CN117313623A - Power device electromagnetic interference characteristic parameter determining method based on RC absorption loop - Google Patents
Power device electromagnetic interference characteristic parameter determining method based on RC absorption loop Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for determining electromagnetic interference characteristic parameters of a power device based on an RC absorption loop, which belongs to the technical field of electronic components and comprises the following steps: obtaining a transfer function according to a switch oscillation equivalent circuit of the RC absorption loop and a switch process state equation; according to the relation between the pole distribution and the oscillation frequency damping coefficient of the fourth-order system, R is calculated s And C s The value is adjusted, the influence of the RC absorption loop on electromagnetic interference is analyzed from the frequency spectrum angle, and the amplitude representation of the processed oscillation frequency spectrum data is obtained; solving the four parameters through a particle swarm algorithm to obtain optimal values of the four parameters, and finally determining R s And C s Is a value of (a). The invention analyzes the relation between the RC absorption loop and the electromagnetic interference of the power device, quantitatively analyzes the action mechanism based on the RC absorption loop, and then analyzes the relation between the switch oscillation and the electromagnetic interference from the frequency spectrum data, and is rapidAnd solving the optimal parameters to determine the spectrum characteristic parameters of the electromagnetic interference.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic components, in particular to a method for determining electromagnetic interference characteristic parameters of a power device based on an RC absorption loop.
Background
Because the switching speed of the power device is high, obvious current and voltage oscillation can be generated in the switching process, and electromagnetic interference of a switching waveform can be increased in the vibration process; in order to reduce current/voltage oscillations of the power device during switching, and to alleviate electromagnetic interference intensity of the system, it is necessary to effectively suppress the switching oscillations generated during switching.
The resistance-capacitance (Resistor and Capaci-tor, RC) absorption loop is a simple and effective inhibition method, and the damping coefficient of the switching process response of the power device is increased by increasing the resistance R, so that switching oscillation is relieved; the RC absorption loop is simple and practical, is widely applied in the power device switch oscillation inhibition process, but the larger resistor R slows down di/dt and dv/dt of the power device and brings excessive switching loss, so that the electromagnetic spectrum of the system superscalar phenomenon is analyzed while the electromagnetic interference problem is analyzed, the relation between the absorption capacitor and the damping coefficient in the oscillation link needs to be analyzed, and the characteristic parameters of the electromagnetic interference need to be determined, so that the problems are considered at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a method for determining the electromagnetic interference characteristic parameters of a power device based on an RC absorption loop, and solves the defects of the existing method for inhibiting the electromagnetic interference only through the RC absorption loop.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: the method for determining the electromagnetic interference characteristic parameters of the power device based on the RC absorption loop comprises the following steps:
obtaining drain current i according to a switch oscillation equivalent circuit of the RC absorption loop and a switch process state equation d With bus voltage v dc Transfer function between，Wherein R is s To absorb the loop resistance, C J Junction capacitance of SIC, C s To absorb loop capacitance, L loop Is loop inductance, L p R is parasitic inductance p For parasitic resistance s represents the frequency response of the system, < +.>Indicating drain current i d Complex expression in transfer function, +.>Representing bus voltage v dc Complex expression in transfer function;
based on the relation between the pole distribution and the oscillation frequency damping coefficient of the fourth-order systemFor R s And C s The values are regulated, the pole distribution of the transfer function of the system is changed, the influence of the RC absorption loop on electromagnetic interference is analyzed from the frequency spectrum angle, and the amplitude expression of the oscillation frequency spectrum data after being processed is +.>Wherein->Representing the value of the pole>Representing the value of pole 1,/->Representing the value of pole 2,/->And->Undamped natural oscillation frequency representing low-frequency and high-frequency oscillations, respectively, < >>And->Representing the frequency of the low-frequency and high-frequency oscillations, respectively, < >>And->Damping coefficient for low-frequency and high-frequency oscillations, respectively, < >>For frequency, mag is a function expression symbol taking the amplitude value of complex number, e represents an exponential function based on e, j represents an imaginary unit;
the oscillating frequency is calculated by particle swarm algorithmAttenuation factor->Initial phase->And maximum amplitude>Solving the four parameters to obtain optimal values of the four parameters;
substituting the optimal value into the amplitude expression of the spectrum data, obtaining the time domain expression of the spectrum data through inverse Fourier transform, and then substituting into the transfer function to determine R s And C s Is a value of (a).
The pair R s And C s The values are regulated, the pole distribution of the transfer function of the system is changed, the influence of the RC absorption loop on electromagnetic interference is analyzed from the frequency spectrum angle, and the amplitude expression of the processed oscillation frequency spectrum data is obtained as followsThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
gradually increase C in initial stage s The high-frequency oscillation gradually increases, the low-frequency oscillation gradually slows down, and C s After increasing to the set value, continue to increase C s When the low-frequency oscillation is completely eliminated, the change of the high-frequency oscillation tends to be stable;
gradually increasing R at initial stage s Both high-frequency oscillation and low-frequency oscillation are suppressedWhen R is s After the value of (2) exceeds the set value, the low-frequency oscillation gradually disappears, and the high-frequency oscillation is aggravated, so that the amplitude expression of the oscillation spectrum data after being processed is obtained.
The oscillating frequency is calculated by the particle swarm algorithmAttenuation factor->Initial phase->And maximum amplitude>Solving the four parameters to obtain optimal values of the four parameters specifically comprises the following steps:
determining an objective function as the sum of squares of the difference between the fitting function and the preprocessing result of the frequency domain test dataThe minimum value of (2) is the optimization objective, wherein +.>Pre-processing test data +.>Amplitude value of individual points +.>Fitting the amplitude value of the function to the corresponding frequency;
setting iteration times g, population number N, dimension d, inertia weight w, self-learning factor c1 and population learning factor c2 by combining the test data quantity;
setting a position limit boundary and a speed limit boundary of four parameter variables according to the test data;
for all populations, randomly initializing within the position and speed limit boundary to obtain the original position x and speed v, and recording as the optimal position of the individual historyPopulation history best position->Optimal fitness of the history of individuals>And population history optimal fitness->；
Iterating the speed and position of all populations while updating、/>、/>、/>；
After the maximum iteration number is reached, outputting the optimal position of the population historyAnd population history optimal fitness->Obtaining +.>、/>、/>、/>Four parameters.
The invention has the following advantages: the method for determining the electromagnetic interference characteristic parameters of the power device based on the RC absorption loop analyzes the relation between the RC absorption loop and the electromagnetic interference of the power device, quantitatively analyzes the action mechanism based on the RC absorption loop, analyzes the relation between the switch oscillation and the electromagnetic interference from frequency spectrum data, rapidly solves the optimal parameters to determine the frequency spectrum characteristic parameters of the electromagnetic interference, and avoids complex formula solving and iterative data trial-and-error. The obtained parameters can be used for further targeted analysis and design, and a great deal of time and cost are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a switching oscillation equivalent circuit of an RC absorption loop;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the pole distribution and the oscillation frequency and damping coefficient of a fourth-order system;
fig. 3 is a comparison graph of the switching waveform spectrum of the power device with or without an RC absorption loop.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, provided in connection with the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application. The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a method for determining electromagnetic interference characteristic parameters of a power device based on an RC absorption loop, which carries out a formula on the relation between the RC absorption loop and switch oscillation by analyzing the action mechanism of the RC absorption loopExpression, in this case time domain expression, in order to determine R s And C s Is determined by the method. The actual electromagnetic compatibility test data are mostly frequency spectrum data, so that four frequency spectrum characteristic parameters of electromagnetic interference are determined from the angle of frequency domain data through an algorithm. Namely, determining characteristic parameters of electromagnetic interference of the power device of the RC absorption loop; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
by analyzing the switching waveform frequency spectrum of the drain-source voltage of the power device, the electromagnetic interference problem of the system is researched. The rising/falling slope of the drain-source voltage, the voltage overshoot and the voltage oscillation are key factors affecting the electromagnetic interference of the system. The rising/falling slope determines the overall change trend of the frequency spectrum, and the voltage overshoot and the voltage oscillation determine the frequency spectrum peak value.
As shown in FIG. 1, the drain current i can be obtained according to the switching oscillation equivalent circuit of the RC absorption loop and the switching process state equation d With bus voltage v dc Transfer function expression between:
wherein R is s To absorb the loop resistance, C J Junction capacitance of SIC, C s To absorb loop capacitance, L loop Is loop inductance, L p R is parasitic inductance p For parasitic resistance, s represents the frequency response of the system,indicating drain current i d Complex expression in transfer function, +.>Representing bus voltage v dc Complex expression in transfer function; under the action of the RC absorption loop, the opening oscillation link of the power device is changed from a second-order system to a fourth-order system according toA fourth order system typically contains two pairs of poles made up of conjugate complex roots, which determine the oscillation frequency and damping coefficient of the system, in relation to theory of control engineering. Meanwhile, the distribution of the two pairs of poles has a certain difference. According to the control engineering related theory, it can be seen that: as shown in fig. 2, a pair of poles near the real axis determine the low-frequency oscillation characteristics; a pair of polar points far from the real axis determine the high-frequency oscillation characteristics by studying R s And C s The influence of the value of the (B) on the distribution of the poles of the transfer function of the system reveals the suppression effect of the (B) on the switch oscillation of the power device.
The relation between the pole distribution and the oscillation frequency and damping coefficient of the fourth-order system is as follows:
wherein,representing the value of the pole>Representing the value of pole 1,/->Representing the value of pole 2,/->Andundamped natural oscillation frequency representing low-frequency and high-frequency oscillations, respectively, < >>And->Representing the frequency of the low-frequency and high-frequency oscillations, respectively, < >>And->Respectively represent the damping coefficients of the low-frequency and high-frequency oscillations. According to the above relational expression, R can be adjusted s And C s And (3) taking a value, changing the pole distribution of a transfer function of the system, and finally achieving the purpose of improving the oscillation frequency and damping coefficient of the system. Here, by studying R s And C s The influence of the value of (2) on the pole distribution of the transfer function of the system reveals the suppression effect of the system on the switching oscillation of the power device.
Analysis of the effect of RC absorption loop on electromagnetic interference from a spectral point of view requires attention to v ds The oscillation link in the switching waveform, therefore, requires the analysis of C by the spectral response of the RC absorption loop to the suppression of switching oscillations s And R is s And a value determining method.
As shown in fig. 3, the presence or absence of the RC absorption loop has a very significant effect on the frequency spectrum of the switching waveform of the power device, and different RC values can also specifically affect the frequency spectrum characteristics of electromagnetic interference. The quantitative expression of the switching spectrum is shown in the figure when no RC absorption loop and different RC values exist.
With C s The high-frequency oscillation is slightly increased, and the low-frequency oscillation is gradually slowed down. When C s After the oscillation frequency is increased to the set value, the low-frequency oscillation can be completely eliminated, and the high-frequency oscillation only slightly changes; with R in the initial stage s The high-frequency oscillation and the low-frequency oscillation can be well restrained after the increase, once R s The value exceeds the set value, the low-frequency oscillation of the system gradually disappears, but the high-frequency oscillation is obviously aggravated. The amplitude expression of the processed oscillation spectrum data is as follows:
wherein,for frequency, oscillation frequency->Attenuation factor/>Initial phase->Maximum amplitude->The four parameters are to-be-calculated quantities, mag is a function expression symbol taking the magnitude value of complex numbers, e represents an exponential function based on e, j represents an imaginary unit, and therefore, the extraction of the values of the four parameters is a quaternary optimization problem. But for the multipole problem, deterministic algorithms tend to get locally optimal solutions rather than globally optimal.
The heuristic algorithm based on the bionic natural phenomenon has great calculation advantages in solving the problem of multi-extremum optimization based on the characteristics of iteration randomness, group information sharing, group information interaction and the like. As one of heuristic optimization algorithms, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is an intelligent algorithm based on the behavior of a bird swarm, each particle means each possible solution of the optimization problem, and fitness values are determined by fitness functions. Each particle is defined with a speed value, the direction and displacement of the next movement are determined, and the speed value is determined by the optimal solution of the group and the historical optimal solution of the particle, so that the optimal solution in all solution spaces of the particle is searched. The method adopts a particle swarm algorithm to optimize, and searches the optimal value of the quaternary optimization problem. The optimization steps are as follows:
a) Determining an optimization target: the objective function of the invention is the sum of squares of the difference between the fitting function and the preprocessing result of the frequency domain test data:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofPre-processing test data +.>Amplitude value of individual points +.>The amplitude value of the fitting function at the corresponding frequency is optimized, and the optimization target is the minimum value of the formula;
b) Parameter setting: setting iteration times g, population number N, dimension d and inertia weight by combining test data quantitywThe method is characterized in that the iteration number is generally set to be 1000, the population number is 1000, the dimension is 4, the inertia weight is 0.8, the self-learning factor is 0.5, and the population learning factor is 0.5;
c) Boundary setting: setting a position limit boundary and a speed limit boundary of four variables according to the test data;
d) Initializing a population: for all populations, randomly initializing within the position and speed limit boundaries to obtain the original positionxoSum speed ofvAnd recorded as the optimal position of the individual historyPopulation history best position->Optimal fitness of the history of individuals>And population history optimal fitness->；
e) And (5) iterative updating: iterating the speed and position of all populations:
wherein the method comprises the steps ofxFor the current position of each particle,randto produce a function of a random matrix，For copying and tiling->A function of the matrix. At the same time update->、/>、/>、/>；
f) And (3) outputting results: after the maximum iteration number is reached, outputting the optimal position of the population historyAnd fitness->Obtaining +.>、/>、/>、/>Four parameters, and an optimization error.
The foregoing description is of a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed form of the invention, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments, but is intended to be used in various other combinations, modifications and improvements, and is intended to be within the scope of the invention described herein, by way of the foregoing teachings or by way of the relevant art or knowledge. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. The method for determining the electromagnetic interference characteristic parameters of the power device based on the RC absorption loop is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
obtaining drain current i according to a switch oscillation equivalent circuit of the RC absorption loop and a switch process state equation d With bus voltage v dc Transfer function between，Wherein R is s To absorb the loop resistance, C J Junction capacitance of SIC, C s To absorb loop capacitance, L loop Is loop inductance, L p R is parasitic inductance p For parasitic resistance s represents the frequency response of the system, < +.>Indicating drain current i d Complex expression in transfer function +.>Representing bus voltage v dc Complex expression in transfer function;
based on the relation between the pole distribution and the oscillation frequency damping coefficient of the fourth-order systemFor R s And C s The values are regulated, the pole distribution of the transfer function of the system is changed, the influence of the RC absorption loop on electromagnetic interference is analyzed from the frequency spectrum angle, and the amplitude expression of the oscillation frequency spectrum data after being processed is +.>Wherein，/>Representing the value of the pole>Representing the value of pole 1,/->Representing the value of pole 2,/->And->Undamped natural oscillation frequency representing low-frequency and high-frequency oscillations, respectively, < >>And->Representing the frequency of the low-frequency and high-frequency oscillations, respectively, < >>And->Damping coefficient for low-frequency and high-frequency oscillations, respectively, < >>For frequency, mag is a function expression symbol taking the amplitude value of complex number, e represents an exponential function based on e, j represents an imaginary unit;
the oscillating frequency is calculated by particle swarm algorithmAttenuation factor->Initial phase->And maximum amplitude>Solving the four parameters to obtain optimal values of the four parameters;
substituting the optimal value into the amplitude expression of the spectrum data, obtaining the time domain expression of the spectrum data through inverse Fourier transform, and then substituting into the transfer function to determine R s And C s Is a value of (a).
2. The method for determining the electromagnetic interference characteristic parameters of the power device based on the RC absorption loop according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pair R s And C s The values are regulated, the pole distribution of the transfer function of the system is changed, the influence of the RC absorption loop on electromagnetic interference is analyzed from the frequency spectrum angle, and the amplitude expression of the processed oscillation frequency spectrum data is obtained as followsThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
gradually increase C in initial stage s The high-frequency oscillation gradually increases, the low-frequency oscillation gradually slows down, and C s After increasing to the set value, continue to increase C s When the low-frequency oscillation is completely eliminated, the change of the high-frequency oscillation tends to be stable;
gradually increasing R at initial stage s Both high-frequency oscillation and low-frequency oscillation are suppressed, when R s After the value of (2) exceeds the set value, the low-frequency oscillation gradually disappears, and the high-frequency oscillation is aggravated, so that the amplitude expression of the oscillation spectrum data after being processed is obtained.
3. The method for determining the electromagnetic interference characteristic parameters of the power device based on the RC absorption loop according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the oscillating frequency is calculated by the particle swarm algorithmAttenuation factor->Initial phase->And maximum amplitude>Solving the four parameters to obtain optimal values of the four parameters specifically comprises the following steps:
determining an objective function as the sum of squares of the difference between the fitting function and the preprocessing result of the frequency domain test dataThe minimum value of (2) is the optimization objective, wherein +.>Pre-processing test data +.>Amplitude value of individual points +.>Fitting the amplitude value of the function to the corresponding frequency;
setting iteration times g, population number N, dimension d, inertia weight w, self-learning factor c1 and population learning factor c2 by combining the test data quantity;
setting a position limit boundary and a speed limit boundary of four parameter variables according to the test data;
for all populations, randomly initializing within the position and speed limit boundary to obtain the original position x and speed v, and recording as the optimal position of the individual historyPopulation history best position->Optimal fitness of the history of individuals>And population history optimal fitness->；
Iterating the speed and position of all populations while updating、/>、/>、/>；
After the maximum iteration number is reached, outputting the optimal position of the population historyAnd population history optimal fitness->Obtaining +.>、/>、/>、/>Four parameters.
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