和硼(B)对于通过其晶界活性的功能改进耐高温性和延展性有效的,并且它们中的至少一个能够以匹配的量添加给本发明的合金。其作用在低添加量的情况下获得。
大于0.03重量%或0.014重量%的锆(Zr)量和硼(B)量降低在加热时的固相线温度,由此使得热成形性变差。据此,锆(Zr)和硼(B)的上限是0.03重量%或0.014重量%。
镍(Ni)形成稳定的奥氏体相并且变为不仅用于固溶体而且用于γ’相析出的基质,因为镍(Ni)能够形成具有大量钨(W)的固溶体,获得在高温时具有高强度的奥氏体基质,进而镍是合金的其余部分。
除了上述元素以外,能够添加本发明的合金的最多12.5重量%的钴(Co)。
钴(Co)在基质的奥氏体中以固溶体状态存在,由此实现一定的固溶强化,并且也具有用于改进氧化膜的紧密附着的作用。因为钴(Co)在Ni基质中以固溶体状态存在并且因为钴(Co)几乎不损害γ’相的析出,所以钴(Co)是有益的。然而,因为钴(Co)是昂贵的元素,所以大量添加钴并非是优选的。
借助所述调整确保对于具有改进的机械特性和提高的耐氧化性的生产性的L-PBF工艺的可加工性。
因此,根据本发明,镍基合金具有(以重量%为单位):
碳(C):0.11%-0.13%,尤其0.12%,
铬(Cr):9.7%-10.5%,尤其10.0%,
钴(Co):10.5%-12.5%,尤其11.0%至11.8%,更尤其11.4%,
钼(Mo):2.8%-3.2%,尤其3.0%,
钛(Ti):3.3%-4.3%,尤其3.6%-4.0%,更尤其3.8%,
铝(Al):5.2%-5.8%,尤其5.5%,
铪(Hf):1.3%-1.5%,尤其1.4%,
硼(B):0.013%-0.014%,
锆(Zr):0.015%-0.03%,尤其0.018%-0.022%,更尤其0.02%,钽(Ta):最多0.05%,
铌(Nb):最多0.01%,
硅(Si):最多0.01%,
钨(W):最多0.02%,
钒(V):至0.02%,
不含铼(Re)和/或不含钌(Ru),
具有镍,尤其其余为镍(Ni),
其余杂质至0.1%,
尤其由上述构成。
构件优选是涡轮机、尤其燃气轮机的组件并且在该处尤其在“热”区域中。
基于所述思想的镍基合金的实例(EX1、EX2、EX3)在以下表格中列出。
EX1 EX2 EX3
C 0.11 0.12 0.11
Cr 10.0 9.71 10.41
Co 11.1 11.6 11.4
Mo 2.10 3.0 3.15
Ti 3.43 3.8 4.11
Al 5.5 5.31 5.33
B 0.014 0.014 0.013
Zr 0.02 0.019 0.02
Hf 1.4 1.48 1.33

Claims (4)

1.一种镍基合金,
具有(以重量%为单位):
碳(C):0.11%-0.13%,尤其0.12%,
铬(Cr):9.7%-10.5%,尤其10.0%,
钴(Co):10.5%-12.5%,尤其11.0%至11.8%,更尤其11.4%,钼(Mo):2.8%-3.2%,尤其3.0%,
钛(Ti):3.3%-4.3%,尤其3.6%-4.0%,更尤其3.8%,
铝(Al):5.2%-5.8%,尤其5.5%,
铪(Hf):1.30%-1.50%,尤其1.40%,
硼(B):0.013%-0.014%,尤其0.014%,
锆(Zr):0.015%-0.03%,尤其0.018%-0.022%,更尤其0.02%,钽(Ta):最多0.05%,
铌(Nb):最多0.01%,
硅(Si):最多0.01%,
钨(W):最多0.02%,
钒(V):至0.02%,
不含铼(Re)和/或不含钌(Ru),
具有镍,尤其其余为镍(Ni),
其余杂质至0.1%。
2.一种粉末,
具有镍基合金,
所述镍基合金包含(以重量%为单位):
碳(C):0.11%-0.13%,尤其0.12%,
铬(Cr):9.7%-10.5%,尤其10.0%,
钴(Co):10.5%-12.5%,尤其11.0%至11.8%,更尤其11.4%,钼(Mo):2.8%-3.2%,尤其3.0%,
钛(Ti):3.3%-4.3%,尤其3.6%-4.0%,更尤其3.8%,
铝(Al):5.2%-5.8%,尤其5.5%,
铪(Hf):1.30%-1.50%,尤其1.4%,
硼(B):0.013%-0.014%,尤其0.014%,
锆(Zr):0.015%-0.03%,尤其0.018%-0.022%,更尤其0.02%,钽(Ta):最多0.05%,
铌(Nb):最多0.01%,
硅(Si):最多0.01%,
钨(W):最多0.02%,
钒(V):至0.02%,
不含铼(Re)和/或不含钌(Ru),
具有镍,尤其其余为镍(Ni),
其余杂质至0.1%,
可选地,
粘合剂或耐火颗粒。
3.一种方法,
其中使用基于镍的合金,
尤其用于铸造法或粉末床法,
所述合金由以下组成(以重量%为单位):
碳(C):0.11%-0.13%,尤其0.12%,
铬(Cr):9.7%-10.5%,尤其10.0%,
钴(Co):10.5%-12.5%,尤其11.0%至11.8%,更尤其11.4%,钼(Mo):2.8%-3.2%,尤其3.0%,
钛(Ti):3.3%-4.3%,尤其3.6%-4.0%,更尤其3.8%,铝(Al):5.2%-5.8%,尤其5.5%,
铪(Hf):1.30%-1.50%,尤其1.4%,
硼(B):0.013%-0.014%,尤其0.014%,
锆(Zr):0.015%-0.03%,尤其0.018%-0.022%,更尤其0.02%,钽(Ta):最多0.05%,
铌(Nb):最多0.01%,
硅(Si):最多0.01%,
钨(W):最多0.02%,
钒(V):至0.02%,
不含铼(Re)和/或不含钌(Ru),
具有镍,尤其其余为镍(Ni),
其余杂质至0.1%。
4.一种构件,
所述构件尤其具有基底,
所述构件具有镍基合金,
所述合金由以下组成(以重量%为单位):
碳(C):0.11%-0.13%,尤其0.12%,
铬(Cr):9.7%-10.5%,尤其10.0%,
钴(Co):10.5%-12.5%,尤其11.0%至11.8%,更尤其11.4%,钼(Mo):2.8%-3.2%,尤其3.0%,
钛(Ti):3.3%-4.3%,尤其3.6%-4.0%,更尤其3.8%,
铝(Al):5.2%-5.8%,尤其5.5%,
铪(Hf):1.30%-1.50%,尤其1.4%,
硼(B):0.013%-0.014%,尤其0.014%,
锆(Zr):0.015%-0.03%,尤其0.018%-0.022%,更尤其0.02%,钽(Ta):最多0.05%,
铌(Nb):最多0.01%,
硅(Si):最多0.01%,
钨(W):最多0.02%,
钒(V):至0.02%,
不含铼(Re)和/或不含钌(Ru),
具有镍,尤其其余为镍(Ni),
其余杂质至0.1%。
CN202280034046.8A 2021-05-11 2022-04-12 合金,粉末,方法和构件 Pending CN117321230A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021204745.9A DE102021204745A1 (de) 2021-05-11 2021-05-11 Legierung, Pulver, Verfahren und Bauteil
DE102021204745.9 2021-05-11
PCT/EP2022/059721 WO2022238073A1 (de) 2021-05-11 2022-04-12 Legierung, pulver, verfahren und bauteil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117321230A true CN117321230A (zh) 2023-12-29

Family

ID=81598077

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202280034046.8A Pending CN117321230A (zh) 2021-05-11 2022-04-12 合金,粉末,方法和构件

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4288575A1 (zh)
KR (1) KR20240006628A (zh)
CN (1) CN117321230A (zh)
DE (1) DE102021204745A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2022238073A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2153845A (en) * 1984-02-07 1985-08-29 Inco Alloys Products Limited Production of superalloy sheet
WO2020110326A1 (ja) * 2018-11-30 2020-06-04 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 Ni基合金軟化粉末および該軟化粉末の製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4288575A1 (de) 2023-12-13
KR20240006628A (ko) 2024-01-15
DE102021204745A1 (de) 2022-11-17
WO2022238073A1 (de) 2022-11-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5696995B2 (ja) 耐熱超合金
EP2826877B1 (en) Hot-forgeable Nickel-based superalloy excellent in high temperature strength
CN107075629B (zh) 奥氏体系不锈钢板
EP1842934B1 (en) Heat-resistant superalloy
CA2677574C (en) High-temperature-resistant cobalt-base superalloy
JP5684261B2 (ja) ニッケル超合金およびニッケル超合金から製造された部品
EP2796578A1 (en) Cast nickel-based superalloy including iron
CA2980063C (en) Method for producing ni-based superalloy material
EP2479302A1 (en) Ni-based heat resistant alloy, gas turbine component and gas turbine
EP2039789A1 (en) Nickel-based alloy for turbine rotor of steam turbine and turbine rotor of steam turbine
JP6733210B2 (ja) 熱間鍛造用Ni基超合金
JP5323162B2 (ja) 高温での機械的特性に優れた多結晶ニッケル基超耐熱合金
AU2017200657B2 (en) Ni-based superalloy for hot forging
JP2004256840A (ja) 複合強化型Ni基超合金とその製造方法
CN109554580B (zh) 一种镍基合金、其制备方法与制造物品
CN117321230A (zh) 合金,粉末,方法和构件
EP2449140B1 (en) Nickel base superalloy compositions and articles thereof
JP6829830B2 (ja) Fe−Ni基合金及びその製造方法
EP2944704B1 (en) Nickel alloy composition
CN117295612A (zh) 合金、粉末、方法和构件
KR102139177B1 (ko) 크립 특성이 우수한 단련용 니켈기 초내열합금 및 이의 제조방법
JP7112317B2 (ja) オーステナイト鋼焼結材およびタービン部材
US20240240287A1 (en) Alloy, powder, method and component
US20240240288A1 (en) Alloy, powder, method and component
JP2017137534A (ja) ニッケル基合金

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination