CN117309668A - Portable automatic detection equipment and detection method for steel wire corrosion - Google Patents
Portable automatic detection equipment and detection method for steel wire corrosion Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 273
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 273
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 95
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012353 t test Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
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- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/48—Thermography; Techniques using wholly visual means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
- G01N17/006—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light of metals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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Abstract
The application relates to portable automatic detection equipment and a detection method for steel wire corrosion, which belong to the technical field of civil engineering bridge detection and comprise an energizing assembly, a rotating assembly and a sliding assembly; the electrifying component is used for connecting external current to the steel wire so that the steel wire heats; the rotating assembly comprises a frame, two large synchronous wheels, a fixed plate, an extension rod and a supporting plate, wherein the two large synchronous wheels are respectively and rotatably connected to the two frames; the corrosion degree of the steel wire to be detected can be quantized, the distribution condition of steel wire corrosion in the in-service bridge inhaul cable can be comprehensively evaluated, and further, the daily management and maintenance problems of the large-scale national bridge inhaul cable can be solved, economic, efficient, low-carbon and scientific decisions can be realized, unnecessary inhaul cable replacement can be reduced to the greatest extent, and carbon emission can be reduced from the root.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering bridge detection, in particular to portable automatic detection equipment and detection method for steel wire corrosion.
Background
The steel wire has the characteristics of higher strength, capability of bearing important load transmission of the bridge and maintaining the stability of the structure, and is widely applied to bridge engineering, such as cable bearing bridges of cable stayed bridges, suspension bridges, boom arch bridges and the like. However, the exposed surface of the steel wire is susceptible to corrosion, which may cause damage to the components and endanger the structural safety of the bridge. It has been counted that in recent years, corrosion has a bad influence on the structural performance of the infrastructure in China, and the annual economic loss exceeds 3100 hundred million yuan. Meanwhile, the steel industry is a large household with carbon emission. Under the 'double carbon' aim, the reduction of carbon emission in the steel industry is realized by updating and iterating in the production technology, and unnecessary waste and use are reduced at the use end (industrial chain) besides the energy conservation and emission reduction of the supply chain. By the end of 2022, national highway bridges have broken through 100 tens of thousands, and inhaul cable bridges occupy a large portion of bridge types. Aiming at a large number of in-service inhaul cables, frequent replacement can lead to massive use and waste of steel, and further cause massive carbon emission to affect ecological environment.
Therefore, aiming at the partially replaced in-service bridge inhaul cable, the corrosion degree of the steel wire in the inhaul cable can be timely and quantitatively detected and evaluated, and a bridge management unit can be better assisted to judge whether to replace the in-service bridge inhaul cable. Meanwhile, the steel product is more reasonably, efficiently and economically used from the use end, and the method has important significance for realizing the aim of double carbon and reducing unnecessary carbon emission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides portable automatic detection equipment and detection method for steel wire corrosion.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a portable automatic detection device for steel wire corrosion comprises an energizing assembly, a rotating assembly and a sliding assembly;
the energizing assembly is used for connecting external current to the steel wire so that the steel wire heats;
the rotary assembly comprises a frame, two large synchronous wheels, a fixed plate, an extension rod and a supporting plate, wherein the two large synchronous wheels are respectively connected to the two frames in a rotating way, the fixed plate is connected to one large synchronous wheel, the extension rod is connected to the other large synchronous wheel, one end of the extension rod, which is far away from the large synchronous wheel, is connected with the supporting plate, the supporting plate and the fixed plate are oppositely arranged and are respectively provided with a through hole for a steel wire to pass through, the fixed plate is connected with a screw for propping the steel wire tightly in a threaded way, and the two frames are respectively provided with a first power unit for driving the large synchronous wheel to rotate;
the sliding assembly comprises a guide rail, a sliding block, a sliding frame, an infrared camera and a second power unit, wherein the guide rail is connected between two frames and penetrates through the sliding frame, the sliding block is installed in the sliding frame and is in sliding fit with the guide rail, the infrared camera is installed at the top end of the sliding frame, and the second power unit is used for driving the sliding frame to move along the guide rail.
The power-on assembly comprises a supporting frame, copper clamps and power-on connectors, wherein the copper clamps are arranged on the supporting frame and have the same number of through holes with the supporting plate, the copper clamps are used for clamping steel wires, and the power-on connectors are fixed on the copper clamps.
The sliding blocks are arranged in two and are respectively connected in the sliding frame and the supporting frame; a heat insulation block is connected between the copper clamp and the support frame; and a heat insulation circular plate is arranged between the fixed plate and the large synchronous wheel corresponding to the fixed plate.
The through holes on the supporting plate and the fixing plate are symmetrically arranged in two.
The first power unit comprises a rotating motor, a small synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt, wherein the rotating motor is arranged on the side wall of the frame, a motor shaft of the rotating motor is coaxially connected with the small synchronous wheel, and the synchronous belt is connected with the large synchronous wheel and the small synchronous wheel.
The second power unit comprises a rack, a gear and a moving motor, wherein the rack is arranged on the side wall of the guide rail and is parallel to the length direction of the guide rail, the moving motor is installed in the sliding frame, a motor shaft of the moving motor is coaxially connected with the gear, and the gear is meshed with the rack.
The guide rail is divided into a plurality of sections, two adjacent sections are hinged with each other, the racks correspond to the sections of guide rails respectively, and when the sections of guide rails are sequentially arranged along a straight line, the two adjacent racks are abutted.
A detection method of a portable automatic detection device for steel wire corrosion comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing n steel wires as steel wire samples, wherein n is greater than or equal to 4, and measuring the initial weight M of each steel wire sample 0 Obtaining n groups of M 0 Data;
s2, carrying out dry-wet cycle corrosion tests on each steel wire sample for a plurality of times to form n corrosion steel wires;
measuring each corrosion wire and recording the diameter d of each corrosion wire test Length L test And weight M test ；
S3, heating and detecting the corrosion steel wire:
s3-1, measuring the initial temperature T of the first corrosion steel wire at the ambient temperature 0 ；
S3-2, electrifying and heating the first corrosion steel wire, and recording the heating time t of the first corrosion steel wire test Current value I test ；
S3-3, photographing the first corrosion steel wire by using an infrared camera after heating is finished, and recording the front temperature T of the first corrosion steel wire;
s3-4, calculating the difference delta T between the first corrosion steel wire before heating and the first corrosion steel wire after heating test ，ΔT test ＝T-T 0 ；
S3-5, carrying out heating detection on the remaining n-1 corrosion steel wires one by one to obtain n groups of T 0 、t test 、I test 、T、ΔT test Data;
s4, acid washing: acid washing the corroded steel wires one by one to remove corrosions, and measuring the corrosion removal of each corroded steel wireWeight M of post-object wire 1 Obtaining n groups of M 1 Data;
s5, calculating mass loss rate X of each steel wire sample D ：
M in step S1 and step S4 0 、M 1 Substituted into (1) to obtain n groups X D A value;
s6, calculating a characteristic value F of the steel wire corrosion degree of each steel wire sample:
d in step S2 and step S3-5 test 、M test 、L test 、I test 、t test Substituting the values into the formula (2) to obtain n groups of F values;
s7, carrying out numerical analysis on the heated steel wire based on a Joule law and a steel wire heat release formula, and establishing a corrosion steel wire corrosion degree quantitative prediction model:
F＝aX D 3 +bX D 2 +eX D +g (3)
wherein a, b, e, g is a fitting parameter to be solved;
s8, F value and X corresponding to each sample in the step S5 and the step S6 D Substituting the values into the formula (2) to obtain n groups of equations of the formula (2), and solving the values of a, b, e, g by solving the equations to obtain a prediction model containing specific fitting parameters;
s9, detecting corrosion degree:
s9-1, measuring the measured steel wire according to the step S2 to obtain the diameter d of the measured steel wire test ' length L test ' sum weight M test '；
S9-2, measuring the initial temperature T of the measured steel wire at the ambient temperature according to the step S3-1 0 '；
S9-3, according to step S3-2, the tested steel wire is subjected toElectrifying and heating, and recording heating time t of the measured steel wire test ' Current value I test '；
S9-4, photographing the heated steel wire to be measured by using an infrared camera according to the step S3-3, and recording the front temperature T' of the steel wire to be measured;
s9-5, calculating the difference delta T between the heated steel wire and the heated steel wire according to the step S3-4 test '；
S9-6, deltaT test '、d test '、M test '、L test '、I test '、t test ' input to equation (2) to obtain corresponding F value, substituting the F value into the predictive model containing specific fitting parameters in step S8 to calculate the predicted corrosion degree.
The step S3 of heating and detecting the corrosion steel wire comprises the following steps:
the corrosion steel wires pass through the through holes of the fixing plate and the supporting plate and are fixed by screws;
the moving infrared camera moves from one end of the test length of the corrosion steel wire to the other end and acquires images of a plurality of points on the steel wire in the moving process; the steel wire is rotated 180 degrees, the infrared camera returns to the initial position at the same speed, and images of a plurality of points on the steel wire are collected in the returning process;
calculating the average temperature of the temperatures of all the points acquired by the infrared camera to obtain the initial temperature T of the corrosion steel wire at the ambient temperature 0 ；
Moving the energizing assembly to clamp the steel wire in the copper clamp; the power-on connector is connected with a power supply to cause thermal excitation;
after heating, moving the infrared camera from one end to the other end of the test length of the corrosion steel wire and collecting images of a plurality of points on the steel wire in the moving process; the steel wire is rotated 180 degrees, the infrared camera returns to the initial position at the same speed, and images of a plurality of points on the heated steel wire are collected in the returning process;
and calculating the average temperature of each point position acquired by the infrared camera to obtain the average front temperature T of the corrosion steel wire after heating.
The steel wire heating mode comprises on-line heating and off-line heating;
and (3) online heating: setting a test length for the in-service steel wire of the bridge, and connecting current to two ends of the test length of the steel wire to heat the steel wire;
off-line heating: cutting an etched steel wire from one steel wire in a stay cable of a bridge, and electrifying and heating the cut etched steel wire.
Through the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the infrared camera can automatically shoot any radial and transverse positions of the steel wire, quickly acquire comprehensive temperature field distribution information of the steel wire during the temperature keeping period of the steel wire, and establish a prediction model of temperature distribution and corrosion degree after energizing and exciting the surface of the pre-corroded steel wire by analyzing the data, so that the corrosion degree of the steel wire to be detected can be quantified, even if the corrosion degree of the steel wire is very slight, the corrosion degree of the steel wire can be identified, the comprehensive evaluation of the steel wire corrosion distribution condition in the in-service bridge cable is facilitated, and a bridge management unit is assisted in judging whether to replace the in-service bridge cable; the purposes of reducing resource waste and protecting ecological environment are realized;
2. the hinge structure of the guide rail realizes the folding function of the equipment and improves the portability of the equipment;
3. the relation between the steel wire mass loss rates with different corrosion degrees and the steel wire surface temperature after thermal excitation is obtained through experiments, so that databases of prediction models are enriched, and the accuracy of the evaluation results of the prediction models is improved;
4. and compared with the influence of air heat exchange, machine operation and moving speed on the temperature result of the back surface of the steel wire, the method has the advantages that the front temperature result of the steel wire is selected to judge the corrosion degree of the steel wire, so that a plurality of influencing factors exist on the temperature result of the back surface of the steel wire easily, and the front temperature result is adopted to judge the corrosion degree of the steel wire, thereby being beneficial to improving the accuracy of judgment.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for embodying an insulated circular plate and large synchronizing wheel;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the invention for embodying an extension rod and support plate;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention for use in embodying an energized assembly;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a slide assembly embodying the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for embodying a rail;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention after folding for embodying the guide rail.
In the figure: 1. an energizing assembly; 11. a support frame; 12. a heat insulating block; 13. a copper clip; 131. an upper clamping piece; 132. a lower clamping piece; 14. electrifying the joint; 2. a rotating assembly; 21. a frame; 211. a support leg; 22. a large synchronizing wheel; 23. a small synchronizing wheel; 24. a synchronous belt; 25. a rotating electric machine; 26. a thermally insulating circular plate; 27. a fixing plate; 28. an extension rod; 29. a support plate; 3. a sliding assembly; 31. a guide rail; 311. guide rail number one; 312. guide rail II; 313. guide rail III; 314. a hinge; 32. a slide block; 33. a carriage; 34. an infrared camera; 35. a gear; 36. a rack; 361. a rack I; 362. a second rack; 363. a third rack; 37. a moving motor; 38. a mounting base; 4. a steel wire; 5. and a through hole.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "left," "right," "upper," "lower," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the apparatus or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and that "first," "second," etc. do not represent the importance of the components and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions adopted in the present embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution, and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the portable automatic detection device and the detection method for corrosion of the steel wire 4 comprise a rotating assembly 2, an energizing assembly 1 and a sliding assembly 3.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the rotating assembly 2 includes two frames 21, two large synchronizing wheels 22, a fixing plate 27, an extension bar 28 and a support plate 29, the two frames 21 are parallel to each other, and each frame 21 has two legs 211 for supporting the entire apparatus; the two large synchronizing wheels 22 are respectively connected to the two frames 21 in a rotating way and are oppositely arranged, a heat insulation circular plate 26 is fixed on the side wall of one large synchronizing wheel 22, one side of the heat insulation circular plate 26, which is away from the corresponding large synchronizing wheel 22, is connected with a fixing plate 27, the length of the fixing plate 27 is larger than the diameter of the heat insulation circular plate 26, an extension rod 28 is coaxially connected with the other large synchronizing wheel 22, and one end, far away from the large synchronizing wheel 22, of the extension rod 28 is vertically connected with a supporting plate 29.
The backup pad 29 and fixed plate 27 set up relatively and all offer the through-hole 5 that supplies steel wire 4 to pass, and the through-hole 5 on backup pad 29 and the fixed plate 27 all symmetry is equipped with two, and fixed plate 27 tip threaded connection has the screw that is used for supporting steel wire 4 tight, and thermal-insulated plectane 26, backup pad 29 adopt insulating material, have thermal-insulated and insulating effect, and fixed plate 27 is the copper.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the two frames 21 are provided with first power units for driving the large synchronizing wheel 22 to rotate, the first power units comprise a rotating motor 25, a small synchronizing wheel 23 and a synchronous belt 24, the rotating motor 25 is mounted on the side wall of the frame 21, a motor shaft of the rotating motor 25 is coaxially connected with the small synchronizing wheel 23, the small synchronizing wheel 23 is located below the large synchronizing wheel 22, and the synchronous belt 24 is connected to the large synchronizing wheel 22 and the small synchronizing wheel 23. The two rotating motors 25 respectively drive the two small synchronous wheels 23 to rotate, and the two small synchronous wheels 23 respectively drive the two large synchronous wheels 22 to rotate through the synchronous belt 24, so that the fixed plate 27 and the supporting plate 29 rotate by the same angle at the same angular speed, and the steel wire 4 is driven to rotate around the axis of the large synchronous wheels 22 by a determined angle.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the energizing assembly 1 includes a supporting frame 11, a copper clip 13 and an energizing joint 14, the supporting frame 11 is integrally U-shaped, two ends of the supporting frame 11 are horizontally bent along opposite directions, meanwhile, two ends of the supporting frame 11 are distributed on two sides of an extension rod 28 and are located between a supporting plate 29 and a large synchronizing wheel 22 corresponding to the supporting plate 29, two ends of the supporting frame 11 are fixed with heat insulation blocks 12, and the heat insulation blocks 12 are made of insulating materials and have heat insulation and insulation functions.
The copper clamps 13 are provided with two through holes 5 which respectively correspond to the two through holes 5 on the supporting plate 29, each copper clamp 13 comprises an upper clamping piece 131 and a lower clamping piece 132 which are used for clamping the steel wire 4, and the lower clamping pieces 132 of the two copper clamps 13 are respectively fixed on the two heat insulation blocks 12; the energizing joint 14 is provided with two and is fixed to the two lower clips 132 by screws, respectively. The power connection 14 is connected with a power supply to supply external current to the steel wire 4, so that the steel wire 4 heats.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the sliding assembly 3 includes a guide rail 31, a sliding block 32, a sliding frame 33, an infrared camera 34 and a second power unit, the guide rail 31 is connected between the two frames 21 and is located below the small synchronous wheel 23, the guide rail 31 passes through the sliding frame 33, the sliding block 32 is provided with two sliding blocks and is respectively connected in the sliding frame 33 and the supporting frame 11, the two sliding blocks 32 are in sliding fit with the guide rail 31, the infrared camera 34 is installed at the top end of the sliding frame 33, the field of view of the infrared camera 34 can cover the two steel wires 4 below, and the second power unit is used for driving the sliding frame 33 to move along the guide rail 31.
The second power unit comprises a rack 36, a gear 35 and a moving motor 37, wherein the rack 36 is arranged on the side wall of the guide rail 31 and is parallel to the length direction of the guide rail 31, a mounting seat 38 is arranged in the sliding frame 33, the moving motor 37 is arranged in the mounting seat 38, a motor shaft of the moving motor 37 is coaxially connected with the gear 35, and the gear 35 is positioned below the rack 36 and is meshed with each other.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the guide rail 31 is divided into three sections, and two adjacent sections of guide rails 31 are hinged at one end close to each other by a hinge 314, the three sections of guide rails 31 are respectively marked as a first guide rail 311, a second guide rail 312 and a third guide rail 313, and the racks 36 respectively correspond to the sections of guide rails 31, i.e. the racks 36 are also divided into three sections, namely a first rack 361, a second rack 362 and a third rack 363. The hinge 314 adopts a hardware fitting, is a 180-degree hinge and can be self-locked at the positions when the hinge is opened by 180 degrees and folded by 90 degrees, so that the first guide rail 311 and the third guide rail 313 can be locked at the two positions of which the horizontal included angles are 90 degrees and 0 degrees, and when the first guide rail 311 and the third guide rail 313 are locked at the positions of 90 degrees, the volume of the whole equipment is reduced after being folded, and the portability can be improved; when the first guide rail 311 and the third guide rail 313 are locked at the 0-degree position, the three sections of guide rails 31 are sequentially arranged and spliced on the same plane along a straight line to form a whole long guide rail 31, and the three sections of racks 36 are also spliced to form a whole long rack 36.
The moving motor 37 drives the gear 35 to rotate, and the gear 35 is meshed with the rack 36 to drive the sliding frame 33 to move along the guide rail 31.
The principle of portable automatic detection equipment for corrosion of steel wire 4 is as follows: each wire 4 passes through the wire 4 support plate 29, the other end is fixed on the fixing plate 27 by a screw, the support frame 11 is moved to the left, one end of each wire 4 is respectively clamped by the two copper clamps 13, and the two wires 4 form a series loop. The two copper clips 13 are respectively connected with the energizing joint 14, and are connected with external current, so that the steel wire 4 is heated after being energized, and the duration is kept at 10 seconds to improve the detection precision.
After the heating is finished, the screw is loosened, the supporting frame 11 is moved to the right side, and the steel wire 4 is separated from the copper clamp 13.
The steel wire 4 is driven to rotate around the axis of the large synchronous wheel 22 by a certain angle through the rotating motor 25, the infrared camera 34 shoots the steel wire 4, and the infrared camera 34 can shoot defects of all radial positions of the steel wire 4 after a plurality of rotating motions; the carriage 33 is driven to move for a certain distance by the moving motor 37, then the infrared camera 34 shoots the steel wire 4, and the infrared camera 34 can shoot defects at all axial positions of the steel wire 4 after a plurality of translational movements.
When rust products are present on the surface of the steel wire 4, the resistivity, specific heat capacity and chemical composition thereof are different from those of the non-corroded steel itself, resulting in a change in the surface temperature distribution after power-on. Therefore, according to the temperature field distribution of the surface of the steel wire 4 photographed by the infrared camera 34, a prediction model based on the temperature distribution and the corrosion degree of the pre-corroded steel wire 4 after the surface of the pre-corroded steel wire 4 is electrified and excited can be constructed, the corrosion degree of the steel wire 4 to be detected can be quantified, even if the corrosion degree of the steel wire 4 is very slight, the corrosion degree of the steel wire 4 can be identified, and the comprehensive evaluation of the corrosion distribution condition of the steel wire 4 in the in-service bridge inhaul cable is facilitated.
In addition, the steel wire 4 can automatically rotate, the infrared camera 34 can automatically move, automatic detection of the steel wire 4 is achieved, the possibility of existence of detection dead angles is reduced, and accuracy of data collection is improved.
The technical scheme of the application also provides a detection method of the portable automatic detection equipment for steel wire corrosion, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing n steel wires as steel wire samples, wherein n is greater than or equal to 4, and measuring the initial weight M of each steel wire sample 0 Obtaining n groups of M 0 Data.
S2, carrying out dry-wet cycle corrosion tests on each steel wire sample for a plurality of times to form n corrosion steel wires;
measuring each corrosion wire and recording the diameter d of each corrosion wire test Length L test And weight M test The diameter of the corrosion wire is averaged over the diameters measured for the corrosion wire in three different sections.
S3, heating and detecting the corrosion steel wire:
s3-1, measuring the initial temperature T of the first corrosion steel wire at the ambient temperature 0 ；
S3-2, electrifying and heating the first corrosion steel wire, and recording the heating time t of the first corrosion steel wire test Current value I test ；
S3-3, photographing the first corrosion steel wire by using an infrared camera after heating is finished, and recording the front temperature T of the first corrosion steel wire;
s3-4, calculating the difference delta T between the first corrosion steel wire before heating and the first corrosion steel wire after heating test ，ΔT test ＝T-T 0 ；
S3-5, carrying out heating detection on the remaining n-1 corrosion steel wires one by one to obtain n groups of T 0 、t test 、I test 、T、ΔT test Data.
S4, acid washing: pickling the corroded steel wires one by one to remove corrosions, and measuring the weight M of each corroded steel wire after removing corrosions 1 Obtaining n groups of M 1 Data.
S5, calculating mass loss rate X of each steel wire sample D ：
M in step S1 and step S4 0 、M 1 Substituted into (1) to obtain n groups X D Values.
S6, calculating a characteristic value F of the steel wire corrosion degree of each steel wire sample:
d in step S2 and step S3-5 test 、M test 、L test 、I test 、t test Substituting the n groups of F values into the formula (2) results in n groups of F values.
The derivation process of formula (2) is as follows:
the formula (1.1) is obtained according to Joule's law:
wherein Q is the Joule heat of the ith steel wire provided by the direct current power supply; i i (t) is the current through the ith wire at time t; r is R i (t) is the resistance of the ith steel wire at the moment t; i is the current passing through the steel wire; r is a steel wire resistance; t is the power-on time.
Equation (2.1) is obtained according to the steel wire heat release equation:
wherein, c i (T) is the specific heat capacity of the ith steel wire at T temperature; m is M i (T) is the weight of the ith steel wire at T temperature; t and T 0 The temperature after the steel wire is heated and the temperature under the environment temperature are respectively; deltaT is T and T 0 Is a difference in (2); c is the specific heat capacity of the steel wire; m is the mass of the steel wire; .
According to Joule's law and the steel wire heat release formula, the heat generated by electrifying is equal to the heat released by the steel wire, and the formulas (1.1) and (2.1) can be rewritten into the formula (3.1):
Q input ＝Q output ＝I 2 Rt＝cMΔT
in which Q input The heat generated by electrifying the steel wire; q (Q) output Is the heat emitted by the steel wire.
The magnitude of the wire resistance can be expressed as formula (4.1):
wherein ρ is i The resistivity of the steel wire under different corrosion degrees is shown; l (L) i And d i The length and the average diameter of the steel wire; s is S i Is the cross-sectional area of the steel wire; test is a steel wire to be detected for corrosion, demo is a steel wire without corrosion or in a brand-new state, the steel wire and the steel wire are in series connection, the passing currents are the same, and the resistances of the steel wire and the demo are different; besides the resistivity and specific heat capacity of the steel wires with different corrosion degrees, other parameters can be easily obtained by a traditional measuring method. Here, the diameter of each corrosion wire is a constant, equal to the average of the diameters measured at three different portions of the test specimen.
Since the magnitude of the wire resistance is related to the resistivity, the specimen length, and the specimen diameter, substituting the formula (4.1) into the formula (3.1) can obtain the formula (5.1):
wherein C is i The specific heat capacity of the ith steel wire; m is M i Is the mass of the ith steel wire; delta T i Is the temperature difference between the temperature of the ith steel wire after heating and the ambient temperature.
According to formula (5.1), the relationship between the steel wire surface temperature and other variables during heating can be rewritten as:
wherein ρ is test The resistivity of the steel wire to be tested; c test Is the specific heat capacity of the steel wire to be measured.
S7, carrying out numerical analysis on the heated steel wire based on a Joule law and a steel wire heat release formula, and establishing a corrosion steel wire corrosion degree quantitative prediction model:
F＝aX D 3 +bX D 2 +eX D +g (3)
where a, b, e, g is the fitting parameter to be solved. Specifically, the formula (3) is an expression obtained by taking steel wires corroded to different degrees as samples according to the formula (5.1), performing a test by using detection equipment in the technical scheme of application, energizing the samples for 10 seconds, exciting the surface temperature results and measuring the surface temperature results to obtain test pieces, and regressing according to a cubic polynomial curve.
S8, F value and X corresponding to each sample in the step S5 and the step S6 D Substituting the values into the formula (2) to obtain n groups of equations of the formula (2), and solving the values of a, b, e, g by solving the equations to obtain a prediction model containing specific fitting parameters;
according to the technical scheme, the optimal fitting parameters are combined, and an actual prediction model is given as follows:
F＝3.22×10 -9 X D 3 -1.543×10 -8 X D 2 +2.461×10 -8 X D -1.279×10 -8 。
s9, detecting corrosion degree:
s9-1, measuring the measured steel wire according to the step S2 to obtain the diameter d of the measured steel wire test ' length L test ' sum weight M test '；
S9-2, measuring the initial temperature T of the measured steel wire at the ambient temperature according to the step S3-1 0 '；
S9-3, electrifying and heating the tested steel wire according to the step S3-2, and recording the heating time t of the tested steel wire test ' Current value I test '；
S9-4, photographing the heated steel wire to be measured by using an infrared camera according to the step S3-3, and recording the front temperature T' of the steel wire to be measured;
s9-5, calculating the difference delta T between the heated steel wire and the heated steel wire according to the step S3-4 test '；
S9-6, deltaT test '、d test '、M test '、L test '、I test '、t test ' input to equation (2) to obtain corresponding F value, substituting F value into the prediction model containing specific fitting parameters in step S8 to calculate X D Value of X D The value is used as a quantitative index for evaluating the corrosion degree of the tested steel wire.
The step S3 of heating and detecting the corrosion steel wire comprises the following steps: the corrosion wires are passed through the through holes 5 of the fixing plate 27 and the supporting plate 29 and fixed by screws; the infrared camera 34 is driven to move from one end of the test length of the corrosion steel wire to the other end by the second power unit, and images of a plurality of points on the steel wire are acquired in the moving process; the first power unit drives the steel wire to rotate 180 degrees, the infrared camera 34 returns to the initial position at the same speed, and images of a plurality of points on the steel wire are acquired in the returning process; the average temperature is calculated from the temperatures at each point collected by the infrared camera 34 to obtain the initial temperature of the corrosion wire at ambient temperature.
Moving the energizing assembly to clamp the steel wire in the copper clamp 13; the power connection 14 is powered on to cause thermal excitation; after heating, moving the energizing assembly to separate the steel wire from the copper clamp 13, driving the infrared camera 34 to move from one end of the test length of the corrosion steel wire to the other end through the second power unit, and collecting images of a plurality of points on the heated steel wire in the moving process; the first power unit drives the steel wire to rotate 180 degrees, the infrared camera 34 returns to the initial position at the same speed, and images of a plurality of points on the heated steel wire are acquired in the returning process; the average temperature is calculated for each point temperature collected by the infrared camera 34 to obtain the average frontal temperature of the corrosion wire after heating.
The steel wire heating mode comprises on-line heating and off-line heating; and (3) online heating: setting a test length for the in-service steel wire of the bridge, and connecting current to two ends of the test length of the steel wire to heat the steel wire; off-line heating: cutting an corroded steel wire from a steel wire in a stay cable of a bridge, and electrifying and heating the steel wire.
Because the specific heat capacity and the specific resistance of steel wires with different corrosion degrees are different, the test sample is heated to different temperatures after being electrified, the corrosion degree of the steel wires can influence the specific resistance, and the specific heat capacities of various materials are different. Therefore, a series of experiments are carried out on the sample after the accelerated corrosion test by using the detection device, and the relation between the surface temperature and the corrosion degree of the sample is obtained as priori knowledge. And establishing a quantitative prediction model of the corrosion degree of the corrosion steel wire by using priori knowledge of the surface temperature and the corrosion degree of the steel wire after being electrified, so as to realize rapid and accurate detection of the corrosion rate of the in-service steel wire.
Obtaining the relation between the mass loss rate of the steel wire 4 with different corrosion degrees and the surface temperature of the steel wire 4 after thermal excitation through experiments; the temperature distribution image of the steel wire 4 acquired by the infrared camera 34 can provide detailed information about the surface temperature of the steel wire 4, and the corrosion degree of the steel wire 4 can be rapidly and accurately detected by analyzing the data.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The meaning of "and/or" as referred to in this application means that each exists alone or both.
As used herein, "connected" means either a direct connection between elements or an indirect connection between elements via other elements.
With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention as an illustration, the above-described descriptions can be used by persons skilled in the relevant art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (10)
1. The portable automatic detection equipment for steel wire corrosion is characterized by comprising an electrifying component (1), a rotating component (2) and a sliding component (3);
the energizing assembly (1) is used for connecting external current to the steel wire (4) so that the steel wire (4) heats;
the rotating assembly (2) comprises a frame (21), large synchronous wheels (22), a fixed plate (27), an extension rod (28) and a supporting plate (29), wherein the frame (21) is provided with two large synchronous wheels (22) which are respectively connected to the two frames (21) in a rotating mode, the fixed plate (27) is connected to one large synchronous wheel (22), the extension rod (28) is connected to the other large synchronous wheel (22), one end, far away from the large synchronous wheel (22), of the extension rod (28) is connected with the supporting plate (29), the supporting plate (29) and the fixed plate (27) are oppositely arranged and are provided with through holes (5) for a steel wire (4) to pass through, screws for propping the steel wire (4) are connected to the fixed plate (27) in a threaded mode, and first power units for driving the large synchronous wheels (22) to rotate are arranged on the two frames (21);
the sliding assembly (3) comprises a guide rail (31), a sliding block (32), a sliding frame (33), an infrared camera (34) and a second power unit, wherein the guide rail (31) is connected between the two frames (21) and penetrates through the sliding frame (33), the sliding block (32) is installed in the sliding frame (33) and is in sliding fit with the guide rail (31), the infrared camera (34) is installed at the top end of the sliding frame (33), and the second power unit is used for driving the sliding frame (33) to move along the guide rail (31).
2. The portable automatic steel wire corrosion detection device according to claim 1, wherein the energizing assembly (1) comprises a supporting frame (11), copper clamps (13) and energizing connectors (14), the copper clamps (13) are arranged on the supporting frame (11) and are the same in number with through holes (5) in the supporting plate (29), the copper clamps (13) are used for clamping steel wires (4), and the energizing connectors (14) are fixed on the copper clamps (13).
3. A portable automatic detection device for corrosion of steel wire according to claim 2, characterized in that said slider (32) is provided with two and is connected respectively inside said carriage (33) and said support frame (11); a heat insulation block (12) is connected between the copper clamp (13) and the supporting frame (11); and a heat insulation circular plate (26) is arranged between the fixed plate (27) and the large synchronous wheel (22) corresponding to the fixed plate.
4. The portable automatic detection device for corrosion of steel wires according to claim 1, wherein the through holes (5) in the supporting plate (29) and the fixing plate (27) are symmetrically arranged.
5. The portable automatic steel wire corrosion detection device according to claim 1, wherein the first power unit comprises a rotating motor (25), a small synchronous wheel (23) and a synchronous belt (24), the rotating motor (25) is mounted on the side wall of the frame (21), a motor shaft of the rotating motor (25) is coaxially connected with the small synchronous wheel (23), and the synchronous belt (24) is connected to the large synchronous wheel (22) and the small synchronous wheel (23).
6. The portable automatic steel wire corrosion detection device according to claim 1, wherein the second power unit comprises a rack (36), a gear (35) and a moving motor (37), the rack (36) is arranged on the side wall of the guide rail (31) and is parallel to the length direction of the guide rail (31), the moving motor (37) is installed in the sliding frame (33), a motor shaft of the moving motor (37) is coaxially connected with the gear (35), and the gear (35) is meshed with the rack (36).
7. The portable automatic detection device for corrosion of steel wires according to claim 6, wherein the guide rail (31) is divided into a plurality of sections, two adjacent sections of the guide rail (31) are hinged to each other, the racks (36) respectively correspond to each section of the guide rail (31), and when each section of the guide rail (31) is sequentially arranged along a straight line, the adjacent two racks (36) are abutted.
8. The detection method of the portable automatic detection equipment for steel wire corrosion is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing n steel wires as steel wire samples, wherein n is greater than or equal to 4, and measuring the initial weight M of each steel wire sample 0 Obtaining n groups of M 0 Data;
s2, carrying out dry-wet cycle corrosion tests on each steel wire sample for a plurality of times to form n corrosion steel wires;
measuring each corrosion wire and recording the diameter d of each corrosion wire test Length L test And weight M test ；
S3, heating and detecting the corrosion steel wire:
s3-1, measuring the initial temperature T of the first corrosion steel wire at the ambient temperature 0 ；
S3-2, electrifying and heating the first corrosion steel wire, and recording the heating time t of the first corrosion steel wire test Current value I test ；
S3-3, photographing the first corrosion steel wire by using an infrared camera after heating is finished, and recording the front temperature T of the first corrosion steel wire;
s3-4, calculating the difference delta T between the first corrosion steel wire before heating and the first corrosion steel wire after heating test ，ΔT test ＝T-T 0 ；
S3-5, carrying out heating detection on the remaining n-1 corrosion steel wires one by one to obtain n groups of T 0 、t test 、I test 、T、ΔT test Data;
s4, acid washing: pickling the corroded steel wires one by one to remove corrosions, and measuring the weight M of each corroded steel wire after removing corrosions 1 Obtaining n groups of M 1 Data;
s5, calculating mass loss rate X of each steel wire sample D ：
M in step S1 and step S4 0 、M 1 Substituted into (1) to obtain n groups X D A value;
s6, calculating a characteristic value F of the steel wire corrosion degree of each steel wire sample:
d in step S2 and step S3-5 test 、M test 、L test 、I test 、t test Substituting the values into the formula (2) to obtain n groups of F values;
s7, carrying out numerical analysis on the heated steel wire based on a Joule law and a steel wire heat release formula, and establishing a corrosion steel wire corrosion degree quantitative prediction model:
F＝aX D 3 +bX D 2 +eX D +g (3)
wherein a, b, e, g is a fitting parameter to be solved;
s8, F value and X corresponding to each sample in the step S5 and the step S6 D Substituting the values into the formula (2) to obtain n groups of equations of the formula (2), and solving the values of a, b, e, g by solving the equations to obtain a prediction model containing specific fitting parameters;
s9, detecting corrosion degree:
s9-1, measuring the measured steel wire according to the step S2 to obtain the diameter d of the measured steel wire test ' length L test ' sum weight M test '；
S9-2, measuring the initial temperature T of the measured steel wire at the ambient temperature according to the step S3-1 0 '；
S9-3, electrifying and heating the tested steel wire according to the step S3-2, and recording the heating time t of the tested steel wire test ' Current value I test '；
S9-4, photographing the heated steel wire to be measured by using an infrared camera according to the step S3-3, and recording the front temperature T' of the steel wire to be measured;
s9-5, calculating the heating time and the heating time of the tested steel wire according to the step S3-4The difference delta T test '；
S9-6, deltaT test '、d test '、M test '、L test '、I test '、t test ' input to equation (2) to obtain corresponding F value, substituting the F value into the predictive model containing specific fitting parameters in step S8 to calculate the predicted corrosion degree.
9. The method for detecting steel wire corrosion by portable automatic detection equipment according to claim 8, wherein the step S3 of heating the corroded steel wire comprises:
the corrosion steel wires pass through the through holes of the fixing plate and the supporting plate and are fixed by screws;
the moving infrared camera moves from one end of the test length of the corrosion steel wire to the other end and acquires images of a plurality of points on the steel wire in the moving process; the steel wire is rotated 180 degrees, the infrared camera returns to the initial position at the same speed, and images of a plurality of points on the steel wire are collected in the returning process;
calculating the average temperature of the temperatures of all the points acquired by the infrared camera to obtain the initial temperature T of the corrosion steel wire at the ambient temperature 0 ；
Moving the energizing assembly to clamp the steel wire in the copper clamp; the power-on connector is connected with a power supply to cause thermal excitation;
after heating, moving the infrared camera from one end to the other end of the test length of the corrosion steel wire and collecting images of a plurality of points on the steel wire in the moving process; the steel wire is rotated 180 degrees, the infrared camera returns to the initial position at the same speed, and images of a plurality of points on the heated steel wire are collected in the returning process;
and calculating the average temperature of each point position acquired by the infrared camera to obtain the average front temperature T of the corrosion steel wire after heating.
10. The method for detecting the corrosion of the steel wire in the portable automatic detection equipment according to claim 9, wherein the steel wire heating mode comprises on-line heating and off-line heating;
and (3) online heating: setting a test length for the in-service steel wire of the bridge, and connecting current to two ends of the test length of the steel wire to heat the steel wire;
off-line heating: cutting an etched steel wire from one steel wire in a stay cable of a bridge, and electrifying and heating the cut etched steel wire.
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