CN117308764A - Sheet type surface strain gauge - Google Patents
Sheet type surface strain gauge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117308764A CN117308764A CN202311286729.5A CN202311286729A CN117308764A CN 117308764 A CN117308764 A CN 117308764A CN 202311286729 A CN202311286729 A CN 202311286729A CN 117308764 A CN117308764 A CN 117308764A
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- strain
- area
- spot welding
- strain gauge
- gauge
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a sheet type surface strain gauge, which comprises a strain body and a full-bridge strain gauge, wherein the strain body is provided with a substrate, a strain measurement area is formed in the middle of the substrate, the thickness of the strain measurement area is thinner than that of the substrate adjacent to the strain measurement area, and the strain measurement surface of the strain measurement area is lower than that of the substrate adjacent to the strain measurement area; the full-bridge strain gauge is arranged at the strain measurement surface, the axial rigidity of the strain measurement area is smaller than that of the extension area positioned at the outer side of the full-bridge strain gauge, and the deformation transmitted into the two ends of the strain body is concentrated on the strain measurement area, so that the strain quantity is increased. The adjacent part of the strain measurement area is provided with a strain balance ring which is used for adjusting the proportion of the axial strain component to the transverse strain component in the strain measurement area. The deformation of the sheet type surface strain gauge is concentrated in the strain measuring area, so that the convergence multiplication of the strain quantity is realized, and the sensitivity of strain measurement is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface strain gauges, in particular to a sheet type surface strain gauge.
Background
A surface strain gauge is a sensor for measuring the surface strain of an object. The surface strain gauge is used for evaluating the mechanical property of materials, the deformation behavior of structures and the analysis of strain distribution, and is widely applied in the fields of engineering and scientific research. Strain measurement is mainly carried out in two ways: electrical measurement and optical measurement. The optical measurement method is mainly used for engineering and comprises a grating fiber strain sensor. The electrical measurement method mainly comprises various resistance strain gauges, and a series of strain sensors are derived from the resistance strain gauges.
Conventional resistive strain gauges include resistive strain gauges and resistive surface strain gauges. In the case of short-term strain detection, it is generally considered to apply resistive strain gages directly to the surface of the structure for measurement. The direct-adhesion resistance strain gauge has low cost, but has obvious defects including multiple site construction procedures, high construction complexity, incapability of being installed in a low-temperature and high-humidity environment and the like. The direct use of resistive strain gages is generally considered only when the number of measurement points is small.
The resistance type surface strain gauge is a strain measurement sensor with a resistance strain gauge attached. The internal metal elastic base material adopts a certain strain sensitive configuration such as a circular ring configuration, the resistance strain gauge is stuck on the sensitive points of the circular ring configuration, and 4 sensitive points are generally taken to form a full-bridge measuring circuit. The conventional surface strain gauge has larger geometric dimension due to the configuration design of an internal base material, and is not suitable for measuring small-size steel structures; the internal substrate configuration of the strain gauge is traditional, and the strain measurement sensitivity is low; strain gauges typically have only bolt mounting holes and are mounted in cooperation with mounting blocks, which is not suitable for mass quick installation.
Another electrical measurement strain sensor that is widely used in engineering is a vibrating wire strain gauge. The vibrating wire strain gauge is a strain measuring device based on the vibrating wire principle. It uses vibration or resonance phenomena that occur when an elongated string, such as a wire, is subjected to a force to measure strain. The vibrating wire strain gauge has the characteristics of high sensitivity and larger measurement range, but the vibrating wire strain gauge has poor dynamic performance, can only be used for static strain measurement, and the measurement result is easily influenced by external temperature; in addition, the appearance size of the vibrating wire strain gauge is often larger than that of the resistance strain gauge, and the vibration wire strain gauge has certain limitation in installation and use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: a sheet-type surface strain gauge is provided, which realizes an increase in strain quantity and improves the sensitivity of strain measurement.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a sheet-type surface strain gauge comprising a strain body, a full-bridge strain gauge, the strain body having a base body with a strain measurement region formed in the middle thereof, the strain measurement region having a thickness thinner than the thickness of the base body adjacent thereto, the strain measurement region having a surface with a strain measurement plane lower than the surface of the base body adjacent thereto; the full-bridge strain gauge is arranged at the strain measurement surface, the axial rigidity of the strain measurement area is smaller than that of the extension area positioned at the outer side of the full-bridge strain gauge, and the deformation transmitted into the two ends of the strain body is concentrated on the strain measurement area, so that the strain quantity is increased.
Preferably, the strain measurement area is elliptical, its length dimension is greater than its width dimension, and its length direction is consistent with the length direction of the substrate.
Preferably, a left spot welding area and a right spot welding area are formed at two ends of the strain body, and spot welding connection is formed between the left spot welding area and the right spot welding area and a structure to be measured; the thicknesses of the left spot welding area and the right spot welding area are smaller than the thicknesses of the substrates adjacent to the left spot welding area and the right spot welding area respectively, and the thicknesses of the left spot welding area and the right spot welding area are larger than the thicknesses of the strain measuring areas.
Preferably, the left spot welding area comprises a left upper area, a left connecting area and a left lower area, wherein part of the left upper area is connected with part of the left lower area through the left connecting area;
the right spot welding surface comprises a right upper region, a right connecting region and a right lower region, wherein part of the right upper region is connected with part of the right lower region through the right connecting region.
Preferably, a strain balance ring is formed at the adjacent part of the strain measurement area, the thickness of the strain balance ring is larger than that of the strain measurement area, the strain balance ring is used for adjusting the proportion of an axial strain component to a transverse strain component in the strain measurement area, and the axial rigidity of the strain balance ring is smaller than that of an extension area positioned outside the strain balance ring.
Preferably, the strain balancing ring has an elliptical configuration such that the strain measurement region produces a strain distribution having an axial strain component that is approximately equal to a transverse strain component.
Preferably, through grooves are formed in the upper side and the lower side of the strain balance ring in the extension area, and the strain balance ring and the extension area form left and right connection parts in the length direction.
Preferably, the through groove is provided with a support column for connecting the edge of the extension area in the length direction with the edge of the strain balance ring, and the thickness of the support column is smaller than that of the strain balance ring.
Preferably, the extension area is provided with left and right bolt mounting holes which are arranged in a left-right manner.
Preferably, the full-bridge strain gauge outputs a strain voltage signal outwards, the substrate is made of aluminum or steel, and the strain measurement area is formed by milling a thin sheet area on the substrate.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the strain measurement area and the strain balance ring are core structural designs of the sheet type surface strain gauge, and the deformation of the sheet type surface strain gauge is concentrated in the strain measurement area, so that the convergence multiplication of the strain quantity is realized, and the sensitivity of the strain measurement is improved. The strain balancing ring structure of the sheet-type surface strain gauge of the present invention enables the strain measurement region to generate a strain distribution having an axial strain component substantially equal to a transverse strain component. The surface strain gauge adopts a sheet type design, can be mounted close to the surface of a structure to be measured, accurately senses the surface strain value of the structure, and reduces measurement deviation caused by geometric scale factors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a strain gauge of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of the strain gage of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a rear perspective view of the strain gage of the present invention;
wherein: 1. a base; 2. a strain measurement region; 3. extending the area; 4. a left spot welding area; 5. a right spot welding area; 6. a strain balance ring; 7. a through groove; 801. a left bolt mounting hole; 802. a right bolt mounting hole; 9. full-bridge strain gage, 10, support column.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and a preferred embodiment. The drawings are simplified schematic representations which merely illustrate the basic structure of the invention and therefore show only the structures which are relevant to the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a sheet-type surface strain gauge comprises a strain body, a full-bridge strain gauge 9, wherein the strain body is provided with a substrate 1, a strain measurement area 2 is formed in the middle of the substrate 1, the thickness of the strain measurement area 2 is thinner than the thickness of the substrate 1 adjacent to the strain measurement area 2, and the strain measurement surface of the strain measurement area 2 is lower than the surface of the substrate 1 adjacent to the strain measurement area; the full-bridge strain gauge 9 is arranged at the strain measurement surface, the axial rigidity of the strain measurement area 2 is smaller than that of the extension area 3 positioned at the outer side of the full-bridge strain gauge, and the deformation transmitted into the two ends of the strain body is concentrated on the strain measurement area 2, so that the strain quantity is increased.
Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, the strain measurement area 2 is oval, and its length dimension is greater than its width dimension, and its length direction is consistent with the length direction of the substrate 1.
In particular, in an alternative embodiment, the full-bridge strain gauge 9 outputs a strain voltage signal outwards, the substrate 1 is made of aluminum or steel, and the strain measurement region 2 is formed by milling a sheet region on the substrate 1.
The strain measurement area 2 is a core structural design of the sheet type surface strain gauge, and the deformation of the sheet type surface strain gauge is concentrated in the strain measurement area 2, so that the convergence multiplication of the strain quantity is realized, and the sensitivity of the strain measurement is improved. The surface strain gauge adopts a sheet type design, can be mounted close to the surface of a structure to be measured, accurately senses the surface strain value of the structure, and reduces measurement deviation caused by geometric scale factors; only one full-bridge strain gauge 9 is needed to be installed in the surface strain gauge, the full-bridge strain gauge 9 is a foil type strain gauge, four groups of strain measurement sensitive grids which are perpendicular to each other are arranged, and four node leads led out from the four groups of strain measurement sensitive grids can form a Wheatstone measurement bridge to realize the measurement of strain. The surface strain gauge adopts the sheet design, the mounting mode is flexible, and the strain gauge can be glued, welded, bolted and spot welded.
Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, a left spot welding area 4 and a right spot welding area 5 are formed at two ends of the strain body, and spot welding connection is formed between the left spot welding area 4 and the right spot welding area 5 and a structure to be measured; the thicknesses of the left and right spot welding areas 4, 5 are smaller than the thicknesses of the substrates 1 adjacent to each other, and the thicknesses of the left and right spot welding areas 4, 5 are larger than the thicknesses of the strain measuring areas 2.
Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, the left spot welding area 4 includes a left upper area, a left connecting area, and a left lower area, where a part of the left upper area is connected to a part of the left lower area through the left connecting area;
the right spot welding surface comprises a right upper region, a right connecting region and a right lower region, wherein part of the right upper region is connected with part of the right lower region through the right connecting region. The structural form that the upper and lower extending parts of the left spot welding area 4 and the right spot welding area 5 wrap the extension area 3 is formed, the contact area between the left spot welding area 4 and the right spot welding area 5 and the extension area 3 is enlarged, and the deformation of the left spot welding area 4 and the right spot welding area 5 is better transferred to the extension area 3 and then transferred to the strain measurement area 2 positioned in the middle of the extension area 3.
Through the left and right spot welding areas 5, outdoor rapid spot welding installation can be realized when the spot welding device is applied to the surface of a metal structure. The left and right spot welds 5 are designed for outdoor spot quick spot welds. The left and right spot welding areas 5 are thinner than the thickness of the base 1 but thicker than the strain gauge area 2 so that the sheet type surface strain gauge can be quickly mounted and fastened to the surface of the metal structure using a lithium battery welder outdoors.
In particular, in an alternative embodiment, a strain balance ring 6 is formed at the adjacent part of the strain measurement area 2, the thickness of the strain balance ring 6 is larger than that of the strain measurement area 2, the strain balance ring 6 is used for adjusting the ratio of the axial strain component to the transverse strain component in the strain measurement area 2, and the axial rigidity of the strain balance ring 6 is smaller than that of the extension area 3 positioned outside the strain balance ring. The surface strain gauge adopts a novel topological configuration, and adopts an elliptical strain balance ring 6 and strain measurement area 2 combination mode, so that the maximum sensitivity of the strain gauge under the same gauge length parameter is realized.
Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, the strain balance ring 6 has an oval structure, so that the strain measurement area 2 generates a strain distribution with an axial strain component substantially equal to a lateral strain component. The strain balancing ring 6 is of an elliptical design and serves to adjust the strain distribution, i.e. the ratio of the magnitudes of the axial and transverse strain components in the strain measurement region 2. The strain balance ring 6 with the elliptical structural design can be adjusted to ensure that the strain distribution in the strain measurement area 2 is relatively uniform, and the axial strain component and the transverse strain component are approximately equal, so that the resistance variation of each bridge arm of the full-bridge strain gauge 9 is balanced, and the measurement gain of the bridge is improved.
Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, preferably, through grooves 7 are formed on the upper and lower sides of the extension area 3 in the strain balance ring 6, and the strain balance ring 6 and the extension area 3 form left and right connection parts in the length direction. Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, the support columns 10 are disposed at the through grooves 7 to connect the edges of the extension area 3 in the length direction with the edges of the strain balance ring 6, and the thickness of the support columns 10 is smaller than that of the strain balance ring 6. The transverse rigidity and stability of the sheet-type surface strain gauge can be improved by arranging the support column 10 in the through groove 7, the accidental transverse deformation of the strain gauge in the transportation, transferring and installing processes is reduced, and the integrity and the geometric stability of the strain gauge are improved.
Specifically, in an alternative embodiment, the extension area 3 is provided with left and right bolt mounting holes 801 and 802 which are arranged in left and right columns. The left and right bolt mounting holes 810, 802 are through holes reserved for mounting the sheet-type surface strain gauge on the structure by using a bolt mounting manner.
Assuming that the sheet type surface strain gauge of the present invention is mounted on the surface of a structure by spot welding, the logical process of the sheet type surface strain gauge sensing the strain of the structure is as follows: the structural object is deformed to a certain extent due to the change of the stress state; the deformation of the structural object is transmitted into the strain measuring area 2 of the strain gauge from the spot welding areas at the left end and the right end of the strain gauge; because the axial rigidity of the strain balance ring 6 and the strain measurement area 2 is smaller than that of other areas of the strain gauge body, such as the extension area 3, the deformation of the incoming strain gauge is concentrated on the strain balance ring 6 and the strain measurement area 2, and the strain amount generated by the deformation on the strain measurement area 2 is much larger than that of the corresponding position of the structure; since the stiffness of the strain balancing ring 6 is greater than the stiffness of the strain measurement region 2, the deformation on the strain measurement region 2 will be constrained and regulated by the strain balancing ring 6; due to the particular elliptical configuration of the strain balancing ring 6, a relatively uniform strain distribution will be produced on the final strain measurement zone 2 with approximately equal axial and lateral strain components; the strain generated in the strain gauge region 2 is sensed by the full-bridge strain gauge 9 and a strain voltage signal is output to an external acquisition instrument by the wheatstone measuring bridge of the full-bridge strain gauge 9. The acquisition instrument acquires the strain voltage signal, and reads the strain value of the strain gauge, namely the strain value of the corresponding position of the structure according to conversion.
The sheet design of the sheet surface strain gauge of the invention can be mounted close to the surface of a structure to the maximum extent and is sensitive to relatively real surface strain of the structure. The measuring range of the sheet type surface strain gauge is + -1000 mu epsilon. The sheet type surface strain gauge is designed with the spot welding area, and for an outdoor steel structure, the portable lithium battery spot welder can be used for realizing quick installation of the strain gauge, so that the strain gauge installation procedure is reduced, and the installation efficiency is improved.
The foregoing description is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the invention, and the invention is not limited to the details shown, since modifications and variations of the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A sheet type surface strain gauge, characterized in that: the strain gauge comprises a strain body and a full-bridge strain gauge (9), wherein the strain body is provided with a substrate (1), a strain measurement area (2) is formed in the middle of the substrate (1), the thickness of the strain measurement area (2) is thinner than that of the substrate (1) adjacent to the strain measurement area, and the strain measurement surface of the strain measurement area (2) is lower than that of the substrate (1) adjacent to the strain measurement area; the full-bridge strain gauge (9) is arranged at the strain measurement surface, the axial rigidity of the strain measurement area (2) is smaller than that of the extension area (3) positioned at the outer side of the full-bridge strain gauge, and the deformation transmitted into the two ends of the strain body is concentrated on the strain measurement area (2) to increase the strain.
2. A sheet type surface strain gauge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the strain measurement area (2) is elliptical, the length dimension of the strain measurement area is larger than the width dimension of the strain measurement area, and the length direction of the strain measurement area is consistent with the length direction of the substrate (1).
3. A sheet type surface strain gauge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a left spot welding area (4) and a right spot welding area (5) are formed at two ends of the strain body, and spot welding connection is formed between the left spot welding area (4) and the right spot welding area (5) and a structure to be measured; the thicknesses of the left spot welding area (4) and the right spot welding area (5) are smaller than the thicknesses of the substrates (1) which are adjacent to each other correspondingly, and the thicknesses of the left spot welding area (4) and the right spot welding area (5) are larger than the thicknesses of the strain measuring areas (2).
4. A sheet type surface strain gauge according to claim 3, wherein: the left spot welding area (4) comprises a left upper area, a left connecting area and a left lower area, wherein part of the left upper area is connected with part of the left lower area through the left connecting area;
the right spot welding area (5) comprises a right upper area, a right connecting area and a right lower area, and a part of the right upper area is connected with a part of the right lower area through the right connecting area.
5. A sheet type surface strain gauge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the strain balance ring (6) is formed at the adjacent part of the strain measurement area (2), the thickness of the strain balance ring (6) is larger than that of the strain measurement area (2), the strain balance ring (6) is used for adjusting the proportion of an axial strain component to a transverse strain component in the strain measurement area (2), and the axial rigidity of the strain balance ring (6) is smaller than that of the extension area (3) positioned outside the strain balance ring.
6. A sheet type surface strain gauge as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the strain balance ring (6) is of an elliptical structure so that the strain measurement region (2) generates a strain distribution with an axial strain component approximately equal to a transverse strain component.
7. A sheet type surface strain gauge as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the extension area (3) is provided with through grooves (7) at the upper side and the lower side of the strain balance ring (6), and the strain balance ring (6) and the extension area (3) form a left connecting part and a right connecting part in the length direction.
8. A sheet type surface strain gauge as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the support column (10) is arranged at the through groove (7) and is connected with the edge of the extension area (3) in the length direction and the edge of the strain balance ring (6), and the thickness of the support column (10) is smaller than that of the strain balance ring (6).
9. A sheet type surface strain gauge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the extension area (3) is provided with left and right bolt mounting holes (801, 802) which are arranged in a left-right manner.
10. A sheet type surface strain gauge as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the full-bridge strain gauge (9) outputs a strain voltage signal outwards, the substrate (1) is made of aluminum or steel, and the strain measurement area (2) is formed by milling a sheet area on the substrate (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311286729.5A CN117308764A (en) | 2023-10-08 | 2023-10-08 | Sheet type surface strain gauge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311286729.5A CN117308764A (en) | 2023-10-08 | 2023-10-08 | Sheet type surface strain gauge |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117308764A true CN117308764A (en) | 2023-12-29 |
Family
ID=89296820
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311286729.5A Pending CN117308764A (en) | 2023-10-08 | 2023-10-08 | Sheet type surface strain gauge |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117308764A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-10-08 CN CN202311286729.5A patent/CN117308764A/en active Pending
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