CN1173071A - Recovery energy type permanent-magnet dynamo-electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A permanent-magnet motor able to recover energy for reuse uses the repellent and attraction between permanent magnets on rotor and stator to output power, and features use of rotor displacement sensor and low-power-loss, high-power switch circuit. The rotor (inductive) iron core is made up of constant-magnetoconductivity, low-magnetoremanence alloy with flat magnetic leg loop, having less energy consumption and high efficiency of recovering energy. The permanent magents on rotor and stator with pile structure can be divided by any integer equal to or greater than 2.

Description

A kind of recuperated energy formula magneto

1, the invention belongs to electromagnetic technology field.

2, the present invention is the mutual suction that utilizes the iron stamen on stator, epitrochanterian permanent magnetism and the inductance coil to form, the repulsion power as machine.

3, the present invention by rotor, stator, move son, rotor displacement transducer, photoelectricity drives the high power transistor switching circuit, energy recycle device and support are formed.Accompanying drawing 2-01 is the structural representation of recuperated energy formula magneto.1,3 is rotor, and 4 for moving son (inductance of being made up of coil iron stamen that can produce magnetic pole be called move son), and 5 is the rotor displacement transducer, and 2 is support, and stator is made up of non-conductive material (as bakelite), permanent magnet.Stator permanent magnet is a hollow cylinder, two sections is a magnetic pole, along circumference five equilibrium (according to machine dimensions size changeable isodisperse), clip a part of permanent magnet along axis direction, the space that stays holds moves son, and stator permanent magnet forms several to N, S magnetic pole with the son that moves that is embedded in the permanent magnet space, two rotors place the both sides of stator respectively, its structure is the folded formula of mill, and the magneticaction face of rotor and stator is the plane, the increase and decrease that can superpose of the number of rotor and stator.Rotor permanent magnetic field direction is vertical with the permanent magnetic field direction of stator, and the number and the home position angle that form behind rotor permanent magnet number, home position angle and the stator permanent magnet cut are corresponding.The magnetic pole of epitrochanterian permanent magnet is arranged in the support that embeds rotor along branches such as circumference in the same way, and the permanent magnet of stator, rotor is on a concentric circles, and the power that the rotor of stator both sides produces is with turning to.Remanent magnetism Yu Qiang machine power Yu of the permanent magnet of stator is big, will produce with required exciting current Yu of the equal magnetic flux density of stator permanent magnet greatly but move son, moves sub-iron stamen material Yu near saturated, and efficient Yu of electromagnetic conversion is low, and loss Yu is big.So the selection of the residual magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet on the stator and sectional area are to move sub-iron stamen material and iron stamen sectional area decides by selected, should satisfy following relation between them: B water=KBr ((1+30%).B _WaterBe the residual magnetic flux density of stator permanent magnet, K is for moving sub-iron stamen sectional area and stator permanent magnet sectional area ratio coefficient, and Br is the residual magnetic flux density of moving in the sub-iron stamen material magnetic hysteresis loop.Move sub-iron stamen for band around rectangle or band around rectangle cutting iron stamen (window is left at rectangle iron stamen center), two rectangle iron stamens are merged, with coil in its window.Move sub-iron stamen use and have permanent permeability in high-intensity magnetic field, the alloy of the low flat magnetic hysteresis loop of remanent magnetism is as 1J ₇₉H (Ni ₇₉Mo ₄Cu) Ni ₇₆Cr ₂Cu ₅The rotor displacement transducer is shown in Fig. 2-02, by 1 rotor displacement dish; Press branch numbers and corresponding such as rotor permanent magnetism with the corresponding hole of fillet degree cutting.2 degree of advance adjusters, 3 displacement sensor brackets, 4 combined photo devices (two phototubes are fixed on the degree of advance adjuster) are formed.

4, operation principle is shown in Fig. 1-01, and 1 is stator, and 2 is rotor, and stator permanent magnet picks up N, S magnetic pole with the son formation number that moves that is contained in the permanent magnet space when no power.Under the effect of rotor, move in the direction of the clock in external force, when rotor centerline a crosses when moving subcenter line b, the S magnetic pole of rotor and the S magnetic pole of stator produce mutual expelling force, and the N magnetic pole of rotor and the S magnetic pole of stator produce suction, and rotor is moved in the direction of the clock.When rotor centerline a and the place ahead move subcenter line b ' near the time, rotor can stop to travel forward because of the interaction of permanent magnetism, rotor is divided into the power field region from the mobile position of b～b ', is called power magnetic field at the active force of this regional rotor and stator permanent magnet.Rotor enter move position out of service, subcenter line b ' back to cross move subcenter line b ' after, rotor is proal initial point under the effect of permanent magnetism, this segment distance is called the resistance field region, in this zone, the relative magnetic field that hinders rotor motion is called resistance magnetic field, when rotor intake resistance field region, move son and feed direct current, produce the polarity identical with the stator permanent magnet magnetic pole; When magnetic flux density was equal, resistance magnetic field was eliminated, and rotor passes through the resistance field region according to its coherence.Disconnect when rotor enters the power field region and move electron current, power magnetic field travels forward rotor, and according to above-mentioned periodic duty, machine just can utilize the outside outputting power of magnetic energy of permanent magnetism.Insert electric energy and reclaim transformer moving the subcoil two ends, when moving the son outage, shrink and produce induced current, lay in capacitor through the transformer recovery and reuse because of moving sub-magnetic field.

5, with how much five equilibriums and corresponding, isodisperse is any integer more than 2 to the permanent magnet on rotor of the present invention, the stator on concentric circles.

6, realize best way of the present invention as shown in Figure 3, J closes a switch during startup ₁, with rotor rotation, J closes a switch after machine rotational speed improves with hand ₂When rotor permanent magnet intake resistance field region, rotor displacement transducer D ₁Drive T ₁T ₂T ₃Open-minded, T ₄Turn-off R ₁R ₂R ₃R ₄R ₅Be resistance flowing resistance, R ₆R ₇Be divider resistance, pulse becomes W ₁Drive T ₇T ₁₁T ₁₂Open-minded, T ₉T ₁₀Open-minded, W ₁Pass through R ₁₀T ₆Make T ₈Turn-off.60 volts of direct currents are through current-limiting resistance R ₂₃, move sub-W ₂, switch T ₁₀The loop is moved son and is produced elimination resistance magnetic field, magnetic field, and rotor passes through the resistance field region according to its inertia, when entering the power field region, and rotor displacement transducer T ₁Turn-off T ₃, T ₂Turn-off T ₄Open-minded, pulse transformer W ₁Pass through R ₈Drive T ₅Open-minded, make T ₁₁, T ₁₂, T ₇Turn-off, simultaneously by diode D ₇Make T ₈Open-minded, power supply E is through R ₁₂D ₁₁D ₁₀And T ₁₀The e utmost point, T ₈Constitute the loop and give T ₁₀Apply Kickback voltage, make T ₉, T ₁₀Turn-off fast, with the sub-W of time shift ₂Discharge electric energy, the one tunnel through recuperated energy transformer W ₃Capacitor C ₂, diode D ₁₂The loop is stored in capacitor C with energy recuperation ₃, C ₄In utilize capacitor C again ₄Voltage power be 60 volts, capacitor C ₃Voltage be 70 volts, D ₁₄, D ₁₅Be rectifier.Two the tunnel through diode D ₁₃, capacitor C ₅, cell circuit, give capacitor C ₅Charging, when permanent magnet enters the power field region, rotor displacement transducer D ₂₀, make T ₁₉Compare T ₁Turn-off at 1-2 degree angle in advance, T ₁₉During shutoff, T ₁₆T ₁₈Turn-off T ₁₇Open-minded, pulse transformer W ₄Through R ₁₅Make T ₁₅Open-minded, make T ₁₃T ₁₄Specific power switch T ₁₀Turn-off in advance, prevent T ₁₀The electric energy that turn-offs the release of time shift is through T ₁₄The loop, R ₁₉, R ₂₀, R ₂₁, R ₂₂, R ₁₈Be current-limiting resistance, R ₁₇R ₁₆Be divider resistance, diode D ₄D ₁₇D ₇Effect be to make to open the signal self-insurance, triode T ₁₅T ₆T ₅Act as the release cut-off signals, make switching time and rotor displacement transducer synchronous, voltage-stabiliser tube D ₂, D ₃, D ₅, D ₆, D ₈, D ₉, D ₁₆, D ₁₈, D ₁₉Its effect is to prevent the field effect transistor over-voltage breakdown canopy utmost point.During the intake resistance field region, the rotor displacement transducer makes T to rotor permanent magnet once more ₁₉Compare T ₁Open-minded in advance, T ₁₆T ₁₈Open-minded, T ₁₇Turn-off pulse transformer W ₄Through two utmost point D ₁₇Drive T ₁₃T ₁₄Open-minded, as switch T ₁₀When opening, capacitor C ₅Through T ₁₈T ₁₄Move sub-W ₂, T10 discharge, finish the process that energy reuses, work as T ₁₂T ₁₁Be higher than C when opening ₄, 10 volts on battery separate power supplies C ₃Instantaneous overdriving is exerted into power switch T ₁₀Base stage, make T ₁₀On state voltage fall less than 0.01 volt, reduce on-state loss effectively.

7, existing anti saturation circuit is worked triode under low saturation condition, reduce turn-off power loss to reach, the defective of this method is that height (Darlington is more than the 1.7-2.5 volt) falls on state voltage, at big electric current, under the situation of big inductive load, on-state loss is the most outstanding.The present invention is the high efficiency recuperated energy emphatically, and bottom line reduces loss, the present invention proposes 3 new effective schemes for this reason: the one, when forming Darlington, should satisfy following relation; Current value when Ic=1/5I collection, Ic are Darlington work, the I collection is the summation of Darlington discrete component collector electrode nominal current, the purpose of this method is that Darlington is worked under little electric current, realizes that for making Darlington the on-state zero pressure drop provides precondition.The 2nd, when opening, use Darlington the separate power supplies (another power supply that not influenced by Darlington ce pole tension) that is higher than ce utmost point working power voltage value to be added in the base stage of Darlington, this instantaneous high-voltage great-current makes Darlington reach the depth capacity saturation conduction, and on state voltage is fallen less than 0.01 volt.The saturated Yu Shen of on-state, the turn-off time, Yu was long, and turn-off power loss Yu is big.In order to reduce turn-off power loss, except that employing applied counter voltage shutoff measure, the present invention taked at the Darlington ce utmost point and connects diode, and big electric capacity absorbs circuit, and capacitance Yu is big, and voltage build-up rate Yu when Darlington turn-offs is little.According to the principle that the electric capacity both end voltage can not be suddenlyd change, large bulk capacitance absorbs circuit turn-offs Darlington under very low voltage, thereby solves because the contradiction that Darlington degree of depth saturation conduction turn-off power loss increases with imitating.The 3rd, in order to raise the efficiency, the present invention also proposes to absorb the circuit energy stored and returns the scheme that reuses.When moving son and discharge electric energy from switch T ₁₄Loop and produce high voltage makes switch T ₁₄The problem that loss increases allows switch T ₁₄Compare T ₁₀Turn-off in advance, solved switch T with imitating ₁₄The turn-off power loss problem.

8, existing synchronous magnetoelectric machine is the time to make the epitrochanterian pawl utmost point produce that magnetic pole repels each other with permanent magnet pole generation on the stator, suction in energising, and the polarity that constantly changes the sense of current conversion pawl utmost point makes motor rotation, whole process all is that electricity is become magnetic, and because the space of the pawl utmost point is very big, the electromagnetic conversion rate is low.And the present invention is when to be rotor permanent magnet enter the power field region, the permanent magnet of stator, rotor with move son form inhale, repulsion makes motor rotation, this process is not power consumption.Move sub-iron core owing to use high magnetic permeability not have vapour crack band around rectangle iron core, electromagnetic conversion rate height, energising is that electricity becomes magnetic with the process of outage, magnetic variation is the transfer process of electricity.The present invention pays attention to the high efficiency recuperated energy.The efficient of existing monopole asynchronous motor is 37%, and brushless direct-current change of current motor peak efficiency is 64.7%, and the present invention does not exist electric energy to be converted to the mechanism of mechanical energy, output can be mutual suction, the repulsion of permanent magnet.According to electromagnetic principle, use best soft magnetic material to move sub-iron core, the efficient of recuperated energy can reach more than 95%.So power consumption of the present invention can be exported very big power at least.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of outside outputting power of suction, repulsion that utilizes stator, epitrochanterian permanent magnet to form overcomes resistance magnetic field with the magnetic pole that moves the son generation, and the motor that recuperated energy reuses is characterized in that:

With how much five equilibriums, isodisperse is any integer more than 2 on concentric circles for a, stator, epitrochanterian permanent magnet.The magnetic pole of epitrochanterian permanent magnet is embedded in the support around five equilibrium on concentric circles in the same way.The permanent magnet pole of stator, rotor is orthogonal.

B, basic type are two rotors of a stator, and its structure is the folded formula of mill, and stator, rotor magnetic acting surface are the cylinder cutting plane.On basic type, can increase stator, rotor number arbitrarily.

C, connect with overdrive high power transistor switch, triode c, the e utmost point of rotor displacement sensing dual detector and voltage-type low-power consumption photoelectricity that large bulk capacitance absorbs, energy is returned and reused circuit.

D, use formula B _Water=KBr (1+30%) determines stator, move son related parameter, makes the machine recuperated energy reach peak efficiency.

E, move sub-iron stamen for band around rectangle and band around rectangle cutting iron stamen, its material uses permanent magnetic permeability, the magnetically soft alloy of the low flat magnetic hysteresis loop of remanent magnetism Br.

2, according to the described circuit of claim (1, c), it is characterized in that: the rotor displacement transducer is two, and to detect its effect be to make to absorb contactor (T ₁₄) before moving son release electric energy, turn-off, reduce switching loss.Drive circuit uses the diode self-insurance to open signal and triode to discharge cut-off signals and guarantee that the time and the rotor displacement transducer of Push And Release of power switch is synchronous.Instantaneous over-voltage and over-current drives, the anti-voltage that applies turn-offs, low on-state voltage drops of circuit composition such as large bulk capacitance absorbs, the use of return energy, the high-power switching circuit that total losses are little.

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