CN117308855A - Rotating mechanism, measuring device, installation method, data measuring and processing method - Google Patents
Rotating mechanism, measuring device, installation method, data measuring and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117308855A CN117308855A CN202311521984.3A CN202311521984A CN117308855A CN 117308855 A CN117308855 A CN 117308855A CN 202311521984 A CN202311521984 A CN 202311521984A CN 117308855 A CN117308855 A CN 117308855A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000692 Student's t-test Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012353 t test Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
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- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a roundness measurement field specifically, relates to a rotary mechanism, measuring device, installation method, data measurement and processing method, and wherein rotary mechanism includes rotation portion, rotates and installs on rotation portion and two belt pulleys that set up side by side, sets up at two belt pulley sides and rotates the belt of being connected with two belt pulleys and sets up the shift fork in belt pulley top, and two fork feet of shift fork are connected with the outside of two sections partial belts that are located between two belt pulleys respectively. The rotating mechanism can solve the problem that the roundness profile error data obtained by measurement is inaccurate due to the fact that the motor vibrates to enable the long-axis workpiece to be subjected to radial force and eccentric force, and the long-axis workpiece is bent and deformed or deviates from the original position, so that the effect of accurately measuring the roundness profile error data on the surface of the long-axis workpiece is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of roundness measurement, and in particular, to a rotating mechanism, a measuring device, an installation method, and a data measurement and processing method.
Background
The long shaft workpiece is mainly used for supporting transmission, transmitting torque and bearing load, and the type of the long shaft workpiece comprises a circular shaft, a straight pipe and the like. In the existing roundness detection process of the long-axis workpiece, a motor connected with the long-axis workpiece generally directly drives the long-axis workpiece to rotate, a measuring mechanism is used for measuring roundness profile error data of the surface of the long-axis workpiece in the rotation process of the long-axis workpiece, and roundness profile error data obtained through measurement are processed to obtain roundness errors of the long-axis workpiece.
However, in the process of rotating the long-axis workpiece, vibration generated by the motor may cause the long-axis workpiece to receive radial force and eccentric force, so that the long-axis workpiece is bent and deformed or deviates from the original position, and roundness profile error data obtained by measurement is inaccurate.
Accordingly, the prior art is subject to improvement and development.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the application is to provide a rotating mechanism, a measuring device, an installation method and a data measuring and processing method, and aims to solve the problem that the motor vibration causes the long-axis workpiece to be subjected to radial force and eccentric force, so that the long-axis workpiece is bent and deformed or deviates from the original position, and the roundness profile error data obtained by measurement is inaccurate.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a rotation mechanism for rotating a long-axis workpiece, the rotation mechanism comprising a first rotation assembly for mounting the long-axis workpiece and a second rotation assembly for rotating the first rotation assembly;
the first rotating assembly comprises a rotating part, two belt pulleys which are rotatably arranged on the rotating part and are arranged in parallel, and a belt sleeved on the two belt pulleys;
the second rotating assembly comprises a shifting fork arranged above the first rotating assembly, and two fork feet of the shifting fork respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of two belt sections of the belt between the two belt pulleys.
The rotating mechanism provided by the application is provided with the rotating part, the belt pulley, the belt and the shifting fork, and can rotate the long-shaft workpiece when rotating, so that the long-shaft workpiece is not subjected to radial force or eccentric force, the long-shaft workpiece is prevented from deforming or deviating from the original position, and roundness profile error data of the surface of the long-shaft workpiece can be accurately measured.
Optionally, the belt pulley is a toothed belt pulley, the belt is a toothed belt, and the tooth shape of the toothed belt is matched with the tooth shape of the toothed belt pulley.
In this embodiment, the rotary mechanism of this application sets up profile of tooth belt pulley and profile of tooth belt that the profile of tooth matches each other, can make pulley and belt lock each other not take place relative slip in the in-process of rotary mechanism work in order to improve the atress stability of belt and belt pulley, receive radial force or eccentric force effect when can preventing long-axis class work piece rotation better to can improve the accuracy of measuring the roundness profile error data on long-axis class work piece surface.
Alternatively, the two prongs apply two forces to the belt as a pair of couples.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a measurement apparatus for measuring roundness profile error data of a long-axis workpiece, including:
the fixing groove is provided with two side plates which are arranged in parallel and have adjustable opening angles;
the fixed spring is opposite to the notch of the fixed groove and is arranged on the side surface of the fixed groove; the rotating mechanism is arranged between the fixed groove and the fixed spring;
the base is arranged below the rotating mechanism and is used for clamping the long-shaft workpiece in a matching manner with the rotating mechanism in a measuring state;
the rotary driving mechanism is used for driving the rotating mechanism to rotate;
the lifting driving mechanism is connected with the base and used for driving the base to lift;
the rotating mechanism comprises a first rotating component for mounting the long-shaft workpiece and a second rotating component for rotating the first rotating component;
the first rotating assembly comprises a rotating part, two belt pulleys which are rotatably arranged on the rotating part and are arranged in parallel, and a belt sleeved on the two belt pulleys;
the second rotating assembly comprises a shifting fork arranged above the first rotating assembly, and two fork feet of the shifting fork respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of two belt sections of the belt between the two belt pulleys;
And the measuring mechanism is used for measuring roundness profile error data of the long-axis workpiece.
The utility model provides a measuring device sets up the slewing mechanism including rotating portion, belt pulley, belt and shift fork, can make slewing mechanism cooperation base centre gripping and rotate major axis class work piece when rotatory to make major axis class work piece not receive radial force or eccentric force effect, avoid major axis class work piece to produce deformation or skew original position, thereby can realize the roundness profile error data on accurate measurement major axis class work piece surface.
Optionally, the base plate of the base is an air-floating plate.
In this embodiment, the measuring apparatus of the present application uses the air bearing plate to air-bearing the long-axis workpiece, and can realize the contactless support of the base to the long-axis workpiece, thereby being able to avoid the long-axis workpiece from deviating from the original position due to the friction force.
In a third aspect, the present application also provides an installation method applied to a measurement device, the measurement device including:
the fixing groove is provided with two side plates which are arranged in parallel and have adjustable opening angles;
the fixed spring is opposite to the notch of the fixed groove and is arranged on the side surface of the fixed groove; the rotating mechanism is arranged between the fixed groove and the fixed spring;
The base is arranged below the rotating mechanism and is used for clamping the long-shaft workpiece in a matching manner with the rotating mechanism in a measuring state;
the rotary driving mechanism is used for driving the rotating mechanism to rotate;
the lifting driving mechanism is connected with the base and used for driving the base to lift;
the rotating mechanism comprises a first rotating component for mounting the long-shaft workpiece and a second rotating component for rotating the first rotating component;
the first rotating assembly comprises a rotating part, two belt pulleys which are rotatably arranged on the rotating part and are arranged in parallel, and a belt sleeved on the two belt pulleys;
the second rotating assembly comprises a shifting fork arranged above the first rotating assembly, and two fork feet of the shifting fork respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of two belt sections of the belt between the two belt pulleys;
the measuring mechanism is used for measuring roundness profile error data of the long-axis workpiece;
the installation method comprises the following steps:
the long-axis workpiece is placed between the base, the rotating mechanism, the fixed groove and the fixed spring;
the opening angle of the two side plates is regulated so as to enable the long-shaft workpiece to be attached to the fastening fixed groove and the fixed spring and enable the axis of the long-shaft workpiece to be aligned with the center of the rotating mechanism;
controlling the lifting driving mechanism to drive the base to lift so that the base and the rotating mechanism are matched to clamp the long-shaft workpiece;
The measuring mechanism is arranged on the side surface of the long-axis workpiece;
the rotary driving mechanism is connected with the rotating mechanism.
According to the installation method, the long shaft workpiece is pressed through the fixing spring and the fixing groove to fix the horizontal position of the long shaft workpiece, the axis of the long shaft workpiece is aligned with the center of the rotating mechanism by adjusting the opening angles of the two side plates, the rotating mechanism is matched with the base to clamp the long shaft workpiece, the position of the long shaft workpiece is fixed in the working process of the measuring device, the long shaft workpiece can be rotated around the axis of the long shaft workpiece, and therefore accuracy of measuring roundness profile error data can be improved.
In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a data measurement method for measuring roundness profile error data, applied to a measurement apparatus, where the measurement apparatus includes:
the fixing groove is provided with two side plates which are arranged in parallel and have adjustable opening angles;
the fixed spring is opposite to the notch of the fixed groove and is arranged on the side surface of the fixed groove; the rotating mechanism is arranged between the fixed groove and the fixed spring;
the base is arranged below the rotating mechanism and is used for clamping the long-shaft workpiece in a matching manner with the rotating mechanism in a measuring state;
The rotary driving mechanism is used for driving the rotating mechanism to rotate;
the lifting driving mechanism is connected with the base and used for driving the base to lift;
the rotating mechanism comprises a first rotating component for mounting the long-shaft workpiece and a second rotating component for rotating the first rotating component;
the first rotating assembly comprises a rotating part, two belt pulleys which are rotatably arranged on the rotating part and are arranged in parallel, and a belt sleeved on the two belt pulleys;
the second rotating assembly comprises a shifting fork arranged above the first rotating assembly, and two fork feet of the shifting fork respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of two belt sections of the belt between the two belt pulleys;
the measuring mechanism is used for measuring roundness profile error data of the long-axis workpiece;
the data measurement method comprises the following steps:
controlling the rotation driving mechanism to drive the rotation mechanism to rotate so as to rotate the long-shaft workpiece;
and in the process of rotating the long-axis workpiece, controlling the measuring mechanism to measure roundness profile error data.
According to the data measurement method, the measurement mechanism is controlled to measure the roundness profile error data in the rotation process of the long-axis workpiece, so that a basis can be provided for analysis and calculation of the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece, and the long-axis workpiece only rotates without displacement in the rotation process of the long-axis workpiece, so that the accuracy of measuring the roundness profile error data can be improved.
In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a data processing method, where the data processing method includes:
and processing the roundness profile error data obtained by the measurement of the data measurement method by using a minimum area method to obtain the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece.
The data processing method provided by the application uses the minimum area method to process the roundness profile error data obtained by measurement, so that the roundness error of the obtained long-axis workpiece is more accurate.
Optionally, the processing the roundness profile error data obtained by the data measurement method by using the minimum area method, and the process of obtaining the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece includes:
and processing the multiple groups of roundness profile error data obtained through measurement by using a minimum area method to obtain multiple groups of roundness error data, and obtaining the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece according to the average value of the multiple groups of roundness error data.
In this embodiment, the data processing method of the present application uses the average value of the plurality of sets of roundness error data as the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece, and can reduce the influence of the small stroke error of the roundness profile error data on the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece, so that the obtained roundness error of the long-axis workpiece is more accurate.
Optionally, the data processing method further comprises:
before a minimum area method is used for processing a plurality of groups of roundness profile error data obtained through measurement to obtain a plurality of groups of roundness error data, a t-test method is used for processing the plurality of groups of roundness profile error data obtained through measurement to remove roundness profile error data with systematic errors.
From the above, the present application provides a rotating mechanism, a measuring device, an installation method, and a data measuring and processing method, where the rotating mechanism provided in the present application is provided with a rotating portion, a belt pulley, a belt and a shifting fork, and can rotate a long-shaft workpiece when rotating, and make the long-shaft workpiece not receive radial force or eccentric force, so as to avoid deformation or deviation of the long-shaft workpiece from an original position, and thus, can accurately measure roundness profile error data of the surface of the long-shaft workpiece.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application. The objects and other advantages of the present application may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a rotating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a rotating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic stress diagram of a rotating mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a top view of a fixing groove provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing groove according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart of an installation method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart of a data measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of the reference numerals: 100. a fixing groove; 200. a fixed spring; 300. a rotating mechanism; 310. a rotating part; 320. a belt pulley; 330. a belt; 340. a shifting fork; 400. a base; 500. a rotary driving mechanism; 600. and a measuring mechanism.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, which are generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, as provided in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the application, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only to distinguish the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in a first aspect, the present application provides a rotation mechanism 300 for rotating a long-axis workpiece, the rotation mechanism 300 including a first rotation assembly for mounting the long-axis workpiece and a second rotation assembly for rotating the first rotation assembly;
the first rotating assembly comprises a rotating part 310, two pulleys 320 rotatably installed on the rotating part 310 and arranged in parallel, and a belt 330 sleeved on the two pulleys 320;
the second rotating assembly comprises a shifting fork 340 arranged above the first rotating assembly, and two fork legs of the shifting fork 340 respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of two belt sections of the belt 330 between the two belt pulleys 320.
Specifically, the fork 340 has a fork lever and two fork legs integrally connected.
More specifically, the rotating mechanism 300 operates by rotating the fork lever to swing the two fork legs, and the contact point between the belt 330 and the fork legs drives the first rotating assembly to integrally rotate when the fork legs swing.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 4, during operation of the rotation mechanism 300, F1 and F6 are two forces applied to the belt 330 by the fork 340, F2, F3, F4 and F5 are tensile forces applied to the belt 330, and F2', F3', F4 'and F5' are reaction forces applied to the pulley 320. Wherein two contact points of the belt 330 and the fork legs of the fork 340 divide two belt segments of the belt 330 between the two pulleys 320 into two belt segments, respectively. F2 and F3 are the tensile forces applied to the belt 330 at a contact point, and are used together with F1 to balance the forces applied to the belt 330 at the contact point, and the directions of F2 and F3 are respectively collinear with the two belt segments between the two pulleys 320 corresponding to the contact point; f4 and F5 are the tensile forces exerted by belt 330 at the other contact point, and are used together with F6 to balance the forces exerted by belt 330 at the contact point, and the directions of F4 and F5 are respectively collinear with the two belt segments corresponding to the contact point and located between two pulleys 320; when the belt 330 is unbalanced in force, the belt pulley 320 rotates, so that the lengths of two belt segments between the two belt pulleys 320 corresponding to one contact point are respectively the same as those of two belt segments between the two belt pulleys 320 corresponding to the other contact point, and the belt 330 is balanced again at the two contact points, and the two forces F1 and F6 applied to the belt 330 by the fork feet can be kept the same in size and opposite in direction; f2 'and F5' are reaction forces applied to a pulley 320, wherein F2 'is the same size and opposite direction as F2, and F5' is the same size and opposite direction as F5; f3', F4' are reaction forces experienced by the other pulley 320, where F3 'is the same size and opposite to F3 and F4' is the same size and opposite to F4. Since the two belt segments between the two pulleys 320 corresponding to one contact point are parallel and identical in length to the two belt segments between the two pulleys 320 corresponding to the other contact point, respectively, F2 is identical in size and opposite in direction to F4, and F3 is identical in size and opposite in direction to F5, so that F2 'is identical in size and opposite in direction to F4', and F3 'is identical in size and opposite in direction to F5', the two pulleys 320 are balanced in force. In the case where both the belt 330 and the pulley 320 are force balanced, the rotating portion 310 is force balanced, and the first rotating member is rotated only without displacement. When the first rotating assembly is connected with the long-axis workpiece, the shifting fork 340 rotates the first rotating assembly when the rotating mechanism 300 works, the first rotating assembly drives the long-axis workpiece to rotate, and the long-axis workpiece is not subjected to radial force or eccentric force when rotated because the first rotating assembly only rotates and does not generate displacement, so that the long-axis workpiece can be prevented from deforming or deviating from the original position, and the accuracy of measuring roundness profile error data of the surface of the long-axis workpiece can be improved.
The rotating mechanism provided by the application is provided with the rotating part 310, the belt pulley 320, the belt 330 and the shifting fork 340, and can rotate the long-axis workpiece when rotating, and the long-axis workpiece is enabled not to receive radial force or eccentric force, so that the long-axis workpiece is prevented from deforming or deviating from the original position, and roundness profile error data of the surface of the long-axis workpiece can be accurately measured.
In some preferred embodiments, pulley 320 is a toothed pulley and belt 330 is a toothed belt having a tooth profile that matches the tooth profile of the toothed pulley.
Specifically, during the operation of the rotation mechanism 300, sliding may occur between the belt 330 and the pulley 320, which may cause sliding between the belt 330 and the fork, so that the force applied to the belt 330 is not balanced any more, and thus, deformation or displacement may occur in the long-axis workpiece when the rotation portion 310 of the rotation mechanism 300 is connected to the long-axis workpiece and the rotation mechanism 300 is operated. Therefore, in this embodiment, the rotating mechanism 300 of the present application is provided with the toothed belt pulley and the toothed belt with the teeth matching each other, so that the belt pulley 320 and the belt 330 can be locked with each other in the working process of the rotating mechanism 300, and the belt 330 and the belt pulley 320 can not slide relatively, so as to improve the stress stability of the belt 330 and the belt pulley 320, and to better prevent the long shaft workpiece from being subjected to the action of radial force or eccentric force during the rotation, so as to improve the accuracy of measuring the roundness profile error data of the surface of the long shaft workpiece.
In some preferred embodiments, the two forces applied by the two prongs to belt 330 are a pair of couples.
Specifically, the two forces applied by the prongs to belt 330 are equal in magnitude, opposite in direction and non-collinear, thus enabling rotation of the turning mechanism 300 alone without displacement. In order to apply a pair of force pairs to the belt 330 by the fork legs, in this embodiment, the two pulleys 320 are the same in size, the position of the fork is located at the midpoint of the distance between the two pulleys 320, and the two fork legs are symmetrical about the straight line where the fork rod is located, so that the fork legs apply a pair of force pairs to the belt 330, and when the rotating mechanism 300 is operated, the two fork legs and the two pulleys 320 rotate in the same direction about the straight line where the fork rod is located.
In this embodiment, the rotating mechanism 300 of the present application applies a pair of force couples to the belt 330, so that when the rotating mechanism 300 is connected to the long-axis workpiece and the rotating mechanism 300 is operated, the long-axis workpiece is stressed and balanced, the long-axis workpiece is not subjected to radial force or eccentric force, deformation or deviation of the long-axis workpiece from the original position is avoided, and thus, accurate measurement of roundness profile error data of the surface of the long-axis workpiece can be realized.
As shown in fig. 3 and 5, in a second aspect, the present application provides a measuring apparatus for measuring roundness profile error data of a long axis workpiece, including:
the fixing groove 100 is provided with two side plates which are arranged in parallel and have adjustable opening angles;
a fixing spring 200 opposite to the notch of the fixing groove 100 and disposed at a side of the fixing groove 100;
a rotation mechanism 300 disposed between the fixing groove 100 and the fixing spring 200;
a base 400, disposed below the rotation mechanism 300, for clamping the long-axis workpiece in cooperation with the rotation mechanism 300 in a measurement state;
a rotation driving mechanism 500 for driving the rotation mechanism 300 to rotate;
a lifting driving mechanism (not shown) connected to the base 400 for driving the base 400 to lift;
the rotating mechanism 300 includes a first rotating assembly for mounting the long-axis workpiece and a second rotating assembly for rotating the first rotating assembly;
the first rotating assembly comprises a rotating part 310, two pulleys 320 rotatably installed on the rotating part 310 and arranged in parallel, and a belt 330 sleeved on the two pulleys 320;
the second rotating assembly comprises a shifting fork 340 arranged above the first rotating assembly, and two fork feet of the shifting fork 340 respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of two belt sections of the belt 330 between the two belt pulleys 320;
And the measuring mechanism 600 is used for measuring roundness profile error data of the long-axis workpiece.
Specifically, the roundness profile error data is the position of each point on the circumferential side surface of the long-axis workpiece, which is located at the same vertical position.
As shown in fig. 6, more specifically, the implementation manner of adjusting the opening angle of the two side plates may be that one end of the two side plates, which is close to each other, is respectively provided with a connection portion, the two connection portions are fixedly connected through a screw and a nut, the screw and the nut are turned when the opening angle of the two side plates needs to be adjusted, and the screw and the nut are removed to release the fixed relationship between the two connection portions so that the opening angle of the two side plates can be adjusted.
More specifically, the fixing groove 100 may have a V-shape or a U-shape, etc., and the number thereof may be one or more. In the present embodiment, the fixing groove 100 is V-shaped in shape, the long-axis type workpiece is pressed by the fixing spring 200 against the two side plates of the fixing groove 100, the fixing spring 200 and the fixing groove 100 fix the horizontal position of the long-axis type workpiece through their three contact points with the long-axis type workpiece, and in the present embodiment, the number of the fixing grooves 100 is two, the two fixing grooves 100 are vertically arranged, and the height of the fixing spring 200 is the same as the midpoint of the height of the two fixing grooves 100.
In a more preferred embodiment, the measuring apparatus further includes a housing fixedly provided at one side of the base 400, and the fixing groove 100 and the rotation mechanism 300 are fixedly installed at the housing.
More specifically, the lifting driving mechanism may be a conventional structure capable of lifting the base 400, such as a lifting slider mounted on a side of the base 400, a bracket provided on a side of the base 400 and slidably connected to the lifting slider, and a motor connected to the lifting slider, and in this embodiment, the base 400 is fixed to the lifting driving mechanism, so that the base 400 and the rotating mechanism 300 cooperate to clamp the long-axis workpiece when the long-axis workpiece rotates, but the base 400 does not rotate.
In addition, the measuring mechanism 600 is used for measuring roundness profile error data of the long-axis workpiece, and may be a roundness measuring instrument or an interferometer, and the measuring mechanism 600 in this embodiment is an unobscured interferometer, and can be matched with the fixed spring 200, the fixed slot 100 and the rotating mechanism 300 to measure the long-axis workpiece in complex environments such as workshops and factory buildings. More specifically, the present embodiment can change the opening angle of the two side plates of the fixing groove 100 to change and fix the horizontal position of the long-axis workpiece on the basis of the elastic supporting force of the fixing spring 200 without changing the horizontal position of the fixing spring 200 and the horizontal position of the rotating mechanism 300, so that the axis of the long-axis workpiece is aligned with the center of the rotating mechanism 300, and thus the present application can measure long-axis workpieces with different radii on the premise of not changing the position of the rotating mechanism 300, and can avoid introducing new system errors caused by frequent changes of the position of the rotating mechanism 300.
More specifically, in this embodiment, the base 400 is driven by the lifting driving mechanism to lift and lower the rotating mechanism 300 to clamp long-axis workpieces with different heights in cooperation with the base 400 without changing the height of the rotating mechanism 300, so that a new system error caused by frequent changes of the height of the rotating mechanism 300 can be avoided.
More specifically, when the measuring mechanism 600 works, the fixing spring 200 presses the long-axis workpiece in the fixing groove 100 to fix the horizontal position of the long-axis workpiece, the lifting driving mechanism drives the base 400 to lift so that the rotating mechanism 300 and the base 400 cooperate to clamp the long-axis workpiece to fix the height of the long-axis workpiece, and the rotating driving mechanism 500 is connected with the shifting fork 340 to drive the shifting fork 340 to rotate, so that the first rotating component is rotated to drive the long-axis workpiece to rotate, and the measuring mechanism 600 measures roundness profile error data of the surface of the long-axis workpiece in the process of rotating the long-axis workpiece.
The measuring device provided by the application is provided with the rotating mechanism 300 comprising the rotating part 310, the belt pulley 320, the belt 330 and the shifting fork 340, and can enable the rotating mechanism 300 to be matched with the base 400 to clamp and rotate the long-shaft workpiece when rotating, and enable the long-shaft workpiece not to receive radial force or eccentric force, so that the long-shaft workpiece is prevented from deforming or deviating from the original position, and roundness profile error data of the surface of the long-shaft workpiece can be accurately measured.
In some preferred embodiments, the base plate of the base 400 is an air bearing plate.
In this embodiment, the measuring apparatus of the present application uses the air bearing plate to air-bearing the long-axis workpiece, and can realize the contactless support of the base 400 to the long-axis workpiece, thereby avoiding the long-axis workpiece from deviating from the original position due to the friction force.
As shown in fig. 7, in a third aspect, the present application provides an installation method applied to a measurement device, the measurement device including:
the fixing groove 100 is provided with two side plates which are arranged in parallel and have adjustable opening angles;
a fixing spring 200 opposite to the notch of the fixing groove 100 and disposed at a side of the fixing groove 100;
a rotation mechanism 300 disposed between the fixing groove 100 and the fixing spring 200;
a base 400, disposed below the rotation mechanism 300, for clamping the long-axis workpiece in cooperation with the rotation mechanism 300 in a measurement state;
a rotation driving mechanism 500 for driving the rotation mechanism 300 to rotate;
the lifting driving mechanism is connected with the base 400 and is used for driving the base 400 to lift;
the rotating mechanism 300 includes a first rotating assembly for mounting the long-axis workpiece and a second rotating assembly for rotating the first rotating assembly;
The first rotating assembly comprises a rotating part 310, two pulleys 320 rotatably installed on the rotating part 310 and arranged in parallel, and a belt 330 sleeved on the two pulleys 320;
the second rotating assembly comprises a shifting fork 340 arranged above the first rotating assembly, and two fork feet of the shifting fork 340 respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of two belt sections of the belt 330 between the two belt pulleys 320;
a measuring mechanism 600 for measuring roundness profile error data of the long-axis workpiece;
the installation method comprises the following steps:
A1. the long shaft workpiece is placed among the base 400, the rotating mechanism 300, the fixed groove 100 and the fixed spring 200;
A2. the opening angle of the two side plates is adjusted so that the long-shaft workpiece is attached to the fastening fixing groove 100 and the fixing spring 200 and the axis of the long-shaft workpiece is aligned with the center of the rotating mechanism 300;
A3. the lifting driving mechanism is controlled to drive the base 400 to lift so that the base 400 and the rotating mechanism 300 are matched to clamp long-shaft workpieces;
A4. the measuring mechanism 600 is arranged on the side surface of the long-axis workpiece;
A5. the rotation driving mechanism 500 is connected to the turning mechanism 300.
Wherein A4 and A5 may follow A3 in any order or simultaneously.
Preferably, in order to enable the long-axis workpiece to be smoothly placed between the base 400 and the rotating mechanism 300, A1 further includes: before the long-axis workpiece is placed between the base 400, the rotating mechanism 300, the fixing groove 100 and the fixing spring 200, the elevation driving mechanism is controlled to drive the base 400 to be lowered so that the distance between the base 400 and the rotating mechanism 300 is greater than the height of the long-axis workpiece.
According to the installation method, the long-axis workpiece is pressed by the fixing spring 200 and the fixing groove 100 to fix the horizontal position of the long-axis workpiece, the axis of the long-axis workpiece is aligned with the center of the rotating mechanism 300 by adjusting the opening angles of the two side plates, the rotating mechanism 300 and the base 400 are driven to be lifted by the lifting driving mechanism to clamp the long-axis workpiece in a matched mode, the position of the long-axis workpiece is fixed in the working process of the measuring device, the long-axis workpiece can be rotated around the axis of the long-axis workpiece, and therefore accuracy of measuring roundness profile error data can be improved.
As shown in fig. 8, in a fourth aspect, the present application provides a data measurement method for measuring roundness profile error data, applied to a measurement apparatus, the measurement apparatus including:
the fixing groove 100 is provided with two side plates which are arranged in parallel and have adjustable opening angles;
a fixing spring 200 opposite to the notch of the fixing groove 100 and disposed at a side of the fixing groove 100;
a rotation mechanism 300 disposed between the fixing groove 100 and the fixing spring 200;
a base 400, disposed below the rotation mechanism 300, for clamping the long-axis workpiece in cooperation with the rotation mechanism 300 in a measurement state;
A rotation driving mechanism 500 for driving the rotation mechanism 300 to rotate;
the lifting driving mechanism is connected with the base 400 and is used for driving the base 400 to lift;
the rotating mechanism 300 includes a first rotating assembly for mounting the long-axis workpiece and a second rotating assembly for rotating the first rotating assembly;
the first rotating assembly comprises a rotating part 310, two pulleys 320 rotatably installed on the rotating part 310 and arranged in parallel, and a belt 330 sleeved on the two pulleys 320;
the second rotating assembly comprises a shifting fork 340 arranged above the first transmission assembly, and two fork feet of the shifting fork 340 respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of two belt sections of the belt 330 between the two belt pulleys 320;
a measuring mechanism 600 for measuring roundness profile error data of the long-axis workpiece;
the data measurement method comprises the following steps:
B1. controlling the rotation driving mechanism 500 to drive the rotation mechanism 300 to rotate so as to rotate the long-shaft workpiece;
B2. during rotation of the long-axis workpiece, the measurement mechanism 600 is controlled to measure roundness profile error data.
Specifically, the method for measuring the roundness profile error data by the measuring mechanism 600 may be a roundness profile error data measuring method of the related art, in which the height of the measuring mechanism 600 is adjusted to a preset height before the rotation driving mechanism 500 is controlled to drive the rotation mechanism 300 to rotate the long-axis workpiece.
More specifically, in the present embodiment, the process of controlling the rotation driving mechanism 500 to drive the rotation mechanism 300 to rotate the long-axis type workpiece includes: the rotation driving mechanism 500 is controlled to stop driving the rotation mechanism 300 to rotate to stop rotating the long-axis workpiece every time the long-axis workpiece rotates by a preset angle, and the rotation driving mechanism 500 is controlled to drive the rotation mechanism 300 to rotate again to rotate the long-axis workpiece after a preset time until the long-axis workpiece rotates once.
More specifically, in the present embodiment, the process of controlling the measuring mechanism 600 to measure the roundness profile error data during rotation of the long-axis type workpiece includes: the measurement mechanism 600 is used to measure and acquire a roundness profile error data during the stop of the rotation of the long-axis workpiece to acquire a set of roundness profile error data during one rotation of the long-axis workpiece. The set of roundness profile error data can represent positions of points on the circumferential side surface of the long-axis workpiece, wherein the points are located at a preset height.
More specifically, the rotation of the rotation mechanism 300 may be controlled by controlling the rotation driving mechanism 500 to drive the rotation mechanism 300 to rotate, or by manually rotating the rotation mechanism 300. In a more preferred embodiment, the preset angle is 15 degrees.
According to the data measurement method, the measurement mechanism 600 is controlled to measure the roundness profile error data in the rotation process of the long-axis workpiece, so that a basis can be provided for analysis and calculation of the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece, and the long-axis workpiece only rotates without displacement in the rotation process of the long-axis workpiece, so that the accuracy of measuring the roundness profile error data can be improved.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a data processing method, the data processing method including:
and processing the roundness profile error data obtained by the measurement of the data measurement method by using a minimum area method to obtain the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece.
Specifically, the specific procedure for processing the roundness profile error data obtained by measuring using the data measurement method as described above using the minimum area method is: and reducing the circumferential side profile of the long-axis workpiece at a preset height by measuring the obtained set of roundness profile error data, making an outer circle which is completely positioned outside the profile and has an intersection point with the profile and an inner circle which is completely positioned inside the profile and has an intersection point with the profile, making a difference between the radius of the outer circle and the radius of the inner circle, and taking the minimum radius difference as the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece. The implementation manner of restoring the circumferential side profile of the long-axis workpiece at the preset height may be to connect two adjacent points, and use the obtained closed graph as the circumferential side profile of the long-axis workpiece at the preset height, or may be other implementation manner, in this embodiment, the implementation manner of restoring the circumferential side profile of the long-axis workpiece at the preset height is to use Matlab to draw the closed graph based on the roundness profile error data, and use the drawn closed graph as the circumferential side profile of the long-axis workpiece at the preset height. The data processing method provided by the application uses the minimum area method to process the roundness profile error data obtained by measurement, so that the roundness error of the obtained long-axis workpiece is more accurate.
In some preferred embodiments, the processing of the roundness profile error data obtained by measurement using the minimum area method, the process of obtaining roundness error of the long-axis workpiece includes:
and processing the multiple groups of roundness profile error data obtained through measurement by using a minimum area method to obtain multiple groups of roundness error data, and obtaining the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece according to the average value of the multiple groups of roundness error data.
Preferably, the rotation driving mechanism 500 is controlled to drive the rotation mechanism 300 to rotate so as to rotate the long-axis workpiece, the long-axis workpiece is rotated for a plurality of circles, the measuring mechanism 600 is controlled to measure and acquire a plurality of groups of roundness profile error data, the manual rotation driving mechanism 300 is controlled to rotate the long-axis workpiece for a plurality of circles, the measuring mechanism 600 is controlled to measure and acquire a plurality of groups of roundness profile error data, each group of roundness profile error data is processed by using a minimum area method so as to acquire a plurality of groups of roundness error data, and an average value of the roundness error data corresponding to a driving mode of the rotation driving mechanism 500 is compared with an average value of the roundness error data corresponding to a manual rotation mode, and the smaller one is taken as the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece.
In this embodiment, the data processing method of the present application uses the average value of the plurality of sets of roundness error data as the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece, and can reduce the influence of the small stroke error of the roundness profile error data on the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece, so that the obtained roundness error of the long-axis workpiece is more accurate.
In some preferred embodiments, the data processing method further comprises:
before a minimum area method is used for processing a plurality of groups of roundness profile error data obtained through measurement to obtain a plurality of groups of roundness error data, a t-test method is used for processing the plurality of groups of roundness profile error data obtained through measurement to remove roundness profile error data with systematic errors.
Specifically, the t-test method is to compare the variance and the expected value of multiple sets of data, and reject a set of data if the variance or the expected value of the data of the certain set exceeds a certain threshold. In this embodiment, a variance preset threshold value and an expected preset threshold value are obtained in advance before the roundness profile error data are processed, after a plurality of sets of roundness profile error data are obtained by measurement, the variance and the expected value of each set of roundness profile error data are calculated, and if the variance or the expected difference value of one set of roundness profile error data and the variance or the expected value of other sets of data exceeds the variance preset threshold value or the expected preset threshold value, the set of roundness profile error data is removed from the plurality of sets of roundness profile error data.
In the embodiment, the data processing method of the application uses the t-test method to process a plurality of groups of roundness profile error data obtained by measurement, and can remove roundness profile error data with systematic errors, so that the roundness errors of the obtained long-axis workpieces are more accurate.
From the above, the present application provides a rotating mechanism, a measuring device, an installation method, and a data measuring and processing method, where the rotating mechanism provided in the present application is provided with a rotating portion 310, a belt pulley 320, a belt 330 and a fork 340, and can rotate a long-axis workpiece when rotating, and make the long-axis workpiece not receive radial force or eccentric force, so as to avoid deformation or deviation of the long-axis workpiece from an original position, and thus accurately measure roundness profile error data of the surface of the long-axis workpiece.
In the embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
The above is only an example of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A rotating mechanism for rotating a long-axis workpiece, characterized in that the rotating mechanism (300) comprises a first rotating assembly for mounting the long-axis workpiece and a second rotating assembly for rotating the first rotating assembly;
the first rotating assembly comprises a rotating part (310), two belt pulleys (320) rotatably installed on the rotating part (310) and arranged in parallel, and a belt (330) sleeved on the two belt pulleys (320);
the second rotating assembly comprises a shifting fork (340) arranged above the first rotating assembly, and two fork feet of the shifting fork (340) respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of two belt sections of the belt (330) between the two belt pulleys (320).
2. A rotating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulley (320) is a toothed pulley and the belt (330) is a toothed belt, the tooth profile of which matches the tooth profile of the toothed pulley.
3. A rotary mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the two forces applied by the two prongs to the belt (330) are a pair of couples.
4. A measuring apparatus for measuring roundness profile error data of a long-axis workpiece, comprising:
the fixing groove (100) is provided with two side plates which are arranged in parallel and have adjustable opening angles;
a fixed spring (200) which is arranged on the side surface of the fixed groove (100) and is opposite to the notch of the fixed groove (100);
a rotation mechanism (300) provided between the fixing groove (100) and the fixing spring (200);
the base (400) is arranged below the rotating mechanism (300) and is used for clamping the long-shaft workpiece in a matching manner with the rotating mechanism (300) in a measuring state;
a rotation driving mechanism (500) for driving the rotation mechanism (300) to rotate;
the lifting driving mechanism is connected with the base (400) and is used for driving the base (400) to lift;
the rotating mechanism (300) comprises a first rotating assembly for mounting the long-shaft workpiece and a second rotating assembly for rotating the first rotating assembly;
the first rotating assembly comprises a rotating part (310), two belt pulleys (320) rotatably installed on the rotating part (310) and arranged in parallel, and a belt (330) sleeved on the two belt pulleys (320);
The second rotating assembly comprises a shifting fork (340) arranged above the first rotating assembly, and two fork feet of the shifting fork (340) respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of two belt sections of the belt (330) between the two belt pulleys (320);
and the measuring mechanism (600) is used for measuring roundness profile error data of the long-axis workpiece.
5. A measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that the base plate of the base (400) is an air bearing plate.
6. A method of installation for a measuring device, the measuring device comprising:
the fixing groove (100) is provided with two side plates which are arranged in parallel and have adjustable opening angles;
a fixed spring (200) which is arranged on the side surface of the fixed groove (100) and is opposite to the notch of the fixed groove (100);
a rotation mechanism (300) provided between the fixing groove (100) and the fixing spring (200);
the base (400) is arranged below the rotating mechanism (300) and is used for clamping long-shaft workpieces in a matching manner with the rotating mechanism (300) in a measuring state;
a rotation driving mechanism (500) for driving the rotation mechanism (300) to rotate;
The lifting driving mechanism is connected with the base (400) and is used for driving the base (400) to lift;
the rotating mechanism (300) comprises a first rotating assembly for mounting the long-shaft workpiece and a second rotating assembly for rotating the first rotating assembly;
the first rotating assembly comprises a rotating part (310), two belt pulleys (320) rotatably installed on the rotating part (310) and arranged in parallel, and a belt (330) sleeved on the two belt pulleys (320);
the second rotating assembly comprises a shifting fork (340) arranged above the first rotating assembly, and two fork feet of the shifting fork (340) respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of two belt sections of the belt (330) between the two belt pulleys (320);
a measuring mechanism (600) for measuring roundness profile error data of the long-axis workpiece;
the installation method comprises the following steps:
placing the long-axis workpiece between the base (400), the rotating mechanism (300), the fixed groove (100) and the fixed spring (200); adjusting the opening angle of the two side plates so as to enable the long-shaft workpiece to be tightly attached to the fixed groove (100) and the fixed spring (200) and enable the axis of the long-shaft workpiece to be aligned with the center of the rotating mechanism (300);
Controlling the lifting driving mechanism to drive the base (400) to lift so as to enable the base (400) and the rotating mechanism (300) to clamp the long-shaft workpiece in a matching way;
disposing the measuring mechanism (600) on the side surface of the long-axis workpiece;
the rotation driving mechanism (500) is connected to the turning mechanism (300).
7. A data measurement method for measuring roundness profile error data, applied to a measurement apparatus, characterized in that the measurement apparatus comprises:
the fixing groove (100) is provided with two side plates which are arranged in parallel and have adjustable opening angles;
a fixed spring (200) which is arranged on the side surface of the fixed groove (100) and is opposite to the notch of the fixed groove (100);
a rotation mechanism (300) provided between the fixing groove (100) and the fixing spring (200);
the base (400) is arranged below the rotating mechanism (300) and is used for clamping long-shaft workpieces in a matching manner with the rotating mechanism (300) in a measuring state;
a rotation driving mechanism (500) for driving the rotation mechanism (300) to rotate;
the lifting driving mechanism is connected with the base (400) and is used for driving the base (400) to lift;
The rotating mechanism (300) comprises a first rotating assembly for mounting the long-shaft workpiece and a second rotating assembly for rotating the first rotating assembly;
the first rotating assembly comprises a rotating part (310), two belt pulleys (320) rotatably installed on the rotating part (310) and arranged in parallel, and a belt (330) sleeved on the two belt pulleys (320);
the second rotating assembly comprises a shifting fork (340) arranged above the first rotating assembly, and two fork feet of the shifting fork (340) respectively abut against the outer side surfaces of two belt sections of the belt (330) between the two belt pulleys (320);
a measuring mechanism (600) for measuring roundness profile error data of the long-axis workpiece;
the data measurement method comprises the following steps:
controlling the rotation driving mechanism (500) to drive the rotating mechanism (300) to rotate so as to rotate the long-shaft workpiece;
and controlling the measuring mechanism (600) to measure roundness profile error data in the process of rotating the long-axis workpiece.
8. A data processing method, characterized in that the data processing method comprises:
the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece is obtained by processing roundness profile error data obtained by measurement using the data measurement method according to claim 7 by using the minimum area method.
9. The data processing method according to claim 8, wherein the processing of the roundness profile error data obtained by measurement using the data measurement method according to claim 7 using the minimum area method, the process of obtaining the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece includes:
and processing the multiple groups of roundness profile error data obtained through measurement by using a minimum area method to obtain multiple groups of roundness error data, and obtaining the roundness error of the long-axis workpiece according to the average value of the multiple groups of roundness error data.
10. A data processing method according to claim 9, wherein the data processing method further comprises:
before a minimum area method is used for processing a plurality of groups of roundness profile error data obtained through measurement to obtain a plurality of groups of roundness error data, a t-test method is used for processing the plurality of groups of roundness profile error data obtained through measurement to remove roundness profile error data with systematic errors.
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