CN117295878A - Turbine unit with external combined pressure stage and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Turbine unit with external combined pressure stage and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN117295878A CN117295878A CN202280020356.4A CN202280020356A CN117295878A CN 117295878 A CN117295878 A CN 117295878A CN 202280020356 A CN202280020356 A CN 202280020356A CN 117295878 A CN117295878 A CN 117295878A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 267
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
- F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
A turbine unit with an external combined pressure stage and an operation method thereof are provided, wherein the turbine unit comprises a boiler (10), a high-pressure cylinder (11) and a first rotating shaft (12), and a main steam valve (15) and a main path control valve (16) are sequentially arranged on a main steam pipeline along the steam flow direction; the energy conversion device also comprises a second rotating shaft (13), an energy conversion device (14) and at least two regulating pressure stages (21, 22, 23), wherein after the regulating pressure stages (21, 22, 23) are connected in parallel, a steam inlet branch of the regulating pressure stages is connected with an inlet end of a main control valve (16), a steam outlet branch of the regulating pressure stages is connected with an outlet end of the main control valve (16) through a bypass control valve (17), and each regulating pressure stage (21, 22, 23) can be selectively conducted. The regulating pressure stages with different flow areas are combined into a plurality of combination forms by utilizing different connection modes, and then different combination forms are bound with different load intervals one by one, so that active adaptation can be carried out by switching to different external combination pressure stages under different load intervals, acting links are gradually increased under medium and low load working conditions, the regulating capacity of the unit is improved, and the running energy efficiency is improved.
Description
The invention belongs to the technical field of turbine power generation, and particularly relates to a turbine unit with an external combined pressure stage and an operation method thereof.
Along with the large-scale entering of new energy into the power grid, the power system needs to realize energy supply and demand balance between the randomly fluctuating load demand and the randomly fluctuating power supply, and the structural form, the operation control mode and the planning construction and management of the power system are fundamentally changed.
In a new generation of electric power system, the coal-fired thermal power unit is required to fully participate in deep peak shaving, in the process of participating in deep peak shaving, the coal-fired thermal power unit is required to run for a long time under high, medium and low load working conditions, and the coal-fired thermal power unit designed according to rated load working conditions has the advantages that the power generation energy efficiency is drastically reduced under the medium and low load working conditions, the coal consumption is greatly increased, the regulation capability of the unit is poor, and the efficient running cannot be kept under various load working conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a turbine unit with an external combined pressure stage and an operation method thereof, which are mainly used for solving the problems that the turbine unit in the prior art is poor in adjustment capability, cannot adapt to variable load working conditions, and is low in energy efficiency and the like.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a turbine unit with an external combined pressure stage, which comprises a boiler, a high-pressure cylinder and a first rotating shaft, wherein a main steam outlet end of the boiler is connected with a steam inlet end pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder through a main steam pipeline, a main steam valve and a main path control valve are sequentially arranged on the main steam pipeline along the steam flow direction, and the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the first rotating shaft;
the device comprises a main path control valve, a first rotating shaft, an energy conversion device, at least two regulating pressure stages, a second rotating shaft, an energy conversion device and a control valve, wherein the regulating pressure stages and the energy conversion device are sequentially arranged along the central axis direction of the second rotating shaft, after the regulating pressure stages are connected in parallel, a steam inlet branch of the regulating pressure stages is connected with the inlet end of the main path control valve, a steam outlet branch of the regulating pressure stages is connected with the outlet end of the main path control valve through a bypass control valve, and each regulating pressure stage can be selectively conducted.
In some embodiments, an inlet gas regulating valve is arranged between each regulating pressure stage and the inlet gas branch, and an outlet gas regulating valve is arranged between each regulating pressure stage and the outlet gas branch.
In some embodiments, a steam inlet regulating valve is arranged between each regulating pressure stage and the steam inlet branch, and a steam outlet regulating valve is arranged between the steam outlet ends of two adjacent regulating pressure stages.
In some embodiments, along the central axis direction of the second rotating shaft, the steam outlet end of the previous regulating pressure stage is connected with the steam inlet end of the next regulating pressure stage through an intermediate regulating valve.
In some embodiments, the regulated pressure stages are arranged in a co-directional arrangement or in pairs in the direction of steam flow.
In some embodiments, the flow area of the different regulated pressure stages is greater and greater along the direction of steam flow.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a heat recovery system provided with a first high-pressure heater, the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the first high-pressure heater through a first heat recovery valve, and the outlet pipelines of the main path control valve and the bypass control valve are connected with the first high-pressure heater through a second heat recovery valve after being converged.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a condenser and a low-pressure heat exchange device, wherein the steam outlet end of at least one pressure regulating stage is provided with a steam extraction valve, and the steam extraction valve is connected with the condenser or the low-pressure heat exchange device through a pipeline.
In some embodiments, the steam inlet end of at least one of the regulated pressure stages is provided with a cooling steam valve connected to a steam source connection having a pressure greater than the pressure at the steam extraction valve, the steam source including, but not limited to, at least one of a main steam line, a reheat steam line, a steam header.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an operation method of a turbine unit applied to the external combined pressure stage, including:
dividing control load intervals according to the number of the regulating pressure stages, wherein the control load intervals comprise, but are not limited to, a high load interval, a medium and high load interval, a medium load interval and a low load interval;
detecting or setting an operation interval point, and judging a control load interval in which the operation interval point falls:
when the operating interval point falls into the high-load interval, only the high-pressure cylinder is put into operation, so that all the pressure-regulating stages idle or stop;
when the operating interval point falls into a middle-high load interval, the pressure-regulating stages are operated in parallel and are communicated with the high-pressure cylinder;
when the operating interval point falls into the intermediate load interval, a single pressure level is regulated, and then the high-pressure cylinder is communicated;
and when the operating interval point falls into the low-load interval, the pressure-regulating stages are operated in series and are communicated with the high-pressure cylinder.
In some embodiments, the mid-high load interval is divided into several sub-mid-high intervals;
according to the quantity and the flow area of the pressure-regulating stages, combining the pressure-regulating stages into a plurality of pressure stage combination forms with unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability from small to large;
binding a plurality of sub-middle-high sections from high to low with the pressure stage combination form which is arranged from small to large according to the unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability.
In some embodiments, the intermediate load interval is divided into a number of sub-intermediate intervals;
according to the unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability of the pressure regulating stage, arranging the pressure regulating stage from small to large;
binding a plurality of subintermediate sections from high to low with the pressure-regulating stages arranged from small to large according to the unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability.
In some embodiments, the low-load interval is divided into several sub-low intervals;
according to the quantity and the flow area of the pressure-regulating stages, combining the pressure-regulating stages into a plurality of pressure stage combination forms with unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability from small to large;
binding a plurality of sub-low regions from high to low with the pressure level combination form which is arranged from small to large according to the unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability.
In some embodiments, when the regulated pressure stage is in an idle state with the intake and exhaust isolated, its corresponding extraction valve is opened.
In some embodiments, detection data is obtained to determine whether the cooling flow is sufficient;
and if the cooling flow is insufficient, opening a cooling steam valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the regulating pressure stages are connected in parallel at two ends of the main control valve, the regulating pressure stages can be switched into a parallel connection mode, a serial connection mode or an independent conduction connection mode through the valve, the regulating pressure stages with different flow areas are combined into a plurality of combination modes through different connection modes, and then different combination modes are bound with different load sections one by one, so that active adaptation can be carried out through switching to different external combination pressure stages in different load sections, acting links are gradually increased under medium and low load working conditions, higher unit operation pressure is maintained, the regulating capacity of the unit is improved, and the operation energy efficiency is improved.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments do not constitute any limitation of the invention, and other drawings may be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort from the following figures.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a turbine unit with an external combined pressure stage according to embodiment 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a turbine unit in a reverse arrangement according to one embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of an operation method of a turbine unit with an external combined pressure stage provided in embodiment 2.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10 boilers; 11 high-pressure cylinders; 12 a first rotation axis; 13 a second rotating shaft; 14 energy conversion means; 15 main steam valve; 16 main control valve; 17 bypass control valve; 18 a first regenerative valve; a second backheating valve 19; 21 a first regulated pressure stage; a second regulated pressure stage 22; 23 a third regulated pressure stage; 31 a first inlet air regulating valve; 32 a second inlet air regulating valve; 33 a third inlet air regulating valve; 41 a first steam outlet regulating valve; a second outlet air regulating valve 42; 51 a first intermediate regulating valve; 52 a second intermediate regulator valve; 61, a steam extraction valve; 62 cooling the steam valve; 63 a first high pressure heater; a 64 regenerator system; 65 condenser.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, when it is described that a specific device is located between a first device and a second device, an intervening device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first device or the second device. When it is described that a particular device is connected to other devices, the particular device may be directly connected to the other devices without intervening devices, or may be directly connected to the other devices without intervening devices.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, embodiment 1 provides a steam turbine set with an external combined pressure stage, which comprises a boiler 10, a high-pressure cylinder 11 and a first rotating shaft 12, wherein a main steam outlet end of the boiler 10 is connected with a steam inlet end of the high-pressure cylinder 11 through a main steam pipeline, a main steam valve 15 and a main path control valve 16 are sequentially arranged on the main steam pipeline along the steam flow direction, main steam passes through the main steam valve 15 and then passes through the main path control valve 16, the high-pressure cylinder 11 is connected with the first rotating shaft 12, and of course, a medium-pressure cylinder, a low-pressure cylinder and a generator are also connected on the first rotating shaft 12;
more specifically, the system further comprises a second rotating shaft 13, an energy conversion device 14 and three regulating pressure stages, the regulating pressure stages are divided into a first regulating pressure stage 21, a second regulating pressure stage 22 and a third regulating pressure stage 23, the first regulating pressure stage 21, the second regulating pressure stage 22 and the third regulating pressure stage 23 are sequentially arranged with the energy conversion device 14 from front to back along the central axis direction of the second rotating shaft 13, the steam inlet ends of the three regulating pressure stages are commonly connected with one steam inlet branch, the steam outlet ends of the three regulating pressure stages are commonly connected with one steam outlet branch, the steam inlet branch is connected with the inlet end of a main path control valve 16, the steam inlet branch is connected between the main path control valve 15 and the main path control valve 16, the bypass control valve 17 can control whether the steam outlet of the three regulating pressure stages can be connected to the steam inlet end of the high pressure cylinder 11, in a parallel passage formed by the three regulating pressure stages, each regulating pressure stage can be selectively conducted, namely, one of the regulating pressure stages can be independently selectively connected with one of the three regulating pressure stages, and the three regulating pressure stages can be selectively connected with the other regulating pressure stages, and can not be connected with the main pressure stage.
As an implementation mode, an inlet steam regulating valve is arranged between each regulating pressure stage and the inlet steam branch, an outlet steam regulating valve is arranged between each regulating pressure stage and the outlet steam branch, and the regulating pressure stages which do not need to be operated can be selectively isolated through the inlet steam regulating valve and the outlet steam regulating valve corresponding to each regulating pressure stage, so that the control is accurate.
As another implementation mode, an inlet steam regulating valve is arranged between each regulating pressure stage and the inlet steam branch, an outlet steam regulating valve is arranged between the outlet steam ends of two adjacent regulating pressure stages, and the isolation between the outlet steam ends of the adjacent regulating pressure stages can be realized only by two outlet steam regulating valves for three regulating pressure stages.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a first steam inlet adjusting valve 31 is disposed before a first adjusting pressure stage 21, a second steam inlet adjusting valve 32 is disposed before a second adjusting pressure stage 22, a third steam inlet adjusting valve 33 is disposed before a third adjusting pressure stage 23, a first steam outlet adjusting valve 41 is disposed between the steam outlet ends of the first adjusting pressure stage 21 and the second adjusting pressure stage 22, and a second steam outlet adjusting valve 42 is disposed between the steam outlet ends of the second adjusting pressure stage 22 and the third adjusting pressure stage 23.
In this embodiment, along the central axis of the second rotating shaft 13, the steam outlet end of the previous regulating pressure stage is connected with the steam inlet end of the next regulating pressure stage through an intermediate regulating valve, that is, the steam outlet end of the first regulating pressure stage 21 is connected with the outlet end pipeline of the second steam inlet regulating valve 32 of the steam inlet end of the second regulating pressure stage 22 through the first intermediate regulating valve 51, and then is connected with the steam inlet end pipeline of the second regulating pressure stage 22, and similarly, the steam outlet end of the second regulating pressure stage 22 is connected with the outlet end pipeline of the third steam inlet regulating valve 33 of the steam inlet end of the third regulating pressure stage 23 through the second intermediate regulating valve 52, and then is connected with the steam inlet end pipeline of the third regulating pressure stage 23, and by opening the first intermediate regulating valve 51 and the second intermediate regulating valve 52, the parallel regulating pressure stages can be switched into serial connection by closing the first steam outlet regulating valve 41 and the second steam outlet regulating valve 42, so as to raise the flow area to the maximum, and adapt to the lower working conditions.
As an embodiment, the regulating pressure stages are arranged in the same direction as the steam flow or in opposite directions in pairs; more specifically, in fig. 1, all the pressure-regulating stages are left-side inlet and right-side outlet, belonging to the same-directional arrangement; in fig. 2, which is a reverse arrangement, two by two are arranged in pairs, each two being in a pair of reverse arrangement, the first two regulating pressure stages being in reverse arrangement if there are four regulating pressure stages, the second two regulating pressure stages being in reverse arrangement, and in fig. 2 two regulating pressure stages are shown.
Preferably, the flow areas of the different regulating pressure stages are larger and larger in the steam flow direction, i.e. the flow area of the first regulating pressure stage 21 is smallest, the flow area of the second regulating pressure stage 22 is smaller, and the flow area of the third regulating pressure stage 23 is largest, arranged in order from small to large, so that the regulating pressure stages are opened from small to large as the load conditions decrease gradually. The larger the flow area of the pressure-adjusting stage, the larger the conversion capability per unit steam enthalpy drop.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a heat recovery system 64 provided with a first high-pressure heater 63, the high-pressure cylinder 11 is connected with the first high-pressure heater 63 through a first heat recovery valve 18, the first heat recovery valve 18 is connected in the middle of the high-pressure cylinder 11 through a pipeline, the outlet pipelines of the main control valve 16 and the bypass control valve 17 are connected with the first high-pressure heater 63 through a second heat recovery valve 19 after being converged, namely, steam in different states can be selected to enter the heat recovery through controlling the first heat recovery valve 18 and the second heat recovery valve 19, and even under the limit working condition, the steam mainly enters the first high-pressure heater 63 through the second heat recovery valve 19, so that the flow entering the high-pressure cylinder 11 is reduced, and the set heat recovery requirement is achieved.
In some embodiments, the system further comprises a condenser 65 and a low-pressure heat exchange device, wherein the steam outlet end of at least one pressure-regulating stage is provided with a steam extraction valve 61, the steam extraction valve 61 is connected with the condenser 65 or the low-pressure heat exchange device through a pipeline, when the corresponding pressure-regulating stage is isolated from steam inlet and steam outlet, after entering an idling state, the corresponding steam extraction valve 61 can be opened to avoid the backflow of steam into the pressure-regulating stage, so that the blowing loss is caused, the basic cooling is realized through steam leakage, the steam extraction valve 61 is communicated to the condenser 65 or the low-pressure heat exchange device with lower pressure, and the steam leakage is guided through a pressure difference.
In some embodiments, the steam inlet end of at least one pressure regulating stage is provided with a cooling steam valve 62, the cooling steam valve 62 is connected with a steam source with pressure higher than that of the steam extracting valve 61, and the steam source comprises at least one of a main steam pipeline, a reheat steam pipeline and a steam main pipe, which means that after the steam extracting valve 61 is opened, when the cooling flow is insufficient in a mode of cooling by steam leakage, the cooling steam valve 62 can be opened, steam at a steam source with higher pressure is introduced, and steam circulation is realized in the corresponding pressure regulating stage, so that the cooling flow is further improved.
Each regulating pressure stage can be provided with a steam extraction valve 61 and a cooling steam valve 62, and when the regulating pressure stages are combined into different combination forms according to actual needs, the isolated regulating pressure stages can be cooled through the steam extraction valve 61 and the cooling steam valve 62, so that the blast loss is reduced.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 3, embodiment 2 provides a method for operating a turbine set with an external combined pressure stage applied to the above embodiment, including:
dividing control load sections according to the number of the regulating pressure stages, wherein the control load sections comprise, but are not limited to, a high load section, a medium and high load section, a medium load section and a low load section;
detecting or setting an operation interval point, and judging a control load interval in which the operation interval point falls, wherein the operation interval point can be detected in the actual operation process, and can also change along with the load change of an actual operation unit, and can fall into any control load interval; naturally, the unit can also be operated to the corresponding load point by setting an operation interval point in an active regulation mode when the load is actively regulated:
when the operating interval point falls into the high-load interval, only the high-pressure cylinder 11 is put into operation, and the high-pressure cylinder 11 can be regarded as being in a rated operating state without putting other regulating pressure stages into operation, so that all the regulating pressure stages idle or stop; more specifically, the main control valve 16 is opened, the first steam inlet regulating valve 31, the second steam inlet regulating valve 32, the third steam inlet regulating valve 33, the first steam outlet regulating valve 41, the second steam outlet regulating valve 42 and the bypass control valve 17 are closed, which is equivalent to supplying steam to the high-pressure cylinder 11 only through the main steam pipeline, and the second rotating shaft 13 does not participate in operation;
when the operating interval point falls into the middle-high load interval, the regulating pressure stages are operated in parallel, the high-pressure cylinder 11 is communicated, the main control valve 16 is closed, the specific regulating pressure stage operated in parallel is selected, the front regulating valve and the rear regulating valve are opened, the regulating pressure stage is connected to the steam inlet branch and the steam outlet branch, and the regulating pressure stages operated in parallel are suitable for being operated when the load is slightly reduced due to smaller flow areas, so that a working block with smaller working capacity is connected in series before the high-pressure cylinder 11 to adapt to the load working condition at the moment;
when the operating interval point falls into the intermediate load interval, a single regulating pressure stage is put into operation, the high-pressure cylinder 11 is communicated, the main control valve 16 is closed, a specific single regulating pressure stage is selected, the front regulating valve and the rear regulating valve of the single regulating pressure stage are opened, the single regulating pressure stage is connected to the steam inlet branch and the steam outlet branch, and the regulating valves of other regulating pressure stages are closed at the same time, and the single regulating pressure stage has stronger function than a plurality of regulating pressure stages connected in parallel, so that a working unit with larger working capacity is connected in series before the high-pressure cylinder 11 to adapt to the load working condition at the moment;
when the operating interval point falls into the low-load interval, the regulating pressure stages are operated in series, the high-pressure cylinder 11 is communicated, the main control valve 16 is closed, the regulating pressure stage which specifically needs to be operated in series is selected, the corresponding steam outlet regulating valve and/or the middle regulating valve is opened, so that the steam outlet end of the front regulating pressure stage is directly connected with the steam inlet end of the rear regulating pressure stage, the regulating pressure stages with different working capacities are connected in series, and a working unit with larger working capacity is connected in series before the high-pressure cylinder 11 to adapt to the load working condition at the moment.
According to the embodiment, according to the actual change of the operating interval point, the pressure level is correspondingly switched to different pressure level regulation combined forms, and the control of the operation quantity is added through three modes of parallel connection, independent operation and series connection, so that the adaptive adjustment in the working conditions of a medium-high load interval, a medium-load interval and a low-load interval is realized. The difference between different pressure stage combinations is described by using the concept of the unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability, and when the load and the flow rate are lower, the unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability of the corresponding pressure stage combination is larger.
As one embodiment, the medium-high load section is divided into four sub-medium-high sections;
according to the number of regulating pressure stages and the flow area, a plurality of pressure stage combination forms with unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability from small to large are formed, in this embodiment, as the flow areas of the first regulating pressure stage 21, the second regulating pressure stage 22 and the third regulating pressure stage 23 are larger and larger, the first combination mode is that the first regulating pressure stage 21, the second regulating pressure stage 22 and the third regulating pressure stage 23 are connected in parallel in a sequencing mode with unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability from small to large, the second combination mode is that the first regulating pressure stage 21, the second regulating pressure stage 22 and the third regulating pressure stage 23 are connected in parallel, the third combination mode is that the first regulating pressure stage 21 and the third regulating pressure stage 23 are connected in parallel, and the fourth combination mode is that the second regulating pressure stage 22 and the third regulating pressure stage 23 are connected in parallel;
binding four submidhigh intervals from high to low with pressure level combination forms with unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability arranged from small to large, and operating the corresponding pressure level combination forms when the operating interval points fall into the specific submidhigh intervals.
Wherein, under the middle-high load interval, the main control valve 16 is closed, the bypass control valve 17 is opened, and the first middle regulating valve 51 and the second middle regulating valve 52 are kept closed;
in the first sub-middle-high section, the first adjusting pressure stage 21, the second adjusting pressure stage 22 and the third adjusting pressure stage 23 need to be put into operation, and the first steam inlet adjusting valve 31, the second steam inlet adjusting valve 32, the third steam inlet adjusting valve 33, the first steam outlet adjusting valve 41 and the second steam outlet adjusting valve 42 are all opened;
in the second sub-middle-high section, the first regulating pressure stage 21 and the second regulating pressure stage 22 need to be put into operation, the first steam inlet regulating valve 31, the second steam inlet regulating valve 32, the first steam outlet regulating valve 41 and the second steam outlet regulating valve 42 are all opened, and the third steam inlet regulating valve 33 is closed;
in the third sub-middle-high section, the first regulating pressure stage 21 and the third regulating pressure stage 23 need to be put into operation, the first steam inlet regulating valve 31, the third steam inlet regulating valve 33, the first steam outlet regulating valve 41 and the second steam outlet regulating valve 42 are all opened, and the second steam inlet regulating valve 32 is closed;
in the fourth sub-middle-high section, the second regulating pressure stage 22 and the third regulating pressure stage 23 need to be put into operation, the second steam inlet regulating valve 32, the third steam inlet regulating valve 33 and the second steam outlet regulating valve 42 are all opened, and the first steam inlet regulating valve 31 and the first steam outlet regulating valve 41 are closed.
As one embodiment, the intermediate load section is divided into three sub-intermediate sections;
according to the unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability of the pressure stage, the pressure stage is regulated from small to large;
binding three sub-intermediate sections from high to low with pressure-regulating stages arranged from small to large according to the unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability;
wherein, under the intermediate load interval, the main control valve 16 is closed, the bypass control valve 17 is opened, and the first intermediate regulating valve 51 and the second intermediate regulating valve 52 remain closed;
the first sub-middle section corresponds to the first pressure stage 21, in this mode, the first steam inlet regulating valve 31, the first steam outlet regulating valve 41 and the second steam outlet regulating valve 42 are opened, and the second steam inlet regulating valve 32 and the third steam inlet regulating valve 33 are closed;
the second sub-intermediate section corresponds to the second regulation pressure stage 22, in this mode, the second steam inlet regulating valve 32 and the second steam outlet regulating valve 42 are opened, and the first steam inlet regulating valve 31, the third steam inlet regulating valve 33 and the first steam outlet regulating valve 41 are closed;
the third sub-intermediate section corresponds to the second regulation pressure stage 22, in this mode, the third steam inlet regulating valve 33 is opened, and the first steam inlet regulating valve 31, the second steam inlet regulating valve 32, the first steam outlet regulating valve 41, and the second steam outlet regulating valve 42 are closed.
As one embodiment, the low-load section is divided into four sub-low sections;
according to the quantity and the flow area of the pressure stages, a plurality of pressure stage combination forms with unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability from small to large are combined; according to the sequencing mode of unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability from small to large, the first combination mode is that a first regulating pressure stage 21 is connected with a second regulating pressure stage 22 in series, the second combination mode is that a first regulating pressure stage 21 is connected with a third regulating pressure stage 23 in series, the third combination mode is that a second regulating pressure stage 22 is connected with a third regulating pressure stage 23 in series, and the fourth combination mode is that a first regulating pressure stage 21 and a second regulating pressure stage 22 are connected with a third regulating pressure stage 23 in series;
binding a plurality of sub-low regions from high to low with a pressure level combination form with steam treatment capacity arranged from small to large;
wherein, under the low load interval, the main control valve 16 is closed, and the bypass control valve 17 is opened;
in the first sub-low region, the first regulating pressure stage 21 and the second regulating pressure stage 22 need to be put into operation, the first steam inlet regulating valve 31, the first intermediate regulating valve 51 and the second steam outlet regulating valve 42 are opened, and the second steam inlet regulating valve 32, the third steam inlet regulating valve 33, the second intermediate regulating valve 52 and the first steam outlet regulating valve 41 are closed;
in the second sub-low region, the first regulating pressure stage 21 and the third regulating pressure stage 23 need to be put into operation, the first steam inlet regulating valve 31, the first steam outlet regulating valve 41 and the second intermediate regulating valve 52 are opened, and the second steam inlet regulating valve 32, the third steam inlet regulating valve 33, the second steam outlet regulating valve 42 and the first intermediate regulating valve 51 are closed;
in the third sub-low section, the second regulating pressure stage 22 and the third regulating pressure stage 23 need to be put into operation, the second steam inlet regulating valve 32 and the second intermediate regulating valve 52 are opened, and the first steam inlet regulating valve 31, the third steam inlet regulating valve 33, the first steam outlet regulating valve 41, the second steam outlet regulating valve 42 and the first intermediate regulating valve 51 are closed;
in the fourth sub-low section, the first regulation pressure stage 21, the second regulation pressure stage 22 and the third regulation pressure stage 23 need to be put into operation, the first steam inlet regulating valve 31, the first intermediate regulating valve 51 and the second intermediate regulating valve 52 are opened, and the second steam inlet regulating valve 32, the third steam inlet regulating valve 33, the first steam outlet regulating valve 41 and the second steam outlet regulating valve 42 are closed.
Through the above connection mode, the parallel connection, the independent operation and the series connection of the first adjusting pressure stage 21, the second adjusting pressure stage 22 and the third adjusting pressure stage 23 can be realized, and the working blocks with different conversion capacities in unit steam enthalpy drop can be formed by combining various structural forms so as to adapt to different actual operation load working conditions.
In one embodiment, in the above three connection modes of parallel connection, independent operation and series connection, there will be individual isolated regulating pressure stages, which do not need to be put into operation at the current operation interval point, so when the regulating pressure stages are in isolated steam inlet and steam outlet and enter an idle state, the corresponding steam extraction valve 61 is opened, so that steam leaks from the steam extraction valve, the steam is prevented from flowing back into the isolated regulating pressure stages, the blowing loss is caused, and basic cooling can be realized through steam leakage.
As one embodiment, detection data is obtained to determine whether the cooling flow rate is sufficient;
if the cooling flow is insufficient, the cooling steam valve 62 is opened;
it should be noted that, when the cooling flow is insufficient and the cooling effect is not ideal in this way through vapor leakage cooling, whether the unit is properly cooled or not can be judged through detecting the data, if the data feedback cooling is insufficient, i.e. the cooling vapor valve 62 is opened, vapor at the vapor source with higher pressure is introduced, vapor circulation is realized in the corresponding pressure regulation stage, and the cooling flow is further improved.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the embodiment provides a steam turbine set with external combined pressure stages and an operation method thereof, after a plurality of adjusting pressure stages are connected, the adjusting pressure stages are connected in parallel at two ends of a main control valve 16, the adjusting pressure stages can be switched into a parallel connection mode or a serial connection mode or an independent conduction connection mode through the valves, the adjusting pressure stages with different flow areas are combined into a plurality of combination modes by using different connection modes, and then different combination modes are bound with different load sections one by one, so that active adaptation can be performed by switching to different external combination pressure stages in different load sections, work doing links are gradually increased under medium and low load working conditions, higher unit operation pressure is maintained, the adjusting capacity of the unit is improved, and the operation energy efficiency is improved.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, but any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (15)
- The utility model provides a turbine unit of external combination pressure level, includes boiler, high-pressure cylinder and first pivot, the main steam outlet end of boiler pass through main steam pipeline with the steam inlet end pipe connection of high-pressure cylinder, be equipped with main vapour valve and main way control valve on the main steam pipeline in proper order along the steam flow direction, the high-pressure cylinder connect in first pivot, its characterized in that:the device comprises a main path control valve, a first rotating shaft, an energy conversion device, at least two regulating pressure stages, a second rotating shaft, an energy conversion device and a control valve, wherein the regulating pressure stages and the energy conversion device are sequentially arranged along the central axis direction of the second rotating shaft, after the regulating pressure stages are connected in parallel, a steam inlet branch of the regulating pressure stages is connected with the inlet end of the main path control valve, a steam outlet branch of the regulating pressure stages is connected with the outlet end of the main path control valve through a bypass control valve, and each regulating pressure stage can be selectively conducted.
- The turbine assembly of claim 1, wherein an inlet air regulating valve is disposed between each of said pressure regulating stages and said inlet air branch, and an outlet air regulating valve is disposed between each of said pressure regulating stages and said outlet air branch.
- The turbine unit of claim 1, wherein an inlet air regulating valve is disposed between each of said pressure regulating stages and said inlet air branch, and an outlet air regulating valve is disposed between the outlet ends of two adjacent pressure regulating stages.
- A turbine unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the steam outlet end of the preceding said pressure stage is connected to the steam inlet end of the following said pressure stage via an intermediate regulator valve along the central axis of said second shaft.
- A turbine unit with external combined pressure stages according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the regulating pressure stages are arranged in the same direction as the flow of steam or in opposite pairs.
- A turbine assembly having externally arranged combined pressure stages according to claim 4, wherein the flow areas of different said pressure regulating stages are increasing in the direction of steam flow.
- The turbine unit of claim 4, further comprising a regeneration system having a first high pressure heater, wherein the high pressure cylinder is connected to the first high pressure heater through a first regeneration valve, and wherein the outlet lines of the main control valve and the bypass control valve are joined and then connected to the first high pressure heater through a second regeneration valve.
- The turbine unit of claim 4, further comprising a condenser and a low pressure heat exchanger, wherein the steam outlet end of at least one of the pressure regulating stages is provided with a steam extraction valve, and the steam extraction valve is connected with the condenser or the low pressure heat exchanger through a pipeline.
- The turbine assembly of claim 8, wherein at least one of said pressure regulating stages has a cooling steam valve at a steam inlet end thereof, said cooling steam valve being connected to a steam source at a pressure greater than a pressure at said extraction valve, said steam source including but not limited to at least one of a main steam line, a reheat steam line, and a steam header.
- A method of operating a turbine assembly for use with an outboard combined pressure stage of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:dividing control load intervals according to the number of the regulating pressure stages, wherein the control load intervals comprise, but are not limited to, a high load interval, a medium and high load interval, a medium load interval and a low load interval;detecting or setting an operation interval point, and judging a control load interval in which the operation interval point falls:when the operating interval point falls into the high-load interval, only the high-pressure cylinder is put into operation, so that all the pressure-regulating stages idle or stop;when the operating interval point falls into a middle-high load interval, the pressure-regulating stages are operated in parallel and are communicated with the high-pressure cylinder;when the operating interval point falls into the intermediate load interval, a single pressure level is regulated, and then the high-pressure cylinder is communicated;and when the operating interval point falls into the low-load interval, the pressure-regulating stages are operated in series and are communicated with the high-pressure cylinder.
- A method of operating an externally positioned combined pressure stage turbine assembly according to claim 10, wherein:dividing a medium-high load interval into a plurality of sub-medium-high intervals;according to the quantity and the flow area of the pressure-regulating stages, combining the pressure-regulating stages into a plurality of pressure stage combination forms with unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability from small to large;binding a plurality of sub-middle-high sections from high to low with the pressure stage combination form which is arranged from small to large according to the unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability.
- A method of operating an externally positioned combined pressure stage turbine assembly according to claim 10, wherein:dividing the intermediate load interval into a plurality of sub-intermediate intervals;according to the unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability of the pressure regulating stage, arranging the pressure regulating stage from small to large;binding a plurality of subintermediate sections from high to low with the pressure-regulating stages arranged from small to large according to the unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability.
- A method of operating an externally positioned combined pressure stage turbine assembly according to claim 10, wherein:dividing the low load section into a plurality of sub-low sections;according to the quantity and the flow area of the pressure-regulating stages, combining the pressure-regulating stages into a plurality of pressure stage combination forms with unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability from small to large;binding a plurality of sub-low regions from high to low with the pressure level combination form which is arranged from small to large according to the unit steam enthalpy drop conversion capability.
- A method of operating an external combined pressure stage turbine assembly according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein:when the pressure regulating stage is in the state of being isolated from steam inlet and steam outlet and entering an idle state, the corresponding steam extraction valve is opened.
- A method of operating an externally positioned combined pressure stage turbine assembly according to claim 14, wherein:obtaining detection data and judging whether the cooling flow is sufficient or not;and if the cooling flow is insufficient, opening a cooling steam valve.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2022/094668 WO2023225842A1 (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | External combined pressure-stage steam turbine set and operating method therefor |
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| CN117295878A true CN117295878A (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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| CN202280020356.4A Pending CN117295878A (en) | 2022-05-24 | 2022-05-24 | Turbine unit with external combined pressure stage and operation method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN117295878A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023225842A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58140408A (en) * | 1982-02-17 | 1983-08-20 | Hitachi Ltd | Cooler for steam turbine |
| CN104566331B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-07-21 | 浙江省电力设计院 | A kind of cogeneration of heat and power back pressure type heat regenerative system |
| CN107339128B (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2021-05-18 | 上海汽轮机厂有限公司 | Secondary reheating steam turbine with parallel ultrahigh pressure cylinders |
| CN108343479B (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2023-05-09 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Two-unit-based back condensation and extraction heat supply system and adjusting method |
| CN112282874A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-29 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | System for be used for improving industry heat supply flexibility |
| CN114233416B (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-09-23 | 暨南大学 | Dynamically-reconstructed steam turbine generator unit and operation method |
-
2022
- 2022-05-24 WO PCT/CN2022/094668 patent/WO2023225842A1/en active Application Filing
- 2022-05-24 CN CN202280020356.4A patent/CN117295878A/en active Pending
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