CN117316559A - Optical fiber insulator and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Optical fiber insulator and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117316559A CN117316559A CN202311633335.2A CN202311633335A CN117316559A CN 117316559 A CN117316559 A CN 117316559A CN 202311633335 A CN202311633335 A CN 202311633335A CN 117316559 A CN117316559 A CN 117316559A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- optical fiber
- epoxy resin
- core rod
- sheath
- coating layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 alkyl sulfonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- YXALYBMHAYZKAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-ylmethyl 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-4-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CC2OC2CC1C(=O)OCC1CC2OC2CC1 YXALYBMHAYZKAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012952 cationic photoinitiator Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011353 cycloaliphatic epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- DJUWPHRCMMMSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-ylmethyl) hexanedioate Chemical compound C1CC2OC2CC1COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC1CC2OC2CC1 DJUWPHRCMMMSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005409 triarylsulfonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- OLPZCIDHOZATMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dioxooxathiiran-3-one Chemical class O=C1OS1(=O)=O OLPZCIDHOZATMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UFERIGCCDYCZLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1h-indene Chemical compound C1C=CCC2CC=CC21 UFERIGCCDYCZLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OECTYKWYRCHAKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-vinylcyclohexene dioxide Chemical compound C1OC1C1CC2OC2CC1 OECTYKWYRCHAKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005520 diaryliodonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012954 diazonium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001989 diazonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 26
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009421 internal insulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001029 thermal curing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003679 aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011417 postcuring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004092 self-diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
- H01B19/04—Treating the surfaces, e.g. applying coatings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1218—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing using optical methods; using charged particle, e.g. electron, beams or X-rays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1245—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of line insulators or spacers, e.g. ceramic overhead line cap insulators; of insulators in HV bushings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/005—Insulators structurally associated with built-in electrical equipment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/02—Suspension insulators; Strain insulators
- H01B17/04—Chains; Multiple chains
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/38—Fittings, e.g. caps; Fastenings therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/40—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes epoxy resins
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Insulators (AREA)
- Insulating Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber insulator and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly coating the optical fiber with a coating layer containing epoxy resin; attaching the optical fiber and the core rod to enable the optical fiber to be attached to the cylindrical surface of the core rod; and pressing a sheath and an umbrella skirt on the surface of the core rod by adopting a pressure injection molding process, so that the sheath, the optical fiber and the core rod are integrally molded, and the core rod and the sheath contain epoxy resin which is the same as epoxy resin contained in the coating layer. The optical fiber insulator is prepared by selecting the optical fiber containing the same family epoxy resin, the core rod and the sheath, so that the number of interfaces is reduced; the sheath and the coating layer are made of the same family of epoxy resin materials, and the sheath and the coating layer are physically and chemically connected in the curing process, so that the interface performance of the optical fiber insulator is improved, the service life of the optical fiber composite insulator is effectively prolonged, the running stability is improved, and the degradation condition between the sheath and the core rod is monitored on line by the long-life optical fiber.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing technology and power equipment, in particular to an optical fiber insulator and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The insulator bears mechanical connection and electrical insulation between the lead and the pole tower, so that the mechanical and electrical properties of the insulator are key elements for guaranteeing the safety and normal operation of the power transmission line. The composite insulator is rapidly popularized by virtue of the characteristics of excellent pollution flashover resistance, insulating property, light weight, easy installation and maintenance and the like. In the operation and use process for many years, the composite insulator also exposes the problem that the stability of the material is easily influenced by environmental factors. The composite insulator umbrella skirt sheath can age under the stress effects of surrounding environment, electric field, machinery and the like, so that the problems of hydrophobicity loss, umbrella skirt cracking and the like are caused, and the electrical performance of the insulator is affected. More serious, when the aging effect is accumulated to a certain extent, the aging and brittle failure of the core rod can be caused, the mechanical load bearing capacity and reliability of the core rod are greatly influenced, and serious accidents such as insulator breakage and the like are caused.
Therefore, the online monitoring technology and the detection technology of the composite insulator are developed, the running conditions of the composite insulator, such as the running environment, the mechanical property, the change of the electrical property and the like, are effectively mastered, and the online monitoring technology and the detection technology of the composite insulator have important significance for the safe running of a power grid. At present, performance evaluation of an online composite insulator mainly adopts inspection of online running conditions of the insulator and extraction of a small part of insulators to measure mechanical and electrical performance. The existing method has the defects of low economic benefit, long time consumption, high working strength and the like.
The existing composite insulator online detection methods include an ultraviolet imaging detection method, an infrared diagnosis method, an ultrasonic detection method, a degraded insulator electric field detection method, a surface hydrophobicity electrified detection method and the like. Although the detection means can know the electromechanical properties of the composite insulator to a certain extent, the overall operation condition of the composite insulator running on the network cannot be known in real time, and more detection means are only used for post fault analysis as means for detecting the cause of the fault. In addition, part of the composite insulator on-line monitoring equipment is required to be put on a tower for operation, the working procedure is complex, the requirements on professional skills of workers are high, and the effect is poor in practical work.
The optical fiber has the advantages of wide frequency band, light weight, small volume, no relay and the like, can not be influenced by electromagnetic fields and electromagnetic radiation, and has wide use environment temperature range, long service life and safety. The composite insulator is used for electrical insulation and mechanical support, and optical fibers are added to form the optical fiber composite insulator with the functions of communication carrier and on-line monitoring. The temperature and stress in the running state of the composite insulator are monitored through the fiber Bragg grating, and communication is carried out, so that the novel intelligent insulator capable of realizing self-sensing, self-diagnosis and timely early warning is realized. However, the existing optical fiber composite insulator has the problem that flashover and internal insulation accidents occur during operation, and the service life of the optical fiber composite insulator is far lower than that of a common composite insulator.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of short service life caused by interface problems of the conventional optical fiber composite insulator, an optical fiber insulator and a preparation method thereof are provided.
The technical problems of the invention are solved by the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the optical fiber insulator comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly coating an optical fiber with a coating layer containing epoxy resin;
s2, bonding the optical fiber and the core rod, so that the optical fiber is bonded on the cylindrical surface of the core rod;
and S3, pressing a sheath and an umbrella skirt on the surface of the core rod by adopting an injection molding process, so that the sheath, the optical fiber and the core rod are integrally molded, and the core rod and the sheath contain epoxy resin which is the same as the epoxy resin contained in the coating layer.
In some embodiments, in step S1, the epoxy resin contained in the coating layer is a cycloaliphatic epoxy resin.
In some embodiments, in step S1, the optical fiber is uniformly coated with the coating layer containing the epoxy resin by: the photo-curing coating containing the epoxy resin component is selected as a coating layer material, and the surface of the fiber core is coated by a die during the pultrusion process, so that the fiber core is integrally formed in a photo-curing mode.
In some embodiments, the photocurable coating is an ultraviolet curable coating comprising a cationic photocurable epoxy resin and a cationic photoinitiator.
In some embodiments, the cationic photocurable epoxy resin is a cycloaliphatic epoxy resin comprising a combination of one or more of 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylformate, bis ((3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) methyl) adipate, vinylcyclohexene dioxide, tetrahydroindene diepoxide.
In some embodiments, the cationic photoinitiator includes a combination of one or more of diazonium salts, diaryliodonium salts, triarylsulfonium salts, alkyl sulfonium salts, iron arene salts, sulfonyloxy ketones, organoaluminum complexes, iron-metallocene compounds, and triarylsiloxane ethers.
In some embodiments, the cationic photocurable cycloaliphatic epoxy resin is 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylformate, the cationic photoinitiator is triphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate, and the ratio of 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylformate to triphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate is 100:4-10.
In some embodiments, the attaching process in step S2 specifically includes: and arranging a spiral groove on the surface of the core rod, placing the optical fiber in the spiral groove, and laminating and winding the optical fiber on the core rod.
In some embodiments, the injection molding process is specifically an automatic pressure gelation process by which the sheath and the umbrella skirt are integrally molded to the surface of the mandrel.
The invention also provides an optical fiber insulator, which is prepared by adopting the preparation method of the optical fiber insulator.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the optical fiber insulator is prepared by selecting the optical fiber containing the same family epoxy resin, the core rod and the sheath, so that the operation of introducing insulating glue in the curing process of the traditional sheath is omitted, and the number of interfaces is reduced; the sheath and the coating layer are integrally formed by adopting the same-family epoxy resin material, so that the interface performance of the sheath and the coating layer is superior to that of different-family materials, and the sheath and the coating layer are physically and chemically connected in the curing process, so that the interface performance of the optical fiber insulator is improved, the service life of the optical fiber composite insulator can be effectively prolonged, the running stability is improved, flashover and internal insulation accidents in running are reduced, and the degradation condition between the sheath and the core rod is monitored on line by the long-life optical fiber.
In some embodiments also has the following effect:
the invention also improves the electrical property of the coating layer by selecting the optical fiber with the ultraviolet light curing coating containing the alicyclic epoxy resin component, thereby improving the internal insulation property of the optical fiber insulator, avoiding the phenomena of debonding, bead hanging, bare fiber core, uneven coating and the like occurring when the coating layer adopts the thermocuring alicyclic epoxy resin due to uneven surface of the optical fiber caused by curing time, and guaranteeing the performance of the optical fiber. The invention also decomposes the external force to other directions by winding the optical fiber on the core rod, thereby improving the stress condition of the optical fiber, further prolonging the service life of the optical fiber composite insulator, further improving the running stability and reducing the flashover and internal insulation accidents in the running process.
Other advantages of embodiments of the present invention are further described below.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an optical fiber insulator according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical fiber insulator in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The reference numerals are as follows:
1-umbrella skirt, 2-sheath, 3-optical fiber and 4-core rod.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings in conjunction with the preferred embodiments. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the terms of left, right, upper, lower, top, bottom, etc. are merely relative terms, or refer to the normal use state of the product, and should not be considered as limiting.
The conventional optical fiber insulator related to the technical fields of optical fiber sensing technology and power equipment has an interface problem generally, because the optical fiber on the market at present mostly adopts acrylic or polyimide materials as coating layers to cover fiber cores. These two materials have poor electrical properties and therefore require injection of an insulating gel after embedding the optical fiber to prevent direct breakdown at the optical fiber, particularly to prevent internal insulation breakdown. A plurality of interfaces are introduced in the production process, the more the number of the interfaces is, the greater the probability of generating defects in the air gap between the interfaces in actual operation is, and the problem of the interfaces is generally generated. Flashover and internal insulation accidents occur in the operation of the optical fiber insulator, and the service life of the optical fiber insulator is far lower than that of a common composite insulator. In order to solve the interface problem, multi-axis structural forms such as a punching type, a slotting type, an integral pultrusion type and an integral winding type are designed, but the interface problem cannot be effectively solved, and the service life is prolonged.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of an optical fiber insulator, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, comprising the following steps:
s1, uniformly coating an optical fiber 3 with a coating layer containing epoxy resin;
s2, bonding the optical fiber 3 and the core rod 4, so that the optical fiber 3 is bonded on the cylindrical surface of the core rod 4;
and S3, pressing the sheath 2 and the umbrella skirt 1 on the surface of the core rod 4 by adopting an injection molding process, so that the sheath 2, the optical fiber 3 and the core rod 4 are integrally molded, and the core rod 4 and the sheath 2 contain epoxy resin which is the same as the epoxy resin contained in the coating layer.
The preparation method of the optical fiber insulator specifically comprises the following steps:
a1, preparing a core rod: the mandrel bar 4 is cleaned.
A2, selecting ultraviolet light curing paint containing alicyclic epoxy resin as a coating layer material, carrying out surface coating by a die during fiber core pultrusion, and integrally forming in an ultraviolet light curing mode, so that the optical fiber 3 is uniformly coated with the coating layer containing alicyclic epoxy resin, wherein the ultraviolet light curing paint is selected from cationic light curing alicyclic epoxy resin and light curing paint added with a certain cationic photoinitiator, and the cationic light curing alicyclic epoxy resin comprises the following components: 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylformate (cas designated 2386-87-0), bis ((3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) methyl) adipate (cas designated 3130-19-6), vinylcyclohexene dioxide, tetrahydroindene diepoxide. Cationic photoinitiators such as: combinations of one or more of diazonium salts, diaryliodonium salts, triarylsulfonium salts, alkyl sulfonium salts, iron arene salts, sulfonyloxy ketones, organoaluminum complexes, iron-cyclopentadienyl salts, and triarylsiloxane ethers. When the cationic photo-curing alicyclic epoxy resin is 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylformate, and the cationic photoinitiator is triphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate under the condition of triarylsulfonium salts, the ratio of the two can be 100:4-10, preferably 100:6, and the curing reaction is complete at the ratio of 100:6, so that the system curing rate is highest.
A3, arranging a spiral groove on the surface of the core rod 4, placing the optical fiber 3 in the spiral groove, and tightly winding the optical fiber 3 on the core rod, so that the optical fiber 3 is tightly wound and tightly attached on the cylindrical surface of the core rod 4.
A4, pressing the sheath 2 and the umbrella skirt 1 on the surface of the core rod 4 by adopting an injection molding process, so that the sheath, the optical fiber and the core rod 4 are integrally injection molded, and the core rod 4 and the sheath 2 contain epoxy resin which is the same as the epoxy resin contained in the coating layer. The injection molding process adopts an automatic pressure gel process, specifically, the core rod 4 is placed in an injection mold, the sheath 2 and the umbrella skirt 1 are thermally cured and molded through an injection machine, and the production of the optical fiber insulator is completed, wherein the umbrella skirt is one or a combination of a plurality of vulcanized silicone rubber and alicyclic epoxy resin.
The epoxy resin in the embodiment is alicyclic epoxy resin, because the epoxy resin has good technological performance, is relatively easy to process, and has very excellent electric characteristics such as arc resistance, tracking resistance and the like. The umbrella skirt can be formed by other processes, such as extrusion and bag penetrating, which belongs to secondary forming, and an interface exists between the sheath and the umbrella skirt. The integral injection one-time molding process adopted in the embodiment is an automatic pressure gel process directly carried out on the umbrella skirt and the sheath, and the process reduces the interface between the sheath and the umbrella skirt and further improves the interface performance of the optical fiber insulator. The automatic pressure gel process has the following advantages:
1. the purpose of forcedly supplementing the shrinkage of the gel is achieved by continuously applying constant pressure to the epoxy casting material, and the gel is rapidly formed at high temperature. The surface of the product has no defect, the internal stress is low, the solidified material is compact, the dimensional accuracy is high, the electromechanical performance is excellent, and the product qualification rate is high.
2. Because the gel curing time is short, the utilization rate of the die is greatly improved, the production period is shortened, the post curing can be carried out only by removing flash after demolding, the production efficiency is high, the product cost is low, and the labor intensity is low.
Example 2
The optical fiber insulator prepared by the preparation method of the optical fiber insulator in the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 2, and comprises an optical fiber 3, a core rod 4, an alicyclic epoxy resin sheath 2 and an umbrella skirt 1; the optical fiber 3 is arranged on the cylindrical surface of the core rod 4, and the optical fiber 3 is provided with a uniform coating layer containing epoxy resin; the sheath 2 contains epoxy resin, the sheath 2 is integrally injection molded on the cylindrical surface of a core rod 4 provided with an optical fiber 3, and the umbrella skirt 1 is arranged on the cylindrical outer surface of the alicyclic epoxy resin sheath 2; the mandrel 4 contains an epoxy resin of the same family as the epoxy resin contained in the coating layer, and the sheath 2 contains an epoxy resin of the same family as the epoxy resin contained in the mandrel 4.
Specifically, the optical fiber composite insulator structure of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 2, and is composed of four parts including a core rod 4, an optical fiber 3, a sheath 2 and an umbrella skirt 1. The core rod 4 is formed by pulling and curing epoxy resin impregnated glass fiber. Wherein impregnation refers to fully immersing the reinforcing material into the glue tank. In other embodiments, the surface of the core rod 4 is provided with a groove matched with the optical fiber 3, the optical fiber 3 is wound on the groove, specifically, a spiral groove is formed on the outer surface of the core rod 4, the optical fiber 3 is placed in the spiral groove and wound on the core rod 4, and the surface of the core rod 4 is ensured to be smooth and free of obvious defects. The optical fiber 3 is formed by integrally pultrusion three parts of a fiber core, a cladding and a coating layer, wherein the coating layer is a coating containing an epoxy resin component, and the interface performance between the core rod 4 and the optical fiber 3 and the sheath 2 can be effectively improved by adding the epoxy resin as the coating layer component. The sheath 2 is made of epoxy resin which is the same family as the coating layer of the optical fiber 3, and specifically, the coating layer and the sheath 2 are both made of paint containing alicyclic epoxy resin components. The alicyclic epoxy resin material has low viscosity, good technological performance and easy processing. The cured product has high crosslinking degree, high temperature resistance, excellent arc resistance, excellent tracking resistance and other electrical characteristics. The umbrella skirt 1 part can be selected from vulcanized silicone rubber or alicyclic epoxy resin according to design requirements.
The principle of good interface performance of the optical fiber composite insulator in the embodiment is as follows:
in the embodiment, the coating layer, the core rod 4 and the sheath 2 are all made of epoxy resin, the process of introducing insulating glue is omitted in the curing process of the sheath 2, and the alicyclic epoxy resin sheath 2 plays a role of omitting the insulating glue, so that the number of interfaces is reduced. And the interface performance of the coating layer and the sheath 2 made of the same group material (namely the epoxy resin and the epoxy resin) is better than that of the interface performance of the different group materials (the silicon rubber and the epoxy resin), and the sheath 2 made of the same group material and the coating layer are not only physically connected but also chemically connected in the curing process, so that the interface performance is improved.
Conventional cycloaliphatic epoxy resins are generally produced by thermal curing, and the epoxy resin is cured by changing the temperature to convert the epoxy resin from a liquid to a solid, and the whole curing time is about 3-5 hours. The optical fiber has different coating curing modes, and is integrally formed by carrying out surface coating through a die and ultraviolet curing production modes during the pultrusion of the fiber core, and the whole curing time only needs 5-10 seconds. If the thermocuring alicyclic epoxy resin is used as the coating layer of the optical fiber, the phenomena of debonding, bead hanging, bare fiber core, uneven coating and the like can occur inevitably due to uneven surface of the optical fiber caused by curing time, and the performance of the optical fiber is seriously affected. The difference of curing modes and curing time leads to the fact that the existing heat curing production process and formula cannot be applied to optical fiber photo-curing production.
In order to solve the problem of uneven surface of the optical fiber caused by different curing modes and curing time, the cycloaliphatic epoxy resin formula cured by ultraviolet light is provided as an optical fiber coating layer, the technical obstacle that the epoxy resin formula cannot be applied to the optical fiber field in the insulator field is broken through, the formula has better electrical performance compared with the traditional coating layer formula, and meanwhile, the formula can be chemically connected with a sheath of an epoxy resin material, so that the interface performance of the optical fiber insulator is improved, and the blank in the field is made up. Specifically, in the sheath curing process, the optical fiber coating layer is subjected to secondary curing in a heating state, so that the crosslinking degree between the sheath and the optical fiber coating layer is enhanced, the coating layer adopts ultraviolet light curing coating containing alicyclic epoxy resin components, and the electrical property and the interface property are improved on the basis of keeping the basic property of the optical fiber.
Because the service life problem caused by interface problem generally exists in the existing optical fiber composite insulator, the embodiment of the invention provides a novel optical fiber insulator based on alicyclic epoxy resin, and the novel optical fiber structure design and implantation method are adopted, so that the aim is to minimize the number of interface introduction caused by the action of embedding optical fibers by adopting the alicyclic epoxy resin as an integrally formed sheath, adopting the alicyclic epoxy resin as an optical fiber coating layer, and adopting the optical fiber coating layer of the alicyclic epoxy resin to give consideration to interface performance and electrical performance; the optical fiber wound on the surface of the core rod is infiltrated and solidified by the alicyclic epoxy resin with good interface performance, the alicyclic epoxy resin with good interface performance is adopted to serve as a sheath of the optical fiber insulator and a material of an optical fiber coating layer, the optical fiber wound on the surface of the core rod is infiltrated and solidified, the optical fiber is fixed on the interface of the insulator core rod and the sheath, the number of interfaces is reduced, the internal insulation performance is improved, the interface performance is improved, mechanical support is provided, the service life problem caused by the interface performance and the stress of the optical fiber of the existing optical fiber insulator is effectively improved, the service life of the optical fiber composite insulator is effectively prolonged, the operation stability is improved, and the long-service life online monitoring function is realized.
The advantages of this embodiment are as follows:
(1) The embodiment provides a novel optical fiber based on an alicyclic epoxy resin coating layer, and provides an alicyclic epoxy resin formula which meets the production mode of a common optical fiber and is cured through ultraviolet light as an optical fiber 3 coating layer, so that the electrical performance and the interface performance are improved on the basis of keeping the basic performance of the optical fiber 3. The preparation method of the optical fiber insulator and the optical fiber insulator provided by the embodiment of the invention have practical values for the insulator industry, and have obvious differences and technical advancement compared with the existing optical fiber insulator.
(2) The embodiment also provides a new optical fiber insulator structure, the novel optical fiber 3 is wound on the surface of the core rod 4, the surface of the core rod 4 can be provided with a spiral groove for assembling the optical fiber 3, and the alicyclic epoxy resin sheath 2 is pressed by adopting a pressure injection molding process after the optical fiber 3 is wound on the core rod 4. The preparation method of the optical fiber insulator can effectively solve the problem of internal insulation of the optical fiber insulator and improve the interface performance. The optical fiber linear implantation and the optical fiber spiral implantation are also attached to the core rod 4, compared with the optical fiber linear implantation, the optical fiber spiral implantation is stressed in other directions under the radial stress and stretching conditions, so that the stress condition of the optical fiber 3 is improved, the service life of the optical fiber insulator under the stress is protected and prolonged, and the fracture probability of the optical fiber is reduced. The optical fiber spiral implantation mode can improve the stress condition of the optical fiber, and meanwhile, the interface degradation condition between the sheath 2 and the core rod 4 can be monitored through the optical fiber 3.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several equivalent substitutions and obvious modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the same should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the optical fiber insulator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, uniformly coating an optical fiber with a coating layer containing epoxy resin;
s2, bonding the optical fiber and the core rod, so that the optical fiber is bonded on the cylindrical surface of the core rod;
and S3, pressing a sheath and an umbrella skirt on the surface of the core rod by adopting an injection molding process, so that the sheath, the optical fiber and the core rod are integrally molded, and the core rod and the sheath contain epoxy resin which is the same as the epoxy resin contained in the coating layer.
2. The method of manufacturing an optical fiber insulator according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the epoxy resin contained in the coating layer is a cycloaliphatic epoxy resin.
3. The method for manufacturing an optical fiber insulator according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the optical fiber is uniformly coated with the coating layer containing the epoxy resin by: the photo-curing coating containing the epoxy resin component is selected as a coating layer material, and the surface of the fiber core is coated by a die during the pultrusion process, so that the fiber core is integrally formed in a photo-curing mode.
4. The method of manufacturing an optical fiber insulator according to claim 3, wherein the photo-curing coating is an ultraviolet light curing coating comprising a cationic photo-curing epoxy resin and a cationic photoinitiator.
5. The method of making an optical fiber insulator of claim 4 wherein the cationic photocurable epoxy resin is a cycloaliphatic epoxy resin comprising a combination of one or more of 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylformate, bis ((3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) methyl) adipate, vinylcyclohexene dioxide, tetrahydroindene diepoxide.
6. The method of making an optical fiber insulator of claim 4, wherein the cationic photoinitiator comprises one or more combinations of diazonium salts, diaryliodonium salts, triarylsulfonium salts, alkyl sulfonium salts, iron arene salts, sulfonyloxy ketones, organoaluminum complexes, iron salt compounds, and triarylsiloxane ethers.
7. The method of making an optical fiber insulator according to claim 4, wherein the cationic photo-curable epoxy resin is 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylformate, the cationic photoinitiator is triphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate, and the ratio of 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3, 4-epoxycyclohexylformate to triphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate is 100:4-10.
8. The method for manufacturing an optical fiber insulator according to claim 1, wherein the bonding process in step S2 specifically comprises: and arranging a spiral groove on the surface of the core rod, placing the optical fiber in the spiral groove, and laminating and winding the optical fiber on the core rod.
9. The method of manufacturing an optical fiber insulator according to claim 1, wherein the injection molding process is specifically an automatic pressure gel process, and the sheath and the umbrella skirt are integrally molded on the surface of the core rod through the automatic pressure gel process.
10. An optical fiber insulator, characterized in that it is prepared by the method for preparing an optical fiber insulator according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311633335.2A CN117316559B (en) | 2023-12-01 | 2023-12-01 | Optical fiber insulator and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311633335.2A CN117316559B (en) | 2023-12-01 | 2023-12-01 | Optical fiber insulator and preparation method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117316559A true CN117316559A (en) | 2023-12-29 |
| CN117316559B CN117316559B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
Family
ID=89255710
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311633335.2A Active CN117316559B (en) | 2023-12-01 | 2023-12-01 | Optical fiber insulator and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117316559B (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6346405A (en) * | 1986-08-13 | 1988-02-27 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Non-ceramic insulator |
| US20140329023A1 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2014-11-06 | Abb Research Ltd. | Method of producing high voltage electrical insulation |
| CN105097147A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-11-25 | 国家电网公司 | Highly hydrophobic outdoor strain insulator |
| CN111268923A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-12 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Optical fiber coating resin suitable for UV-LED curing |
| CN113410014A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-09-17 | 华南理工大学 | Manufacturing device and method for implanting fiber bragg grating into composite insulator sheath-core rod interface |
| CN114058289A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-18 | 宁波安特弗新材料科技有限公司 | UV visbreaking adhesive and UV visbreaking adhesive tape |
| CN216957603U (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-07-12 | 江东金具设备有限公司 | Optical fiber composite insulator |
| CN114895400A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-12 | 深圳市思珀光电通讯有限公司 | Composite material optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
-
2023
- 2023-12-01 CN CN202311633335.2A patent/CN117316559B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6346405A (en) * | 1986-08-13 | 1988-02-27 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Non-ceramic insulator |
| US20140329023A1 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2014-11-06 | Abb Research Ltd. | Method of producing high voltage electrical insulation |
| CN105097147A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-11-25 | 国家电网公司 | Highly hydrophobic outdoor strain insulator |
| CN111268923A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-12 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Optical fiber coating resin suitable for UV-LED curing |
| CN114058289A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-18 | 宁波安特弗新材料科技有限公司 | UV visbreaking adhesive and UV visbreaking adhesive tape |
| CN113410014A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-09-17 | 华南理工大学 | Manufacturing device and method for implanting fiber bragg grating into composite insulator sheath-core rod interface |
| CN216957603U (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-07-12 | 江东金具设备有限公司 | Optical fiber composite insulator |
| CN114895400A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-08-12 | 深圳市思珀光电通讯有限公司 | Composite material optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN117316559B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2018064949A1 (en) | Composite material-encapsulated fiber grating sensor and manufacturing method therefor | |
| CN106633137B (en) | A kind of manufacturing process of glass fiber/epoxy composite material substrate formula fiber-optic grating sensor | |
| CN102203886B (en) | Method of manufacturing ground-burial type solid insulated transformer | |
| CN105419229A (en) | Winding pipe for hollow composite insulator and preparation method of winding pipe for hollow composite insulator | |
| CN102347121A (en) | Fiber composite insulator and manufacture method thereof | |
| CN117316559B (en) | Optical fiber insulator and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111029054B (en) | Prefabricated core rod of optical fiber composite insulator, mold and manufacturing method of prefabricated core rod | |
| CN101866731B (en) | Polymeric housed arrester and method for preparing no-local-discharge compound-glass fiber winding pipe | |
| CN205177512U (en) | Light optic fibre pillar composite insulator for electric transformer | |
| CN201749749U (en) | Optical fiber composite insulator | |
| CN105295649A (en) | UV photocuring topcoat | |
| CN103552251B (en) | A kind of preparation method of glass fiber compound material motor retaining ring | |
| CN103219108B (en) | Insulator manufacture method | |
| CN109036808A (en) | A kind of air reactor composite insulation structure | |
| CN103247398B (en) | Insulator | |
| CN207765228U (en) | A kind of reusable high pressure photo-electricity mutual-inductor optical fiber composite insulator of multipurpose | |
| CN114147991B (en) | Forming and bonding method for connecting ring | |
| CN112388990A (en) | Intelligent carbon fiber bar with optical fibers implanted inside and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN101493162B (en) | Rectangle thin wall pipe material and method for manufacturing same | |
| CN107796544B (en) | Preparation method of measuring electrode | |
| CN111785461B (en) | High-reliability optical fiber composite insulator and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109817369B (en) | Photoelectric composite self-adhesive enameled wire and preparation process thereof | |
| CN100501447C (en) | Drifting indoor barrel with carbon fiber composite and manufacturing method therefor | |
| CN102646490A (en) | Optical fiber electric/electrician insulating material and insulator thereof and method for preparing optical fiber electric/electrician insulating material | |
| CN117949449A (en) | Method for detecting interface state of high-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber coated insulator |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |