CN117310780B - Dual-channel full-automatic on-line measurement system and method for radon concentration in water - Google Patents
Dual-channel full-automatic on-line measurement system and method for radon concentration in water Download PDFInfo
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- CN117310780B CN117310780B CN202311595743.3A CN202311595743A CN117310780B CN 117310780 B CN117310780 B CN 117310780B CN 202311595743 A CN202311595743 A CN 202311595743A CN 117310780 B CN117310780 B CN 117310780B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
- G01T7/02—Collecting means for receiving or storing samples to be investigated and possibly directly transporting the samples to the measuring arrangement; particularly for investigating radioactive fluids
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake prediction, and discloses a two-channel full-automatic online measurement system and method for radon concentration in water, wherein the system comprises a control management module, two radon measurement modules, two water taking and gas washing modules and two water bath refrigeration modules; each radon measuring module, the water taking and gas washing module and the water bath refrigerating module are mutually connected into a group, the two groups of radon measuring modules, the water taking and gas washing module and the water bath refrigerating module are connected in parallel with the control management module, the gas inlet of the water taking and gas washing module is connected with the constant flow pump and the radon measuring module through a gas pipe, the gas outlet is connected with the radon measuring module through the water bath refrigerating module and the gas pipe, the water taking and gas washing module and the radon measuring module are electrically connected with the control management module, and the management control module is time-given by the satellite time-giving module and is connected with the remote data management platform. The invention has the advantages of automatic timing completion of water sampling, gas washing, measurement, drainage, data storage and uploading, good consistency of measurement conditions, short time scale, high data quality and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake prediction, in particular to a dual-channel full-automatic on-line measurement system and method for radon concentration in water.
Background
Radon is an disintegration product of radioactive uranium and radium in the crust, and is an inert gas. The rocks containing radioactive elements in the crust always diffuse radon gas to the periphery, so that the air and the underground water medium contain radon gas with different concentrations. Before strong earthquake, ground stress is enhanced, radon gas migration speed is enhanced, and concentration can be abnormally changed. If the underground aquifer deforms under the action of ground stress, the movement of underground water is accelerated, the migration and diffusion of radon gas are enhanced, and the concentration of radon gas is increased, so that the abnormal change of the concentration of radon gas in the underground water can be measured to be used as an observation method for earthquake precursors, and the method is one of important methods for forecasting the earthquake by adopting an underground fluid method.
Radon is released from water, soil, rock, etc. into the air. Radon exists in the form of free radon, dissolved radon and escaping radon in the underground water, the radon dissolved in the underground water is called dissolved radon, and the radon separated from the underground water is called escaping radon, so that according to the requirements of the fluid measurement item observation technical specification, the radon concentration of the underground water is called water radon, the main component of the observation is dissolved radon in the underground water, the radon concentration of the digital automatic observation underground water is called gas radon, and the main component of the observation is the escaping radon in the underground water.
In the current observation of earthquake precursor information, radon observation in well (spring) water is one of the main earthquake precursor information. According to the planning and displaying of the China geophysical station network (underground fluid), the radon anomaly rate of the water accounts for about 33.2% in the aspect of earthquake early warning energy efficiency, and among a plurality of pre-earthquake megafluid observation parameters, the radon anomaly rate of the water is ranked first. Whereas the radon anomaly rate is only about 1.2%.
The data quality, long-term running stability and forecasting efficiency of the automatic radon observation data are obviously lower than those of the water radon observation data, because the observation frequency of the water radon is required to be 1 day according to the current observation frequency, the frequency of the radon is 1 hour, the measurement device can be completely restored to the background after taking 4 hours in the participation of the measurement device in the water sample degassing test in the radon observation, the measurement device is not completely restored to the background after the observation of 1 hour, the next measurement is overlapped with the last unrecovered data,affecting the authenticity of the data; in addition, the single-channel working mode is adopted, the instrument has no self-contrast, and the unstable and erroneous report of the instrument measurement data is difficult to find in time; on the other hand, the radon concentration background values of all the observation sites are different and are usually higher, some radon concentration background values are even very high, the radon concentration background values far exceed the effective observation range of the observation instrument and are not ideal working states of the observation instrument, and the measured data are severely distorted, so that the quality of the observed data is relatively poor; some observation sites have background values of radon concentration of gas reaching millions or even tens of millions of Bq/m 3 The radon concentration of water is up to more than 1000Bq/L, the data is far more than the working range of a normal counting radon measuring instrument, and more not speaking, the best working state of the instrument, such as Yunnan Baoshan Longlingtai, gansu Wu Shantai, fujian Ningde well and the like, and the display of the existing observation data reaches 500 ten thousand Bq/m 3 The above radon concentration. Only through the radon scheme, the sample water sample is reduced, the volume of the gas washing cylinder is increased, the radon concentration is diluted to measure, and the radon concentration is regulated to be within the effective and reliable range of the measuring instrument (namely 10000 Bq/m) 3 The following gas radon concentrations).
However, the water radon has certain problems, the measurement frequency of the water radon is low at present, the water sample information is taken once a day, the abnormal information of the seismic radon cannot be timely captured, the sampling is carried out manually, the laboratory measurement is taken back, the risk of information loss exists in the process, and the sampling consistency is also influenced by the manual sampling factors. On the other hand, sampling personnel can contact high background value overflow gas radon for a long time, and radon radiation risks exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a two-channel full-automatic on-line measurement system for radon concentration in water comprises a control management module, two radon measurement modules, two water taking and gas washing modules and two water bath refrigeration modules; each radon measuring module, the water taking and gas washing module and the water bath refrigerating module are mutually connected into a group, the two groups of radon measuring modules, the water taking and gas washing module and the water bath refrigerating module are connected in parallel with the control management module, wherein an air inlet of the water taking and gas washing module is connected with the radon measuring module through a constant flow pump and an air pipe, an air outlet of the water taking and gas washing module is connected with the radon measuring module through the water bath refrigerating module and the air pipe, the water taking and gas washing module is electrically connected with the control management module through a communication interface, and the radon measuring module is electrically connected with the control management module.
Further, the water taking and gas washing module comprises a water taking device and a gas washing bottle, wherein the gas washing bottle comprises two pairs of relatively thick water storage parts and relatively thin water level sensing parts which are arranged in a staggered mode from bottom to top, the bottom surface of the water storage part positioned at the lower part is in an arc funnel shape, a water outlet is arranged and is connected with a water draining point through an electromagnetic valve, and the lower part of the water storage part is also provided with a water inlet and is connected with the water taking device through a first water pump; the water level sensing part on the upper part is provided with an air outlet, an air inlet and an air pressure balancing port, the air pressure balancing port is connected with the ambient atmosphere through an electromagnetic valve, the air outlet is connected with the radon measuring module through a water bath refrigerating module, an air pipe and an electromagnetic valve, the air inlet is connected with the radon measuring module, a pipeline is arranged on the air inlet, the pipeline penetrates into the water storage part on the lower part and is close to the bottom surface, the water level sensing part is provided with a liquid level sensor, and the gas washing bottle and the water taking device are all wrapped with heat insulation materials.
Further, the radon measuring module includes the radon detection chamber and the anti-condensation module of being connected with control management module electricity, the surface and the inside in radon detection chamber all are equipped with temperature sensor, the signal output part in radon detection chamber is connected with data acquisition unit through front end electronics, anti-condensation module includes the heating plate, the heating plate cover is established at the surface in radon detection chamber, and the parcel has insulation material on the heating plate, the radon detection chamber is equipped with air inlet and gas outlet, the air inlet has two trachea and solenoid valve in parallel, and the air inlet is connected with the water bath refrigeration module through one of them trachea and solenoid valve, communicates with the environment atmosphere through another trachea and solenoid valve to the intercommunication of air inlet is switched through control management module control corresponding solenoid valve, and the gas outlet in radon detection chamber passes through the trachea and solenoid valve and is connected with the pipeline of the air inlet of gas wash bottle.
Further, the water bath refrigerating module comprises a semiconductor refrigerator, a second water pump, a water storage cavity and a snake-shaped condensing pipeline, wherein the snake-shaped condensing pipeline is arranged in the water storage cavity, the air outlet of the snake-shaped condensing pipeline is connected with the air inlet of the radon detection cavity, the air inlet of the snake-shaped condensing pipeline is connected with the air outlet of the gas washing cylinder, the water inlet and the water outlet of the water storage cavity are mutually communicated through the semiconductor refrigerator and the second water pump to form a water loop, a temperature sensor is arranged on the water storage cavity, a heat insulation material is wrapped on the water storage cavity, and the semiconductor refrigerator, the second water pump and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected with the control management module.
Further, the water taking device comprises a water taking sundry filter and a water quality pre-filter, water pumping ports of the water taking sundry filter and the first water pump are all located below the wellhead water level of the normal-temperature self-flowing well, a water outlet of the water taking sundry filter is connected with a water pumping port of the first water pump through the water quality pre-filter, a water outlet of the first water pump is connected with a water inlet of a water storage part at the lower part of the gas washing bottle, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the water inlet of the gas washing bottle.
Further, the water taking device comprises a pre-filter, a third water pump and a first water storage cavity, wherein the third water pump is positioned in the deep part of the normal-temperature non-self-flowing well, a water outlet of the third water pump is connected with the first water storage cavity through the pre-filter, the first water storage cavity is a funnel-shaped cavity, a water outlet is arranged at the bottom, a water inlet and a water intake are arranged at the lower part, an air pressure balance water outlet is arranged at the top, the water intake at the lower part is connected with the water pumping port of the first water pump through a water pipe and an electromagnetic valve, and the water outlet of the first water pump is connected with the water inlet of the water storage part at the lower part of the gas washing cylinder through a water pipe and the electromagnetic valve; the water inlet at the lower part is connected with the water outlet of the third water pump through a water pipe and an electromagnetic valve door.
Further, the water taking device comprises a water quality pre-filter, a semiconductor refrigerator, a fifth water pump, a fourth water pump and a second water storage cavity, wherein a water pumping port of the fifth water pump is connected with a water pipe below the water level of a wellhead of the high-temperature self-flowing well, a water outlet of the fifth water pump is connected to the first water storage cavity through the water quality pre-filter, the first water storage cavity is a funnel-shaped cavity, a water outlet is arranged at the bottom, a water intake and two water inlets are arranged at the lower part, a water outlet is arranged at the upper part, an air pressure balance water outlet is arranged at the top, the water outlet at the upper part is connected with the water inlet of the semiconductor refrigerator, the water intake is connected with the water pumping port of the first water pump, the water outlet of the first water pump is connected with the water inlet of the water storage part at the lower part of the gas washing bottle, one water inlet at the lower part is connected with the water outlet of the fifth water pump, and the other water inlet is connected with the water outlet of the semiconductor refrigerator through the fourth water pump.
A double-channel full-automatic on-line measurement method for radon concentration in water comprises the following steps:
s1, closing electromagnetic valves of an air inlet and an air outlet of a gas washing cylinder, opening electromagnetic valves of an air pressure balance port and a water outlet of the gas washing cylinder, and starting a first water pump to clean residual wastewater in the gas washing cylinder;
S2, closing an electromagnetic valve of a water outlet and a pneumatic balance port of the gas washing bottle, and starting a water taking device to take a water sample into the gas washing bottle;
s3, closing an electromagnetic valve of a water inlet of the gas washing cylinder, opening electromagnetic valves of a gas inlet and a gas outlet of the gas washing cylinder, and starting a constant flow pump to wash a water sample in the gas washing cylinder;
s4, after the water sample is scrubbed for a period of time, closing electromagnetic valves of an air inlet and an air outlet of the gas scrubbing bottle, starting a radon measurement module to measure, and simultaneously opening the electromagnetic valve of a water outlet of the gas scrubbing bottle to automatically empty the wastewater in the gas scrubbing bottle;
s5, after the radon measurement module finishes measurement, a solenoid valve of the radon measurement module connected with an air inlet of the ambient atmosphere is punched with a card, a solenoid valve of an air outlet of the radon measurement module and a solenoid valve of an air pressure balance port of a gas washing bottle are opened, a constant flow pump is started to intermittently wash the radon measurement module, and meanwhile, a background recovery tracking measurement is carried out by the measurement device.
Further, when the water intake well is a normal temperature gravity flow well, the first water pump in the step S1 directly extracts a water sample from the normal temperature gravity flow well into the gas washing bottle for washing wastewater, and directly extracts the water sample from the normal temperature gravity flow well into the gas washing bottle in the step S2;
when the water intake well is a normal-temperature non-self-flowing well, the first water pump in the step S1 extracts a water sample from the first water storage cavity into the gas washing bottle for washing wastewater, and extracts the water sample from the normal-temperature non-self-flowing well into the first water storage cavity through the third water pump, at the moment, an electromagnetic valve of a pneumatic balance port of the first water storage cavity is opened, and the extracted redundant water sample flows out from the pneumatic balance port, so that the water sample in the first water storage cavity is in a running state, and in the step S2, the water sample in the running state in the first water storage cavity is extracted into the gas washing bottle through the first water pump;
When the water taking well is a high-temperature self-flowing well, the first water pump in the step S1 extracts a water sample from the second water storage cavity to the gas washing bottle for washing wastewater, and extracts the water sample from the high-temperature non-self-flowing well to the second water storage cavity through the fifth water pump, and simultaneously starts the fourth water pump and the semiconductor refrigerator to reduce the temperature of the water sample in the second water storage cavity; in the step S2, the cooled water sample in the second water storage cavity is pumped into the gas washing bottle through the first water pump.
Further, when the water intake well is a normal temperature non-gravity flow well or a high Wen Ziliu well, the water outlet of the first water storage cavity or the water outlet of the second water storage cavity needs to be opened in advance to discharge the waste water before the step S1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the automatic timing water sampling can finish the degassing work in the first time under the heat insulation environment after the water sampling is performed, the characteristics of an in-situ water sample are basically ensured, and the stability and consistency of the water temperature are ensured, so that the timeliness of measured data is ensured, and the quality of the measured data is improved.
2. The water taking point of the water taking pipe goes deep into the well, the information carried by the water sample can be obtained at the first time, the influence of partial loss of the information in the migration process of the water sample to the ground surface is reduced, and the obtained water sample is more stable.
3. Through the gas washing bottle, the water intake with proper volume is selected according to the radon concentration background value of the measuring point, so that the instrument works in the optimal radon concentration range, and the problem of low quality of the measuring data of the instrument at the high concentration point or the low concentration point is avoided.
4. Each time the water sample sampling is automatically completed, the sensing of the liquid level sensor is automatically completed, and the consistency of the water sample volume is higher than that of the manual water sample sampling.
5. Compared with the current artificial radon observation, the method has the advantages that the design frequency is higher, the observation data quantity is more, 4 groups of completely independent double water sample measurement values can be automatically completed every day, and the time scale is shorter.
6. In terms of radiation protection, the staff does not have to be exposed to radon radiation hazards every day. Particularly, when water is sampled in a high radon concentration well, a large amount of radon gas escapes from the well edge. Reduces the accident rate of workers when the workers go out, especially for small sites in remote areas, the working condition environment is poor, and manual sampling every day can increase personnel accident risk, reduces the incident risk.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water scrubber module according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a water scrubber module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram III of a water scrubber module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the gas washing bottle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a water bath refrigeration module of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first water reservoir according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second water storage chamber according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a gas washing bottle; 2. a water storage part; 3. a water level sensing part; 4. a pipeline; 5. a water storage chamber; 6. a serpentine condensing duct; 7. a semiconductor refrigerator; 8. a second water pump; 9. a first water storage chamber; 10. a second water storage chamber; 11. a fourth water pump; 12. a liquid level sensor.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described below.
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments herein, which would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden are within the scope of the present application.
Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, provided in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments herein, which would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden are within the scope of the present application.
Please refer to fig. 1-8
A two-channel full-automatic on-line measurement system for radon concentration in water comprises a control management module, two radon measurement modules, two water taking and gas washing modules and two water bath refrigeration modules; each radon measurement module, the water taking and gas washing module and the water bath refrigeration module are connected into a group, the two groups of radon measurement modules, the water taking and gas washing module and the water bath refrigeration module are connected in parallel with the control management module, self-comparison between the two groups can be realized through the two groups of radon measurement modules, the water taking and gas washing module and the water bath refrigeration module which are connected in parallel with the control management module, when one group fails, error data can be found out in time and reported in time, and the authenticity and the accuracy of the data are ensured; the air inlet of the water taking and gas washing module is connected with the constant flow pump and the radon measuring module through the air pipe, the air outlet of the water taking and gas washing module is connected with the radon measuring module through the water bath refrigerating module and the air pipe, the water taking and gas washing module is electrically connected with the control management module through the communication interface, and the radon measuring module is electrically connected with the control management module.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the control management module is connected to a remote data management platform through a network interface, and can remotely monitor working information such as a working state and measurement data of the whole measurement system in real time through the remote data management platform, and by implementing remote control, the control management module is further connected to a satellite time service module through a communication interface, and controls the radon measurement module, the water-taking and gas-washing module and the water bath refrigeration module to start and stop according to a set time work flow according to the satellite time service time.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the water taking and gas washing module includes a water taking device and a gas washing bottle 1, the gas washing bottle 1 includes two pairs of relatively thick water storage parts 2 and relatively thin water level sensing parts 3 staggered from bottom to top, wherein the bottom surface of the water storage part 2 located at the lower part is in a circular arc funnel shape, a water outlet is arranged, the water outlet is connected with a water discharge point through an electromagnetic valve, so that the wastewater can be completely emptied, and the lower part of the water storage part 2 is also provided with a water inlet and is connected with the water taking device through a first water pump; the water level sensing part 3 at the upper part is provided with an air outlet, an air inlet and an air pressure balancing port, the air pressure balancing port is connected with the ambient atmosphere through an electromagnetic valve, the air outlet is connected with a radon measuring module through a water bath refrigerating module, an air pipe and an electromagnetic valve, the air inlet is connected with the radon measuring module, the air inlet is provided with a pipeline 4, the pipeline 4 extends into the water storage part 2 at the lower part and is close to the bottom surface, and the water level sensing part 3 is provided with a liquid level sensor 12.
Further, the diameter of the water storage part 2 is 60mm, the diameter of the water level sensing parts 3 is 25mm, and each water level sensing part 3 is provided with scales; preferably, the water level sensing part 3 at the lower part is provided with 100ml scale marks, the water level sensing part 3 at the upper part is provided with 200ml scale marks, when a water sample is filled to the scale marks, the corresponding liquid level sensor 12 senses the water level and then stops injecting the water sample, so that the automatic injection of the water sample and the accuracy of the water sample capacity are realized, the requirements of different radon background values can be met simultaneously through the same gas washing bottle 1 according to the radon concentration=water radon concentration, the water sample can be injected to 200ml when the radon background value at the observation point is smaller, and the water sample can be injected to 100ml when the radon background value at the observation point is smaller, so that the radon concentration is ensured to be in the working range of the measuring device.
Further, the liquid level sensor 12 is electrically connected with the control management module, when the water sample flows into the gas washing bottle 1 each time, the liquid level sensor 12 senses the capacity of the water sample in the gas washing bottle 1 each time, so that the volume consistency of the water sample each time is high, the volume error of the water sample can be reduced compared with that of the water sample taken manually, meanwhile, the water sample is conveyed into the gas washing bottle 1 from the water inlet at the lower part of the gas washing bottle 1 by the water taking module, liquid splashing can be effectively prevented, thus the instability of liquid level detection is effectively avoided, the accuracy of the liquid level detection is improved, and radon information generated by liquid splashing can be effectively avoided.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the radon measurement module includes a radon detection cavity and a condensation prevention module electrically connected to the control management module, temperature sensors are disposed on the outer surface and the inner portion of the radon detection cavity, a data acquisition unit is electrically connected to a signal output end of the radon detection cavity through a front end, the condensation prevention module includes a heating sheet, the heating sheet is sleeved on the outer surface of the radon detection cavity, and a heat insulation material is wrapped on the heating sheet, the heat insulation material is preferably aluminum tin heat insulation cotton, ceramic fiber paper and other materials, and the management control module controls the working state of the heating sheet according to feedback temperature information of the temperature sensor in the radon detection cavity, so that the radon detection cavity is constantly at a set temperature point; the radon detection cavity is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air inlet is connected with two air pipes and an electromagnetic valve in parallel, the air inlet is connected with the water bath refrigeration module through one air pipe and the electromagnetic valve, the air inlet is communicated with the environment atmosphere through the other air pipe and the electromagnetic valve, and the air outlet of the radon detection cavity is connected with a pipeline 4 of the air inlet of the gas washing bottle 1 through the air pipe and the electromagnetic valve.
Further, the measurement module is one of a ZnS (Ag) scintillation chamber, an air pulse ionization chamber or an electrostatic collection semiconductor detector; preferably, the ZnS (Ag) scintillation chamber requires a long warm-up time to achieve a stable operating state due to stability of the PMT from the structural hardware performance point of view, but the air pulse ionization chamber does not require warm-up. The response time of the air pulse ionization chamber is also superior to that of a ZnS (Ag) scintillation chamber radon meter in radon concentration response. So in practice ZnS (Ag) scintillation chambers are used, which require a period of time to settle after sampling, air pulse ionization chambers typically do not require settling.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the water bath refrigeration module, including semiconductor refrigerator 7, second water pump 8, water storage chamber 5 and snakelike condensation pipeline 6, snakelike condensation pipeline 6 sets up in the inside of water storage chamber 5, and the gas outlet of snakelike condensation pipeline 6 is connected with the air inlet in radon detection chamber, and the air inlet in snakelike condensation pipeline 6 is connected with the gas outlet of gas wash bottle 1, the water inlet and the delivery port in water storage chamber 5 communicate each other through semiconductor refrigerator 7 and second water pump 8 and constitute the water circuit, be equipped with temperature sensor on the water storage chamber 5, just the parcel has insulation material on the water storage chamber 5, semiconductor refrigerator 7, second water pump 8 and temperature sensor all are connected with the control management module electricity.
Further, as the condition that the temperature of the air flow with radon body flowing out of the air outlet of the air washing bottle 1 is higher than the temperature of the radon detection cavity can occur, for example, in winter, the underground environment temperature can be higher than the ground environment temperature, so that the temperature of the radon detection cavity positioned on the ground can be lower than the temperature of a water sample extracted from the ground, the temperature of the air washed out by the constant flow pump can also be higher than the temperature of the radon detection cavity, and further, the problem that condensed water is generated on the inner wall of the radon detection cavity, the condensed water can affect the normal measurement of the measuring device and the quality of measured data; for example, for ZnS (Ag) scintillation cells, the change in the luminous efficiency of the ZnS scintillator can be caused, PMT drift is affected, and air density is affected by humidity, so that the alpha rays also need to overcome the binding force of water and air, thereby affecting the range of the alpha rays, resulting in inconsistent alpha energy impinging on the scintillator, and inconsistent luminous quantity affecting the measurement data; for an air pulse ionization chamber, the humidity influences the air density, so that alpha rays also need to overcome the binding force of water and air, influence the range of the alpha rays, and further influence the ionization effect due to the existence of the wall effect of the ionization chamber, thereby influencing the detection efficiency and the measurement result; for the electrostatic collection semiconductor detector, the detection efficiency of the electrostatic collection method on radon is seriously dependent on the adsorption efficiency of the static on radon, so that the radon loses the chargeability due to the overlarge humidity, the weight of the radon is increased, the adsorption of the radon by the electrostatic adsorption is disabled, and the radon loses the detection capability; meanwhile, the temperature can influence the thermal movement of radon daughter, and the combination rate of radon daughter and water molecules is increased, so that the influence of temperature and humidity on an electrostatic collection method is very serious.
Therefore, the temperature of the gas flowing out of the gas outlet of the gas washing bottle 1 can be reduced through the water bath refrigeration module, the contact area between the gas and the medium can be enlarged through the serpentine condensation pipeline 6, so that heat transfer is quickened, the condensation efficiency is improved, the gas in the serpentine condensation pipeline 6 is sufficiently cooled, condensed water is avoided from being generated in the radon detection cavity, and in the embodiment, the cooling liquid in the water storage cavity 5 is always kept at 5 ℃ through the semiconductor refrigerator 7; on the other hand, the serpentine condensing pipeline 6 is used for cooling the gas, so that part of water vapor in the gas can be condensed on the inner wall of the serpentine condensing pipeline 6, drying and dehumidification of the gas are realized, the humidity of the gas is reduced, and the heat exchange efficiency between the water storage cavity 5 and the outside can be reduced through the heat insulation material wrapped on the water storage cavity 5, so that the cooling and dehumidification effects of the gas are improved; and the radon detection cavity can be kept at 30 ℃ all the time by the heating plate in the condensation prevention module. Compared with the prior art, the desiccant dehumidifies the gas at the gas outlet of the gas washing bottle 1, and the desiccant has a certain adsorption force on radon and the radon in the radon water sample, so that loss of sampling radon information is caused, and the quality of measured data is affected.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the radon observation water sample is mostly taken from a deep well; the water sample is mainly a normal-temperature well (namely, the temperature of the water sample is lower than or equal to the temperature of the underground environment), and the water sample is slightly a high-temperature well (namely, the temperature of the water sample is higher than the temperature of the underground environment), so that the water sample is obtained by aiming at the normal-temperature well and the high-temperature well differently, and the temperature rise can increase the thermal motion, so that the combination rate of radon daughter and water molecule (namely, the solubility of radon daughter) can influence the gas washing effect and further influence the radon measured value; the other normal-temperature well is a normal-temperature non-self-flowing well which is divided into a normal-temperature self-flowing well, and because the well water of the normal-temperature self-flowing well has strong fluidity, the well water in the deep layer naturally flows to the well mouth of the ground surface; the fluidity of well water of the non-self-flowing well is poor, deep well water cannot naturally flow to a well head on the surface, and even the well head can be positioned tens of meters or even hundreds of meters below the surface; of course, the hot spring well is generally a high Wen Ziliu well because the water temperature of the hot spring well is high and the hot water can generate steam, so that the hot spring well is in a high-pressure state and can continuously flow out from a wellhead.
Because the deep water sample can more accurately measure the accurate content of radon atoms in well water, when observing the water sample and taking from normal atmospheric temperature artesian well, the water intaking device includes water intaking debris filter and quality of water front-end filter, water intaking debris filter and the water pumping mouth of first water pump all are located normal atmospheric temperature artesian well wellhead water level below (i.e. at least 3 meters below the well water mouth), water intaking debris filter's delivery port with the water pumping mouth of first water pump is connected through quality of water front-end filter, and the delivery port of first water pump is connected with the water inlet of water storage part 2 of gas wash bottle 1 lower part, and is equipped with electromagnetic valve in the water inlet department of gas wash bottle 1, directly follow normal atmospheric temperature artesian well extraction water sample to gas wash bottle 1 through first water pump.
When an observed water sample is taken from a normal-temperature non-self-flowing well, the water taking device comprises a pre-filter, a third water pump and a first water storage cavity 9, wherein the third water pump is positioned in the deep part of the normal-temperature non-self-flowing well (namely, several tens of meters or even hundreds of meters below the ground), a water outlet of the third water pump is connected with the first water storage cavity 9 through the pre-filter, the first water storage cavity 9 is a funnel-shaped cavity, a water outlet is arranged at the bottom, a water inlet and a water intake are arranged at the lower part, an air pressure balance water outlet is arranged at the top, an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the water outlet, the water inlet, the water intake and the air pressure balance water outlet, the water intake are connected with a water pumping port of the first water pump, and a water outlet of the first water pump is connected with a water inlet of a water storage part 2 at the lower part of the gas washing bottle 1; the water inlet at the lower part is connected with the water outlet of the third water pump. The water sample in the normal-temperature non-self-flowing well positioned in the depth of the ground surface is extracted into the first water storage cavity 9 through the third water pump, at the moment, an electromagnetic valve of an air pressure balance port of the first water storage cavity 9 is opened, the extracted redundant water sample flows out from the air pressure balance port, the water sample in the first water storage cavity 9 is in a flowing water state, the water sample is stored through the first water storage cavity 9, when the water sample is required to be used, the water sample can be extracted for the first time, and the problem that the water sample is temporarily extracted from the non-self-flowing well in the depth of the ground surface and then the information of the water sample is delayed is avoided; meanwhile, the freshness of the water sample can be ensured through the flowing state of the running water, and the measurement accuracy is improved; then the water sample in the flowing state of the running water in the first water storage cavity 9 is pumped into the gas washing bottle 1.
When observing the water sample and getting from high Wen Ziliu well, the water intaking device includes quality of water prefilter, semiconductor refrigerator 7, fifth water pump, fourth water pump 11 and second water storage chamber 10, the water pumping mouth of fifth water pump is connected with the water pipe that is located under the high temperature from flowing well wellhead water level, and the delivery port of fifth water pump is connected to second water storage chamber 10 through quality of water prefilter, second water storage chamber 10 is the funnel-shaped cavity, and the bottom is equipped with the outlet, and the lower part is equipped with intake and two water inlets, and upper portion is equipped with the delivery port, and the top is equipped with the balanced outlet of atmospheric pressure, and wherein the delivery port on upper portion is connected with the water inlet of semiconductor refrigerator 7, and the intake with the water pumping mouth of first water pump is connected, and the delivery port of first water pump is connected with the water inlet of water storage part 2 of gas wash bottle 1 lower part, and one of lower part is connected with the delivery port of fifth water pump, and another water inlet passes through fourth water pump 11 is connected with the delivery port of semiconductor refrigerator 7. The water sample is extracted from the high-temperature non-artesian well to the second water storage cavity 10 through the fifth water pump, the fourth water pump 11 and the semiconductor refrigerator 7 are started simultaneously, the temperature of the water sample in the second water storage cavity 10 is reduced, the combination ratio of radon and water molecules (namely, the solubility of the radon) is reduced, the gas washing effect is improved, and then the cooled water sample in the second water storage cavity 10 is extracted into the gas washing bottle 1 through the first water pump.
Furthermore, most of the wells contain sediment, so that the minerals are easily oxidized and various oxidized minerals such as calcium carbonate and sulfides are formed, floating matters such as algae and the like can exist in water and the water surface, particularly in non-gravity wells, excessive oxidized water is easily formed at the accumulation position of the floating matters on the water surface, the water quality can be influenced, meanwhile, the concentration of radon atoms in each water layer is also uneven, and therefore, a water pumping book port of a water pump is inserted into the deep part of the well (namely at least 3 meters below the water surface of the well), so that fresh water samples which are slightly influenced by the surface environmental factors can be ensured to a greater extent. Through water filter, can effectually avoid aquatic algae plant etc. to get into the water pump and damage the water pump or block up the water pipe, guarantee to participate in the water sample quality of water clarity of gas washing work, be difficult to form calcification deposit.
It should be noted that, because the third water pump needs to go deep into the deep part of the normal temperature non-self-flowing well to extract the water sample, the third water pump adopts a high-pressure submersible pump, and is directly positioned in the normal temperature non-self-flowing well; for the high-temperature artesian well, as the temperature of the water sample is too high (namely 40-100 ℃), if the fifth water pump body is directly immersed into the high Wen Ziliu well, the fifth water pump is easy to damage, so that the fifth water pump adopts a micro pump, and a water pipe is connected to a water pumping port, and the water sample in the high-temperature artesian well is pumped through the water pipe.
Specifically, in this embodiment, two electromagnetic valves are provided on each component in the water and gas taking and washing module, and the two electromagnetic valves are connected in parallel to the air pipe or the water pipe, and when the water and gas taking and washing module is used normally, only one electromagnetic valve is used, and the other electromagnetic valve is always in a closed state to play a role of standby redundancy; in the use process, when the electromagnetic valve fails, another standby electromagnetic valve can be used. And the two water pumps for extracting the water sample are also connected in parallel to play a role of standby redundancy.
A double-channel full-automatic on-line measurement method for radon concentration in water comprises the following steps:
s1, closing electromagnetic valves of an air inlet and an air outlet of a gas washing bottle 1, opening electromagnetic valves of an air pressure balance port and a water outlet of the gas washing bottle 1, and starting a first water pump to clean residual wastewater in the gas washing bottle 1, wherein the cleaning time is 3 minutes;
s2, closing an electromagnetic valve of a water outlet and a pneumatic balance port of the gas washing bottle 1, and starting a water taking device to take a water sample into the gas washing bottle 1, wherein the extraction time is 3 minutes;
s3, closing an electromagnetic valve of a water inlet of the gas washing bottle 1, opening electromagnetic valves of an air inlet and an air outlet of the gas washing bottle 1, starting a constant flow pump to wash gas from a water sample in the gas washing bottle 1, wherein the gas washing time is 14 minutes, and radon atoms in the water sample can be sufficiently washed out;
S4, after a period of water sample gas washing, closing electromagnetic valves of an air inlet and an air outlet of the gas washing bottle 1, starting a radon measurement module to measure, and simultaneously opening the electromagnetic valve of a water outlet of the gas washing bottle 1 to automatically empty waste water in the gas washing bottle 1 so as to prepare for gas washing measurement in the next stage;
s5, after the radon measurement module finishes measurement, a solenoid valve of the radon measurement module connected with an air inlet of the ambient atmosphere is punched with a card, a solenoid valve of an air outlet of the radon measurement module and a solenoid valve of an air pressure balance port of the gas washing bottle 1 are opened, a constant flow pump is started to intermittently wash the radon measurement module, and meanwhile, the radon measurement module performs background recovery tracking measurement.
Further, in the step S4 and the step S5, the radon measurement module measurement comprises three stages of measurement, preliminary measurement, formal measurement and a plurality of times of background recovery tracking measurement, wherein the preliminary measurement and the formal measurement are completed in the step S4, and the plurality of times of background recovery tracking measurement are completed in the step S5; the time of preliminary measurement is 40 minutes, after the preliminary measurement and standing stabilization of 40 minutes, radon atoms in a radon measurement cavity are in a stable state, the value of the radon atoms can be measured more accurately, then formal measurement is started, after the formal measurement is carried out for 60 minutes, electromagnetic valves of an air pressure balance port, an air inlet and an air outlet of a gas washing bottle 1 are opened, electromagnetic valves of a water outlet are closed, an air outlet of the radon detection cavity and the environment atmosphere are opened, fresh air in the atmosphere is used for cleaning the gas washing bottle 1 and the radon detection cavity for 32 minutes through a constant flow pump, then the electromagnetic valves of the air pressure balance port, the air inlet and the air outlet of the gas washing bottle 1 and the air outlet of the radon detection cavity and the environment atmosphere are closed, and standing is carried out for 28 minutes, after the first background recovery measurement is completed, the electromagnetic valves of the air pressure balance port, the air inlet, the air outlet and the air outlet of the radon detection cavity and the environment atmosphere are opened, the fresh air in the atmosphere is used for cleaning the gas washing bottle 1 and the measuring device for 2 minutes, then the air pressure balance port, the air outlet and the air outlet of the radon detection cavity and the air outlet of the atmosphere are closed, and the second background recovery measurement is carried out after the second background recovery is carried out; the seven background recovery measurements are repeated, namely, from the beginning of the first background recovery measurement to the end of the seventh background recovery measurement for 4 hours, the data of 7 background recovery processes can be automatically recorded and obtained, and the 7 th data is recorded as background data. And after the measuring device is formally measured each time, the background can be recovered after 4 hours are needed, namely the response recovery time of the measuring device is 4 hours, the step S1 is restarted after the seventh background recovery measurement is finished, the full-day automatic water taking measurement is realized, and the control management module is automatically started at 0 point, 6 point, 12 point and 18 point each day according to the satellite time service module connected with the control management module, 4 times of water sample information can be seamlessly recorded each day, and the capability of capturing the seismic radon anomaly information is greatly improved.
Further, when the water intake well is a normal temperature gravity well, the first water pump in the step S1 directly extracts a water sample from the normal temperature gravity well into the gas washing bottle 1 for washing wastewater, and directly extracts the water sample from the normal temperature gravity well into the gas washing bottle 1 in the step S2;
when the water intake well is a normal temperature non-self-flowing well, the first water pump in the step S1 extracts a water sample from the first water storage cavity 9 to the gas washing bottle 1 for washing wastewater, and extracts the water sample from the normal temperature non-self-flowing well to the first water storage cavity 9 through the third water pump, at this time, an electromagnetic valve of an air pressure balance port of the first water storage cavity 9 is opened, and the extracted redundant water sample flows out from the air pressure balance port, so that the water sample in the first water storage cavity 9 is in a running state, and in the step S2, the water sample in the running state in the first water storage cavity 9 is extracted to the gas washing bottle 1 through the first water pump;
when the water intake well is a high-temperature self-flowing well, the first water pump in the step S1 extracts a water sample from the second water storage cavity 10 to the gas washing bottle 1 for washing wastewater, and extracts the water sample from the high-temperature non-self-flowing well to the second water storage cavity 10 through the fifth water pump, and simultaneously starts the fourth water pump 11 and the semiconductor refrigerator 7 to reduce the temperature of the water sample in the second water storage cavity 10; in the step S2, the cooled water sample in the second water storage cavity 10 is pumped into the gas washing bottle 1 by the first water pump.
Further, when the water intake well is a normal temperature non-gravity flow well or a high Wen Ziliu well, the water outlet of the first water storage cavity 9 or the water outlet of the second water storage cavity 10 needs to be opened in advance to discharge the waste water therein before the step S1, and when the water intake well is a high temperature gravity flow well, the water sample can be pumped into the second water storage cavity 10 through the third water pump and the temperature of the water sample can be reduced by 3 hours in advance when the second background recovery measurement starts, the total time from the second background recovery measurement to the seventh background recovery measurement ends is 3 hours, and the next measurement can be continued after the seventh background recovery measurement ends, thereby realizing the seamless connection of the measurement.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to assist in understanding the methods of the present invention and the core ideas thereof; also, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and modifications can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A double-channel full-automatic on-line measurement method for radon concentration in water is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, closing electromagnetic valves of an air inlet and an air outlet of a gas washing cylinder, opening electromagnetic valves of an air pressure balance port and a water outlet of the gas washing cylinder, and starting a first water pump to clean residual wastewater in the gas washing cylinder;
s2, closing an electromagnetic valve of a water outlet and a pneumatic balance port of the gas washing bottle, and starting a water taking device to take a water sample into the gas washing bottle;
s3, closing an electromagnetic valve of a water inlet of the gas washing cylinder, opening electromagnetic valves of a gas inlet and a gas outlet of the gas washing cylinder, and starting a constant flow pump to wash a water sample in the gas washing cylinder;
s4, after the water sample is scrubbed for a period of time, closing electromagnetic valves of an air inlet and an air outlet of the gas scrubbing bottle, starting a radon measurement module to measure, and simultaneously opening the electromagnetic valve of a water outlet of the gas scrubbing bottle to automatically empty the wastewater in the gas scrubbing bottle;
s5, after the radon measurement module finishes measurement, punching a card on an electromagnetic valve of the radon measurement module connected with an air inlet of the ambient atmosphere, opening an electromagnetic valve of an air outlet of the radon measurement module and an electromagnetic valve of an air pressure balance port of a gas washing bottle, starting a constant flow pump to intermittently wash the radon measurement module, and simultaneously, carrying out background recovery tracking measurement by a measurement device;
When the water taking well is a normal temperature gravity flow well, the first water pump in the step S1 directly extracts a water sample from the normal temperature gravity flow well into the gas washing bottle for washing wastewater, and directly extracts the water sample from the normal temperature gravity flow well into the gas washing bottle in the step S2;
when the water intake well is a normal-temperature non-self-flowing well, the first water pump in the step S1 extracts a water sample from the first water storage cavity into the gas washing bottle for washing wastewater, and extracts the water sample from the normal-temperature non-self-flowing well into the first water storage cavity through the third water pump, at the moment, an electromagnetic valve of a pneumatic balance port of the first water storage cavity is opened, and the extracted redundant water sample flows out from the pneumatic balance port, so that the water sample in the first water storage cavity is in a running state, and in the step S2, the water sample in the running state in the first water storage cavity is extracted into the gas washing bottle through the first water pump;
when the water taking well is a high-temperature self-flowing well, the first water pump in the step S1 extracts a water sample from the second water storage cavity to the gas washing bottle for washing wastewater, and extracts the water sample from the high-temperature non-self-flowing well to the second water storage cavity through the fifth water pump, and simultaneously starts the fourth water pump and the semiconductor refrigerator to reduce the temperature of the water sample in the second water storage cavity; in the step S2, the water sample cooled in the second water storage cavity is extracted into a gas washing bottle through a first water pump;
When the water intake well is a normal temperature non-gravity well or a high Wen Ziliu well, the water outlet of the first water storage cavity or the water outlet of the second water storage cavity needs to be opened in advance to discharge the waste water before the step S1.
2. A system for a two-channel fully automatic in-water radon concentration on-line measurement method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the system comprises a control management module, two radon measurement modules, two water taking and gas washing modules and two water bath refrigeration modules; each radon measuring module, the water taking and gas washing module and the water bath refrigerating module are mutually connected into a group, the two groups of radon measuring modules, the water taking and gas washing module and the water bath refrigerating module are connected in parallel with the control management module, the gas inlet of the water taking and gas washing module is connected with the radon measuring module through a gas pipe, the gas outlet of the water taking and gas washing module is connected with the radon measuring module through the water bath refrigerating module and the gas pipe, the water taking and gas washing module is electrically connected with the control management module through a communication interface, the radon measuring module is electrically connected with the control management module, and the management control module is time-given by the satellite time-giving module and is connected with the remote data management platform;
the water taking and gas washing module comprises a water taking device and a gas washing bottle, wherein the gas washing bottle comprises two pairs of relatively thick water storage parts and relatively thin water level sensing parts which are staggered from bottom to top, the bottom surface of the water storage part positioned at the lower part is in an arc funnel shape, a water outlet is arranged and connected to a water draining point through an electromagnetic valve and a water pipe, and the lower part of the water storage part is also provided with a water inlet and connected with the water taking device through a first water pump, a water pipe and an electromagnetic valve; the water level sensing part on the upper part is provided with an air outlet, an air inlet and an air pressure balancing port, the air pressure balancing port is connected with the environment atmosphere through an electromagnetic valve and an air pipe, the air outlet is connected with the radon measuring module through a water bath refrigerating module, the air pipe and an electromagnetic valve, the air inlet is connected with the radon measuring module through the air pipe and the electromagnetic valve, a pipeline is arranged on the air inlet, the pipeline goes deep into the water storage part on the lower part and is close to the bottom surface, the water level sensing part is provided with a liquid level sensor, and the air washing cylinder and the water taking device are all wrapped with heat insulation materials.
3. The dual-channel full-automatic in-water radon concentration online measurement system according to claim 2, wherein: the radon measuring module comprises a radon detecting cavity and an anti-condensation module which are electrically connected with the control management module, temperature sensors are arranged on the outer surface and the inner portion of the radon detecting cavity, a data acquisition unit is electrically connected to the signal output end of the radon detecting cavity through the front end, the anti-condensation module comprises a heating sheet, the heating sheet is sleeved on the outer surface of the radon detecting cavity, a heat insulation material is wrapped on the heating sheet, the radon detecting cavity is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is connected with two air pipes and an electromagnetic valve in parallel, the air inlet is connected with the water bath refrigerating module through one air pipe and the electromagnetic valve, the air inlet is communicated with the ambient atmosphere through the other air pipe and the electromagnetic valve, the communication of the air inlet is switched through the control management module, and the air outlet of the radon detecting cavity is connected with the air inlet of the gas washing bottle through the air pipe and the electromagnetic valve through the pipeline.
4. A dual-channel fully-automatic in-water radon concentration online measurement system according to claim 3, wherein: the water bath refrigeration module comprises a semiconductor refrigerator, a second water pump, a water storage cavity and a snake-shaped condensation pipeline, wherein the snake-shaped condensation pipeline is arranged in the water storage cavity, an air outlet of the snake-shaped condensation pipeline is connected with an air inlet of the radon detection cavity, an air inlet of the snake-shaped condensation pipeline is connected with an air outlet of a gas washing bottle, a water inlet of the water storage cavity and a water outlet of the water storage cavity are mutually communicated through the semiconductor refrigerator and the second water pump to form a water loop, a temperature sensor is arranged on the water storage cavity, a heat insulation material is wrapped on the water storage cavity, and the semiconductor refrigerator, the second water pump and the temperature sensor are electrically connected with the control management module.
5. The dual-channel full-automatic in-water radon concentration online measurement system according to claim 4, wherein: the water taking device comprises a water taking sundry filter and a water quality pre-filter, water pumping ports of the water taking sundry filter and the first water pump are all located below the wellhead water level of the normal-temperature self-flowing well, a water outlet of the water taking sundry filter is connected with the water pumping port of the first water pump through the water quality pre-filter, a water outlet of the first water pump is connected with a water inlet of a water storage part at the lower part of the gas washing bottle, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the water inlet of the gas washing bottle.
6. The dual-channel full-automatic in-water radon concentration online measurement system according to claim 4, wherein: the water taking device comprises a pre-filter, a third water pump and a first water storage cavity, wherein the third water pump is positioned in the deep part of a normal-temperature non-gravity well, a water outlet of the third water pump is connected with the first water storage cavity through the pre-filter, the first water storage cavity is a funnel-shaped cavity, a water outlet is arranged at the bottom, a water inlet and a water intake are arranged at the lower part, an air pressure balance water outlet is arranged at the top, the water intake at the lower part is connected with the water pumping port of the first water pump through a water pipe and an electromagnetic valve door, and the water outlet of the first water pump is connected with the water inlet of the water storage part at the lower part of the gas washing cylinder through a water pipe and the electromagnetic valve door; the water inlet at the lower part is connected with the water outlet of the third water pump through a water pipe and an electromagnetic valve door.
7. The dual-channel full-automatic in-water radon concentration online measurement system according to claim 4, wherein: the water taking device comprises a water quality pre-filter, a semiconductor refrigerator, a fifth water pump, a fourth water pump and a second water storage cavity, wherein a water pumping port of the fifth water pump is connected with a water pipe below the water level of a wellhead of a high-temperature self-flowing well, a water outlet of the fifth water pump is connected to the second water storage cavity through the water quality pre-filter, the second water storage cavity is a funnel-shaped cavity, a water outlet is arranged at the bottom, a water intake and two water inlets are arranged at the lower part, a water outlet is arranged at the upper part, an air pressure balance water outlet is arranged at the top, the water outlet at the upper part is connected with the water inlet of the semiconductor refrigerator, the water intake is connected with the water pumping port of the first water pump, the water outlet of the first water pump is connected with the water inlet of the water storage part at the lower part of the gas washing bottle, one water inlet at the lower part is connected with the water outlet of the fifth water pump, and the other water inlet is connected with the water outlet of the semiconductor refrigerator through the fourth water pump.
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