CN117316516B - Ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium chloride Chemical group [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- URXQDXAVUYKSCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH+](C)C URXQDXAVUYKSCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 102100029469 WD repeat and HMG-box DNA-binding protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101710097421 WD repeat and HMG-box DNA-binding protein 1 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012767 functional filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/02—Stranding-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, and provides a ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable which comprises a conductor, an insulating layer, a flame-retardant layer and a protective layer, wherein the conductor is copper monofilament or aluminum monofilament, and the insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 30-40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-10 parts of filler, 1-5 parts of compatilizer and 1-3 parts of antioxidant; the flame-retardant layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and 1-5 parts of flame retardant; the protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, 30-40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5-10 parts of filler, 1-5 parts of compatilizer and 1-3 parts of antioxidant. Through the technical scheme, the problem that the mechanical property and the high temperature resistance of the ceramic high temperature resistant cable in the prior art are poor is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The wire cable is a wire product for transmitting electric energy, transmitting information and realizing electromagnetic energy conversion, along with the rapid development of the power industry, the requirements on the strength and high temperature resistance of the cable are more and more strict, and the fire hazard existing in the aging of the cable is extremely serious, so that the high temperature resistance of the cable is improved mainly by using refractory materials in the wire cable, the refractory materials applied to the cable at present comprise mica tape refractory cables, magnesia mineral insulated cables, flexible fireproof cables and inorganic mineral fireproof refractory cables, but the refractory materials have the defects of poor flexibility, higher production cost and the like in the cable, and the ceramic polymer refractory material is taken as a novel fireproof refractory material and is focused by the power industry.
The ceramic high polymer refractory material is prepared by taking a high polymer as a base material, adding a ceramic forming agent and a functional filler, rapidly ceramic forming at high temperature, forming a compact and complete hard shell, further improving the heat insulation, water blocking, thermal shock resistance and the like of the ceramic high polymer refractory material, and has fire resistance mainly in the aspects of fire insulation and heat insulation, so that the ceramic high polymer refractory material is widely applied to the fields of fireproof and refractory wire cables, fire-fighting auxiliary materials, power battery safety protection, aerospace and the like, at present, the ceramic high polymer refractory material is prepared by taking the ceramic silicon rubber and the ceramic polyolefin refractory material mainly as the base material, preparing the ceramic silicon rubber refractory material is then applied to an insulating layer and a refractory layer in the wire cables, the ceramic polyolefin refractory material is prepared by taking polyolefin resin, the ceramic forming filler, the flame retardant and a processing aid through processing technologies such as high-speed mixing, banburying, double-screw granulation and the like, and the ceramic cable has the problem of poor dispersibility between the filler and the high polymer base material in the preparation method of the ceramic cable, so that the mechanical property and the high temperature resistance of the cable are reduced, and the high temperature resistance of the cable are further, so that the ceramic high temperature resistance of the ceramic high ceramic refractory material is developed, and the ceramic high temperature resistance is an important method is developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems of poor mechanical property and poor high-temperature resistance of the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable in the related technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable which sequentially comprises a conductor, an insulating layer, a flame-retardant layer and a protective layer from inside to outside, wherein the conductor is copper monofilament or aluminum monofilament, and the insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
60-70 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 30-40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-20 parts of ceramic filler, 1-5 parts of compatilizer and 1-3 parts of antioxidant;
The flame-retardant layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
60-70 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and 1-5 parts of flame retardant;
The protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
60-70 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, 30-40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-20 parts of ceramic filler, 1-5 parts of compatilizer and 1-3 parts of antioxidant.
As a further technical scheme, the ceramic filler comprises filler and glass powder; the filler is one or more of talcum powder, kaolin and mica powder.
As a further technical scheme, the weight ratio of the filler to the glass powder is 1:1.
As a further technical scheme, the filler is a composition of talcum powder and mica powder in a weight ratio of 5:5-7:3.
As a further technical scheme, the ceramic filler is modified ceramic filler, and the modified ceramic filler is obtained by modifying ceramic filler by a surfactant and then vinyl triethoxysilane; the preparation method of the modified ceramic filler comprises the following steps:
s1, calcining a ceramic filler at 480-500 ℃ for 1-3 hours, cooling, and crushing to obtain a crushed mixture;
S2, adding the surfactant into water, stirring, adding the crushed mixture, heating to 60-80 ℃, adding vinyl triethoxysilane, stirring for 2-4 hours, and drying to obtain the modified ceramic filler.
As a further technical scheme, the surfactant is a composition of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride in a mass ratio of 6:4-8:2; the addition amount of the surfactant is 1% -3% of the mass of the ceramic filler, and the addition amount of the vinyl triethoxysilane is 0.5% -1% of the mass of the ceramic filler.
As a further technical scheme, the compatilizer is polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride; the flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide.
As a further technical scheme, the antioxidant is one or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168 and antioxidant 300.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable, which comprises the following steps:
a1, uniformly mixing linear low-density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and compatilizer in an insulating layer, mixing, and extruding to obtain an insulating layer material;
A2, after the conductors are twisted, extruding and wrapping the insulating layer material on the twisted conductors to obtain insulating layer wire cores;
a3, filling the insulated wire core with ceramic filler, and twisting to form an insulated cable core;
a4, mixing the flame-retardant layer components, and mixing to obtain a flame-retardant layer mixture;
A5, uniformly mixing the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the compatilizer in the protective layer, mixing, adding the ceramic filler, mixing, and extruding to obtain a protective layer mixture;
and A6, co-extruding the mixture of the insulating cable core and the flame-retardant layer, wrapping the mixture with the mixture of the protective layer, and extruding to obtain the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable.
As a further technical scheme, the temperature of mixing in the step A1 is 130-140 ℃ and the time is 8-10 min; the temperature of mixing in the step A2 is 130-140 ℃ and the time is 5-8 min; and (C) mixing in the step (A4) at the temperature of 140-160 ℃ for 8-10 min.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. in the invention, the cable is divided into an insulating layer, a flame-retardant layer and a protective layer, wherein the insulating layer takes linear low-density polyethylene as a base material, the flame-retardant layer takes ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as a base material, the protective layer takes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene as a base material, and three base materials are cooperatively matched, so that the mechanical property of the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable is improved.
2. In the invention, the ceramic filler is added into the insulating layer and the protective layer, and the ceramic filler can form a compact and hard ceramic body in a high-temperature environment, so that the ceramic filler and the base materials in the insulating layer and the protective layer perform synergistic effect, and the mechanical property and the high-temperature resistance of the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable are further improved.
3. In the invention, the ceramic filler is subjected to simultaneous modification treatment by dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and vinyl triethoxysilane, the surface of the ceramic filler is changed from an inorganic surface to an organic surface, the dispersibility of the ceramic filler and a base material is improved, and the mechanical property and the high temperature resistance of the ceramic high temperature resistant cable are further improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable sequentially comprises a conductor, an insulating layer, a flame-retardant layer and a protective layer from inside to outside, wherein the conductor is copper monofilament, and the insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 30 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 2.5 parts of talcum powder, 2.5 parts of mica powder, 5 parts of glass powder, 1 part of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride and1 part of antioxidant 1010; the flame-retardant layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and1 part of aluminum hydroxide; the protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, 30 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 2.5 parts of talcum powder, 2.5 parts of mica powder, 5 parts of glass powder, 1 part of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride and1 part of antioxidant 1010;
The preparation method of the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A1, uniformly mixing linear low-density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride in an insulating layer, mixing at 130 ℃ for 10min, and extruding by a single screw extruder to obtain an insulating layer material;
A2, after the conductors are twisted, extruding and wrapping the insulating layer material on the twisted conductors to obtain insulating layer wire cores;
A3, filling the insulating wire core with talcum powder, mica powder and glass powder, and twisting to form an insulating cable core;
A4, mixing the flame-retardant layer components, and mixing for 8min at 130 ℃ to obtain a flame-retardant layer mixture;
A5, uniformly mixing the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride in the protective layer, mixing for 10min at 140 ℃, adding talcum powder, mica powder and glass powder, mixing, and extruding by a single screw extruder to obtain a protective layer mixture;
A6, co-extruding the mixture of the insulating cable core and the flame-retardant layer by a double-screw extruder, wrapping the mixture with the mixture of the protective layer, and extruding to obtain the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable.
Example 2
The ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable comprises a conductor, an insulating layer, a flame-retardant layer and a protective layer, wherein the conductor is aluminum monofilament, and the insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 30 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4.8 parts of talcum powder, 3.2 parts of mica powder, 8 parts of glass powder, 3 parts of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride and 2 parts of antioxidant 168; the flame-retardant layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and 3 parts of magnesium hydroxide; the protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, 30 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4.8 parts of talcum powder, 3.2 parts of mica powder, 8 parts of glass powder, 3 parts of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride and 2 parts of antioxidant 168;
The preparation method of the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A1, uniformly mixing linear low-density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and compatilizer in an insulating layer, mixing for 9min at 135 ℃, and extruding by a single screw extruder to obtain an insulating layer material;
A2, after the conductors are twisted, extruding and wrapping the insulating layer material on the twisted conductors to obtain insulating layer wire cores;
A3, filling the insulating wire core with talcum powder, mica powder and glass powder, and twisting to form an insulating cable core;
a4, mixing the flame-retardant layer components, and mixing for 7min at 135 ℃ to obtain a flame-retardant layer mixture;
A5, uniformly mixing the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride in the protective layer, mixing for 9min at 150 ℃, adding talcum powder, mica powder and glass powder, mixing, and extruding by a single screw extruder to obtain a protective layer mixture;
A6, co-extruding the mixture of the insulating cable core and the flame-retardant layer by a double-screw extruder, wrapping the mixture with the mixture of the protective layer, and extruding to obtain the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable.
Example 3
The ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable comprises a conductor, an insulating layer, a flame-retardant layer and a protective layer, wherein the conductor is copper monofilament, and the insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 7 parts of talcum powder, 3 parts of mica powder, 10 parts of glass powder, 5 parts of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride and 3 parts of antioxidant 300; the flame-retardant layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and 5 parts of magnesium hydroxide; the protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, 40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 7 parts of talcum powder, 3 parts of mica powder, 10 parts of glass powder, 5 parts of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride and 3 parts of antioxidant 300;
The preparation method of the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A1, uniformly mixing linear low-density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride in an insulating layer, mixing at 140 ℃ for 8min, and extruding by a single screw extruder to obtain an insulating layer material;
A2, after the conductors are twisted, extruding and wrapping the insulating layer material on the twisted conductors to obtain insulating layer wire cores;
A3, filling the insulating wire core with talcum powder, mica powder and glass powder, and twisting to form an insulating cable core;
a4, mixing the flame-retardant layer components, and mixing for 5min at 140 ℃ to obtain a flame-retardant layer mixture;
A5, uniformly mixing the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride in the protective layer, mixing for 8 minutes at 140 ℃, adding talcum powder, mica powder and glass powder, mixing, and extruding by a single screw extruder to obtain a protective layer mixture;
A6, co-extruding the mixture of the insulating cable core and the flame-retardant layer by a double-screw extruder, wrapping the mixture with the mixture of the protective layer, and extruding to obtain the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 only in that 2 parts of talc, 3 parts of mica powder, 5 parts of glass powder are added;
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 only in that 4 parts of talc, 1 part of mica powder, 5 parts of glass powder are added;
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 6
The difference between this example and example 3 is that talcum powder, mica powder and glass powder are modified by hexadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride and then modified by vinyl triethoxysilane, and the modification preparation method is as follows:
S1, mixing 50g of talcum powder with 50g of mica powder, adding 100g of glass powder, calcining for 2 hours at 490 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and crushing to obtain a crushed mixture;
s2, adding 2g of hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride into water, stirring, adding the crushed mixture, heating to 80 ℃, adding 1g of vinyl triethoxysilane, stirring for 2 hours, and drying to obtain modified ceramic filler;
the remaining steps were the same as in example 3.
Example 7
The difference between this example and example 3 is that talcum powder, mica powder and glass powder are modified by dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and then vinyl triethoxysilane, and the modification preparation method is as follows:
s1, mixing 50g of talcum powder with 50g of mica powder, adding 100g of glass powder, calcining at 480 ℃ for 3 hours, cooling to room temperature, and crushing to obtain a crushed mixture;
S2, adding 2g of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride into water, stirring, adding the crushed mixture, heating to 60 ℃, adding 1g of vinyl triethoxysilane, stirring for 2 hours, and drying to obtain modified ceramic filler;
the remaining steps were the same as in example 3.
Example 8
The difference between this example and example 3 is that talcum powder, mica powder and glass powder are modified by hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, and the modification preparation method is as follows:
S1, mixing 50g of talcum powder with 50g of mica powder, adding 100g of glass powder, calcining for 2 hours at 490 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and crushing to obtain a crushed mixture;
s2, adding 1.2g of hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and 0.8g of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride into water, stirring, adding the crushed mixture, heating to 80 ℃, stirring for 4 hours, and drying to obtain a modified ceramic filler;
the remaining steps were the same as in example 3.
Example 9
The difference between this example and example 3 is that talcum powder, mica powder and glass powder are modified by dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and then modified by vinyl triethoxysilane, and the modification preparation method is as follows:
S1, mixing 50g of talcum powder with 50g of mica powder, adding 100g of glass powder, calcining for 2 hours at 490 ℃, cooling to room temperature, and crushing to obtain a crushed mixture;
S2, adding 1.2g of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and 0.8g of hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride into water, stirring, adding the crushed mixture, heating to 60 ℃, adding 2g of vinyl triethoxysilane, stirring for 2 hours, and drying to obtain a modified ceramic filler;
the remaining steps were the same as in example 3.
Example 10
This example differs from example 9 only in that in the preparation of the modified ceramic filler, 1.4g of dodecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride and 0.6g of hexadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride are added in step S2.
The remaining steps were the same as in example 9.
Example 11
This example differs from example 9 only in that in the preparation of the modified ceramic filler, 1.6g of dodecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride and 0.4g of hexadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride are added in step S2.
The remaining steps were the same as in example 9.
Example 12
This example differs from example 9 only in that in the preparation of the modified ceramifying filler, 1g of dodecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride and 1g of hexadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride are added in step S2;
The remaining steps were the same as in example 9.
Example 13
This example differs from example 9 only in that 1.8g of dodecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride and 0.2g of hexadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride are added in step S2 of the process for preparing the modified ceramic filler;
The remaining steps were the same as in example 9.
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, 20 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 2.5 parts of talcum powder, 2.5 parts of mica powder, 5 parts of glass powder, 1 part of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride and 1 part of antioxidant 1010;
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 30 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 2.5 parts of talcum powder, 2.5 parts of mica powder, 5 parts of glass powder, 1 part of polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride and 1 part of antioxidant 1010;
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the flame retardant layer was replaced with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example differs from example 1 only in that the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the flame retardant layer was replaced with linear low density polyethylene.
The raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples are shown in the following table:
Examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were tested for tensile strength and elongation at break according to GB/T1040.3-2006, and were subjected to a heat aging test according to GB/T32129-2015, the test results are shown in the following table:
according to the data of examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-4, the insulating layer of the invention uses linear low density polyethylene as a base material, the flame-retardant layer uses ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as a base material, the protective layer uses ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene as a base material, and three base materials are cooperated, so that the mechanical properties of the ceramic high temperature resistant cable are improved, and the mechanical properties of the ceramic high temperature resistant cable are remarkably improved due to the different three components of the insulating layer, the flame-retardant layer and the protective layer.
According to the data of the embodiment 1 and the embodiments 6 to 13, the ceramic filler is modified by the synergistic effect of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and then modified by vinyl triethoxysilane, so that the mechanical property and the high temperature resistance of the ceramic high temperature resistant cable are further improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable comprises a conductor, an insulating layer, a flame-retardant layer and a protective layer from inside to outside, and is characterized in that the conductor is copper monofilament or aluminum monofilament, and the insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
60-70 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 30-40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-20 parts of ceramic filler, 1-5 parts of compatilizer and 1-3 parts of antioxidant;
The flame-retardant layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
60-70 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and 1-5 parts of flame retardant;
The protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight:
60-70 parts of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, 30-40 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10-20 parts of ceramic filler, 1-5 parts of compatilizer and 1-3 parts of antioxidant;
The ceramic filler is modified ceramic filler, and the modified ceramic filler is obtained by modifying ceramic filler by a surfactant and then vinyl triethoxysilane;
The surfactant is a composition of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride and hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride with a mass ratio of 6:4-8:2.
2. A ceramified high temperature resistant cable according to claim 1 wherein the ceramifying filler comprises a filler and a glass frit; the filler is one or more of talcum powder, kaolin and mica powder.
3. A ceramified high temperature resistant cable according to claim 2 wherein the weight ratio of filler to glass frit is 1:1.
4. The ceramified high temperature resistant cable of claim 2, wherein the filler is a composition of talcum powder and mica powder in a weight ratio of 5:5-7:3.
5. The ceramified high temperature resistant cable of claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the modified ceramified filler comprises the steps of:
s1, calcining a ceramic filler at 480-500 ℃ for 1-3 hours, cooling, and crushing to obtain a crushed mixture;
S2, adding the surfactant into water, stirring, adding the crushed mixture, heating to 60-80 ℃, adding vinyl triethoxysilane, stirring for 2-4 hours, and drying to obtain the modified ceramic filler.
6. The ceramized high temperature resistant cable of claim 5, wherein the surfactant is added in an amount of 1% -3% by mass of the ceramized filler, and the vinyltriethoxysilane is added in an amount of 0.5% -1% by mass of the ceramized filler.
7. The ceramified high temperature resistant cable of claim 1, wherein the compatibilizer is polyethylene grafted maleic anhydride; the flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide.
8. The ceramified high temperature resistant cable of claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is one or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, antioxidant 300.
9. The method for preparing the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a1, uniformly mixing linear low-density polyethylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and compatilizer in an insulating layer, mixing, and extruding to obtain an insulating layer material;
A2, after the conductors are twisted, extruding and wrapping the insulating layer material on the twisted conductors to obtain insulating layer wire cores;
a3, filling the insulated wire core with ceramic filler, and twisting to form an insulated cable core;
a4, mixing the flame-retardant layer components, and mixing to obtain a flame-retardant layer mixture;
A5, uniformly mixing the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the compatilizer in the protective layer, mixing, adding the ceramic filler, mixing, and extruding to obtain a protective layer mixture;
and A6, co-extruding the mixture of the insulating cable core and the flame-retardant layer, wrapping the mixture with the mixture of the protective layer, and extruding to obtain the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable.
10. The method for preparing the ceramic high-temperature-resistant cable according to claim 9, wherein the mixing temperature in the step A1 is 130-140 ℃ and the mixing time is 8-10 min; the temperature of mixing in the step A2 is 130-140 ℃ and the time is 5-8 min; and (C) mixing in the step (A4) at the temperature of 140-160 ℃ for 8-10 min.
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