CN117317456A - Low-temperature cold starting system of household energy storage lithium battery - Google Patents

Low-temperature cold starting system of household energy storage lithium battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117317456A
CN117317456A CN202311593832.4A CN202311593832A CN117317456A CN 117317456 A CN117317456 A CN 117317456A CN 202311593832 A CN202311593832 A CN 202311593832A CN 117317456 A CN117317456 A CN 117317456A
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lithium battery
mosfet switch
super capacitor
energy storage
temperature
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CN117317456B (en
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严学庆
袁朝明
钱军
袁朝勇
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JIANGSU OLITER ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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JIANGSU OLITER ENERGY TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M10/4264—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing with capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/627—Stationary installations, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature cold starting system of a household energy storage lithium battery, which belongs to the field of energy storage lithium batteries and comprises a lithium battery, a super capacitor, a heating element R1, current limiting resistors R2-R10, optocouplers SH 1-SH 3, MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) switching tubes SW 1-SW 4, diodes D1 and D2, an inductor L1 and a load; the system detects the temperature of the lithium battery, outputs corresponding control signals to optocouplers SH 1-SH 3, and utilizes a logic control circuit to control the on-off states of MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) switch tubes SW 1-SW 3, so that different circuits are constructed to sequentially realize an internal active heating mode, a boosting auxiliary heating mode, a super capacitor auxiliary heating mode and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode of the lithium battery; the invention can improve the cold start speed and the battery heating speed of the household energy storage lithium battery without preheating in advance, and can ensure the stable voltage output of the load end and the quick response capability of the system.

Description

Low-temperature cold starting system of household energy storage lithium battery
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy storage lithium batteries, and particularly relates to a low-temperature cold starting system of a household energy storage lithium battery.
Background
As one of the most commonly used energy storage technologies for household energy storage systems or devices, lithium batteries have advantages of high energy density, light weight, high power output, long life, stable cycle, and the like. However, in cold regions, low temperatures can lead to degradation in lithium battery performance, severely limiting the development of domestic energy storage applications such as integrated domestic energy storage systems, portable energy storage lithium batteries, and the like.
When a household energy storage lithium battery system or equipment is started, a large initial current is often required, and under a low-temperature condition, the large initial current can cause a large voltage drop of the lithium battery, enough power cannot be provided for starting, and how to quickly and efficiently start the lithium battery is one of the problems to be solved when the household energy storage lithium battery is applied to cold areas. Currently, a common cold start scheme is to use a battery heating system to raise the battery temperature. However, this method requires a certain warm-up time and is difficult to start up quickly in an emergency. In addition, heating by the energy released by the lithium battery itself may result in a decrease in its usable capacity.
Therefore, there is a need to find a more efficient cold start scheme for a household energy storage lithium battery to reduce the warm-up time and energy consumption when starting the household energy storage lithium battery and to ensure that the lithium battery can quickly provide sufficient power output in a low temperature environment. Meanwhile, the influence of the cold starting process on the available capacity of the lithium battery is also required to be considered, and the working performance of the household energy storage lithium battery in a low-temperature environment is improved by designing a reasonable cold starting scheme of the lithium battery.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a low-temperature cold starting system of a household energy storage lithium battery. The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized by the following technical scheme:
A low temperature cold start system for a household energy storage lithium battery comprising:
the lithium battery, the super capacitor, the heating element R1, the current limiting resistors R2-R10, the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3, the MOSFET switching tubes SW 1-SW 4, the diodes D1 and D2, the inductor L1 and the load;
the lithium battery, the current limiting resistors R3-R10, the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3 and the MOSFET switch tube SW4 form a logic control circuit; the household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold starting system outputs corresponding control signals to the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3 by detecting the temperature of the lithium battery, and utilizes the logic control circuit to control the on-off states of the MOSFET switch tubes SW 1-SW 3, so that different circuits are built to sequentially realize an internal active heating mode, a boosting auxiliary heating mode, a super-capacitor auxiliary heating mode and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode of the lithium battery.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the circuit connection relationship of the low-temperature cold start system of the household energy storage lithium battery comprises:
the positive electrode of the lithium battery is connected with the input end of the optocoupler SH1 and the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW 4;
the output end of the optocoupler SH1 is connected with the input end of the optocoupler SH2, and the output end of the optocoupler SH1 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW3 through the current limiting resistor R9;
The output end of the optocoupler SH2 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW4, and the output end of the optocoupler SH2 is connected with the cathode of the lithium battery through the current limiting resistor R4;
the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW4 is connected with the cathode of the lithium battery through the current limiting resistor R3, and the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW4 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW2 through the current limiting resistor R8;
the positive electrode of the super capacitor is connected with the input end of the optocoupler SH3, the output end of the optocoupler SH3 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW1 through a current limiting resistor R7, and the output end of the optocoupler SH3 is connected with the negative electrode of the super capacitor through a current limiting resistor R10;
one end of the heating element R1 is connected with the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW1, and the other end of the heating element R1 is connected with the negative electrode of the lithium battery;
the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the lithium battery, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW1 and the input end of the optocoupler SH 3;
one end of the inductor L1 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D2, the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW3 and one end of the current limiting resistor R2;
The source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW3 is connected with the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2 and is connected with the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW 2;
the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is connected with the cathode of the super capacitor and the cathode of the lithium battery;
the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the input end of the optocoupler SH3, the anode of the super capacitor and the anode of the load;
the negative electrode of the load is connected with the super capacitor and the negative electrode of the lithium battery;
the current limiting resistors R5, R6 and R9 are respectively connected to the signal input ends of the optocouplers SH1, SH2 and SH 3.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 to SW3 are of NMOS type, and the MOSFET switch tube SW4 is of PMOS type.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the resistance of the current limiting resistor R2 is the ratio of the rated voltage of the lithium battery to the maximum current limit; the resistance of the current limiting resistors R3-R10 is smaller than the ratio of the rated voltage of the MOSFET switch tube to the maximum current limit.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in the logic control circuit, the optocoupler SH1, the optocoupler SH2, and the MOSFET switch SW4 form a nand gate circuit for controlling the turn-off and turn-on of the MOSFET switch SW 2.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the control signal output by the low-temperature cold start system of the household energy storage lithium battery to the optocouplers SH1 and SH3 is a temperature control signal; the control signals output to the optocoupler SH2 by the low-temperature cold start system of the household energy storage lithium battery are PWM signals and temperature control signals;
the domestic energy storage lithium battery low temperature cold start system outputs corresponding control signals to the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3 by detecting the temperature of the lithium battery, and utilizes the logic control circuit to control the on and off states of the MOSFET switch tubes SW 1-SW 3, so that different circuits are built to sequentially realize an internal active heating mode, a boosting auxiliary heating mode, a super capacitor auxiliary heating mode and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode of the lithium battery, and the domestic energy storage lithium battery low temperature cold start system comprises the following components:
when the household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold starting system detects that the temperature of the lithium battery is smaller than a first preset temperature, a low-level temperature control signal is output to the optocoupler SH1 and the optocoupler SH3, a PWM signal is output to the optocoupler SH2, the logic control circuit is utilized to control the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 to be turned off, and the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is controlled to be turned on, so that a rapid self-heating circuit and a lithium battery starting circuit are constructed, and an internal active heating mode of the lithium battery is realized;
When the household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold starting system detects that the temperature of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and less than or equal to the second preset temperature, a high-level temperature control signal is output to the optocoupler SH1 and the optocoupler SH3, a PWM signal is output to the optocoupler SH2, the logic control circuit is utilized to control the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 to be conducted, and the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is controlled to be conducted and turned off at a high frequency, so that an external heating circuit of the lithium battery and a voltage compensation circuit of the lithium battery are built, and a boosting auxiliary heating mode is realized;
when the household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold starting system detects that the temperature of the lithium battery is higher than the second preset temperature, a high-level temperature control signal is output to the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3, the logic control circuit is utilized to control the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 to be conducted, the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is controlled to be turned off, and therefore a super-capacitor power supply circuit and a lithium battery conventional output power supply circuit are sequentially constructed, and a super-capacitor auxiliary heating mode and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode are correspondingly realized;
wherein the first preset temperature is less than the second preset temperature.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the duty ratio of the PWM signal input to the optocoupler SH2 is ，/>In the boost assist heating mode, the duty ratio of the PWM signal inputted to the MOSFET switch SW2 is set.
In one embodiment of the invention, a rapid self-heating circuit and a lithium battery starting circuit are constructed to realize an internal active heating mode of a lithium battery, comprising:
the lithium battery, the inductor L1, the current limiting resistor R2 and the MOSFET switch tube SW2 construct the rapid self-heating circuit; constructing the lithium battery starting circuit by the super capacitor and the load; the rapid self-heating circuit generates instantaneous short-circuit current which does not exceed the maximum discharge multiplying power of the lithium battery based on the current limiting resistor R2, so that the internal active self-heating and current limiting of the lithium battery are realized, and in the internal active self-heating process of the lithium battery, the super capacitor independently supplies power to the load for starting, so that the internal active heating mode of the lithium battery is integrally realized.
In one embodiment of the invention, an external heating circuit of a lithium battery and a voltage compensation circuit of the lithium battery are constructed to realize a boosting auxiliary heating mode, and the method comprises the following steps:
the lithium battery, the super capacitor, the diode D1, the MOSFET switch tube SW1 and the resistance heating element R1 construct an external heating circuit of the lithium battery; the lithium battery voltage compensation circuit is constructed by the lithium battery, the inductor L1, the MOSFET switch tubes SW2 and SW3, the diode D2, the super capacitor and the load; the boost output of the lithium battery is realized, the super capacitor is connected in parallel, so that starting power is provided, the voltage of the lithium battery is compensated by utilizing the super capacitor, meanwhile, the load and the heating element R1 are powered, external auxiliary heating is realized by utilizing the heating element R1, and the boost auxiliary heating mode is integrally realized.
In one embodiment of the invention, a super capacitor power supply circuit and a lithium battery conventional output power supply circuit are sequentially constructed, and a super capacitor auxiliary heating mode and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode are correspondingly realized, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the voltage of the super capacitor is higher than that of the lithium battery, the heating element R1, the MOSFET switch tube SW1, the super capacitor and the load construct a super capacitor power supply circuit; the super capacitor supplies power to the load and the heating element R1 so as to realize external auxiliary heating by using the heating element R1 and realize a super capacitor auxiliary heating mode;
when the voltage of the super capacitor is smaller than or equal to the voltage of the lithium battery, the heating element R1, the MOSFET switch tube SW1, the lithium battery, the diode D1 and the load construct a conventional output power supply circuit of the lithium battery; the lithium battery directly outputs power for the load and the heating element R1, so that external auxiliary heating is realized by using the heating element R1, and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the low-temperature cold starting system for the household energy storage lithium battery, when the household energy storage lithium battery needs to be started quickly, the temperature of the lithium battery is relatively low in a cold environment for a long time, the direct starting requires large current due to the fact that the load is large, the lithium battery has large pressure drop, ignition cannot be achieved, and active self-heating of the lithium battery is considered. Meanwhile, in order to avoid extra waiting time, the super capacitor can directly provide starting current, but the super capacitor can only provide instantaneous heavy current, and the long-time heavy current output inevitably leads to voltage drop, so that the lithium battery realizes internal active heating through the internal active heating mode of the lithium battery during the heavy current provided by the super capacitor, so that the polarization resistance is reduced after the temperature of the lithium battery is rapidly increased, and then the lithium battery is switched to the boosting auxiliary heating mode to realize the boosting high-power output of the lithium battery, and meanwhile, the external auxiliary heating is realized, after the system is completely started, the boosting is stopped, the normal output of the lithium battery is realized, and the lithium battery is sequentially switched to the super capacitor auxiliary heating mode and the battery normal auxiliary heating mode along with the change of the voltage of the super capacitor, so that the heat preservation of the system is realized, and the output capacity is kept under the low-temperature condition.
Compared with the traditional self-heating mode of the lithium battery, the embodiment of the invention does not need to preheat in advance, but automatically controls the on-off state of the MOSFET switch tube through the control signal and the logic control circuit to switch modes, so that different heating modes of the lithium battery can be realized. The internal rapid self-heating of the lithium battery can be realized through the integrated internal active heating and boost output, the stable voltage output of the load end is ensured, the external rapid heating can be realized through the external auxiliary heating, the heat preservation function is realized, the internal and external heating speed of the system can be improved, the stable voltage output of the load end and the rapid response capability of the system are ensured, and the working performance of the household energy storage lithium battery under a low-temperature environment can be improved. In addition, the mode switching of the embodiment of the invention is realized based on the control signal and the logic control circuit hardware, and an additional control module is not required to be added, so that the complexity and the cost of the system are not increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing discharge characteristics of a lithium battery at low and normal temperatures;
fig. 2 is a main circuit topology structure diagram of a low-temperature cold starting system of a household energy storage lithium battery provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a control method corresponding to a low-temperature cold start system of a household energy storage lithium battery in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of control signals corresponding to different temperatures according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a current path diagram of an internal active heating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a current path diagram of a boost assist heating mode according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a current path diagram of a super capacitor auxiliary heating mode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a current path diagram of a conventional auxiliary heating mode of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a discharge characteristic curve of a lithium battery at different temperatures is shown, and it can be seen that when the temperature of the lithium battery is low in a low-temperature environment, the voltage will be greatly reduced due to a large current demand when the lithium battery is started. As the operating time increases, the temperature of the lithium battery itself increases and the voltage begins to rise back. A common lithium battery cold start scheme is to use a battery heating system to raise the battery temperature, but a certain preheating time is required, and quick start is difficult. Meanwhile, under the cold condition, the heat of the system is automatically consumed, and the heating efficiency is extremely low due to the long-time low power.
In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a low-temperature cold start system of a household energy storage lithium battery, including:
the lithium battery, the super capacitor, the heating element R1, the current limiting resistors R2-R10, the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3, the MOSFET switching tubes SW 1-SW 4, the diodes D1 and D2, the inductor L1 and the load;
the lithium battery, the current limiting resistors R3-R10, the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3 and the MOSFET switch tube SW4 form a logic control circuit; the household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold starting system outputs corresponding control signals to the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3 by detecting the temperature of the lithium battery, and utilizes the logic control circuit to control the on-off states of the MOSFET switch tubes SW 1-SW 3, so that different circuits are built to sequentially realize an internal active heating mode, a boosting auxiliary heating mode, a super-capacitor auxiliary heating mode and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode of the lithium battery.
In an alternative embodiment, please refer to the circuit topology structure diagram of the low-temperature cold start system of the home energy storage lithium battery shown in fig. 2, the circuit connection relationship of the low-temperature cold start system of the home energy storage lithium battery includes:
the positive electrode of the lithium battery is connected with the input end of the optocoupler SH1 and the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW 4;
The output end of the optocoupler SH1 is connected with the input end of the optocoupler SH2, and the output end of the optocoupler SH1 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW3 through the current limiting resistor R9;
the output end of the optocoupler SH2 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW4, and the output end of the optocoupler SH2 is connected with the cathode of the lithium battery through the current limiting resistor R4;
the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW4 is connected with the cathode of the lithium battery through the current limiting resistor R3, and the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW4 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW2 through the current limiting resistor R8;
the positive electrode of the super capacitor is connected with the input end of the optocoupler SH3, the output end of the optocoupler SH3 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW1 through a current limiting resistor R7, and the output end of the optocoupler SH3 is connected with the negative electrode of the super capacitor through a current limiting resistor R10;
one end of the heating element R1 is connected with the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW1, and the other end of the heating element R1 is connected with the negative electrode of the lithium battery;
the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the lithium battery, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW1 and the input end of the optocoupler SH 3;
one end of the inductor L1 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D2, the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW3 and one end of the current limiting resistor R2;
The source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW3 is connected with the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2 and is connected with the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW 2;
the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is connected with the cathode of the super capacitor and the cathode of the lithium battery;
the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the input end of the optocoupler SH3, the anode of the super capacitor and the anode of the load;
the negative electrode of the load is connected with the super capacitor and the negative electrode of the lithium battery;
the current limiting resistors R5, R6 and R9 are respectively connected to the signal input ends of the optocouplers SH1, SH2 and SH 3.
The optocouplers SH 1-SH 3 have a circuit protection function of isolating strong current from weak current.
In an alternative embodiment, the heating element R1 may include a thermistor, abbreviated as PTC. The use of R1 for the heating element in the embodiments of the present invention is not meant to be limited to the resistive form, e.g., the heating element R1 may be a heating film or the like. Any element that can implement a heating function in a circuit may be included in the protection range of the heating element R1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is not particularly limited herein.
In an optional implementation manner, the low-temperature cold start system of the household energy storage lithium battery can detect the temperature of the lithium battery in real time through a temperature detection module, etc., and the temperature detection module can be a temperature sensor, etc., without specific limitation.
In an alternative embodiment, the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 to SW3 are of NMOS type, and the MOSFET switch tube SW4 is of PMOS type.
In an alternative implementation manner, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor R2 is the ratio of the rated voltage of the lithium battery to the maximum current limit; as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, by the above arrangement, the resistance of the current limiting resistor R2 is a minimum value, and specifically, the resistance of the current limiting resistor R2 is less than 1 ohm, or even less than 0.1 ohm. Similarly, the resistance of the current limiting resistors R3-R10 is smaller than the ratio of the rated voltage of the MOSFET switch tube to the maximum current limit, and is also an extremely small resistance; in the embodiment of the invention, the MOSFET switch tubes can be selected in the same mode, so that the resistance values of the current limiting resistors R3-R10 are equal or close.
In an optional implementation manner, in the logic control circuit, the optocoupler SH1, the optocoupler SH2, and the MOSFET switch SW4 form a nand gate circuit, which is configured to control turn-off and turn-on of the MOSFET switch SW 2. This part can be understood in connection with fig. 2 and the following fig. 4.
In the embodiment of the invention, the control signals output to the optocouplers SH1 and SH3 by the low-temperature cold start system of the household energy storage lithium battery are temperature control signals; the control signals output to the optocoupler SH2 by the low-temperature cold start system of the household energy storage lithium battery are PWM signals and temperature control signals; the temperature control signal is a control signal generated by temperature triggering, specifically a high level signal and a low level signal. The PWM (pulse width modulation) signal is composed of periodic high and low levels.
The household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold starting system automatically controls the on or off states of the three MOSFET switch tubes SW 1-SW 3 through temperature control signals and the logic control circuit, so that the purposes of internal heating, external heating or heat preservation of the lithium battery, rapid cold starting, battery heating and the like can be realized. The following will explain the present invention in detail.
In an optional implementation manner, please refer to a schematic flow chart of a control method corresponding to the low-temperature cold start system of a household energy storage lithium battery shown in fig. 3, the low-temperature cold start system of the household energy storage lithium battery outputs a corresponding control signal to the optocouplers SH1 to SH3 by detecting the temperature of the lithium battery, and the logic control circuit is used to control on and off states of the MOSFET switching tubes SW1 to SW3, so as to construct different circuits to sequentially realize an internal active heating mode, a boost auxiliary heating mode, a super-capacitor auxiliary heating mode and a conventional auxiliary heating mode of the battery, and the method may include the following steps:
s100, when the household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold starting system detects that the temperature of the lithium battery is smaller than a first preset temperature, a low-level temperature control signal is output to the optocoupler SH1 and the optocoupler SH3, a PWM signal is output to the optocoupler SH2, the logic control circuit is utilized to control the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 to be turned off, and the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is controlled to be turned on, so that a rapid self-heating circuit and a lithium battery starting circuit are constructed, and an internal active heating mode of the lithium battery is realized;
S200, when the household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold starting system detects that the temperature of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and is equal to or equal to the second preset temperature, a high-level temperature control signal is output to the optocoupler SH1 and the optocoupler SH3, a PWM signal is output to the optocoupler SH2, the logic control circuit is utilized to control the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 to be conducted, and the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is controlled to be conducted and turned off at a high frequency, so that an external heating circuit of the lithium battery and a voltage compensation circuit of the lithium battery are constructed, and a boosting auxiliary heating mode is realized;
s300, when the low-temperature cold starting system of the household energy storage lithium battery detects that the temperature of the lithium battery is higher than the second preset temperature, a high-level temperature control signal is output to the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3, the logic control circuit is utilized to control the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 to be conducted, the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is controlled to be turned off, and therefore a super capacitor power supply circuit and a lithium battery conventional output power supply circuit are sequentially built, and a super capacitor auxiliary heating mode and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode are correspondingly realized;
wherein the first preset temperature is less than the second preset temperature. For example, the first preset temperature may be a preset lower temperature limit, for example, may be-40 ℃; the second preset temperature may be a preset normal temperature start temperature, for example, may be 0 ℃; the first preset temperature and the second preset temperature are preset according to the working environment and battery characteristics of the household energy storage lithium battery system or device, and are not particularly limited.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the control signals corresponding to different temperatures are shown in fig. 4. In the first column of fig. 4, SH1 (SW 3) represents SH1 and SW3, and the rest of the first column has similar meaning because the control signals received by both are identical, which is not described in detail herein.
It can be understood that the optocoupler SH1 directly controls the MOSFET switch tube SW3 with a temperature control signal received by itself, the optocoupler SH3 directly controls the MOSFET switch tube SW1 with a temperature control signal received by itself, when the temperature of the lithium battery is less than the first preset temperature, the corresponding temperature control signal is a low level signal, and when the temperature of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature, the corresponding temperature control signal is a high level signal. The control signals received by the optocoupler SH2 are PWM signals and temperature control signals, when the temperature of the lithium battery is less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the control signals are PWM signals, and when the temperature of the lithium battery is greater than the second temperature level, the control signals are high-level temperature control signals.
And the control signal received by the MOSFET switch SW2 is output by the optocoupler SH1, the optocoupler SH2 and the MOSFET switch SW4, and is a high-level signal when the temperature of the lithium battery is less than the first preset temperature, and is a PWM signal when the temperature of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and less than or equal to the second preset temperature, and is a low-level signal when the temperature of the lithium battery is greater than the second preset temperature.
Wherein, the duty ratio of the PWM signal input to the optocoupler SH2 is，/>In the boost assist heating mode, the duty ratio of the PWM signal inputted to the MOSFET switch SW2 is set.
The working process and working principle of the system according to the embodiment of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the description of the above steps.
For S100, when the household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold start system needs to be started quickly, the temperature of the lithium battery is relatively low in a cold environment for a long time, and the direct start needs large current due to the load, so that the system cannot be started normally or reliably due to the fact that the lithium battery has large voltage drop. The prior art generally adopts a battery heating system to preheat so as to improve the temperature of the lithium battery, but a certain preheating time is needed, and quick start is difficult. Meanwhile, under cold conditions, the heat of the system is automatically consumed, and the efficiency is extremely low due to long-time low-power heating. In order to avoid extra waiting time, the embodiment of the invention considers that the super capacitor can directly provide starting current, but the super capacitor can only provide instantaneous high current, and the output of the high current for a long time inevitably leads to voltage drop, so the embodiment of the invention considers that when the temperature of the lithium battery is extremely low and needs to be started, the internal active self-heating is carried out on the lithium battery during the period that the super capacitor provides the high current.
Wherein, construct quick self-heating circuit and lithium cell starting circuit, realize the inside initiative heating mode of lithium cell, include:
the lithium battery, the inductor L1, the current limiting resistor R2 and the MOSFET switch tube SW2 construct the rapid self-heating circuit; constructing the lithium battery starting circuit by the super capacitor and the load; in the rapid self-heating circuit, a positive electrode of the lithium battery is connected with one end of the inductor L1, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with one end of the current limiting resistor R2, the other end of the current limiting resistor R2 is connected with a drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW2, and a source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is connected with a negative electrode of the lithium battery; the positive electrode of the super capacitor in the lithium battery starting circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the load, and the negative electrode of the super capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the load;
the rapid self-heating circuit generates instantaneous short-circuit current which does not exceed the maximum discharge multiplying power of the lithium battery based on the current limiting resistor R2, so that the internal active self-heating and current limiting of the lithium battery are realized, and in the internal active self-heating process of the lithium battery, the super capacitor independently supplies power to the load for starting, so that the internal active heating mode of the lithium battery is integrally realized.
Specifically, when the temperature of the lithium battery is detected to be lower than the first preset temperature, the control signals provided for the optocouplers SH1 and SH3 are low-level temperature control signals, the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 are controlled to be turned off, the control signals provided for the optocoupler SH2 are PWM signals, the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is controlled to be turned on, at this time, the current of the lithium battery is heated through the inductor L1, the MOSFET switch tube SW2 and the current limiting resistor R2, and because the resistance value of the current limiting resistor R2 is small, the internal current of the lithium battery is large in a short time and corresponds to instantaneous short-circuit current, at this time, the lithium battery realizes internal active heating through self-internal resistance heating, thereby realizing a high-power heating mode and reducing the preheating time and energy consumption of the lithium battery during cold starting; in addition, by setting the resistance value of the current limiting resistor R2, the embodiment of the invention can ensure that the generated instantaneous short-circuit current does not exceed the maximum discharge multiplying power of the lithium battery, thereby realizing current limiting and playing a role of protecting a circuit. And in the internal self-heating process of the lithium battery, the super capacitor is used for independently supplying power to the load for starting. Therefore, the stage of the embodiment of the invention can realize the rapid self-heating of the lithium battery through internal active heating, and meanwhile, the super capacitor can realize rapid starting by matching with the initial load voltage. The principle of circuit operation at this time can be understood in conjunction with the current path diagram of the internal active heating mode shown in fig. 5, where the black bold line indicates the current path at this time.
For S200, after active self-heating of the interior of the lithium battery is carried out, the temperature of the lithium battery is rapidly increased, so that the polarization resistance is reduced, and a lithium battery voltage output platform is obviously reduced.
Wherein, construct lithium cell external heating circuit and lithium cell voltage compensation circuit, realize the supplementary heating mode that steps up, include:
the lithium battery, the super capacitor, the diode D1, the MOSFET switch tube SW1 and the resistance heating element R1 construct an external heating circuit of the lithium battery; the lithium battery voltage compensation circuit is constructed by the lithium battery, the inductor L1, the MOSFET switch tubes SW2 and SW3, the diode D2, the super capacitor and the load;
in the external heating circuit of the lithium battery, the positive electrode of the lithium battery is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D1, the negative electrode of the diode D1 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW1 and the positive electrode of the super capacitor, the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW1 is connected with one end of the heating element R1, and the other end of the heating element R1 is connected with the negative electrodes of the lithium battery and the super capacitor;
In the lithium battery voltage compensation circuit, the positive electrode of the lithium battery is connected with one end of the inductor L1, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW2 and the positive electrode of the diode D2, the negative electrode of the diode D2 is connected with the super capacitor and the positive electrode of the load, and the source electrodes of the super capacitor, the load and the MOSFET switch tube SW2 are connected with the negative electrode of the lithium battery;
the boost output of the lithium battery is realized, the super capacitor is connected in parallel, so that starting power is provided, the voltage of the lithium battery is compensated by utilizing the super capacitor, meanwhile, the load and the heating element R1 are powered, external auxiliary heating is realized by utilizing the heating element R1, and the boost auxiliary heating mode is integrally realized.
Specifically, when the temperature of the lithium battery is detected to be greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and less than or equal to the second preset temperature, the control signals provided for the optocouplers SH1 and SH3 are high-level temperature control signals, the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 are controlled to be conducted, the control signals provided for the optocoupler SH2 are PWM signals, the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is controlled to be frequently conducted and turned off, the boost output of the lithium battery is realized, the boost output is provided with starting power, the super capacitor is connected in parallel with the lithium battery and compensates the voltage of the lithium battery by utilizing the super capacitor, and the voltage output of the lithium battery is obviously reduced due to the fact that the polarization resistance in the lithium battery is rapidly increased when the lithium battery is started at low temperature and high current, and the boost of the lithium battery can effectively ensure the stable voltage output of the system; meanwhile, the MOSFET switch tube SW1 is conducted to supply power for the load and the heating element R1, and the heating element R1 is used for external auxiliary heating, so that boost auxiliary heating can be realized, the boost auxiliary heating is used as an external auxiliary heating mode of the lithium battery, and the boost output of the lithium battery can further improve the heating speed of the battery. Furthermore, turning on the MOSFET switch SW3 can reduce the power loss on the current limiting resistor R2 during the boosting process. The circuit operation principle at this time can be understood with reference to the current path diagram of the boost assist heating mode shown in fig. 6, in which the black bold line indicates the current path at this time.
For S300, through lithium battery boost output and external auxiliary heating, the system can reach a state of normal temperature complete start, at this moment, when the lithium battery temperature is higher than the second preset temperature, control signals provided for the optocouplers SH1, SH2 and SH3 are all high-level temperature control signals, at this moment, the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 are conducted, the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is turned off, direct output of the lithium battery is realized, power is supplied to the load and the heating element R1, and auxiliary heating is performed by using the heating element R1. And a super capacitor power supply circuit and a lithium battery conventional output power supply circuit are sequentially constructed, and a super capacitor auxiliary heating mode and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode are correspondingly realized.
The super capacitor power supply circuit and the lithium battery conventional output power supply circuit are sequentially constructed, and the super capacitor auxiliary heating mode and the battery conventional auxiliary heating mode are correspondingly realized, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) When the voltage of the super capacitor is higher than that of the lithium battery, the heating element R1, the MOSFET switch tube SW1, the super capacitor and the load construct a super capacitor power supply circuit; the super capacitor supplies power to the load and the heating element R1 so as to realize external auxiliary heating by using the heating element R1 and realize a super capacitor auxiliary heating mode; the circuit working principle at this time can be understood by combining the current path diagram of the auxiliary heating mode of the super capacitor shown in fig. 7; wherein the black bold line indicates the current path at this time.
At this time, the boost operation is stopped, the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 are kept on, the lithium battery is normally output through the diode D1, and external auxiliary heating can be realized by using the heating element R1, at this time, the super capacitor will discharge to provide energy for the load and the heating element R1 performing external auxiliary heating due to the fact that the voltage of the super capacitor is higher than the voltage of the lithium battery caused by the early boost, so that the heating element R1 provides a heating function, and auxiliary heating of the super capacitor is realized.
2) When the voltage of the super capacitor is smaller than or equal to the voltage of the lithium battery, the heating element R1, the MOSFET switch tube SW1, the lithium battery, the diode D1 and the load construct a conventional output power supply circuit of the lithium battery; the lithium battery directly outputs power for the load and the heating element R1, so that external auxiliary heating is realized by using the heating element R1, and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode is realized. The circuit operation principle at this time can be understood with reference to the current path diagram of the conventional auxiliary heating mode of the battery shown in fig. 8; wherein the black bold line indicates the current path at this time.
When the discharge voltage of the super capacitor is smaller than or equal to the voltage of the lithium battery, the discharge voltage of the super capacitor and the discharge voltage of the lithium battery are connected in parallel in a passive mode to jointly provide power for the load and the heating element R1, the super capacitor is a power filter at the moment, the power is passively provided or the redundant output power of the lithium battery is absorbed, and meanwhile heating or heat preservation is achieved through the heating element R1, namely conventional auxiliary heating of the battery is achieved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the MOSFET switch tube SW1 is used for controlling the lithium battery to perform external auxiliary heating by using the heating element R1; the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is used for controlling the internal active heating of the lithium battery and the boost output of the lithium battery; when the MOSFET switch tube SW3 is turned on, energy consumption on a current-limiting resistor in the boosting process of the lithium battery can be avoided; the MOSFET switch tube SW2 and the MOSFET switch tube SW3 are used for controlling the direct output of the lithium battery.
According to the low-temperature cold starting system for the household energy storage lithium battery, when the household energy storage lithium battery needs to be started quickly, the temperature of the lithium battery is relatively low in a cold environment for a long time, the direct starting requires large current due to the fact that the load is large, the lithium battery has large pressure drop, ignition cannot be achieved, and active self-heating of the lithium battery is considered. Meanwhile, in order to avoid extra waiting time, the super capacitor can directly provide starting current, but the super capacitor can only provide instantaneous heavy current, and the long-time heavy current output inevitably leads to voltage drop, so that the lithium battery realizes internal active heating through the internal active heating mode of the lithium battery during the heavy current provided by the super capacitor, so that the polarization resistance is reduced after the temperature of the lithium battery is rapidly increased, and then the lithium battery is switched to the boosting auxiliary heating mode to realize the boosting high-power output of the lithium battery, and meanwhile, the external auxiliary heating is realized, after the system is completely started, the boosting is stopped, the normal output of the lithium battery is realized, and the lithium battery is sequentially switched to the super capacitor auxiliary heating mode and the battery normal auxiliary heating mode along with the change of the voltage of the super capacitor, so that the heat preservation of the system is realized, and the output capacity is kept under the low-temperature condition.
Compared with the traditional self-heating mode of the lithium battery, the embodiment of the invention does not need to preheat in advance, but automatically controls the on-off state of the MOSFET switch tube through the control signal and the logic control circuit to switch modes, so that different heating modes of the lithium battery can be realized. The internal rapid self-heating of the lithium battery can be realized through the integrated internal active heating and boost output, the stable voltage output of the load end is ensured, the external rapid heating can be realized through the external auxiliary heating, the heat preservation function is realized, the internal and external heating speed of the system can be improved, the stable voltage output of the load end and the rapid response capability of the system are ensured, and the working performance of the household energy storage lithium battery under a low-temperature environment can be improved. In addition, the mode switching of the embodiment of the invention is realized based on the control signal and the logic control circuit hardware, and an additional control module is not required to be added, so that the complexity and the cost of the system are not increased.
Furthermore, according to the embodiment of the invention, external heating and heat preservation can be realized through three heating modes of boosting auxiliary heating, super capacitor auxiliary heating and conventional auxiliary heating of a battery.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A low temperature cold start system for a household energy storage lithium battery, comprising:
the lithium battery, the super capacitor, the heating element R1, the current limiting resistors R2-R10, the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3, the MOSFET switching tubes SW 1-SW 4, the diodes D1 and D2, the inductor L1 and the load;
the lithium battery, the current limiting resistors R3-R10, the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3 and the MOSFET switch tube SW4 form a logic control circuit; the household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold starting system outputs corresponding control signals to the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3 by detecting the temperature of the lithium battery, and utilizes the logic control circuit to control the on-off states of the MOSFET switch tubes SW 1-SW 3, so that different circuits are built to sequentially realize an internal active heating mode, a boosting auxiliary heating mode, a super-capacitor auxiliary heating mode and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode of the lithium battery.
2. The domestic energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold start system according to claim 1, wherein the circuit connection relationship of the domestic energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold start system comprises:
the positive electrode of the lithium battery is connected with the input end of the optocoupler SH1 and the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW 4;
the output end of the optocoupler SH1 is connected with the input end of the optocoupler SH2, and the output end of the optocoupler SH1 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW3 through a current-limiting resistor R9;
The output end of the optocoupler SH2 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW4, and the output end of the optocoupler SH2 is connected with the cathode of the lithium battery through a current limiting resistor R4;
the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW4 is connected with the cathode of the lithium battery through a current limiting resistor R3, and the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW4 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW2 through a current limiting resistor R8;
the positive electrode of the super capacitor is connected with the input end of the optocoupler SH3, the output end of the optocoupler SH3 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW1 through a current limiting resistor R7, and the output end of the optocoupler SH3 is connected with the negative electrode of the super capacitor through a current limiting resistor R10;
one end of the heating element R1 is connected with the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW1, and the other end of the heating element R1 is connected with the negative electrode of the lithium battery;
the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the anode of the lithium battery, and the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW1 and the input end of the optocoupler SH 3;
one end of the inductor L1 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D1, and the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with the positive electrode of the diode D2, the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW3 and one end of the current limiting resistor R2;
The source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW3 is connected with the other end of the current-limiting resistor R2 and is connected with the drain electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW 2;
the source electrode of the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is connected with the cathode of the super capacitor and the cathode of the lithium battery;
the cathode of the diode D2 is connected with the input end of the optocoupler SH3, the anode of the super capacitor and the anode of the load;
the negative electrode of the load is connected with the super capacitor and the negative electrode of the lithium battery;
the current limiting resistors R5, R6 and R9 are respectively connected with the signal input ends of the optocouplers SH1, SH2 and SH 3.
3. The low-temperature cold start system of a household energy storage lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein,
the MOSFET switch tubes SW 1-SW 3 are of NMOS type, and the MOSFET switch tube SW4 is of PMOS type.
4. The low-temperature cold start system of a household energy storage lithium battery according to claim 1, wherein,
the resistance value of the current limiting resistor R2 is the ratio of the rated voltage of the lithium battery to the maximum current limit; the resistance of the current limiting resistors R3-R10 is smaller than the ratio of the rated voltage of the MOSFET switch tube to the maximum current limit.
5. The low-temperature cold start system of a household energy storage lithium battery according to claim 2, wherein,
In the logic control circuit, the optocoupler SH1, the optocoupler SH2, and the MOSFET switch SW4 form a nand gate circuit for controlling the turn-off and turn-on of the MOSFET switch SW 2.
6. The low-temperature cold start system of a household energy storage lithium battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control signals output to the optocouplers SH1 and SH3 by the low-temperature cold start system of the household energy storage lithium battery are temperature control signals; the control signals output to the optocoupler SH2 by the low-temperature cold start system of the household energy storage lithium battery are PWM signals and temperature control signals;
the domestic energy storage lithium battery low temperature cold start system outputs corresponding control signals to the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3 by detecting the temperature of the lithium battery, and utilizes the logic control circuit to control the on and off states of the MOSFET switch tubes SW 1-SW 3, so that different circuits are built to sequentially realize an internal active heating mode, a boosting auxiliary heating mode, a super capacitor auxiliary heating mode and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode of the lithium battery, and the domestic energy storage lithium battery low temperature cold start system comprises the following components:
when the household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold starting system detects that the temperature of the lithium battery is smaller than a first preset temperature, a low-level temperature control signal is output to the optocoupler SH1 and the optocoupler SH3, a PWM signal is output to the optocoupler SH2, the logic control circuit is utilized to control the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 to be turned off, and the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is controlled to be turned on, so that a rapid self-heating circuit and a lithium battery starting circuit are constructed, and an internal active heating mode of the lithium battery is realized;
When the household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold starting system detects that the temperature of the lithium battery is greater than or equal to the first preset temperature and less than or equal to the second preset temperature, a high-level temperature control signal is output to the optocoupler SH1 and the optocoupler SH3, a PWM signal is output to the optocoupler SH2, the logic control circuit is utilized to control the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 to be conducted, and the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is controlled to be conducted and turned off at a high frequency, so that an external heating circuit of the lithium battery and a voltage compensation circuit of the lithium battery are built, and a boosting auxiliary heating mode is realized;
when the household energy storage lithium battery low-temperature cold starting system detects that the temperature of the lithium battery is higher than the second preset temperature, a high-level temperature control signal is output to the optocouplers SH 1-SH 3, the logic control circuit is utilized to control the MOSFET switch tubes SW1 and SW3 to be conducted, the MOSFET switch tube SW2 is controlled to be turned off, and therefore a super-capacitor power supply circuit and a lithium battery conventional output power supply circuit are sequentially constructed, and a super-capacitor auxiliary heating mode and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode are correspondingly realized;
wherein the first preset temperature is less than the second preset temperature.
7. The low-temperature cold start system of a household energy storage lithium battery according to claim 6, wherein,
The duty ratio of the PWM signal input to the optocoupler SH2 is，/>In the boost assist heating mode, the duty ratio of the PWM signal inputted to the MOSFET switch SW2 is set.
8. The domestic energy storage lithium battery low temperature cold start system of claim 6, wherein constructing a fast self-heating circuit and a lithium battery start circuit to realize an internal active heating mode of the lithium battery comprises:
the lithium battery, the inductor L1, the current limiting resistor R2 and the MOSFET switch tube SW2 construct the rapid self-heating circuit; constructing the lithium battery starting circuit by the super capacitor and the load; the rapid self-heating circuit generates instantaneous short-circuit current which does not exceed the maximum discharge multiplying power of the lithium battery based on the current limiting resistor R2, so that the internal active self-heating and current limiting of the lithium battery are realized, and in the internal active self-heating process of the lithium battery, the super capacitor independently supplies power to the load for starting, so that the internal active heating mode of the lithium battery is integrally realized.
9. The domestic energy storage lithium battery low temperature cold start system of claim 6, wherein constructing the lithium battery external heating circuit and the lithium battery voltage compensation circuit to realize the boost auxiliary heating mode comprises:
Constructing an external heating circuit of the lithium battery by the lithium battery, the super capacitor, the diode D1, the MOSFET switch tube SW1 and the heating element R1; the lithium battery, the inductor L1, the MOSFET switch tubes SW2 and SW3, the diode D2, the super capacitor and the load construct the lithium battery voltage compensation circuit; the boost output of the lithium battery is realized, the super capacitor is connected in parallel, so that starting power is provided, the voltage of the lithium battery is compensated by utilizing the super capacitor, meanwhile, the load and the heating element R1 are powered, external auxiliary heating is realized by utilizing the heating element R1, and the boost auxiliary heating mode is integrally realized.
10. The system of claim 6, wherein the super capacitor power supply circuit and the lithium battery regular output power supply circuit are sequentially constructed, and the super capacitor auxiliary heating mode and the battery regular auxiliary heating mode are correspondingly implemented, and the system comprises:
when the voltage of the super capacitor is higher than that of the lithium battery, the heating element R1, the MOSFET switch tube SW1, the super capacitor and the load construct a super capacitor power supply circuit; the super capacitor supplies power to the load and the heating element R1 so as to realize external auxiliary heating by using the heating element R1 and realize a super capacitor auxiliary heating mode;
When the voltage of the super capacitor is smaller than or equal to the voltage of the lithium battery, the heating element R1, the MOSFET switch tube SW1, the lithium battery, the diode D1 and the load construct a conventional output power supply circuit of the lithium battery; the lithium battery directly outputs power for the load and the heating element R1, so that external auxiliary heating is realized by using the heating element R1, and a battery conventional auxiliary heating mode is realized.
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