CN117303737A - Low-energy-consumption melting vitrification method for hazardous waste - Google Patents

Low-energy-consumption melting vitrification method for hazardous waste Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN117303737A
CN117303737A CN202210721013.2A CN202210721013A CN117303737A CN 117303737 A CN117303737 A CN 117303737A CN 202210721013 A CN202210721013 A CN 202210721013A CN 117303737 A CN117303737 A CN 117303737A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
hazardous waste
sio
mixture
cao
melting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210721013.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
古佛全
龙於洋
沈东升
吕赛君
王立国
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shaoxing Shangyu Zhonglian Environmental Protection Co ltd
Zhejiang Gongshang University
Original Assignee
Shaoxing Shangyu Zhonglian Environmental Protection Co ltd
Zhejiang Gongshang University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shaoxing Shangyu Zhonglian Environmental Protection Co ltd, Zhejiang Gongshang University filed Critical Shaoxing Shangyu Zhonglian Environmental Protection Co ltd
Priority to CN202210721013.2A priority Critical patent/CN117303737A/en
Publication of CN117303737A publication Critical patent/CN117303737A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C1/00Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
    • C03C1/002Use of waste materials, e.g. slags

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-energy-consumption melting vitrification method for dangerous waste. The invention mixes two or more incineration ash and dangerous waste sludge, and the mixture is dried, melted at high temperature and cooled to obtain the vitreous body. The invention adjusts and controls SiO in the mixture 2 The mass percentage content is 19% -27%, and CaO/SiO 2 =1.34~2.22,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 ) =0.48 to 0.84 to reduce the melting temperature of the system, ensure the formation of glass bodies and improve the solidification effect on harmful components in hazardous waste. The invention fully utilizes the component characteristics of each hazardous waste, has simple process and strong operability, and can realize the synergistic low-cost and high-efficiency treatment of the multi-source hazardous waste.

Description

Low-energy-consumption melting vitrification method for hazardous waste
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-temperature melting harmless method for dangerous wastes, in particular to a low-energy consumption melting vitrification method for dangerous wastes, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection.
Background
At present, the domestic hazardous waste harmless treatment technology mainly comprises cement solidification stabilization treatment, chemical agent treatment and melting vitrification treatment. The cement solidification stabilization treatment mode of the hazardous waste has the advantages of equipment, simple operation and relatively low solidification cost, but the cement solidification treatment has serious capacity increase and poor long-term solidification effect of heavy metals; compared with cement curing, the chemical agent treatment has the advantages that the heavy metal stabilization degree is high, the capacity is little increased or no capacity is increased, the types of curing agents are more, but the curing cost of the chemical agent is relatively high, the curing agents generally have stronger selectivity, the curing effect on dioxin and dissolved salts is weaker, and meanwhile, the synchronous curing of various heavy metals is difficult to realize; the melt solidification technology has the characteristics of high temperature and high efficiency, has extremely obvious volume reduction and decrement effects, and has good harmless effects on harmful components and heavy metals in dangerous wastes, and the like, and has been paid more attention in recent years.
However, the existing melting and vitrification technology of the hazardous waste needs to have an operation temperature of about 1500 ℃, which makes the melting and vitrification technology of the hazardous waste high in energy consumption and high in operation cost, and seriously hinders the large-scale popularization and application of the melting and vitrification technology. Therefore, how to reduce the melting temperature of dangerous waste, thereby saving energy consumption is a problem which must be solved in the popularization process of the melting vitrification technology.
Currently, studies for lowering the melting temperature of hazardous waste have focused mainly on lowering the melting point by additives such as fluxing agents. The invention patent (publication No. CN 106765145A) discloses a method for melting fly ash by adding SiO as a pure substance and an additive for melting fly ash 2 And Al 2 O 3 To reduce the melting temperature of the fly ash, but the melting temperature is still as high as above 1300 ℃. The invention patent (publication No. CN 1796011A) discloses a fly ash fusion composite additive for refuse incineration treatment, which consists of 30-50wt.% of B 2 O 3 25-40wt.% SiO 2 7-20wt.% CaF 2 7-20wt.% MgO is ground into 106-256 meshes and mixed uniformly, and 2-5wt.% ZrO can be added 2 The additive has complex components and high cost. The invention patent (publication No. CN 105251758A) uses 60-80wt.% of crushed glass and 20-40wt.% of powdery B 2 O 3 Or powdered CaF 2 One or two of them are used as garbage incinerationThe melting composite flux of the burned fly ash also has the problem of high cost of the additive. Meanwhile, the prior melting vitrification technology mainly depends on SiO 2 To form a glass body, a large amount of SiO is often added into the system 2 The auxiliary materials with high content reduce the adaptability of raw materials and the consumption of dangerous wastes to a certain extent. SiO is required as in the patent of the invention (publication No. CN 109734307A) 2 The mass percentage content is 30-40%, the invention patent (publication No. CN 1131118181A) requires SiO 2 The mass percentage of (3) is 37.5-65%.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of high energy consumption, low raw material adaptability and low hazardous waste consumption of the existing hazardous waste melting treatment method, the invention aims to provide a hazardous waste low-energy melting vitrification method, which is based on a calcium-silicon-iron ternary system, directly regulates and controls self components through the proportion among different hazardous wastes under the condition of not introducing any external melting additive, and designs a low-silicon formula, thereby reducing the dependence on high-silicon auxiliary materials, enhancing the raw material adaptability, improving the hazardous waste absorption capacity, realizing the treatment of waste by waste, reducing the melting temperature of the hazardous waste, reducing the energy consumption, realizing the harmless treatment of the hazardous waste and avoiding secondary pollution.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
mixing two or more incineration ash residues and hazardous waste sludge, and regulating and controlling SiO in the mixture 2 The mass percentage content is 19% -27%, and CaO/SiO 2 =1.34~2.22,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 ) =0.48 to 0.84. The mixture is dried, melted at high temperature and cooled to obtain the glass body.
Preferably, siO in the mixture 2 The mass percentage content is 20% -23%, and CaO/SiO 2 =1.77~1.92,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 )=0.57~0.62。
Preferably, the melting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃, and the roasting time is 1-1.5 h.
Preferably, the moisture of the mixture after drying is 5%.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the low-temperature melting treatment scheme of the hazardous waste is based on a large number of experimental conclusions, and the inventor finds CaO and SiO in the waste incineration fly ash through a large number of researches on main components of a plurality of hazardous wastes and the relation between the main components and the melting temperature 2 Fe (Fe) 2 O 3 Is a major factor affecting the melting temperature. The inventors have thus used CaO-SiO 2 -Fe 2 O 3 A great deal of experimental study is carried out based on a ternary system, and the method is summarized by regulating and controlling SiO in the mixture 2 The mass percentage content is 19% -27%, and CaO/SiO 2 =1.34~2.22,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 ) =0.48 to 0.84, which can reduce the melting temperature of the system to 1100 to 1250 ℃. Meanwhile, the invention fully considers the characteristic of higher water content of the hazardous waste sludge, and the mixture can be reduced in water content to a certain extent by the compatibility of the hazardous waste sludge and the dried fly ash and drying, so that the drying effect is improved.
According to the invention, under the condition of no addition of any fluxing agent, the melting treatment temperature of a system is effectively reduced by utilizing the composition components of various hazardous wastes through the cooperative treatment of multiple-source hazardous wastes, so that the energy consumption in the hazardous waste melting treatment process is reduced, and meanwhile, the effective consolidation of heavy metals such as Pb, zn, cu, cd, cr, ni is realized. Meanwhile, unlike the conventional melting formulation which requires high silicon content, the invention uses CaO-SiO 2 -Fe 2 O 3 The ternary system is used for designing a low-silicon formula, so that the dependence on high-silicon auxiliary materials can be effectively reduced, the raw material adaptability is enhanced, and the capability of absorbing hazardous wastes is improved. In general, the invention has wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is directed to specific embodiments, and is directed to embodiments of the present invention, some but not all of which are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
SiO in the mixture in this example 2 The mass percentage content is 19.89 percent, and CaO/SiO 2 =1.92,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 ) =0.62. The mixture is dried, melted at high temperature and cooled to obtain the glass body.
In this embodiment, hazardous waste sludge 11 is generated in hazardous waste incineration treatment, hazardous waste sludge 07 is generated in dye processing, and hazardous waste sludge 05 is generated in new material production.
In this example, the melting temperature was 1200℃and the calcination time was 1h.
In this embodiment, the moisture of the mixture after drying is 5%.
The glass content obtained in example 1 was 92%.
Example 2
SiO in the mixture in this example 2 The mass percentage content is 24.30 percent, and CaO/SiO 2 =1.34,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 ) =0.48. The mixture is dried, melted at high temperature and cooled to obtain the glass body.
In this embodiment, hazardous waste sludge 11 is produced by incineration of hazardous waste, hazardous waste sludge 07 is produced by dye processing, and hazardous waste sludge 08 is produced by pesticide production.
In this example, the melting temperature was 1250℃and the firing time was 2 hours.
In this example, the moisture of the mixture after drying was 12%.
The glass content obtained in this example 2 was 87%.
Example 3
SiO in the mixture in this example 2 The mass percentage content is 20.58 percent, and CaO/SiO 2 =1.77,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 ) =0.57. The mixture is dried, melted at high temperature and cooled to obtain the glass body.
In this example, fly ash 01 is produced in hazardous waste incineration, fly ash 03 is produced in household garbage incineration, and hazardous waste sludge 19 is produced in dye production.
In this example, the melting temperature was 1150℃and the calcination time was 1.5h.
In this example, the moisture of the mixture after drying was 10%.
The glass content obtained in this example 3 was 90%.
Example 4
SiO in the mixture in this example 2 The mass percentage content is 26.12 percent, and CaO/SiO 2 =1.44,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 ) =0.60. The mixture is dried, melted at high temperature and cooled to obtain the glass body.
In this example, fly ash 01 is produced in hazardous waste incineration, fly ash 05 is produced in household garbage incineration, and hazardous waste sludge 05 is produced in new material production.
In this example, the melting temperature was 1100℃and the firing time was 2 hours.
In this example, the moisture of the mixture after drying was 8%.
The glass content obtained in this example 4 was 88%.
Example 5
SiO in the mixture in this example 2 The mass percentage content is 20.48 percent, and CaO/SiO 2 =2.22,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 ) =0.84. The mixture is dried, melted at high temperature and cooled to obtain the glass body.
In this example, fly ash 03 is produced by incineration of hazardous waste, hazardous waste sludge 07 is produced by dye processing, and hazardous waste sludge 05 is produced by new material production.
In this example, the melting temperature was 1150℃and the firing time was 0.5h.
In this example, the moisture of the mixture after drying was 12%.
The glass content obtained in this example 5 was 86%.
As can be seen from the results of the above examples 1 to 5, the technical scheme of the present invention is that SiO in the mixture 2 Mass percent content and CaO/SiO 2 And CaO/(SiO) 2 +Fe 2 O 3 ) Besides meeting the requirements of raw material components, the melting temperature and melting time are required to be cooperatively regulated and controlled, so that the smooth realization of the liquid phase generation and the melting solidification process of the system is ensured.
To further demonstrate the necessity of controlling the mass ratio of the components in the above two aspects and the firing conditions, several comparative examples are further presented.
Comparative example 1
SiO in the mixture in this comparative example 2 The mass percentage content is 18 percent, and CaO/SiO 2 =1.24,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 ) =0.4. The mixture is dried, melted at high temperature and cooled to obtain the glass body.
In this comparative example, hazardous waste sludge 11 is generated in hazardous waste incineration treatment, hazardous waste sludge 07 is generated in dye processing, and hazardous waste sludge 05 is generated in new material production.
In this comparative example, the melting temperature was 1200℃and the firing time was 1h.
In this comparative example, the moisture of the mixture after drying was 5%.
The glass content obtained in comparative example 1 was 63%.
Comparative example 2
SiO in the mixture in this comparative example 2 28 mass percent of CaO/SiO 2 =2.34,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 ) =0.90. The mixture is dried, melted at high temperature and cooled to obtain the glass body.
In this comparative example, hazardous waste sludge 11 is generated in hazardous waste incineration treatment, hazardous waste sludge 07 is generated in dye processing, and hazardous waste sludge 08 is generated in pesticide production.
In this comparative example, the melting temperature was 1250℃and the firing time was 2 hours.
In this comparative example, the moisture of the mixture after drying was 12%.
The glass content obtained in comparative example 2 was 70%.
Comparative example 3
SiO in the mixture in this comparative example 2 The mass percentage content is 24.30 percent, and CaO/SiO 2 =1.34,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 ) =0.48. The mixture is dried, melted at high temperature and cooled to obtain the glass body.
In this comparative example, hazardous waste sludge 11 is generated in hazardous waste incineration treatment, hazardous waste sludge 07 is generated in dye processing, and hazardous waste sludge 08 is generated in pesticide production.
In this comparative example, the melting temperature was 1050℃and the firing time was 0.3h.
In this comparative example, the moisture of the mixture after drying was 12%.
The glass content obtained in comparative example 3 was 10%.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and accordingly, the embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a single embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to specific embodiments, and that the embodiments shown in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. A method for melting and vitrifying hazardous waste with low energy consumption, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: mixing two or more incineration ash residues and hazardous waste sludge, and regulating and controlling SiO in the mixture 2 The mass percentage content is 19% -27%, and CaO/SiO 2 =1.34~2.22,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 )=0.48~0.84。
2. The mixture is dried, melted at high temperature and cooled to obtain the glass body.
3. The method for low energy melting vitrification of hazardous waste of claim 1, wherein: the incineration ash is one or more of household garbage incineration fly ash, household garbage incineration slag, dangerous waste incineration fly ash and dangerous waste incineration slag; the hazardous waste sludge is sludge produced in industries such as dye, pharmacy and the like.
4. The method for low energy melting vitrification of hazardous waste of claim 1, wherein: siO in the mixture 2 The mass percentage content is 20% -23%, and CaO/SiO 2 =1.77~1.92,CaO/(SiO 2 +Fe 2 O 3 )=0.57~0.62。
5. The method for low energy melting vitrification of hazardous waste of claim 1, wherein: the melting temperature is 1100-1250 ℃, and the roasting time is 0.5-2 h.
6. A method of low energy melt vitrification of hazardous waste as set forth in claim 3, wherein: the moisture of the mixture after drying is less than 12%.
7. The method for low energy melting vitrification of hazardous waste of claim 1, wherein: the vitreous content is greater than 86%.
CN202210721013.2A 2022-06-24 2022-06-24 Low-energy-consumption melting vitrification method for hazardous waste Pending CN117303737A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210721013.2A CN117303737A (en) 2022-06-24 2022-06-24 Low-energy-consumption melting vitrification method for hazardous waste

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210721013.2A CN117303737A (en) 2022-06-24 2022-06-24 Low-energy-consumption melting vitrification method for hazardous waste

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN117303737A true CN117303737A (en) 2023-12-29

Family

ID=89295966

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210721013.2A Pending CN117303737A (en) 2022-06-24 2022-06-24 Low-energy-consumption melting vitrification method for hazardous waste

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN117303737A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN109734307B (en) Method for low-energy-consumption melting and efficient solidification of heavy metals in waste incineration fly ash
CN106862244A (en) The high-temperature fusion detoxification method of flying dust
CN101220312A (en) Combustion improver for catalytic combustion of blast furnace coal injection
CN112169246A (en) Inorganic composite stabilizer for heavy metal in waste incineration fly ash and stabilizing and curing method thereof
CN100534939C (en) Steel slag treatment additive
CN101580751A (en) Fusing assistant for lowering coal ash fusion temperature and preparation method thereof
CN104805250A (en) High-temperature slag continuous modification processing method
CN112853091B (en) Method for efficiently and synergistically recycling chromium-containing waste residues and carbon-containing waste materials
CN110845159A (en) Preparation method for producing portland cement clinker by coal gangue
CN104278146B (en) A kind of sintering flux preparation method for iron ore sintering
CN112414132A (en) Method and system for resourceful treatment of waste incineration fly ash
CN114804589A (en) Preparation method and application of household garbage incineration fly ash molten glass
CN102657926B (en) Heavy metal normal temperature curing agent and method for curing heavy metal in heavy metal pollutants by use of heavy metal normal temperature curing agent
CN112441759A (en) Method and device for treating waste incineration fly ash with low energy consumption, resource utilization and environmental protection
CN108275966A (en) A method of making refractory brick using domestic garbage incineration flyash
CN103979794B (en) One heavy metal species waste gypsum prepares the method for devitrified glass
CN117303737A (en) Low-energy-consumption melting vitrification method for hazardous waste
CN113814207B (en) Method for degrading dioxin in household garbage incineration fly ash at low temperature in pyrolysis furnace
CN111960804A (en) Method for manufacturing high-strength sintered building material by using molten steel slag
CN116768501A (en) Method for preparing cement clinker by utilizing industrial solid waste and steel slag
CN113860365B (en) Method for treating arsenic-containing gypsum slag by using tin-smelting fuming furnace
CN101481221A (en) Method for treating silicate slag from wastewater treatment
CN112377928B (en) Low-melting point waste incineration fly ash containing composite fluxing agent and application thereof in fluidized bed heat recovery solidification process of molten blast furnace slag
CN105777002B (en) A kind of high-performance synthesis slag bulk and preparation method thereof
CN104743878A (en) Microcrystalline board products and preparation method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication